Department of Chemistry

UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

CEM1008F - CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

SECOND CLASS TEST: MAY 2018

60 MINUTES, 50 MARKS
INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Write your name and student registration number on the computer answer sheet.

2. An additional 5 minutes are afforded at the start of the test for reading. No writing may
occur during this period.

3. Record your answers CLEARLY and UNAMBIGUOUSLY on the COMPUTER ANSWER

SHEET USING AN HB PENCIL.
There is only ONE CORRECT RESPONSE to each question. You will be given a
NEGATIVE score for a question if:

a) you give more than one response to a question,

b) you give an incorrect response,

You will get ZERO if you give no response.

4. There are 18 questions. Check that your paper is complete.

5. Hand in your computer answer sheet only.

6. You may use the reverse blank pages of the question paper for your calculations.

7. A periodic table, aqueous solubility rules and a formula sheet are provided at the end of
the question paper. You may remove these to facilitate access.
Question 1

A system releases 85.5 kJ of energy during which it does 20.5 kJ of work on the surroundings.
The heat gained by the system is:

A. 106.0 kJ
B. 65.0 kJ
C. 65.0 kJ
D. 106.0 kJ
E. negligible
[2]

Question 2

In the entropy equation, S = k ln W, W refers to:

A. the enthalpy of the system

B. the entropy of the system
C. the temperature of the system expressed in Fahrenheit
D. the number of microstates of the system
E. the rate of work done by the system
[2]

Question 3

Given the following thermochemical equations A and B:

2 CO (g)  2 C (s) + O2 (g) HA = 221 kJ A

CO (g) + 2 H2 (g)  CH3OH (g) HB = 91 kJ B

the Hrxn of the target reaction below is closest to:

2 C (s) + 4 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 CH3OH (g) Hrxn = ?

A. 120 kJ
B. 120 kJ
C. 312 kJ
D. 403 kJ
E. 312 kJ
[3]

2
Question 4
An engineer placed 3.482 g of a certain hydrocarbon in a calorimeter which also contained
1.500 dm3 of water. On burning the sample, the temperature of the water rose from 25.00 C to
34.50 C. The calorimeter has a heat capacity of 842 J K-1 and the water a specific heat
capacity of 4.184 J K-1 g-1. What was the heat change per mole of hydrocarbon closest to? The
hydrocarbon has a molar mass of 72.15 g mol-1 and the density of water is 1.00 g cm-3.
A. 3.128 x 106 J
B. 1.401 x 106 J
C. 2.427 x 106 J
D. 9.816 x 106 J
E. 6.576 x 106 J
[4]
Question 5
Given the following:
2 NO (g) + O2 (g)  2 NO2 (g) Hrxn = 113 kJ

and that H°f [NO2 (g)] = 33.8 kJ mol-1; the H°f [NO (g)] is closest to:
A. 45.1 kJ mol-1
B. 45.1 kJ mol-1
C. 90.3 kJ mol-1
D. 79.2 kJ mol-1
E. 56.4 kJ mol-1
[3]
Question 6
For the chemical reaction below, the predicted:
H2 (g) + I2 (s) → 2 HI (g)

A. change in entropy will be positive

B. change in entropy will be zero
C. change in entropy will be negative
D. change in entropy cannot be predicted without further information
E. change in enthalpy will be positive
[2]
Question 7
If ΔH is positive and ΔS is positive for a certain reaction, then the reaction is:
A. always spontaneous
B. always non-spontaneous
C. at equilibrium
D. spontaneous at low temperatures and non-spontaneous at high temperatures
E. non-spontaneous at low temperatures and spontaneous at high temperatures

[2]

3
Question 8

The molality of a solution which contains 12.00% of ammonia (NH3) by mass, is closest to:
A. 8.007 m
B. 12.00 m
C. 7.046 m
D. 9.415 m
E. 17.03 m
[3]
Question 9

Given the reaction below at standard conditions (298 K and 1 atm) as well as the
thermodynamic data for each of the species:

N2 (g) + 3 H2 (g)  2 NH3 (g)

Species N2 (g) H2 (g) NH3 (g)

ΔH°f (kJ mol-1) 0 0 46

S° (J mol-1 K-1) 191.5 130.6 192.5

ΔG for the reaction is closest to:

A. +33 kJ
B. +66 kJ
C. 66 kJ
D. 33 kJ
E. 76 kJ
[4]
Question 10

When sodium chloride dissolves in water:

A. hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and ions

B. ion-dipole forces form between water molecules and ions
C. ion-induced dipole forces form between the water molecules and ions
D. dispersion forces are the strongest type of interactions between water molecules and ions
E. dipole-induced dipole forces form between the water molecules and ions
[2]

4
Question 11

What is the minimum mass of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) that must be dissolved in 5.00 kg of
water in order for the solution to freeze at -10.0 C? The freezing point of pure water is 0 C,
whilst Kf = 1.86 °C m-1.

A. 3.33 kg
B. 1.67 kg
C. 5.46 kg
D. 2.14 kg
E. 3.69 kg

[4]
Question 12

Lauryl alcohol is obtained from coconut oil and is used to make detergents. A solution of 5.00 g
lauryl alcohol in 0.100 kg of benzene freezes at 4.1 C. The normal freezing point of benzene is
5.50 C and its Kf value is 5.12 C m-1. What is the approximate molar mass of lauryl alcohol?

A. 114 g mol-1
B. 186 g mol-1
C. 46.1 g mol-1
D. 244 g mol-1
E. 205 g mol-1
[4]
Question 13

Write the reaction quotient expression, Qc, for the following chemical reaction:

Sn2+ (aq) + ½ O2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) SnO2 (s) + 2 H3O+ (aq)

[H3O+]2 [Sn2+][O2]1/2
A. B.
[Sn2+][O2]1/2 [H3O+]2

[SnO2][H3O+]2 [H3O+]2
C. D.
[H2O]3[Sn2+][O2]1/2 [H2O]3[Sn2+][O2]1/2

[SnO2][H3O+]2
E.
[H2O][Sn2+][O2]1/2

[3]

5
Question 14

Sulfur trioxide gas dissociates into sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas at 1250 °C. In an
experiment, 3.60 moles of sulfur trioxide were placed into an evacuated 3.0 litre flask. The
concentration of sulfur dioxide gas measured at equilibrium was found to be 0.20 M. What is
the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction?

A. 2.0 x 10-1
B. 1.0 x 10-3
C. 2.0 x 10-3
D. 4.0 x 10-3
E. 8.0 x 10-3

[3]

Question 15

For the reaction,

2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 SO3 (g)

At 900 K, the equilibrium constant Kc has a value of 13. Calculate the value of Kp at this
temperature.

A. 97.3 x 103
B. 0.176
C. 960
D. 0.0174
E. 0.077
[2]

Question 16

All of the following reactions are at equilibrium. The reaction which does NOT undergo an
equilibrium shift when the volume is changed is:
A. 2 SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 SO3 (g)
B. CH4 (g) + H2O (g) CO (g) + 3 H2 (g)
C. NO (g) + O3 (g) NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
D. PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
E. 2 NO2 (g) N2O4 (g)

[3]

6
Question 17

Which of the following solutions has the lowest pH value?

A. 1 M HCl
B. 1 M NaOH
C. 1 M H2SO4
D. 1 M CH3COOH
E. 1 M Ca(OH)2
[2]

Question 18

What is the pH of a 0.01 M solution of KOH?

A. 2.00
B. 4.00
C. 8.00
D. 10.00
E. 12.00
[2]

END OF TEST

TOTAL MARKS: 50

7
 Periodic Table of the Elements
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2
H He
1.008 4.0026
2.1 KEY -
3 4 Atomic Number 29 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be Cu Symbol B C N O F Ne
6.941 9.012 Atomic Mass (amu) 63.55 10.81 12.011 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18
1.0 1.5 1.9 Electronegativity 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 -
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Note: Atomic mass values are rounded off to Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 four or five significant figures 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.06 35.45 39.95
0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0 -
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.96 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.71 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80
0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 -
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (97) 101.07 102.91 106.4 107.86 112.40 114.82 116.69 121.75 127.60 126.90 131.30
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.5 -
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.34 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.85 186.21 190.2 192.22 195.09 196.97 200.59 204.37 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)
0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 -
87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
Fr Ra Ac** Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (280) (285) (286) (289) (289) (293) (294) (294)
0.7 0.9 1.1 -

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
LANTHANOIDS * Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.1 140.9 144.2 (147) 150.4 152.0 157.2 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
1.1 1.2
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
ACTINOIDS **
232.0 (231) 238.0 (237) (242) (243) (247) (247) (251) (254) (253) (256) (254) (257)
1.3 1.5 1.7
 Solubility Rules and Guidelines for Aqueous Solutions

Soluble Ionic Compounds Exceptions

NO3-, CH3COO-, ClO3-, ClO4- KClO4
Cl-, Br-, I- Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+, Cu+
F- Pb2+, Group 2A
SO42- Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+, Group 2A (Ca2+,
Ba2+)
Insoluble Ionic Compounds Exceptions
OH- Group 1A, Group 2A (Ca2+ and larger
members)
CO32-, PO43- NH4+, Group 1A
S2- NH4+, Group 1A, Group 2A

1. Salts of ammonium (NH4+) and Group 1A are soluble

2. Nitrates (NO3-) and acetates (CH3COO-) are soluble, as are the most common
chlorates (ClO3-) and perchlorates (ClO4-)
3. All chlorides are soluble, except AgCl, Hg2Cl2, PbCl2 and CuCl
4. All bromides are soluble, except AgBr, Hg2Br2 and PbBr2
5. All iodides are soluble, except AgI, Hg2I2 and PbI2
6. All fluoride are soluble, except PbF2 and those of Group 2A
7. All sulphates (SO42-) are soluble, except CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4 Ag2SO4, Hg2SO4 and
PbSO4
8. Phosphates (PO43-) and carbonates (CO32-) are insoluble, except those of ammonium
(NH4+) and the Group 1A alkali metals
9. All hydroxides (OH-) are insoluble, except those of Group 1A and those of Group 2A
(from Ca2+)
10. All sulfides are insoluble, except those of ammonium (NH4+) and Group 1A and Group
2A

9
 Constants Conversion Factors

R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1

= 8.3145 kPa dm3 K-1 mol-1 1 A = 10-10 m
= 8.3145 J K-1 mol-1 1 nm = 1 x 10-9 m
= 1.9872 cal K-1 mol-1 1 L = 1 dm3 = 10-3 m3

1 Pa = 1 kg m-1 s-2
1 atm = 1.01325 x 105 Pa
NA = 6.0221367 x 1023 mol-1 = 760 mm Hg (torr)

1 J = 1 kg m2 s-2
e = 1.60217733 x 10-19 C 1 cal = 4.184 J

h = 6.626 x 10-34 J S

c = 2.998 x 108 m s-1

F = 96500 C mol-1

Kw = 1 x 10-14

Thermodynamics Applied Solution Chemistry

E  q  w Henry’s law: S gas  k H Pgas

H  E  PV 
Raoult’s Law: Psolvent  xsolventPsolvent
q  c  mass  T
 
Psolvent  Psolvent  xsolutePsolvent
q
S  rev
T Tb  K b m ; T f  K f m
G  H  TS H soln  H latt  H hydr

H rxn   mH 
f   nH 
f nsolute
products reactants  RT  MRT
Vsolution

S rxn   mS
products

  nS
reactants


Electrochemistry

Grxn   mG
products

f   nG
reactants

f

  
Ecell  Ecathode  Eanode
ΔS°univ = ΔS°rxn + ΔS°surr ≥ 0
G   nFE cell

Chemical Equilibrium

K p  K c RT 
n

Ecell 
RT
ln K 
0.0592
log K at 25C
nF n

G    RT ln K 
Ecell  Ecell 
RT
ln Q
nF
K2 
H rxn 1 1
ln     
 Ecell 
0.0592
log Q at 25C
K1 R  T2 T1  n

10