Fermi Level
Fermi Level
Fermi Level
TECHNOLOGY
DELHI-NCR CAMPUS, MODINAGAR,
GHAZIABAD.
FERMI ENERGY
Submitted By:
Signatur
S.N e of
Registration Name of the Branch &
o the
Number Student section
. stude
nt
SHAMBHAVI
CSE-
1. CORE(
TRIVEDI
RA2311003030051 A)
SAHARSH CSE-
2. SRIVASTA CORE(
RA2311003030052 VA A)
CSE-
3. SHAURYA NEGI CORE(
RA2311003030053 A)
4. RA2311003030054 ARCHIT CSE-
PRAMOD CORE(
MESHRAM A)
PARTH
CSE-
5. CORE(
MONGIA
RA2311003030055 A)
Subject In-Charge:
HOD
Mr. Himanshu Sharma
Assistant Professor
Department of Physics
Faculty of Engineering and Technology
FERMI LEVEL
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
1. Background
The background of this project delves into the fundamental importance of the
Fermi level in the domain of solid-state physics and semiconductor
technology. Semiconductors are at the heart of modern electronics, and the
Fermi level is a key concept in understanding how they work. This section
provides a context for the significance of the Fermi level and how it plays a
central role in various technological advancements.
3. Scope
The scope of this project extends to various facets of the Fermi level, including
its position in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, how it can be influenced
by temperature and doping, and its applications in devices like transistors,
photovoltaics, and LEDs.
FERMI LEVEL
2.1 Definition
The Fermi level, also known as the Fermi energy, is a concept of
paramount importance in the field of semiconductor physics and solid-
state electronics. This level represents the highest energy state within a
material that electrons can occupy at absolute zero temperature. In
essence, it is the energy boundary that divides the filled electron states
from the empty, available states for conduction.
The equilibrium condition of intrinsic semiconductors, with the Fermi level in the
middle of the bandgap, is significant for several reasons:
There are two primary types of extrinsic semiconductors based on the type of
dopants introduced:
The control over the position of the Fermi level in extrinsic semiconductors is
a key aspect of semiconductor device engineering. By strategically choosing
the type and concentration of dopants, engineers can tailor the electrical
properties of semiconductors to meet the requirements of specific
applications. For example, transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits rely on
precisely controlling the Fermi level to modulate electrical current and
perform logic functions.
The energy band diagrams provide a clear illustration of how the Fermi
level's position impacts the majority charge carriers and, consequently, the
electrical conductivity of the material. This fundamental understanding of the
Fermi level's role in extrinsic semiconductors is pivotal for designing and
optimizing semiconductor devices for various applications, from amplifying
electronic signals in transistors to rectifying current in diodes.
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