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Limiting Reactants

The document contains 6 chemistry problems involving stoichiometric calculations to determine the mass of products formed from various chemical reactions. The problems provide the masses of reactants and use the mole ratios in the balanced chemical equations to determine the limiting reagents and calculate the masses of the products.

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26 views

Limiting Reactants

The document contains 6 chemistry problems involving stoichiometric calculations to determine the mass of products formed from various chemical reactions. The problems provide the masses of reactants and use the mole ratios in the balanced chemical equations to determine the limiting reagents and calculate the masses of the products.

Uploaded by

ykame4096
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GCSE

CHEMISTRY

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1. What mass of calcium hydroxide is formed when 10.0 g of calcium oxide
reacts with 10.0 g of water?
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH) 2

Moles of CaO = 10.0/56 = 0.179 mol


Moles of H2O =10.0/18 = 0.556 mol
0.179 mol of CaO reacts with 0.179 mol of H2O,
∴ H2O is in excess; CaO is limiting reagent
moles of Ca(OH)2 formed = 0.179 mol
mass of Ca(OH)2 = 74 x 0.179 = 13.2 g

Answer: 13.2 g

2. What mass of sodium fluoride is formed when 2.30 g of sodium reacts with
2.85 g of fluorine?
2Na + F2 → 2NaF

Moles of Na = 2.30/23 = 0.100 mol


Moles of F2 = 2.85/38 = 0.075 mol
0.100 mol of Na reacts with 0.050 mol of F2,
∴ F2 is in excess; Na is limiting reagent
moles of NaF formed = 0.100 mol
mass of NaF = 42 x 0.100 = 4.20 g

Answer: 4.20 g

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3. What mass of copper is formed when 2.00 g of copper(II) oxide reacts with
1.00 g of hydrogen?
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O

Moles of CuO = 2.00/79.5 = 0.0252 mol


Moles of H2 = 1.00/2 = 0.500 mol
0.0252 mol of CuO reacts with 0.0252 mol of H2,
∴ H2 is in excess; CuO is limiting reagent
moles of Cu formed = 0.0252 mol
mass of Cu = 63.5 x 0.0252 = 1.60 g

Answer: 1.60 g

4. What mass of magnesium bromide is formed when 1.00 g of magnesium


reacts with 5.00 g of bromine?
Mg + Br2 → MgBr2

Moles of Mg = 1.000/24 = 0.0417 mol


Moles of Br2 = 5.00/160 = 0.03125 mol
0.03125 mol of Mg reacts with 0.03125 mol of Br2,
∴ Mg is in excess; Br2 is limiting reagent
moles of MgBr2 formed = 0.03125 mol
mass of MgBr2 = 184 x 0.03125 = 5.75 g

Answer: 5.75 g

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5. What mass of aluminium chloride is formed when 13.5 g of aluminium reacts
with 42.6 g of chlorine?
2Al + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3

Moles of Al = 13.5/27 = 0.500 mol


Moles of Cl2 = 42.6/72 = 0.600 mol
0.400 mol of Al reacts with 0.600 mol of Cl 2,
∴ Al is in excess; Cl2 is limiting reagent
moles of AlCl3 formed = 0.400 mol
mass of AlCl3 = 133.5 x 0.400 = 53.4 g

Answer: 53.4 g

6. What mass of iron is formed when 8.00 g of iron(III) oxide reacts with 2.16 g
of aluminium?
Fe2O3 + 2Al → 2Fe + Al2O3

Moles of Fe2O3 = 8.00/160 = 0.050 mol


Moles of Al = 2.16/27 = 0.080 mol
0.040 mol of Fe2O3 reacts with 0.080 mol of Al,
∴ Fe2O3 is in excess; Al is limiting reagent
moles of Fe formed = 0.080 mol
mass of Fe = 56 x 0.080 = 4.48 g

Answer: 4.48 g

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