Maps

Looking Ahead
eture of your school as seen inthis lesso yu ili learn
about
Why we prejer using
bove che schaoi to gfobes maps
De dirferent? What are maps. the
schoot2 Which Which picture different kinds of maps
the schoot?
picqure co you The etements of naps
directions, scale gnd
symboBs

and Maps
the globe is a Small model of the Earth. It is the nOst
accurate
size, shape and iocation of places on the Earth. However it has
mings. MUMBAI

globe around
ttocarry a
al the parts of
NSibletosee
time
surtace atthe same
sow detailed information.
tailed information we will
nake huge globes. They will
to make and read.
these problems, we normally
hsteacd of a globe.

a Map?

naking maps is cated

Same oB the oldest mapS made
are than 8OO years old.
 ofa map north west between orth and wst
certaun elements Some
southeast between wuth and east,and
south-west betweensouth and west
These elements are used INDIA - DIRECTONS
different bits of information
and the area it covers
map
understandthese elements, we
bletoLuse the map
better. NORTH
NORTH BEATH
WEST EAST
ONS
EAST
he most important elements of
WEST

direction There are, as you SOUTH /

WEST
SOUTH
EAST
sur cardinal directions-aont. SOUTH
BEKGAL

AAstand ARABIAN

Y maps
are drawn with north at
Most maps indicate north with
N narked N. If you know where
FNDIAN oCEAN
ies, it is easy to find south, east
est. SCALE
his at the top, then south is at the A map rarely shows the actual distances
,east is to the right,and west to between places. Distances are shrunk
t. so that the area being mapped can be
-east lies between north and east, fitted on a piece of paper. To be able
to do this accuratelv,
maps are drawn to a
Scale Ihe scale of a map
is the ratio between
distance shown on the
map and the actuE
distance on the groun
For example, the actu
distance betwe
hotograph of a school taken A map of the same school; note the two ities may be
from the air different elements it contains
kilometres. But on
 H
founa's
statir

of this hook js
Suhasa sheetofppet Bt youcTsOf page A
drawDlevg, fii,t
laten Otthe Earth suTfACO Andshow GerVEral imes its sizs, t l hwy
AGCUratety o, there are somE errors. norr detotls. HCan b easily r}e
i the shapes ad sizes. of land nasses or folded and carried
in maps People who make map try t A book of rmaps i called an
HINise fhese errof the pages of yOUT atla and losk t
ditterent maps H it. Yent wil1 And
there are several types of maps iit
Different types of maps Some Of these are as tollowg
Maps can be drawn to show the whoe Maps shewing soundaies
OFc a singe continent OUnry,a the cuntriesS and state, and
city your neighbourhed, andeve inportant citie9, known as
your school. They carr be drawn n any
Maps showing natural features c
The larger the area covered by a map, Jand sich as mountains, riyer
the nOre will be the errors in it. A map plains, known as phgsale
of your neighbourhood can be drawn Maps showing crops growE
accurately, as it covers a small area. But minerals fourid in variouis places
a map of India or amap of the world MMaps showing rainfali in dif
will have errors because they COver very areas
large areas,
Maps showing roads, railvway
The mapof the world shown onpage 12 airline rutes