FAN

FCU COIL
UNIT

The same idea as the AHU, but used in small spaces.

There are many of them in the building because they provide

control over the air conditioning settings for the zones where they
are installed.

If you notice, the name consists of two important parts :

FAN + COIL
A fan to push air into the room Cooling and heating coils.
or pull it out of the room

The form and function of the components like those of an AHU,

but the difference is that here they are much smaller in size.

They come in different shapes, but they all operate on the same
principle.
 The condensed water passes
through them to go to the
rooms.
Connector on two
fans to extract and MOTOR
pump air COOLING
DRAIN
COIL FAN PAIN

Fixed on the motor

Air cooling
for pumping and
distributing air

Concealed air conditioning units are installed in the

suspended ceiling, and sometimes ducts are installed on it.

Cassette Type Horizontal Concealed Horizontal Concealed Vertical Concealed

Fan Coil Unit Fan Coil Unit 1 Fan Coil Unit 2 Fan Coil Unit

Vertical Exposed Horizontal Exposed Wall Mounted Cabinet Type

Fan Coil Unit Fan Coil Unit Fan Coil Unit Fan Coil Unit
In the BMS you should know that...
The FCU has its own small controller responsible for monitoring the
sensors that come as part of it, like the controller.

from the last...

FCU BUILT-IN
DDC CONTROLLER
RS-485
FCU
DDC

Remember the daisy DDC

chain method

FCU RS-485
COMMUNICATION

NEXT

The unit was handled as if it were a complete

panel, coming with all its connections and it only
needs to make a link with the DDC controllers
present along its path.

The shape of the controller that

comes with it
FAN COIL UNIT The box located next
2 PIPE CONTROL DIAGRAM to the FCU

Fan Coil

LMCP

Coil
EM

Return
Auto / Manual Operation Status

MV

Supply
Fan Common Fault /E Stop
Moduating Valve Control
Fan Status [Run/Stop]

Em = Emergency Stop
Fan On /Off Control

Space Temperature

T = Temperature Sensor
AI = Analog Input
DI = Digital Input
AO = Analog Output
P = Differential Pressure Sensor
MV = Modulating Valve
LMCP = Local Mechanical Control Panel

DI DI AO AO DI AI T

High Temperature Alarm

Points
BMS

Digital Direct Control [DDC] Equipment Time Schedule

This controller, the

If you focus on the image, you'll
sensors above, and
notice that almost the same
also the actuators are
all built-in parts of types of signals we explained
the FCU. on the AHU, whether with the
coil, the fan, or the signals that
control and monitor the fan
motor.

Let's take a look at another shape....

 Space
Space Module (Digital Room Thermostat ):

-3 Speed Fan Selector With

Auto Position

-Room Temperature Sensor

-Room Temperature Setpoint

M
-Cooling /Stand-By Switch
-Fcu On /Off Switch

Auto.(Off/Low/Medium/High)

Mode (Cooling / Standby)

FCU BOX

CHW SUPPLY Fan Low Speed

Fan Medium Speed

Fan High Speed

CHW RETURN
Cooling V/V Modulating

TO OTHER
FCU CONTROLLERS

conversion protocols Bacnet

INTERFACE

BACNET IP BACNET MS/TP

Only two things happened.....

Connect all the field devices that come with the FCU to the DDC
that came with it.

Using a RS-485 connection cable, connect the FCU controller,

and output the signal to the next controller ,whether it's a DDC
on a panel from the BMS panels or another DDC located within
the body of another FCU.
 VARIABLE
VAV AIR
VOLUME

It is one of the air conditioning systems that essentially adjusts the

volume of air entering the place based on the desired temperature.
This type is widespread in modern buildings because it has a very
important feature, which is the ability to control the temperature of
each zone separately, even if all the zones are served by the same
AHU.

CHILLED
WATER

SUPPLY VAV “HVAC TERMINAL

AHU
UNIT”

Thermostats
for
controlling
Another
the
controller
temperature
specific to
of the zones.
this area.
 The air that has been treated and cooled by the AHU passes
through a VAV box before entering the rooms. This box only
releases the quantity of air needed by the room to reach the
desired temperature.

How does this happen...

Firstly: You are in the room and you have a thermostat. You adjusted
the temperature setting on it, let's say, to 35 degrees Celsius.
The value you want to set is
called the "set point"

Secondly: The temperature sensor in the thermostat reads the

current room temperature and sends it to the controller
connected to the VAV.

What's this? Does the VAV come with a controller too?

It comes with one, following the same idea as the FCU we explained earlier.

Anyway, the controller receives the desired value you set on the
thermostat, and compares it with the actual room temperature
value monitored by the temperature sensor. Based on the
difference between them, it adjusts the airflow to cool the room
to the desired temperature.
 Of course we understand that .....whenever the difference
between the desired temperature and the current
temperature is large, the VAV will allow larger amounts of
cold air to enter, and vice versa.

Its components :

Measuring airflow Controlling the amount of incoming air

Flow sensor butterfly rotary damper

Reheater
Heating the air as needed

Built-in rotary actuator

for controlling damper

A place where duct is installed, and on the VAV

duct, a diffuser is installed to distribute Controller
conditioned air throughout the room box
Measuring airflow velocity
with a flow sensor and
assisting small hoses, similar
to the concept of DPS if you
remember
I told you all this so that when I mention VAV, you
understand what I mean, its specifications, and how it
works. But BMS is important for me to understand that
its connection method in the system is exactly the same
as connecting the controller for the FCU.

DAISY CHAIN WITH RS-485 COMMUNICATION CABLE

CAT-6 CABLE
DATA SWITCH

RS-485
BACNET IP BACNET MSTP

ROUTER

VAV
DDC

DDC

NEXT
VAV CONTROLLER

VAV
 Scenarios for connecting the controllers.
The controllers can be found in the project connected in two ways,
which are...

1. Having a router for VAVs only and a router for FCUs only, and a
router for DDCs, considering the quantity and distances as we
explained earlier.

RS-485
COMMUNICATION CABLE

CAT-6 CABLES
VAV VAV

ROUTER

ROUTER FCU FCU

ROUTER
DDC DDC

CONTROL
CABLES

FEILED
DEVICES
2.In the second method, you won't find the same organization
as in the first method because all these controllers will be
connected to each other on the same path. When the allowed
distance or number is exceeded, another router will be brought
in and connected to another path, and so on.

DDC
VAV
FCU
ROUTER

ROUTER FCU
VAV

DDC

<< Translated by me>>

Rama Alshaer