COMMUNICATION SKILLS

LETTER WRITING &

DELIVERING A SPEECH

FFT
15 FOR TEEN

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 MUST DO TOPICS
UNIT-3
•PARAGRAPH WRITING
• RESUME WRITING
• TECHNICAL REPORTS
• MEMOS
UNIT-3

PARAGRAPH WRITING

A paragraph is much more than a collection of connected sentences. It is a

building block of essay development, and paragraphs provide the structure
needed to develop the thesis of a paper. In fact, a useful way to think about a
paragraph is as a "mini- essay," or an essay within an essay, with its own mini-
thesis (the topic sentence), middle or body (the supporting details) and end or
conclusion (the concluding sentence). To understand how paragraphs help to
develop a thesis,
think of them as landmarks on a map. With each paragraph, you describe where
you are standing and point the direction for your readers to make sure they
complete the journey to your conclusion. A vague signpost or a detour down a
side trail could well have your readers lost and wondering where you are taking
them. Clear signals, on the other hand, in the form of clearly worded topic
sentences, relevant support, reasonable interpretations of material, and logical
conclusions
will help your readers follow the development of your ideas.
In general, in order for a paragraph to be effective, it must have three
characteristics: unity, development and coherence.
(i) Unity: The first characteristic of an effective paragraph is unity, which means
that all sentences in the paragraph explain, develop, and support a central idea in
some way. In other words, every paragraph must have a purpose within your
paper,
that and all the sentences must somehow advance that purpose. This means
ALL sentences topic sentence, supporting ones, and concluding sentence-must be
more than loosely related to the subtopic. They must all advance the paragraph's
purpose as well as the thesis. Why should you aim for a unified paragraph?
Because
in a dis-unified one, a writer's purpose and the connections between the
sentences
can be unclear.
(ii) Development: Effective paragraphs are not only unified, they are fully
developed, which means that they don't leave any significant questions in
readers'
minds. If you were drawing a map to show a fellow traveller how to get from a
mountain pass to a source of water, you would be careful to draw a line that
followed the trail down the mountain, along the valley to a spot where there
was a lake. You wouldn't stop the line halfway down the mountain, hoping that
those who used your map would be able to figure out the rest of the way for
themselves. Similarly, when you are writing a paragraph, you must be sure to
trace the full development of your ideas for readers so they will understand the
assumptions,
evidence and reasoning you used. There are three ways to ensure that your
paragraphs are fully developed: by providing the right level of supporting detail,
choosing the right kind of evidence and choosing the right pattern of development
for your purpose.

(iii) Coherence: You've achieved coherence in a paragraph when a reader (usually

an instructor) congratulates you on good "flow." A paragraph that is coherent flows
because it is arranged according to a definite plan, and as a result, all the sentences
are not just about the same main topic, but they also "stick together" and lead
readers smoothly from the topic sentence to the concluding one. This "stickiness"
results from sentences that follow, one from the other, in a way that makes sense.
Each sentence takes a logical step forward. There are a number of ways to achieve
coherence: through use of ordering principles, pronouns, transitional words, and
repetition.

SAMPLE-

Q- Write a paragraph about the benefits of COVID 19 lockdown. Justify it with a

strong argument
Coronavirus- One of the horrific names humankind will remember. It is one of the
worst pandemics, the world has witnessed which seems like an invisible army which
emerged from China’s Wuhan city. Just like other parts of the world, India and the
world’s second most populated country is also in the state of lockdown. Despite the
fact that we can’t move out of the houses, there are various positive aspects of the
lockdown like we get time to spend time with family, make use of e-learning
resources and reading of books, take care of our health and understand the value of
our friends and close ones. In addition to this, COVID 19 lockdown has efficiently
contributed to the betterment of the Environment. (Zolpidem) Let’s hope we all come
safely out of this situation in the end.
 RESUME WRITING

•O ne of the biggest differences between a résumé and a CV is in the

audience. ACV speaks largely to an academic audience and documents your
academic and intellectual accomplishments.
• A résumé is read by hiring managers in a non-academic organization and
should be tailored to this group.
• Resume is a French word meaning "summary", and true to its meaning, it
signifies a summary of one's employment, education, and other skills, used
in applying for a new position.
• A resume seldom exceeds one side of an A4 sheet, and at the most two
sides.
• They do not list out all the education and qualifications, but only highlight
specific skills Customized to target the job profile in question.
• A resume is usually broken into bullets and written in the third person to
appear objective and formal.
• A good resume starts with a brief Summary of Qualifications, followed by
areas of strength or Industry Expertise in keywords, followed by
Professional experience in reverse chronological order.
• Focus is on the most recent experiences, and prior experiences summarized.
• The content aims at providing the reader a balance of responsibilities and
accomplishments for each position.
• After work experience come Professional Affiliations, Computer Skills, and
Educations

Function of Resume:

• It Introduce a candidate to a potential employer highlights the applicant's

fitness for a particular position persuades a prospective employer to call a
candidate for a personal interview.
• It reflects candidate's personality, employment goals and his career
aspirations.
• It helps an employer to appropriate appointment decision
SAMPLE-
TECHNICAL REPORTS

• A technical report is a formal report designed to convey technical

information in a clear and easily accessible format.
• It is divided into sections which allow different readers to access different
levels of information.
• This guide explains the commonly accepted format for a technical report;
explains the purposes of the individua sections; and gives hints on how to go
about drafting and refining a report in order to produce an accurate,
professional document.
STRUCTURE-

• Preface: It is written by writer in his own personal style. It introduces the

subject of the report to the reader and reason for writing report and scope.
• Letter of transmittal: Report writer writes it to give purpose if the report
writing and causes. It also contains objectives and highlights of the report.
• Acknowledgement: Writer writes the name of the people/person who
contributed to the production and made the report possible.
• Table of contents: It provides overall view of the report
• List of illustrations: It gives systematic information about tables, graphs,
figures, charts etc. used in the report.
• Abstracts: It is the summary of the project focusing on key facts, findings,
observations, results, recommendations, etc...
• Introduction: It introduces the readers to the report, aim, objectives, scope,
and limitations.
• Methodology: Main part, focussing on the data, that has been collected,
findings of the investigation
• Conclusion: It presents the significance and meaning of the report to readers
• Recommendations: It contains recommendations that are based on results.
It also indicates the need and nature for further work in covered area.
• References/Bibliography: This section contains reference to book, journals,
and reports. It also consists list the material.
 FORMAT-

MEMOS
• Memos help in bridging the communication gap among the various sections
of a organisation and also serve as permanent record of information.
• These are brief written communications circulated within an organisation.
Structure:-

1. Letterhead

2. Opening paragraph

3. Discussion
4. Closing Paragraph

5. Signature

6. Necessary attachments (optional)

7. Distribution (optional/copy notation)

• Memorandum and Circular- used to communicate with other employees,

may be located is very flexible form use, same building or some other branch
of office.
• It is used for reports, briefings or any kind of internal communication.
• Memos are written in the first person and are informal in nature
Layout of Memorandum -

1. Heading

2. Date

3. Receiver

4. Sender

5. Subject

6. Body

7. Signature

FORMAT-
SAMPLE-

QUESTION-

MEMO FOR THE QUESTION-

______________________________________________________
 MOST REPEATED QUESTIONS

UNIT-3
▪ DEFINE A PARAGRAPH. (2)
OR
▪ WRITE A PARAGRAPH ON THE TOPIC ‘ IMPORTANCE OF
PRACTICAL SKILL IN
EDUCATION’. (15)
▪ WRITE YOUR RESUME FOR THE POST OF ENGINEER IN
BHARAT TECHNOLOGIES LTD.,
NAGPUR. IMAGINE YOUR RELEVANT DETAILS. (15)
▪ WRITE A REPORT ON ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING (200
WORDS)- (10)
BLOOD DONATION CAMP ORGANISED IN YOUR
COLLEGE. OR
TREE PLANTATION DRIVE STARTED BY THE PEOPLE OF
YOUR COLONY.
▪ WRITE A MEMORANDUM TO THE MEMBERS OF THE
COMMITTEE REGARDING THE
FIFTH ANNUAL BOARD MEETING. (7)
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