Detailed Note On Algal Bloom

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Perspective
Detailed Note on Algal Bloom

Xiulin Zhou*
Department of Water Environment , China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 10038, China
SUMMARY enrichment of water bodies. Nutrients promote the growth of

cyanobacteria and algae. The essential nutrients contributing to
An algal bloom is a photosynthetic organism, can be seen rapid eutrophication are Phosphorus and Nitrogen. Such nutrients are
growth in the population of algae in an aquatic system within a absorbed from drainage systems into waterways. Untreated, raw
short period of time. It can occur in fresh water and marine water sewage finds their own way into water bodies due to poor sewage
bodies and is recognized by the discoloration in the water from treatment and because it is rich in nitrogen compounds like
their pigments. The intense algal growth, or algal bloom, will ammonia and nitrates, it leads to algal bloom. Generally there are
become visible and may be green, blue-green, red, or brown, relying many types of bacteria present both in the water and atmosphere.
at the form of algae. An alga is present in natural water bodies like They are all looking for propers growth and nutrition media. So,
oceans, lakes, and rivers, but only some types can produce toxins. like other bacteria, by the involvement of each dead species in
In these algae, toxin production can be restored by effective factors water, the algae bacterium gets activated. The dead organic matter,
such as light, temperature, and nutrient levels. Algal toxins are together with the nutrients in the water, finally ends up spread the
released into surrounding water or air can seriously harm human, growth of algae in water leading to the blooming of algae. Optimal
animals, fish, and other parts of the ecosystem. Cyanobacteria were temperature for the growth of cyanobacteria in water is about 25ºC
mistaken for algae in the past so bacterial blooms are sometimes and thus has an ambitious advantage over other types. Harmful
also called algal blooms. algae commonly bloom throughout the summer time or when
Blooms which can injure animals or the ecology which are “Harmful water temperatures are rises than usual.
algal blooms” (HAB), which occur in freshwater, lakes and other Fresh water ecosystem is negatively impacted by algal bloom where
drinking water sources are dominated by the cyanobacteria the effects includes depletion of dissolved oxygen – Bacterial
Microcystis. This organism can cause a liver toxin that creates decomposition of dying blooms may lead to oxygen depletion
gastrointestinal infection as well as liver damage. Populations (Hypoxia and Anoxia) and subsequent fish kills, Reduction
primarily based totally on seafood also are susceptible to long time of water quality and Distortion of food chain. Reduced light
health consequences from potentially frequent, low stage exposures penetration leading to reduced primary productivity where an
to HAB toxins. HABs can damage the ecosystem by depleting over – abundance of algae can block out the light to other plants,
oxygen in the water, which can cause death of aquatic animals, such as sea grasses. Bioaccumulation along food chain - Due to
or simply by blocking sunlight which passes through the water slow metabolism, toxins produced by certain algae which taken by
organisms deeper in the water. The important impacts of HABs zooplankton then the toxins may build up within the organism.
to fisheries and some areas can also be extensive. People rarely get Dumping of industrial and domestic waste into water bodies
week from HAB-related toxin, algal bloom occurs when there is should be prohibited and waste recycling encouraged. Algal bloom
excessive amount of artificial nutrient enrichment discharged into results in increased growth in the algal population due to nutrient
the water and factors such as; Temperature, Turbidity, Oxygen level enrichment which leads to effects such as depletion of dissolved
and light are available in the correct amount thereby creating a set oxygen, reduction of water quality, reduction in light penetration
of favorable conditions specific for certain algae species. and others, and negative impacts on freshwater ecosystem.
Algal blooms are caused which referred to as the artificial nutrient
Correspondence to: Xiulin Zhou, Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 10038,
China, E-mail: Xiulinzhou@gmail.com
Received: 03-Jan-2022, Manuscript No.JARD-22-15914; Editor assigned: 06-Jan-2022, PreQC No.JARD-22-15914 (PQ); Reviewed: 20-Jan-2022, QC
No. JARD-22-15914; Revised: 24-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. JARD-22-15914 (R); Published: 01-Feb-2022, DOI:10.35248/2155-9546.22.13.670.
Citation: Zhou X (2022) Detailed Note on Algal Bloom. J Aquac Res Dev. 13:670.
Copyright: © 2022 Zhou X. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
J Aquac Res Dev, Vol. 13 Iss. 2 No: 1000670 1

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OPEN ACCESS Freely available online

Detailed Note on Algal Bloom

SUMMARY enrichment of water bodies. Nutrients promote the growth of

J Aquac Res Dev, Vol. 13 Iss. 2 No: 1000670 1

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