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    India Physical Features

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Maheshwari
    The document discusses the physical features of India, including the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Deccan Plateau, Thar Desert, and Coastal Plains. It provides details on the location and characteristics of each feature.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    India Physical Features

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Maheshwari
    10 views22 pages
    The document discusses the physical features of India, including the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Deccan Plateau, Thar Desert, and Coastal Plains. It provides details on the location and characteristics of each feature.

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    India physical features

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    The document discusses the physical features of India, including the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Deccan Plateau, Thar Desert, and Coastal Plains. It provides details on the location and characteristics of each feature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    10 views22 pages

    India Physical Features

    Uploaded by

    Shreya Maheshwari
    The document discusses the physical features of India, including the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Deccan Plateau, Thar Desert, and Coastal Plains. It provides details on the location and characteristics of each feature.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    Which countries do they

    belong to ?
    Pakistan
    India
    Nepal
    Pakistan
    India
    Learning • To examine the physical features of India
    Objective
    How did India get its name?
    • During the invasion of Alexander
    the Great in around 332 BCE the
    Greeks named the region Indos, in
    reference to the Indus River.

    • So, the modern word India is word


    borrowed from the ancient Greeks.
    How many
    physical
    features does
    India have?
    The physical geography of the
    Indian subcontinent includes…
    1. Himalayan Range
    2. Northern Plains
    3. Deccan Plateau
    4. Coastal Plains
    5. Thar Desert
    The Himalayan Mountains.
    • The Himalayas stretch over the northern borders of India.
    • They are loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers of the
    world.
    • They run from west to east direction from Indus to the Brahmaputra.
    • They cover a distance of 2400 Km.
    • Mount Everest, the world's tallest mountain, is located in this range.
    • The Himalayas protect India from cold and dry winds of Central Asia.
    They also prevent the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean from
    crossing over to Northern countries and cause heavy rainfall in
    Northern India. Many rivers have their sources in the Himalayan ranges.
    • It acted as a barrier between the Ancient Indian civilizations and the
    rest of Asia, providing protection from invasion.
    • The Himalayas are divided into three parallel ranges.
    • Himadri – The Greater Himalayas
    • Himachal – The Lesser Himalayas
    • Shiwaliks - The Outer Himalayas
    • The Gomal and Khyber Passes in the
    north-west were used by invaders
    over many centuries to enter the
    Indus River valleys and the India
    plateaus.
    • Other passes through the Chitral
    Valley and through the Karakorum
    Mountains allowed communication
    and trade with Central Asia over the
    valuable Silk Road or routes.
    The Northern Plains
    • The Northern plains lie south of the
    Himalayan foothills.
    • They stretch from Punjab in the west to
    Assam in the east.
    • It is considered to be one of the world’s
    most fertile and densely populated plains.
    • The plain is formed by the deposition of
    alluvium from three river systems – the
    Satluj, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
    • They are extremely fertile and produces
    most of the country’s food grains.
    • They extend into Pakistan in the west,
    where it is called the Indus plain.
    The Great Indian Desert
    • The Great Indian Desert or the Thar Desert is located in
    western Rajasthan.
    • This desert also extends into Pakistan.
    • Since it receives very little rainfall, it is dry, sandy plain
    with extensive sand dunes and very little or no vegetation.
    • Due to the arid climate and sandy soil, this area cannot
    support much economic activity except for some nomadic
    herding, animal rearing and cultivation of crops that suited
    to the climate.
    The Peninsular
    Plateau
    • Oldest physical feature of India.
    • The Peninsular Plateau of India is made of
    igneous and metamorphic rocks. The plateau
    is divided into two main divisions—the
    Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.
    • Because of the limited supply of water in the
    South, agriculture in the southern peninsula
    depends greatly on systems of irrigation.
    • Volcanic rock of the Deccan plateau in the
    South was used to build temples and other
    structures.
    Coastal Plains
    • Both the east and the west of the Peninsular
    Plateau are the Coastal Plains.
    Western Coastal Plains
    • As Western Ghats are quite close to the
    Arabian Sea,
    • They are narrow with rocky cliffs and an
    individual coastline.
    • No large rivers cross this plain.
    • The northern half of this plain is called the
    Konkan Coast will the southern half is called
    the Malabar coast.
    Eastern Coastal Plain
    • It is a broad coastal plain which lies between
    the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
    • It is known as Coromandel coast in the south.
    • The plain drains many peninsular rivers, that
    have formed their deltas here and is
    extremely fertile.

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