MMW Lesson 11 Week 11 System of Linear Inequalities
MMW Lesson 11 Week 11 System of Linear Inequalities
Lesson 11 Week 11
Topic: SYSTEM OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES
INTRODUCTION:
Solving Systems of Linear Inequalities
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
CONTENT:
We all know from the previous lesson that the graph of a linear equation separates the
coordinate plane into three sets of points: point on the line, points above the line, and points
below the line. The regions above and below the line are called half-planes. The line is called
the boundary of each half-plane.
You can write an equation for the graph of a line when certain characteristics of the line
are given. Example: What is the equation of this line?
• Find the y-intercept, b. The point where the line crosses the y-axis. b = 1
3
• Find the slope, m = 2 . The slope of a line is a measure of its steepness.
3
Write the equation: y = mx + b y=2x+1 2y = 3x + 1
A system of linear inequalities is a set of two or more linear inequalities containing two
or more variables. The solutions of a systems of linear inequalities consists of all the ordered
pairs that satisfy all the linear inequalities in the system and the graph of the linear inequality is
the graph of all solutions of the system.
Basically, there are five inequality symbols used to represent equations of inequality.
These are: is less than (<), is greater than (>), is less than or equal to (≤), is greater than or
equal to (≥), and the is not equal to symbols (≠). Inequalities are used to compare numbers and
determine the range or ranges of values that satisfy the conditions of a given variable.
The graphs of inequalities are shown by shading. If the inequality uses < or >, the
boundary line is not part of the graph and is drawn as a dashed or broken line. This is called an
open half-plane. If the inequality uses ≤ or ≥, the boundary line is part of the graph and is
drawn as a solid line. This is called a closed half-plane.
1. Write the given inequality as an equivalent inequality that has y alone on one side.
Example: -3x + 2y ≤ 6 -3x + 2y = 6
3
2. Change the equation into y = mx + b form: y = 2 x + 3
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 3
3. Graph the line. Start with y-intercept: (0, 3) Slope = =2
𝑟𝑢𝑛
Treat the inequality as a linear equation and graph the line as either a solid line or a
dashed line depending on the inequality sign. If the inequality sign does not contain an equal
sign (< or >), then draw it as a dashed line. If the inequality sign has an equal sign (≤ or ≥), then
draw the line as a solid line.
4. Test the inequality with the point (0, 0).
Example: -3x + 2y ≤ 6; -3(0) + 2(0) ≤ 6; 0 – 0 ≤ 16; 0≤6 True
5. Shade the region that satisfies the inequality. If true, then the region containing the (0, 0)
will be shaded. Otherwise, if false then the region containing the (0, 0) is not to be
shaded.
7. The solution set of our example will be the region of the inequality.
3
s. s. = {(x, y) | y ≤ x + 3}
2
(1) 3x + y > 4
(2) -2x + y < - 6
SOLUTION:
Step 1: Write the given inequalities as equivalent equalities that has y alone on one
side. Change (<) or (>) signs to equal (=) signs to be able to find the
equation of the line.
(1) 3x + y > 4 3x + y = 4
(2) y = 2x – 6 b = - 6; m = 2
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 −3
Step 3: Graph the lines. For (1): Start with y-intercept: (0, 4) Slope = =
𝑟𝑢𝑛 1
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 2
For (2): Start with y-intercept: (0, -6) Slope = = Notice that
𝑟𝑢𝑛 1
the points on the lines are not part of the solution set.
Step 6. The solution sets of the system of inequalities are the ordered pairs
contained in the area (colored pink with big letter S) of the overlapped
region. Hence, the solution set of the system of inequality is:
s. s. = {(x, y) | y > -3x + 4} ∩ {(x, y) | y < 2x - 6}
5
y≥ x–5
2
Graph the boundary line for the inequality. Since the inequality
contains an equal sign (≥) the boundary line will be a solid line.
5
y-intercept = - 5, slope = 2 .
Shade the region that satisfies the inequality. Since the inequality states
5
the y must be greater than or equal to (≥) x – 5. The region to be
2
Divide each side by 2. Reverse the order of the inequality to its opposite.
2 −3 6
y> x+2
2 2
−3
Graph the boundary line for the second inequality: y> x+3
2
Since the inequality does not contain an equal sign, the boundary line will
−3
be a dashed line. y-intercept = 3, slope = .
2
Shade the region that satisfies the second inequality. Since the inequality
−3
states that the y is greater than (>) x + 3, then the region to be
2
We are now ready to consider systems of inequalities in two variables. Just like what we
did in solving systems of equations, the solution set of a system of inequalities is the
intersection of the solution sets of the individual inequality of the system. Inasmuch as the
method of solution to be considered is the graphical method, our actual target is to find all
points (x, y) which belong to the graphs of both inequalities.
Thus, we need to draw the graph of the related equations, indicate the region where the
points lie and then determine the intersection of the regions obtained by graphing.
REFERENCES:
Orence, Orlando A. and Mendoza, Marilyn O. (2013) " Exploring Mathematics II." Rex
Bookstore, Incorporated.
Orines, Fernando B., Dilao, Soledad, Bernabe, Julieta G. (2015) " Advanced Algebra –
Trigonometry and Statistics Functional Approach." Vibal Publishing House
Incorporated
Orines, Fernando B., Dilao, Soledad, Bernabe, Julieta G. (2013) "Algebra II –Functional
Approach." Vibal Publishing House Incorporated
Enriquez, Ymas Jr., Patiak, Estuchi, Escalona, and Pelayo (2015), " College Algebra with
Recreational Mathematics," Sta. Monica Printing Corporation