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    Sketching Parabola

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    The document discusses parabolas and their key properties including that a parabola is defined by a quadratic equation, has a vertex which is either the maximum or minimum point, and the formula to find the vertex is (-b/2a, c-b^2/4a) where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the quadratic equation. It also provides examples of graphing parabolas and how changing the coefficient a impacts the shape.

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    Sketching Parabola

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    bc230417582msh
    10 views4 pages
    The document discusses parabolas and their key properties including that a parabola is defined by a quadratic equation, has a vertex which is either the maximum or minimum point, and the formula to find the vertex is (-b/2a, c-b^2/4a) where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the quadratic equation. It also provides examples of graphing parabolas and how changing the coefficient a impacts the shape.

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    The document discusses parabolas and their key properties including that a parabola is defined by a quadratic equation, has a vertex which is either the maximum or minimum point, and the formula to find the vertex is (-b/2a, c-b^2/4a) where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the quadratic equation. It also provides examples of graphing parabolas and how changing the coefficient a impacts the shape.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    10 views4 pages

    Sketching Parabola

    Uploaded by

    bc230417582msh
    The document discusses parabolas and their key properties including that a parabola is defined by a quadratic equation, has a vertex which is either the maximum or minimum point, and the formula to find the vertex is (-b/2a, c-b^2/4a) where a, b, and c are the coefficients of the quadratic equation. It also provides examples of graphing parabolas and how changing the coefficient a impacts the shape.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    A parabola is a graph of a quadratic equation (function) in the form:

    , where the domain for x is all


    real numbers, and a ≠ 0.

    Now a parabola will look like a U, either right-side-up or upside-down. Although it is


    curved, there will be a vertex. This is going to be either the minimum point, or the
    maximum one.

    This is an example:

    Since you have solved quadratic equations before, you know that when you solve for x
    (and y = 0)

    (i) you get two real number solutions,


    (ii) no real number solutions,

    (iii) or one real number solution.

    The solutions to that equation are the x-intercepts of the equation's graph (because y =
    0). If you changed y from 0 to other things, you would eventually get infinitely many
    two x-coordinate points, and just one x-coordinate point (the vertex, because the x
    coordinates are the SAME). If you got one solution, consider yourself lucky, because
    you already found the vertex. For any other value of y besides that of the vertex, you will
    have 0 or 2 solutions.

    Example:

    For an example, let's find the x-intercepts of


    Solution: Set y equal to 0, to find the x-intercepts. Now you have . The
    trinomial can be factored into (x + 5)(x - 1). Therefore the solutions are x = -5 and 1.
    These are the x-intercepts.

    However, one goes about doing this slightly differently when graphing a quadratic
    equation than when solving one. It is actually easier. The x-coordinate of the vertex is
    going to be the average of two x-coordinates with the same y-coordinate, because the U
    is symmetrical, with the line of symmetry being the line with the x-coordinate of the
    vertex. Find the x-coordinate of the vertex of the equation above.
    (-5 + 1)/2 = -4/2 = -2

    Now that we have the x-coordinate, we have to find y. To do this, substitute the value
    you got for x into the equation to get y. So now find y, and then list your vertex's
    coordinates.
    (-2)2 + 4(-2) - 5 = y
    4-8-5=y
    -9 = y
    (-2, -9)

    But we don't always want to do that rigorous work to find the vertex, nor the x-
    coordinates of any other point. So the formula to find the vertex of a quadratic equation
    is:

    Why? Because of this:


    Take one of the most basic forms of a quadratic equation.
    ax2 + bx = 0
    x(ax + b) = 0
    x = 0 or ax + b = 0
    x = 0 or x = -b/a
    The two x intercepts are 0 and -b/a.
    Find the average of them: (0 + -b/a)/2 = (-b/a)/2 = -b/2a

    Graphing of Parabola:

    When graphing a parabola, it is not always necessary to graph them exactly. If you do
    not need exact coordinates, you can sketch parabolas. The basic parabola, y = x2, looks
    like this :
    In the left graph, the value of a = 1, b = 0, and c = 0. The vertex is at (0,0) and the
    parabola opens upward. First, look at the value of a. If it is negative, the parabola looks
    like the one on the below.

    If the value of a is made larger or smaller (as in made 5 or 0.5), the parabola also
    changes.
    a is larger,

    a is smaller.

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