Cry of Pugad Lawin

Cry of
balintawak or
Pugad lawin
When and where did it really happened?
Lecture Agenda
01 02 03
History Primary sources Understanding
An explanation of what Discuss the different authors Understand the importance of

happened in the cry of who claimed to where the the event.
balintawak or pugad lawin. event really happened.
cry of balintawak
Or
cry of pugad lawin?

EVENTS PRIOR TO THE CRY
January 20, 1872 July 3, 1892

Febuary 17, 1872
July 7, 1892 December 30, 1896

what does cry means?
DEFINITION OF THE CRY
The word “cry” comes from the Spanish el grito de rebelion (cry of rebellion) or
el grito for short. This strictly refers to a decision or call to revolt. It doesn’t
necessarily mean shouting, unlike the Filipino term Sigaw.
Originally the term “cry” referred to the first clash between the members of
Katipunan and the Civil Guards (Guardia Civil).
The cry could also refer to the tearing up of cedulas (community tax certificates)
in resistance to Spanish government.
The cry can also be referred to in the inscriptions of “Viva la Independencia

Filipina” which was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts.
The Philippine Revolution against over 300 years of
Spanish rule began with Andrés Bonifacio, leader of the
Katipunan, a secret revolutionary society that sought
independence for the Philippines from Spanish colonial
rule.
In August 1896, Katipuneros led by Andrés Bonifacio

rose up in revolt by tearing up their “cedulas” which
became a sign of enslavement of the Filipinos. This
event officially regarded as the start of the Philippine
Revolution against Spain with the use of violence and
arms.
tearing of cedulas
Bonifacio and his fellows were planning a nationwide revolt for
independence. This led to an event called the 'Cry of Pugad Lawin',
where revolutionaries took part in a mass tearing of cedulas
(community tax certificates), symbolizing their fight against Spain.
The Cry is also defined as the "birth of the Filipino nation state".
It involves the setting up of a national insurgent government.
This was called as the Haring Bayang Katagalugan.

This controversy remains
unsolvded
Five (5) dates for the cry:
August 20,23,24,25,&26
Five (5) different venues:

Balintawak, Pugad Lawin, kangkong, Bahay toro, and
Pasong Tamo.
accounts as to when and
where the first cry
happened
dr. Pio valenzuela “Cry of Pugad lawin”
In 1935, Pio Valenzuela along with Briccio Pantas and

Enrique Pacheco said "The first Cry of the revolution did
not happen in Balintawak where the monument is, but in
a place called Pugad Lawin."
It was at Pugad Lawin, the house, store-house, and

yard of Juan Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino,
where over 1,000 members of the Katipunan met
and carried out considerable debate and
discussion on August 23, 1896.
The discussion was on whether or not the

revolution against the Spanish government should
be started on August 29, 1896... After the
tumultuous meeting, many of those present tore
their cedula certificates and shouted "Long live
the Philippines! Long live the Philippines!"
Valenzuela Idea:
In 1940, a research team of a forerunner of the National Historical Institute (NHI) which
included Valenzuela, identified the location as part of sitio Gulod, Banlat, Kalookan City
In 1964, the NHI described this location as the house of Tandang Sora
The first place of refuge of Andres Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Procopio, Bonifacio, Teodoro
Plata, Aguedo del Rosario, and myself was Balintawak, the first five arriving there on August 19,
and I on August 20, 1896,
The first place where some 500 members of the Katipunan met on August 22, 1896, was the
house and yard of Apolonio Samson at Kangkong. Aside from the persons mentioned above,
among those who were there were Briccio Pantas, Alejandro Santiago, Ramon Bernardo,
Apolonio Samson, and others. Here, views were only exchanged, and no resolution was debated
or adopted.
santiago alvarez “cry of bahay
toro”
According to Santiago Alvarez, a Katipunero and the son of Mariano
Alvarez, the Cavite Magdiwang faction's leader, the Cry happened on
August 24, 1896, near Bahay Toro, which is now in Quezon City. He
made this claim in 1927.
Santiago Alvarez was also a relative of Gregoria de Jesus (wife of

Andres Bonifacio. Un like Masangkay, Samson and Valenzuela,
Alvarez was not an eyewitness of the historic event. As a result,
this version of him is not given of equal value as compared with
the other versions for authors of the accounts.
The Cry of Bahay Toro was a pivotal event in the Philippine

Revolution against the Spanish colonial rule and was
commanded by Andres Bonifacio and members of the Katipunan
secret society.
alvarez’s idea:
Sunday, August 23, 1896, as early as 10 o’clock in the morning, at the barn of Kabesang
Melchora, at a place called Sampalukan, barrio of Bahay Toro, Katipuneros met together. About
500 of these arrived, ready to join the “Supremo” Andres Bonifacio and his men.
Monday, August 24, 1896, there was about 1,000 Katipuneros.
The “Supremo” decided to hold a meeting inside the big barn. Under his leadership, the
meeting began at 1o 0'clock in the morning.
It was around 12 o’clock noon when the meeting adjourned amidst loud cries of “LONG LIVE
THE SONS OF THE COUNTRY” (Mabuhay ang mga Anak ng Bayan)
gregoria de jesus version
of first cry
Gregoria De Jesus was the wife of Andres Bonifacio and
known as Lakambini of the Katipunan. She was also the
mother of the Philippine revolution.
She began her revolutionary work very young, at the age of

18 and later became the custodian of secret documents,
seal and weapons of the Katipunan.
She was one of the 4 children of Nicolas De Jesus and

Baltazara Alvarez Francisco. When the Katipunan was
discovered, Gregoria and Bonifacio returned immediately
to Caloocan.
greforia de jesus’s idea:
In order to list the list down the events that occured throughout her life, Gregoria De Jesus
wrote the “Mga Tala ng Aking Buhay” in 1932 wherein it includes the happenings at the time of
the Katipunan’s Revolution towards the Spanish Authorities.
The first cry of the revolution transpired near Caloocan on August 25, 1896.
According to her version, Bonifacio and his men gathered in the hills of Balintawak for the war
of liberation.
The activities of the Katipunan reached nearly all corners of the Philippine Archipelago, so that
when its existence was discovered and some of the members arrested, they can immediately
return to Caloocan.
guillermo masangkay the “cry of
balintawak”
This version is written by the Katipunan General Guillermo Masangkay. He is
an eyewitness of the historic event and a childhood friend of Bonifacio.
Guillermo Masangkay’s account In 1932, Guillermo Masangkay, a friend

and a fellow Katipunero of Andres Bonifacio, recounted his experiences
as a member of revolutionary movement in an interview with the
Sunday Tribune Magazine, Masangkay said that the first cry happened
in Balintawak on August 26,1896.
.On August 26th, a big meeting was held in Balintawak, at the house of
Apolonio Samson, then cabeza of that barrio of Caloocan. Among those
who attended, I remember, were Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto, Aguedo del
Rosario, Tomas Remigio, Briccio Pantas, Teodoro Plata, Pio Valenzuela,
Enrique Pacheco, and Francisco Carreon. They were all leaders of the
Katipunan and composed the board of directors of the organization.
Delegates from Bulacan, Cabanatuan, Cavite, and Morong were also
present.
guillermo masangkay’s idea:
At about nine o'clock in the morning of August 26, the meeting was opened with Andres Bonifacio
presiding and Emilio Jacinto acting as Secretary
In August 1896, after the Katipunan was discovered, Masangkay joined Bonifacio, Emilio Jacinto,
and others in a clandestine meeting held on the 26th of that month at Apolonio Samson's house
in Caloocan.
Teodoro Plata [Bonifacio’s brother-in-law – Z.], Briccio Pantas, and Pio Valenzuela were all
opposed to starting the revolution too early.
The leaders of the movement quarreled over strategy and tactics, and many of its members
questioned the wisdom of an open rebellion due to the lack of arms and logistical support.
However, after Bonifacio's intense and convincing speech, everyone destroyed their cedulas to
symbolize their defiance towards Spain and, together, raised the cry of "Revolt".
Why balintawak and why not pugad
lawin?
Why balintawak?
Some accounts pointing directly to Balintawak are associated with 'The Cry'. Lt. Olegario Diaz of
the Spanish Civil Guards wrote in 1896 that the event happened in Balintawak, which
corroborates the accounts of the historian Gregorio Zaide and Teodoro Kalaw.
Reasons why not pugad lawin

People of Balintawak initiated the revolution against the Spaniards that is why it is not
appropriate to call it 'Cry of Pugad Lawin'.
The place Pugad Lawin only existed in 1953 after the rebellion happened in 1896. Lastly,
The term 'Pugad Lawin' was only made up because of the hawk's nest at the top of a tall tree at
the backyard of Tandang Sora in Banlat, Gulod, Kaloocan where it is said to be one of the hiding
places of the revolutionary group led by Andres Bonifacio.
Resolution
Teodoro Agoncillo (Filipino Historian) used his considerable influence and campaigned for a
change in the recognized site to Pugad Lawin and the date 23 August 1896. In 1963, the
National Heroes Commission (a forerunner of the NHI), without formal consultations or
recommendations to President Macapagal.
Consequently, President Macapagal ordered that the Cry of Balintawak be called the "Cry of
Pugad Lawin," and that it be celebrated on 23 August instead of 26 August. The 1911 monument
in Balintawak was later removed to a highway.
Cry of Pugad lawin
Based from the claims formed and supported by the corresponding
evidences, it has been concluded that the Cry of Pugad Lawin happened on
August 23, 1896 since such notion coincides with the indisputable and
historical artifacts presented. The testimony of Pio Valenzuela may have been
inconsistent at first but this was because he was under duress during his trial
under the Spanish court. His testimony and statement along with other KKK
veterans Pantas and Pacheco is enough to authenticate and verify the
mentioned issue in Philippine history. Teodoro Agoncilio's account became
the basis of the current stance of the Philippine government. In 1963,
President Diosdado Macapagal ordered the official commemorations shifted to
Pugad ng, Quezon City on August 23 (1998).
Cry of Pugad lawin
The annual observance of the first “Cry of Balintawak”
01
was held nationwide every August 26, centered in
Balintawak, Quezon City, until the date was moved. Since
1963,
02 via the virtue of Proclamation No. 149, s. 1963,
President Diosdado Macapagal declared every 23rd of
August a special public holiday in Quezon City. Another
03
Proclamation by then President Ferdinand Marcos in 1971
included the City of Caloocan in the celebration. Hence,
citizens of the mentioned cities and other katipunan-
minded citizens remember this momentous event as the
Cry of Pugad lawin.
Sources
https://geronatarlac.gov.ph/why-august-a-significant-
month-in-philippine-history/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/73727222/balintawak-
01
evidencesdocx/
https://dbpedia.org/page/Gregoria_de_Jes%C3%BAs
https://www.pna.gov.ph/opinion/pieces/739-debate-on-
02
the-date-and-place-of-1896-cry-for-ph-freedom
03
04
Thank you for
listening!

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Cry of

History Primary sources Understanding

An explanation of what Discuss the different authors Understand the importance of

cry of pugad lawin?

January 20, 1872 July 3, 1892

July 7, 1892 December 30, 1896

The cry can also be referred to in the inscriptions of “Viva la Independencia

In August 1896, Katipuneros led by Andrés Bonifacio

It involves the setting up of a national insurgent government.

This was called as the Haring Bayang Katagalugan.

Five (5) different venues:

In 1935, Pio Valenzuela along with Briccio Pantas and

It was at Pugad Lawin, the house, store-house, and

The discussion was on whether or not the

Santiago Alvarez was also a relative of Gregoria de Jesus (wife of

The Cry of Bahay Toro was a pivotal event in the Philippine

Monday, August 24, 1896, there was about 1,000 Katipuneros.

She began her revolutionary work very young, at the age of

She was one of the 4 children of Nicolas De Jesus and

Guillermo Masangkay’s account In 1932, Guillermo Masangkay, a friend

Reasons why not pugad lawin

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