Mathematics Language and Symbols

Mathematical Language and
Symbols
Prof. Len Guevarra

Review
MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

TOPIC I
MATHEMATICS
● It is a branch of science
● Numbers and Its Operations
● Exact, Precise, systematic and
Logical subject
Importance
● Mathematics REVEALS
● Mathematics DELIGHTS
● Mathematics is USEFUL
Fibonacci Sequence and the Golden
Ratio
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tv6Ej6JVho
Mathematical Language and
Symbols
Objectives
•Nature of Mathematics as Language

•Translate Word or Sentences into
Mathematical Symbols
•Apply the Mathematical Language
involving the four basic concept
HOW IMPORTANT IS A
LANGUAGE?
SCENARIO
What is a language?
A language is a systematic means of
communicating by the use of sounds or
conventional symbols.
● It is the code we all used to express
ourselves and communicate to others.
● It is also a system of words used in
particular discipline.
Mathematical Language and Symbols
Another nature of mathematics.

Core Idea
Like any language, mathematics has its own

symbols, syntax and rules.
Topic 2 – Mathematical Language and Symbols
Sub Topics:
1. Characteristics of Mathematical Language.
2. Conventions in the Mathematical Language:
Expression versus Sentence.
3. Four Basic Concepts (Sets, Relations, Functions,
and Binary Operations).
4. Elementary Logic (Connectives, Quantifiers,
Negations and Variables).
Lesson objectives
After the end of the lesson, students will be able to
1. Discuss the language, symbols and conventions of
mathematics.
2. Explain the nature of mathematics as a
language.
3. Acknowledge that mathematics is a useful
language.
4. Compare and contrast expressions and
sentences.
Lesson objectives
5. Identify and discuss the four basic concepts
in mathematical language.
6. List and discuss some basic operations on logic
and logical formalities.
7. Perform operations on mathematical
expressions correctly.
Components of a language
A Ḻanguage has the following components:
1. Ṽocabulary of symbols or words.
2. Grammar or ṟules of how these symbols are
ṷsed.
3. Ḉommunity of people who use and understand
these symbols.
4. Ṟange of meanings that can be communicated
with these symbols.
Mathematical
Language
Mathematics as a language
Like other languages, Mathematics has
1. Vocabulary of symbols.
2. Grammar (principles that govern the correct
use of a language).
3. Syntax (the part of the grammar that
concerns rules of word order).
4. Synonyms.
Like other languages, Mathematics has
5. Negations.
6. Conventions.
7. Abbreviations.
8. Sentence structure.
Mathematical Symbols
Elements of Mathematical Language and
commonly used symbols
Synonyms
Numbers are the most common type of mathematical
expression. A particular number may have different
names.
For example, the number five has lots of different names
such as
2 + 3 10 ÷ 2 (8 ÷ 2) + 1 1 + 1 + 1 +
1 + 1
and so on...
Conventions
A mathematical convention is a fact, name,
notation or usage which is generally agreed upon
by mathematicians.
For example, one evaluates multiplication before
addition following the principle of PEMDAS.
Negations ~
The negation of a false statement is a true
statement while the negation of a true statement is a
false statement.
For instance, “No doctors write in a legible manner.”
Negation: Some doctors write in a legible manner.

Negation: There exists at least one doctor who writes
in a legible manner.
Abbreviations
A shortened form of a word or phrase.
Example,
PEMDAS - Parentheses, Exponent,
Multiplication, Division, Addition and Subtraction
Characteristics of
language of
Mathematics
Characteristics of a Mathematical Language
The use of language in Mathematics differs from

the language of ordinary speech in the following
ways.
1. Mathematics language is non-temporal.
2. Mathematics language is devoid of emotional
content.
3. Mathematics language is precise.
4. Mathematics language is concise.
5. Mathematics language is powerful.
● Mathematics language is non-temporal.

There is no past, present, or future in
mathematics. Everything just is.
● Mathematics language is devoid of emotional

content.
Although informally mathematicians tend to
enliven their speech with phrases.
● Mathematics language is precise.

Able to make very fine distinctions.
Precision in mathematics is like a culture of
being correct all the time.
Definition and limits should be distinction.
● Mathematics language is concise.

Able to say things briefly or shows
simplicity.
Giving a lot of information clearly and in few
words. Brief but comprehensive.
● Mathematics language is powerful.

Able to express complex thoughts with relative
ease.
The language of mathematics can be learned, but

requires the efforts needed to learn any foreign
language.
Conventions in
Mathematics Language:
Expressions
Versus
Sentences
Comparison between English and Mathematics Language
English Language Mathematics Language

Nouns and Sentences Expressions and Sentences
Nouns are used to name An expression is a name
things we want to talk given to a mathematical
about (like people, places, object of interest while a
and things) while sentences mathematical sentence
are used to state complete must state a complete
thoughts. thoughts.
Ideas about Mathematical Expressions and Sentences
Mathematical Expression Mathematical Sentence

● Numbers have lots of ● Sentences have verbs.
different names.
=,
For example, the number five
● Truth of ṣentences.
5 2 + 3 10 ÷ 2 (8 ÷ 2)
+1 Sentences ḉan be true
and 1+1+1+1+1 or false.
The expression 5 is called

Comparison between English and Mathematics
Languages
English Language Mathematics Language
Nouns Expressions
Ex: Ferdie, Caloocan, book Ex:5 , 2+7, 10x5
Sentences
Sentences
Ex: The capital of the
Ex: 2+4=6
Philippines is Manila.
5+3=9
The capital of the
Philippines is Caloocan.
Thank you

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Mathematical Language and

Prof. Len Guevarra

MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

•Nature of Mathematics as Language

Another nature of mathematics.

Like any language, mathematics has its own

Negation: Some doctors write in a legible manner.

The use of language in Mathematics differs from

● Mathematics language is non-temporal.

● Mathematics language is devoid of emotional

● Mathematics language is precise.

● Mathematics language is concise.

● Mathematics language is powerful.

The language of mathematics can be learned, but

English Language Mathematics Language

Mathematical Expression Mathematical Sentence

The expression 5 is called

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