P Watsaru 1st Oct 2022

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df© 22do / A§H$ 11dm / qH$. 25 é.

/ 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022
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59/64, H$m¡ñVw^ AnmQ>©‘|Q>, XþH$mZ Z§. 7 E, H$g~m noR>, ’$Ur Amir Vmb‘rOdi, nwUo 411011
^«. 9763206212 B‘ob … pwatsaru@yahoo.com do~gmB©Q> : www.pvatsaru.com
dJ©UrMo Xa … dm{f©H$ … 600 é., Ì¡dm{f©H$ … 1,600 é., Xedm{f©H$ … 5,000 é., gm°âQ> H$m°nrgmR>r dm{f©H$ 200 é.,
gm°âQ> + N>mnrb 700 é. darb nζmda B© ‘Zr Am°S>©a, MoH$ qH$dm {S>‘m§S> S´>mâQ>Zo dJ©Ur nmR>dmdr. "n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$' ¶m ZmdmZo
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~±H$ Am°’$ B§{S>¶m, ’$½¶w©gZ H$m°boO amoS> emIm, nwUo & ~MV ImVo … Pariwartanacha Vatsaru
~MV ImVo H«$. … 051410110013969 & Am¶E’$Eggr H«$. … BKID0000514 & E‘Am¶grAma H«$. … 411013014
Google Pay gmR>rMm ‘mo~mB©b Z§~a … 8888708963 & ¶wnrAm¶ no‘|Q>gmR>r da ~maH$moS> {Xbm Amho.
*nr. Ama. ~r. H$m¶ÚmZwgma g§nmXH$s¶ O~m~Xmar
ISSN: 2250-3145

¶wOrgr Ho$Aa J«wn 1>‘ܶo "n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$' nm{jH$mMm ‘pëQ>{S>{gpßbZar ¶m H$moQ>rH«$‘m§VJ©V g‘mdoe Ho$bm Amho.

n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 3


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dmgmh{VH$ gÎmoZo eŠ` Ho$boë`m ‘m’$H$ CXma‘VdmXmda ^Q>, Omoer, CnmÜ`o BË`m{XH$ bmoH$m§À`m Xmñ`ËdmnmgyZ
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n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 5
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bmdÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. AmOMm e¡j{UH$ {dH$mg hm bm|~H$iV nS>bobm Amho Am{U Zdm gwQ>bobm Zmhr!
A§eV: `m MidirMm n[anmH$ Amho. gË`emoYH$m§Zr S>mdonU Am{U S>mì`m§Zr gË`emoYH$s ~mUm
’w$ë`m§Zm gm‘«mÁ`dmXmVrb A§V{d©amoY g‘Obm ZìhVm, ZmH$maë`m‘wio n[adV©ZmMo MmH$ {Zåå`mdaM éVbo.
Agm Amamon Jmo. nw. XoenmS>çm§Zr Ho$bobm Amho. gË`emoYH$ gË`emoYH$ g‘mOmÀ`m `m XrS>eoì`m dfm©V hr J{Vê$ÕVm
g‘mOmZo EH$mMdoir OmË`§VmMr Am{U g‘mOdmXr H«$m§Vr ^oXbr OmÊ`mMm {dMma ìhmdm.
H$amdr, Aer Anojm H$aUo MwH$sMo hmoVo. OmË`§Vm{edm` 
^maV hm dJ©g‘mO hmoUma Zmhr Am{U dJu` emofUmMm {Xbrn MìhmU
àíZ hm OmVr` emofUmÀ`m A§Vm{edm` gmoS>{dVm `oUma àmܶmnH$,
Zmhr, `mMo gw`mo½` ^mZ ’w$ë`m§Zm hmoV.o AmYw{ZH$ dmgmh{VH$ ñdm‘r am‘mZ§X VrW© ‘amR>dmS>m {dÚmnrR>, Zm§XoS>
^m§S>dbr gÎmoZo {Z‘m©U Ho$boë`m AdH$memV ’w$bo OwÝ`m dilipchavan@gmail.com

gm‘§Vr ì`dñWoÀ`m {ZamgmMr V`mar H$arV hmoVo. Var,

6 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$


g‘gm‘m{¶H$ A`moÜ`oVrb am‘OÝ‘^y‘r-~m~ar ‘erX dmX g‘má Pmë`mZ§Va Ago
dmQ>bo hmoVo H$s, AmVm Var ‘§{Xa ‘erX dmX `m XoemV nwÝhm CnOUma
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‘{eXr~m~V {XdmUr Ý`m`mb`m§g‘moarb XmoZ àH$aUm§‘wio nwÝhm ‘§{Xa
‘erX dmXmbm Vm|S> ’w$Q>bo Amho. A`moÜ`o‘Ü`o qhXwËddmXr g‘yhmH$Sy>Z
~m~ar Vo Oo Ý`m`mb`rZ V§Ì dmnaÊ`mV Ambo VoM V§Ì dmamUgr‘Ü`o gwÕm
dmnabo OmV Amho. A`moÜ`m d dmamUgr‘Yrb ho Ý`m`mb`rZ V§Ì
kmZì¶mnr - g‘OyZ KoÊ`mAmYr 1981 gmbr Vm{‘iZmSy>Vrb ‘rZmjrnya‘‘Yrb
EH$ KQ>Zm g‘OyZ KoUo JaOoMo Amho.
ݶm¶mb¶m§Mr ‘rZmjrnya‘Mo Y‘mªVa Am{U Ym{‘©H$ Y«wdrH$aU
g§{X½Y ^y{‘H$m 1981 gmbr Vm{‘iZmSy>Vrb ‘rZmjrnya‘ Jmdm‘Yrb 150 Vo
400 X{bV Hw$Qw>§~m§Zr qhXy Y‘© gmoSy>Z Bñbm‘ ñdrH$mabm. gdU©
qhXy§À`m AË`mMmambm H§$Q>miyZ g‘Vm d g‘Vm ^oQ>mdr åhUyZ ho
{ZVre gm‘y{hH$ Y‘mªVa hmoV.o `m KQ>ZZo o qhXwËddmXr g§KQ>Zm§Mo Ym~o XUmUbo.
ZdgmJao {díd qhXy n[afX d Am`© g‘mOmZo ‘rZmjrnya‘ `oWo fact finding
H${‘Q>r nmR>dbr. AQ>b {~hmar dmOno¶tZr gwÕm ‘rZmjrnya‘bm ^oQ>
{Xbr. qhXwËddmXr g§KQ>Zm§Zr Or ‘m{hVr {‘idbr Ë`mAmYmao Vo XmoZ
{ZîH$fm©dVu nmohmoMbo. EH$ åhUOo qhXy g‘mOmbm EH$Ì Ho$bo nm{hOo
Am{U Xwgao åhUOo Bñbm‘H$Sy>Z qhXy§À`m Y‘©n[adV©ZmMr ^rVr Amho.
7 d 8 E{àb 1984 ¶m XmoZ {Xder {X„r `oWrb {dkmZ ^dZ `oWo
{díd qhXy n[afXoÀ`m ZoVË¥ dmImbr qhXy gmYy g§Vm§Mr Y‘©gg§ X Am`mo{OV
H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. `m Y‘© g§gXo‘Ü`o qhXy§À`m gmR>r EH$ AmXe©
AmMma g§{hVm AmIÊ`mV Ambr. VgoM H$mer, ‘Wwam d A`moÜ`m
hr {VÝhr qhXy§Mr Ym{‘©H$ ñWio nwÝhm qhXy§À`m Vmã`mV KoÊ`mMm R>amd
Pmbm. X{bV d ‘mJmgdJu` g‘mOmbm qhXy Y‘m©‘Ü`o {Q>H$dyZ
R>odÊ`mgmR>r qhXy§Zm H$m`©H«$‘ XoUo JaOoMo hmoVo. åhUyZ {XdmUr
Ý`m`mbm`mVrb ~m~ar ‘ñOrX dmXmbm amOH$s` ñdê$n XoÊ`mMo
R>adÊ`mV Ambo. `m Y‘© g§gXo‘Ü`o `wdamO H$aU qgJ `m§Zr ^mfU
Ho$bo. A`moÜ`oVrb am‘ OÝ‘ ^y‘rV qhXy {Xdo noQ>dy eH$V Zmhr hr
{H$Vr ea‘oMr ~m~ Amho Ooìhm H$s 80% g‘wXm` qhXy Amho, ho
bo I H$ nw U o p ñWV Am¶. Eb. Eg. {dYr H$aU qgJMo dº$ì` hmoVo. Ama. Eg. Eg. d {díd qhXy n[afXoZo Z§Va
‘hm{dÚmb¶mV àmܶmnH$ AmhoV. ‘§{Xa- ‘erX hm ‘wÔm Xoe^a ngadbm.
nawsagaray@gmail.com

n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 7


A`moÜ`oVrb ~m~ar ‘{eXrMm dmX d Ý`m`mb` Or AOyZhr àb§{~V Amho. ho àH$aU "Ho$g Z§ 610/
1990À`m XeH$mV am‘OÝ‘ ^y ‘ r-~m~ar 1991 EH$ àm{V{Z{YH$ IQ>bm ([aàoPoÝQ>o{Q>d gyQ>)
‘{eXrMm dmX amOH$s` nQ>bmda `oÊ`mAJmoXa Vmo Amho. "àmMrZ ‘yVu© ñd`§^y ^JdmZ {dídoída d BVa
Ý`m`mb`m‘Ü`o gwê$ Pmbm. gZ 1949‘Ü`o am‘mMr {déÕ A§Ow‘Z B§VOm{‘`m ‘gm{OX d BVa' Ago `m
‘yVu JyT>nUo ~m~ar ‘{eXr‘Ü`o R>do Ê`mV Ambr. Ë`mZ§Va IQ>ë`mMo Zmd Amho . 1919 gmbr hm Xmdm
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hmoVo. na§Vw 1986‘Ü`o, `m dmXmer g§~§Y Zgboë`m Mm¡Wo dmXr ho ñdV… "ñd`§^y ^JdmZ {dídoída' AmhoV.
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AYrjH$ `m§Zr gm§{JVbo. 1986À`m AmXoem‘wio ~m~ar EH$ ‘§{Xa ~m§Ybo, VoM AmVm H$mer {dídZmW ‘§{Xa
‘{eXrVrb Hw$byn CKS>bo Jobo, Ë`mAmYr A`moÜ`m åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVo. `m{MH$mH$Ë`m©Zo Xmì`m‘Ü`o
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‘m{hVr ZìhVr. 1986‘Ü`o CÎma àXoemVrb {Oëhm EH$ ‘hÎdmMm ^mJ hr ‘yi ‘§{XamMr ‘mb‘Îmm Amho,
Ý`m`mb`mZo {Xboë`m AmXoem‘wioM nmM dfmªZ§Va 6 Agm Xmdm Ho$bm Amho. VgoM ‘wpñb‘ njmbm qhXyZm
{S>g|~a 1991 amoOr qhXwËddmXr H$m`©H$Ë`mªZr O‘rZ Vmã`mV XoÊ`mV hñVjon H$aÊ`mnmgyZ H$m`‘Mo
A`moÜ`oVrb ~m~ar ‘erX nmS>br. Wm§~dmdo, Aerhr ‘mJUr Ý`m`mb`mV Ho$br Amho.
Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1997‘Ü`o, {XdmUr Ý`m`mb`mZo Agm
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am‘ ‘§{XamMo Am§XmobZ Ooìhm Ë`mÀ`m gdm}ƒ (ñnoeb àmopìhOZ) A°ŠQ>, 1991, H$b‘ 4Zo
{eIamda hmoVo, AJXr `mM H$mimV dmamUgrÀ`m à{V~§{YV Ho$bm Amho. `m H$m`ÚmV Ago åhQ>bo Amho
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^º$m§Zr XmIb Ho$bm hmoVm. 1991 gmbr dmamUgrÀ`m AmXoemÀ`m {damoYmV ’o$a{dMma `m{MH$m XmIb
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~m~ar ‘{eXrMr dmXJ«ñV OmJm qhXy njmbm am‘ H$b‘ 4 (1)‘Ü`o Ago åhQ>bo Amho H$s, H$moUË`mhr
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Zmhr. na§Vw dmamUgrVrb gd}jU ho A`moÜ`oVrb amoOr Ogo hmoVo VgoM amIbo OmB©b.
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‘{eXrÀ`m {R>H$mUr A`moÜ`oV am‘ ‘§{Xa ìhmdo, Aer àmW©ZmñWi g‘m{dï> Agob Va Ë`mbm àmW©ZmñWi
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H$moU XoUma? dmamUgr `oWrb Ý`m`mb`mZo Ym{‘©H$ ñWim§Mm H$m`Xm,
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~«m÷U+j{Ì`+d¡í` `m VrZ dUmªVyZ {ZKmboë`m H$ê$Z Ho$bm. na§Vw 1944 gmbr `m OmË`§VH$ dJu`
OmVtZr ~Zbobm Amho. `m OmVr`wÕmV Xwgè¶m njmMo {gÕm§VmnmgyZ ~m~mgmho~m§Zm ’$maH$V ¿`mdr bmJbr.
ZoVË¥ d Añn¥í` H$aVmV d Amo~rgr hm Ë`m§Mm ñdm^m{dH$ dJu` "ñdV§Ì ‘Oya nj' ~aImñV H$ê$Z OmVr`
{‘Ì Amho, Agohr Vo ñnï> H$aVmV. nm`mdaMm "eoS>çwëS> H$mñQ> ’o$S>aoeZ' ñWmnÊ`mVyZ
dJ©ì`dñWm Zï> H$aÊ`mgmR>r emo{fV dJmª‘Ü`o dJ©- OmV-g§ K Q> Z o M m ‘mJ© nËH$amdm bmJbm. `o W y Z
OmUrdm {Z‘m©U hmoUo JaOoMo AgVo. hr dJ©-OmUrd Am§~oS>H$admXmMr ’$gJV gwê$ hmoVo, Vr AmOVmJm`V
BVH$s Vrd« Pmbr nm{hOo H$s, Vr dJ©g§Kfm©bm àd¥Îm gwê$M Amho.
Pmbr nm{hOo. Ë`mgmR>r dJu` g§KQ>Zm C^mamì`m ’w$bodmXmMm e¡j{UH$ {gÕm§Vhr H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho.
bmJVmV. a{e`mV H$m‘Jma g§KQ>Zm§Zr H«$m§Vr Ho$br, ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§À`m {ejU H$m`m©V Ë`m§Mo ~«m÷U {‘Ì
Va MrZ‘Ü`o eoVH$ar g§KQ>ZoZo H«$m§Vr Ho$br. ’w$bodmX d Ë`m§Zm ‘XV H$arV hmoV.o eyÐm{VeyÐm§À`m ‘wbm§Zm OmË`§VH$
‘mŠg©dmX `oWo EH$‘oH$m§er ’$maH$V KoD$Z nwÝhm EH$Ì {ejU {Xbo nm{hOo, Ago ’w$bo åhUV AgVmZm Ë`m§Mo
`oVmZm {XgVmV. Om{Vì`dñWm Zï> H$aÊ`mgmR>r emo{fV ~«m÷U {‘Ì Ë`mg {damoY H$arV hmoVo. ~«m÷U ghH$mar
OmVt‘Ü`o OmV-OmUrdm {Z‘m©U Pmë`m nm{hOoV, {‘Ìm§Zm IS>gmdVm§Zm "{ejU H$emgmR>r' Agm àíZ
na§Vw Ë`mgmR>r OmVr` g§KQ>Zm C^maÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr. ñdV…M CnpñWV H$aVmV d ñdV…M Ë`mMo CÎma XoVmZm
gË`emoYH$ g‘mOmgmaIo gd©OmVr` g§KQ>Z {Z‘m©U åhUVmV-
H$ê$Z à~moYZmÀ`m nmVirda OmV-OmUrdm {Z‘m©U ""...‘mPo åhUUo Ago hmoVo H$s, Ë`m§Zm eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm
H$aUo d Ë`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ Om{Vì`dñWo{déÕ g§Kf© Mm§Jbo àVrMr {dÚm XoD$Z {VOnmgyZ Ë`m§g Amnbo
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 19
~ao dmB©Q> g‘OÊ`mMr eº$s `mdr...'' (‘hmË‘m ’w$bo d¡Mm[aH$ nmVirda EImXo VÎdkmZ Iyn H«$m§{VH$maH$
g‘J« dmL²>‘¶, ‘hmamï´> amÁ` gm{hË` d gm§ñH¥${VH$ Agy eH$Vo; na§Vw g‘mOì`dñWoÀ`m nmVirda Am‘ybmJ«
‘§S>i, ‘w§~B© àH$meZ, gwYm[aV ghmdr Amd¥Îmr, nmZ ~Xb Ë`mVyZ hmoUma Zgob Va Vo VÎdkmZ H$mhr
193) H$mimZ§Va nmoH$i {gÕ hmoVo. OwZr g‘mOì`dñWm
nwT>o Vo ñnï> H$aVmV H$s, ""Mm§Jë`m àVrMr {dÚm {VÀ`m Am§V[aH$ ‘`m©Xm§‘i w o VmUVUmdJ«ñV hmoV AgVo.
KoD$Z eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm ~«m÷Um§À`m nyd©Om§Zr Ho$boë`m Ow Z r CËnmXZì`dñWm Hw § $ R>rV hmo V o . Ë`mVy Z
Amnë`mdarb AÝ`m`mMr OmUrd hmoBb © d Ë`m{damoYmV g‘mOì`dñWo M m ‘w » ` AmYmañV§ ^ Agbo b r
g§Kf© H$aÊ`mMr àoaUmhr {‘iob.'' gd© gaH$mar AW©ì`dñWm pIipIir hmoVo. OwZr g‘mOì`dñWm
emim§‘Ü`o {eH${dÊ`mgmR>r ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Zr "~«m÷UmMo {Z`§{ÌV H$aUmè¶m emofH$-emgH$m§À`m {damoYmV
H$g~' ZmdmMr EH$ d ~iramÁ`mdarb Xwgar Aem emo{fV-emo{fVm§Mm g§Kf© Q>mHo $mbm nmohmoMVmo. `m g§Kfm©Mo
XmoZ Aä`mgH«$‘ nwpñVH$mhr V`ma Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. "na§V,w ’${bV åhUyZ CËnmXZgmYZm§Mm {dH$mg hmoD$Z CËnmXZ
^Q>m§À`m ^`mñVd B§J«Om§Zr `m XmoÝhr nmR>çnwpñVH$m dmT>Vo d `oD$ KmbVoë`m Zì`m g‘mOì`dñWoV AmYrMo
ñdrH$maë`m ZmhrV, Ago nwT>o ñnï> H$aVmV. (Cnamoº$, emo{fV-emo{fV ho nwamoJm‘r R>aVmV d gÎmmYmar ~ZVmV.
nmZ 192) `wamonԆ`o gmԤVemhrVrb Hy$i d H$mamJra ho em{gV
’w$bo-Am§~oS>H$am§Zr àË`j ‘¡XmZr g§Kf© {OVH$m d emo{fV hmoVo, Vo Zì`m ^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr H«$m§Vr‘wio
Ho$bm Ë`mnojm {H$VrVar OmñV nQ>rZo Ë`m§Zr {b{hÊ`mMo CÚmo O H$-^m§ S >dbXma ~Zbo V d CXma‘VdmXr
H$m‘ Ho$bo. gm§ñH¥${VH$ g§Kf© hm B{VhmgmÀ`m nmZm§da bmoH$emhrdmXr (nwamoJm‘r) åhUyZ gÎmmYmar ~ZboV.
A{YH$ Ho$bm OmVmo. H$maU dU©-Om{VA§VmÀ`m g§Kfm©Mo ^maVr` Om{Vì`dñWo‘Ü`o Am‘ybmJ« n[adV©Z
Xwgao Zmd Amho- "gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕ'. `m `wÕmgmR>r H«$m§{VH$maH$ nÕVrZo KS>dyZ AmUÊ`mV ’w$bodmX Hw$R>ohr
Zì`m {nT>rbm V`ma H$am`Mo Agob Va Ë`mgmR>r H$‘r nS>V Zmhr. g‘mOmMo ~«m÷Ur-A~«m÷Ur Ago
emim-H$m°boOmVyZ Vgo g§ñH$ma H$aUmao {ejUhr {Xbo Y¥drH$aU KS>dyZ OwÝ`m ì`dñWoVrb VmUVUmd Vrd«
nm{hOo. H$aUo ho ’w$bodmXmÀ`m AZoH$ H¥$VrH$m`©H«$‘m§n¡H$s EH$
gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmMm {gÕm§V hm ’w$bodmXmMm Jm^m ‘hÎdmMm H$m`©H«$‘ hmoVm. g§Kf© Ho$ë`m{edm` ~«m÷U
Amho. "Jwbm‘{Jar' J«§W {bhÿZ ’w$ë`m§Zr gm§ñH¥${VH$ Amnbo ñd`§Kmo{fV CƒnX gmoS>y Z eyÐm{X A{VeyÐm§gmo~V
`wÕmMo aUqeJ ’w§$H$bo. ~iramOm CËgd, ZdamÌCËgd g‘mZVoMo ì`dhma H$aUma Zmhr, Ago ñnï>nUo ‘hmË‘m
d {edO`§VrCËgd Aem àH$maMo H¥$VrH$m`©H«$‘ XoD$Z ’w$bo gm§JVmV-
~«m÷Ur gm§ñH¥${VH$ à{VH«$m§Vrbm AmìhmZ {Xbo. ...We know perfectly well that Brahmin will not
descent from his self-raised high pedestal and meet
‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Zr nwH$maboë`m `m gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmbm his Kunbee and low castes brethren on an equal
~«m÷Ur N>mdUrZo àË`wÎma XoD$Z `eñdrnUo eh {Xbm. footing without a struggle...''
~iramÁ`m{damoYmV JUnVr C^m Ho$bm d Hw$idmS>r (g‘J« dmL²‘`, Cnamoº$, OmS> R>gm ‘mPm, nmZ-
Hw$b^yfU {edmOrÀ`m {damoYmV Jmo-~«m÷U à{VnmbH$ 134)
{edmOr C^m H$aÊ`mV Ambm. `m gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmÀ`m Om{Vì`dñWoV em{gV d emo{fV Agboë`m
nwT>À`m Q>ßß`mda ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$am§Zr "[aS>ëg eyÐm{VeyÐm§‘Yrb H$ï>H$ar ì`mdgm{`H$m§Zm AmYw{ZH$
BZ qhXyBP‘' {bhÿZ ^S>m¾r {Xbm. V§ÌkmZmMo {ejU XoD$Z Ë`m§À`mVyZ CÚmoOH$ {Z‘m©U
20 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
Ho$bo nm{hOoV, Ago ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo gm§JVmV- A~«m÷Ur N>mdUrVrb ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©Mm Hw$§ R>rV ~m¡{ÕH$
""...`m ~irñWmZmVrb eoVH$è¶m§À¶m emim§{edm` AmdmH$m nmhVm d¡Mm[aH$ H«$m§VrMr Anojm H$aUo
{KgmS>r-bmohma-~Q>B©-gwVma-H$T>B©-Mm§^ma-gmoZma- AeŠ`àm` Amho.
Vm§~Q>-gmir-qenr dJ¡ao H$mamJram§À`m ‘wbm§H$[aVm A°ÊQ>mo{ZAmo J«måer ZmdmMm VÎdkmZr ~w{ÕOrdr
{Za{Zamù`m emim KmbyZ Ë`m‘Ü`o Ë`m gdmªÀ`m dJm©~Ôb ~aoM H$mhr gm§JVmo. ^m§S>dbXma dJ© nJmar
H$g~m§g~§Yr gd© àH$maÀ`m {dÚm {eH${dÊ`mÀ`m H$m‘r ~w{ÕOrdr dJ© ~miJVmo åhUyZ Ë`m§Mm {dH$mg hmoVmo,
WmoS>m WmoS>m IM© Ho$ë`m~amo~a... Ago J« m åer åhUVmo . l{‘H$ dJm© b mhr H« $ m§ V r
""...H$mamJra bmo H $m§ À `m ‘w b m§ H $[aVm emim H$aÊ`mgmR>r ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©Mr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo,
KmVë`m~amo~a Vo `wamon d A‘o[aH$m I§S>mVrb Agohr Vmo åhUVmo. eyÐm{VeyÐmVyZ {dÛmZ ~w{ÕOrdr
H$mam{Jam§gmaIo WmoS>çm qH$‘VrVrV Zm§Ja, Hw$id, nm^mar, dJ© V`ma hmoÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo
H$moinr, H$mT>Ur, ‘iUr dJoao ZmZmàH$maMr `m§{ÌH$ à{VnmXVmV. Vo ñnï>nUo gm§JVmV -
AmD$Vo bmJmonmR> ghO eoVH$è¶m§gmR>r Ooìhm H$aVrb, ""...~irñWmZmVrb EH§$Xa eyÐm{VeyÐm§gh {^„,
Voìhm eoVH$ar bmoH$ OmñV CËnmXZ Pmë`m‘wio Amnë`m H$moir dJ¡ao gd© bmoH$ {dÛmZ hmoD$Z {dMma H$aÊ`mbm`H$
gaH$mamg OmñVr H$a XoÊ`mg ghO g‘W© hmoVrb...'' hmoB©VmonmdoVmo Vo gd© gmaIo EH$‘` bmoH$ Pmë`m{edm`
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, H§$gmVrb eãX ‘mPo, Xoe (nation) hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr.....''
nmZ 543 d 544) (g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 523)
B§J«Om§À`m H$mimV ~«m÷Ur ì`dñWm H$m`‘ {ó`m d eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm {ejUmgmR>r emim, `m
Agë`mZo Zì`m V§ÌkmZmÀ`m AmYmao eoVrMr {dH${gV emim§‘YyZ Om{VA§VmMo {ejU, eyÐ OmVrMo n§VmoOr,
CËnmXZgmYZo (eoVrMr AmD$Vo dJ¡ao) {Z‘m©U H$aÊ`mMo gaH$mar ImË`mV eyÐm§gmR>r AmajU, ór-àmYmÝ`
H$m‘ ~«m÷Um§À`m {H$bm}ñH$a H§$nZrZo d nmaem§À`m `mgmR>r Vo Iyn AmJ«hr hmoVo. g§nyU© Am`wî`M Ë`m§Zr
YZOr em° Hy$na H$maImÝ`mZo Ho$bo. hoM V§ÌkmZ Oa {PO{dbo. Ë`m‘mJo Ë`m§Mm CÔoeM hm hmoVm H$s,
gwVma, bmohma ¶m§gma»`m eyÐ H$mam{Jam§À`m ‘wbm§Zm eyÐm{VeyÐm§Vrb àË`oH$ OmVrVyZ ~w{ÕOrdr dJ© {Z‘m©U
doJù`m V§Ìemim H$mTy>Z {Xbo AgVo Va em{gVemo{fV Pmbm nm{hOo. OmË`§VH$ {ejU KoD$Z V`ma Pmbobm
ey Ð m{Vey Ð H$mam{Jam§ ‘ Yy Z {H$bm} ñ H$am§ g maIm d hmM ~w{ÕOrdr dJ© OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMo ZoV¥Ëd H$aob d
Hy$nagmaIm ^m§S>dbXma dJ© {Z{íMVM {Z‘m©U Pmbm OmVr{dhrZ g‘VmdmXr EH$‘` Xoe {Z‘m©U H$aob,
AgVm. ^maVmV ’w$bodmXmÀ`m `m ‘mJm©Zo ^m§S>dbemhrMm `mMr Ë`m§Zm ImÌr hmoVr.
{dH$mg Pmbm AgVm Va eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVr-O‘mVtVyZ ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo `m§Zr ‘m§S>bobm AmajUmMm {gÕm§V
{Z‘m© U Pmbo ë `m dJm© À `m; d dJ© ì `dñWm H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho, H$maU Vmo AmH«$‘H$ hmoVm. AmVm
Om{Vì`dñWoMo nmoQ> ’$mSy>Z ~mhoa Ambr AgVr. AmajUmMm Omo {gÕm§V g§{dYmZm‘m’©$V A‘bmV
Om{Vì`dñWoÀ`m àoVmda W`W` ZmMV OmË`§VH$ AmUbm OmV Amho, Vmo ~MmdmË‘H$ Amho. ’w$ë`m§Mm
^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr H«$m§Vr XoemV g§nÞ Pmbr AgVr; AmajU {gÕm§V ~MmdmË‘H$ ZgyZ AmH«$‘H$ H$gm
na§Vw AmOhr ’w$bodmXr OmË`§VH$ ^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr Amho, Vo nwT>rbà‘mUo nmhÿ `m -
H«$m§VrnmgyZ AmnU H$mogmo Xya AmhmoV. ZdnoedmB©À`m ""...^Q>~m« ÷Um§À`m g§»`mà‘mUmnojm H$m‘Jmam§À`m
à{VH«$m§VrMm dmT>Vm AmH«$‘H$ AmdmH$m nmhVm d S>mì`m, OmñVr Zo‘UwH$m hmoD$ bmJë`m‘wio....^Q>~«m÷Umg
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 21
OmVr^oXmnmgyZ AZ§V ’$m`Xo hmoVmV....`mñVd eyÐ ho Y¥drH$aU H«$m§{VH$maH$ R>aUmao hmoV.o ~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa
eoVH$è¶m§Mr ‘wbo gaH$mar hþÔo Mmb{dÊ`m bm`H$ Y¥drH$aUm‘wio ~«m÷Um§Mm ~«m÷UoVam§darb gm§ñH¥${VH$
hmoB©VmonmdoVmo ~«m÷Umg Ë`m§À`m OmVrÀ`m g§»`oÀ`m d Ym{‘©H$ à^md H$‘r Pmbm AgVm d ~«m÷UoVam§Mo
‘mZmnojm gaH$mar hþX²ÚmÀ`m OmJm OmñVr XoD$ Z`oV d A~«m÷UrH$aU H$aUo gmono Pmbo AgVo. Ë`m‘wio
~mH$s Caboë`m gaH$mar hþX²Úm§À`m OmJm ‘wgb‘mZ OmË`§VmÀ`m Ñï>rZo "~«m÷Um§Zm gd©àW‘ AmajU' hm
AWdm qhXy {~«Q>Z bmoH$mg XoD$ bmJë`m{edm` Vo ’w$ë`m§Mm {gÕm§V H«$m§{VH$maH$ R>aVmo. EH$ H«$m§{VH$maH$
(~«m÷U) eyÐ eoVH$è¶m§Mo {dÚoMo AmS> `oÊ`mMo gmoS>Uma VÎdkmZr åhUyZ ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Mo Ðï>onU `mdê$Z
ZmhrV...'' bjmV `oV.o
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 331) ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§À`m Cnamoº$ CÕaUmVyZ AmUIr
^Q>mÀ§ `m Xmñ`ËdmnmgyZ ‘wº$ hmoÊ`mgmR>r Cnm` H$m`, EH$ ‘hÎdmMm ‘wÔm nwT>o `oVmo. eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVtZmhr
Agm àíZ Ym|S>t~m `m§Zr {dMmaë`mda Cnm` gm§JVm§Zm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV AmajU {Xbo nm{hOo,
Vo CÎma XoVmV - Agm ’w$ë`m§Mm AmJ«h Amho. na§Vw Ë`mH$mimV eyÐm{VeyÐ
""Omo. - `mbm Cnm`, Amnë`m X`miy gaH$maZo OmVt‘Ü`o {ejUmMo à‘mU H$‘r Agë`m‘wio Ë`m§À`m
àW‘ ^Q> g‘mOmÀ`m g§»`mà‘mUo EH§$Xa gd© ImË`mV bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV bm`H$ C‘oXdma eyÐm{VeyÐ
^Q> H$m‘Jma Zo‘y Z`oV, Ago ‘mPo ‘V Zmhr. na§Vw OmVrVyZ {‘iUma ZmhrV, `mMr nyaonya OmUrd ‘hmË‘m
Ë`mMà‘mUmZo ~mH$s gd© OmVrMo H$m‘Jma ZM ’w$b|Zm hmoVr. åhUyZ Vo AË`§V {ZjyZ gm§JVmV H$s,
{‘imë`mg gaH$maZo Ë`mEodOr ’$º$ `wamo{n`Z H$m‘Jma "eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVrMo bmoH$ bm`H$ hmoB©VmonmdoVmo Ë`m§À`m
Zo‘mdoV...'' {hññ`mÀ`m gaH$mar hþX²Úm§À`m OmJm ‘wgb‘mZ AWdm
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 186) B§J«Omg Úmì`mV, na§Vw Ë`m OmJm ~«m÷Um§g XoD$ Z`oV.
Om{VA§VmÀ`m Ñï>rZo AmOhr H«$m§{VH$maH$ Agbobm ~«m÷Um§Zm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmnojm EH$hr
OmV{Zhm` OZJUZoMm ‘wÔm gd©àW‘ ’w$ë`m§Zr ‘m§S>bm, OmñVrMr gaH$mar ZmoH$ar XoD$ Z`o, Ago gm§JÊ`m‘mJo
`mdê$Z Ë`m§Mo VÎdkmZ kmZr åhUyZ Agbobo Ðï>onU ’w$ë`m§Mm H$m` CÔoe hmoVm? AWm©VM ZmoH$aemhrMo
g‘OyZ ¿`m`bm hdo. OmV{Zhm` OZJUZm KoVë`mZ§Va nyU©nUo A~«m÷UrH$aU H$aUo, hmM ‘w»` CÔoe hmoVm.
Ë`mVyZ ~«m÷U OmVrMr bmoH$g§»`m H$mT>mdr d Ë`m§À`m {~«{Q>e ^maVmV d ñdV§Ì ^maVmV ZmoH$aemhrVrb
bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV ~«m÷Um§Zm gaH$mar ZmoH$è¶mV ~«m÷Um§Mo à‘mU ho 90 Q>³³¶m§nojm OmñV am{hbobo
AmajU Úmdo, Ago ñnï>nUo gm§JVmV. ~«m÷Um§Zm Amho, Ago Amnë`mbm ‘§S>b Am`moJmMm Ahdmb
Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV AmajU XoÊ`mMm hm gm§JVmo. ~«m÷UrH$aUmZo AmoVàmoV ^aboë`m ZmoH$aemhrZo
{gÕm§V IamoIaM H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho. Oa gd©àW‘ nwamoJm‘r d OmË`§VH$ H$m`Úm§Mr A‘b~OmdUr
~«m÷Um§Zm AmajU {Xbo Jobo AgVo Va AmajUmdê$Z àm‘m{UH$nUo H$YrM hmoD$ {Xbr Zmhr. ‘hmË‘m
X{bV {dê$Õ gdU© Ago Y¥drH$aU ~«m÷Um§Zm H$aVmM ’w$ë`m§Mm hmM {gÕm§V S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
Ambo ZgVo d XoemV Á`m Ag§»` OmVr` X§Jbr Amnë`mbm A{YH$ ñnï> H$ê$Z gm§JVmV -
Pmë`mV, Ë`m Pmë`mM ZgË`m. ~«m÷Um§Zm gd©àW‘ ...Whether the principle of equal justice is
effective or not must necessarily depend upon the
AmajU {Xë`m‘wio ^maVr` g‘mOmMo Y¥drH$aU ~«m÷U nature and character of the civil services who must
{déÕ ~«m÷UoVa Ago Pmbo AgVo d Om{VA§VmgmR>r
22 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
be left to administer the principle. If the civil service MidirMo ZoV¥Ëd gwédmVrnmgyZM Amo~rgr OmVtH$S>o
is by reason of its class bias the friend of the
Established Order and the enemy of the new order, Agë`mZo VoWo ’w$bodmXmbm H$moUVmhr XJm’$Q>H$m hmoD$
the new order can never come into being. That a eH$bm Zmhr.
civil service in tune with new order was essential
for the success of the new order was recognized
Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb no[a`ma ñHy$b‘YyZ Oo Amo~rgr d
by Karl Marx in 1871 in the formation of the Paris ~hþOZ ZoVo V`ma Pmbo, Vo gÎmoV Amë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr
Commune and adopted by Lenin in the constitution ’w$bodmXmMr ‘ybVÎdo ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV A‘bmV
of Soviet Communism... AmUÊ`mMo H$m‘ Ho$bo. gÎmm hmVr `oVmM Ë`m§Zr gd©
( Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Writing and A-~«m÷Ur OmVr-O‘mVtZm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m
Speeches, Vol.-5, page- 104) à‘mUmV AmajU {Xbo, Ë`m‘wio ZmoH$aemhrVrb A-
~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a nwT>o AZoH$ CXmhaUo XoD$Z ~«m÷U OmVtMo à‘mU dmT>bo. Ë`m§Zr ~«m÷Um§Zm Oar
{gÕ H$aVmV H$s, ^maVmMr ZmoH$aemhr hr {X„rnmgyZ AmajU {Xbo Zmhr Var ZmoH$aemhrVrb ~«m÷Um§Mr
J„rn`ªV nyU©nUo CƒOmVr` åhUOo ~«m÷Ur Amho. Q>¸o$dmar 3 Q>³³¶m§nojm A{YH$ hmoUma Zmhr, `mMr
""~«m÷Um§Zm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV àW‘ H$miOr KoVbr. ZmoH$aemhrVrb ~«m÷Um§Mo à‘mU 3
AmajU'' hm ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Mm H«$m§{VH$maH$ {gÕm§V Q>³³¶m§nojm OmñV hmoD$ Z`o åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr g§K-
~m~mgmho ~ m§ Z r H$m° ‘ « o S > bo Z rZà‘mUo amÁ`KQ> Z o V ^mOnmÀ`m H|$Ð gaH$maZo ~Z{dbobm Am{W©H$ÑîQ>çm
ñdrH$mabm AgVm Va, H$Xm{MV ZmoH$aemhrMo nyU© Xþ~b© g‘yhm§gmR>r (EWS) 10 Q>¸$o AmajUmMm H$m`Xm
A~«m÷UrH$aU Pmbo AgVo d AmO ^maVmV noedmB©Mo Vm‘riZmSy>V am~{dbm Zmhr. H$maU 10 Q>¸$o CƒOmVr`
nwZamJ‘Z Pmbo ZgVo. AmajUmMm ’$m`Xm KoD$Z Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb ~«m÷U
‘amR>m ZoË`m§‘i
w o EH$sH$S>o ~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa OmVr` ZmoH$aemhrVrb Amnbr Q>¸$o dmar dmT>dy eH$VmV. `mMm
Y¥drH$aU b`mg OmV AgVmZm XwgarH$S>o ~m~mgmho~ ’$Q>H$m Vm‘riZmSy>V Amo~rgtÀ`m ZoVË¥ dmImbr Pmboë`m
Am§~oS>H$am§Zr qhXy ZmdmZo Ym{‘©H$ Y¥drH$aU CMbyZ "A~« m ÷Ur H« $ m§ V rbm' ~gy eH$Vmo , åhUy Z M
Yabo. Añn¥í`m§Mo àíZ ‘m§S>V AgVm§Zm Vo gmVË`mZo Vm‘riZmSy>À`m A~«m÷Ur emgZmZo g§K-^mOnmÀ`m
eÌyMr AmoiI qhXy åhUyZ H$ê$Z XoVmV. g§emoYZ H|$Ð gaH$maMm Am{W©H$ Xþ~i© m§gmR>r AmajUmMm H$m`Xm
H$aVmZm Ë`m§À`m boIZmV ~è¶mM {R>H$mUr Vo ~«m÷U am~dm`bm ZH$ma {Xbm Amho.
d ~«m÷Ur ¶m g§H$ënZm ‘m§S>VmV, na§Vw amOH$s` Vm‘riZmSy>‘Yrb A~«m÷Ur H«$m§VrMo Oo {díbofU
bT>çm‘Ü`o Ë`m§Zr qhXy g§H$ënZm dmnê$Z Ym{‘©H$ da Ho$bobo Amho, Ë`mdê$Z Agm J¡ag‘O hmoD$ eH$Vmo
Y¥drH$aUM CMbyZ Yabo. Ë`m‘wio XmoZ Xwîn[aUm‘ H$s, Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o OmË`§VH$ H«$m§Vr nyU© Pmbr AgyZ
Pmbo. ~m~mgmho~m§Zm ñdV…bm XmoñV åhUyZ Ano{jV VoWo Om{Vì`dñWm Zï> Pmbobr Amho. Agm J¡ag‘O
Agbobm Amo~rgr nwÝhm qhXy åhUyZ ~«m÷Um§À`m Hw$Ur H$ê$Z KoD$ Z`o. Vm‘riZmSy> dJiVm BVa
N>mdUrV T>H$bbm Jobm. Xwgam Xwîn[aUm‘ Agm Pmbm amÁ`m§‘Ü`o ~«m÷Ur N>mdUr AmO Á`m CÝ‘mXmZo gÎmoda
H$s, Ë`mM H$mimV ñWmnZ Pmboë`m amï´>r` ñd`§godH$ Agë`mgmaIr {‘adrV Amho, Vo nmhVm Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o
g§KmMo qhXy g§KQ>ZmMo H$m‘ gmono Pmbo. ‘mÌ `mM ~«m÷Ur N>mdUr nam^yVVoMo d AË`§V ‘mZhmZrMo OrdZ
H$mimV Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o `mÀ`m AJXr gwbQ> KQ>Zm OJVo Amho. AmOhr Vm‘riZmSy>‘Yrb Amo~rgtÀ`m
KS>V hmoË`m. Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb no[a`maH¥$V ~«m÷U{damoYr ZoV¥ËdmImbrb A~«m÷Ur N>mdUr VmR> ‘mZoZo AmH«$‘H$
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 23
ñdê$nmV ~«m÷UdmÚm§g‘moa AmìhmZ åhUyZ C^r Amho. Ho$bobr AmhoV. ~XbË`m n[apñWVrZwgma ~«m÷UdmX
hr ~m~ {Z{íMVM H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho. BVa amÁ`mVrb Ogm {dH${gV hmoV AgVmo, Ë`mMà‘mUo Amnë`mbmhr
S>mì`m, nwamoJm‘r d ’w$bo-Am§~So >H$ar MiditZr {H$‘mZ Amnë`m VÎdkmZmMm {dH$mg Ho$bm nm{hOo. ho H$m‘
Vm‘riZmSy>BVH$m Var H«$m§VrMm Q>ßnm JmR>bm nm{hOo d eaX nmQ>rb `m§Zr "gm¡Ìm§{VH$ ‘mŠg©dmX' `m Zì`m
Ë`mgmR>r OmVr¶ A{^{Zdo e ~mOy b m R>o D $Z VÎdkmZmÀ`m ‘m§S>UrVyZ Ho$bobo Amho. AWm©V AmOÀ`m
Vm‘riZmSy>À`m Amo~rgr ZoV¥ËdmH$Sy>Z H$mhr {eH$bo S>mì`m, nwamoJm‘r d ’w$bo-Am§~oS>H$admXr ZoVo-
nm{hOo. H$m`©H$Ë`mªMm ~m¡{ÕH$ AmdmH$m ~KVm Ë`m§Zr VyV©
Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb hr A~«m÷Ur H«$m§Vr ZH$mamË‘H$ Vm‘riZmSy>Mm ’w$bodmXr A~«m÷Ur H«$m§VrMm n°Q>Z©
H$m`©H«$‘mda C^r Amho. Ho$di ~«m÷U{damoY EdT>çm ñdrH$mê$Z MidirMm EH$ nwT>Mm Q>ßnm JmR>mdm. nwT>Mm
EH$mM H$m`©H«$‘mÀ`m AmYmao Om{Vì`dñWm g‘yi Zï> OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMm Q>ßnm nwT>À`m {nT>rda gmondyZ XoUo
H$aUmar H«$m§Vr hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr. à~moYZmÀ`m nmVirda `mo½` R>aob! {H$‘mZ nwT>À`m {nT>rgmR>r Var AmO
Am‘ybmJ« ‘yë` n[adV©Z KS>dyZ AmUUmar d¡Mm[aH$ AmnU Vm‘riZmSy> n°Q>Z© ñdrH$mam¶bm hdm d nwT>À`m
H«$m§Vr hmoUo JaOoMo Amho. Ë`mgmo~VM O‘rZrMo {nT>rgmR>r OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMm ‘mJ© gwH$a H$am¶bm
’o$admQ>nmgmaIo OmË`§VH$ H«$m§{VH$maH$ H$m`©H«$‘ hmVr hdm!
KoUo Amdí`H$ Amho. Ë`mgmR>r Ho$di ‘mŠg©, ~wÕ, 
’w$bo, Am§~oS>H$a hr VÎdkmZo nwaoer ZmhrV. H$maU ("’w$bodmXmMr ‘ybVÎdo Am{U Ë`m§Mr àñVwVVm' `m lmdU
~«m÷Ur N>mdUrZo hr gd© VÎdkmZo Ho$ìhmM {ZH$m‘r Xodao `m§À`m AmJm‘r nwñVH$mVrb g§nm{XV A§e)

nrnëg ~wH$ hmD$g h[aVr ~wH$ J°bar


‘ohoa hmD$g, H$mdgOr nQ>ob ñQ´>rQ>, XþH$mZ Z§. 1, ݶy AmXe© H$m°bZr,
’$moQ>©, ‘w§~B© bmVya-413 531
Xÿ. 022 2667815 ^«. 07385521336
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¶w{ZH$ ~w³g AWd© npãbHo$eÝg
¶w{ZH$ A°H°$S>‘r, XodrXmg AmH}$S>, n§MdQ>r Mm¡H$, ‘moeu amoS>, Vi‘Obm, Amo‘ hm°pñnQ>b,
A‘amdVr XÎm H$m°bZr, OiJmd-425001
Xÿ. 0721 2667815 Xÿ. 0257-2239666
 
‘r{S>¶m A±S> AmQ>©g² ‘mUJmdH$a E.
538 A, e{Zdma noR>, {H$~o bú‘r {WEQ>ag‘moa,
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Aßnm ~id§V Mm¡H$,
Zm§XoS> 431602
nwUo 411030
Xÿ. 9860083134 ^«. 7020044655
24 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
{deof Vwåhr EImXm {dMma H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$am. Vw‘À`m bjmV `oB©b
H$s, AmnU Amnë`m ^mfoV {dMma H$aV AmhmoV. Amnbo AmH$bZ
ho ^mfoVyZM hmoV AgV§. g{na-dm°’©$ J¥hrVH$XoIrb hoM gm§JV§.
JmoS>mXoIrb ^mfoVyZ {dMma H$am`Mm, ’$aH$ BVH§$M H$s, Vmo
{MÌnQ> ^mfoVyZ {dMma H$am`Mm. Am{U Vr ^mfmXoIrb {MÌnQ>mMr
O± ë¶y JmoS>m - àM{bV qH$dm à‘mU ^mfm Zìho Va Ë`mZo Cgdbobr, ~Zdbobr,
nwZa©MZm Ho$bobr ^mfm!
{MÌnQ>mMr drU `m ^mfoV Vmo ‘m§S>Ur H$am`Mm, ‘ZZ H$am`Mm, qMVZ H$am`Mm,
{bImU H$am`MMm, dmX H$am`Mm, Am{U {dV§S> dmXXoIrb H$am`Mm
CgdUmam ({dV§S> dmX åhUOo Oo à‘o` nwT>o ImoQ>o R>aob Vo ‘wÔm‘yZ ‘m§S>Uo.)
JmoS>mbm {MÌnQ> ho gd© H$mhr hmoV§. XmoZ eãXm§V Vmo åhUyZ Jobm`
{X½Xe©H$ Only Cinema! ~«o»VM§ E{nH$ {WEQ>a Am{U Am§Ðo ~mPm `m§Mm
"Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m' `m XmoÝhr g§H$ënZmZr JmoS>m à^m{dV Amho, ~«o»V
`m§M§ alienation (A{báVm) V§Ì Vmo {MÌnQ>mV gX¡d dmnaVmo ‘mÌ
‘oKZmX ~mPm `m§Mm Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m, Ë`mVrb dmñVdXe©Z ho g‘OmdyZ KoD$Z
Hw$iH$Uu Ë`m nmgyZ "H$bQr>' ‘maVmo. Ë`mMm Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m hm doJim hmoVm.
{MÌnQ>mMr {MÝh ‘r‘m§gm (film semiotics), Am{U à{V‘m (image)
`m ~m~VrV ñdV…Mm Agm Img Ñ{ï>H$moZ KoD$Z JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ>
C^m R>mH$Vmo. Vmo Vwåhmbm AmìhmZ H$aV AgVmo, hm {MÌnQ> g‘OmdyZ
KoÊ`mM§ "S>oA[a¨J' Vwåhr H$amM! hm {MÌnQ> nmhVmZm Vwåhr H$mhrhr
"’«$| M Ý`y doìh' `m {MÌnQ>- J¥hrV Yê$ eH$V Zmhr, {gZo‘mMr Hw$R>brhr àM{bV ^mfm qH$dm
MidirMo EH$ àUoVo Á`±§ ë¶y "ì`mH$aU' Vw‘À`m H$m‘r `oV Zmhr. JmoS>m EH$ {R>H$mUr åhUVmo Ë`m
à‘mUo bmb Am{U {Zù`m {ZAm°Z gmB©Z‘Ü`o Aja§ {XgVmV OrdZ'
JmoS>m `m§Mo 13 gßQ>~| a 2022 {gZo‘m'! JmoS>mMm {gZo‘m hm Cƒ{e{jV {gZo‘m Amho. Ë`mV VÎdkmZ,
amoOr d`mÀ`m 91ì`m dfu gm{hË`, g‘mOemó, amOH$maU, g§JrV, ^mfmemó, {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm
pñdËPab§S>‘Ü`o {ZYZ Pmbo. `m§Mo ‘w~bH$ g§X^© `oVmV. Vo Á`m§Zm H$iVmV Ë`m§ZmM H$iVmV.
`mV {dQ>JÝo ñQ>mB©ZgmaIm ^mfmVÁk, {’«$Q²O bm±JgmaIm {gZo-{X½Xe©H$,
Ë`m§Zr BÀN>m‘aU nËH$abo. ‘moPmQ>©, {~Wm°doZ gmaIo g§JrVmVrb "CñVmX', ‘mŠg©, ‘mAmo ¶m§gmaIo
˶m§À¶m H$ma{H$XuMm KoVbobm amOH$maU-VÁk Am{U BVa AZoH$ ‘hÎdmMo ‘yb^yV {dMmad§V `m§Mo
AmT>mdm ZwgVo C„oIM ZmhrV Va Ë`mMr CY¥VoXoIrb `oVmV. H$Yr nmÌm§À`m
Vm|Sy>Z Va H$Yr ñdV§Ì AmdmOmV. Ë`m‘wio JmoS>m ~KVmZm Vwåhr
boIH$ ‘w§~B©{Zdmgr AgyZ Om{hamV joÌmer g§~§{YV
AmhoV VgoM {’$ë‘{Z‘m©Vo, {gZog‘rjH$ Am{U
H$Yrhr S>moH§$ ~mhoa R>odyZ {gZo‘m-J¥hmV {eê$ eH$V Zmhr. ~mhoa EH$
H$WmH$ma AmhoV. AÑí` {ZAm°Z gmB©Z AgVo. YmoH$m (H$dQ>r Am{U XmoZ hmS>m§gH$Q>)
eureka.publicity.mk@gmail.com AmV Joë`mda JmoS>m Vw‘À`m ‘|Xybm MmbZm XoVmo, Ë`mbm {‘Šga‘Ü`o
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 25
Q>mHy$Z JamJam {’$adVmo, Ë`mMm ^oOm ’«$m` H$aVmo, quote Ho$bo Am{U JmoS>mda Á`y Ûoï>m Agë`mMo Amamon
Ë`mda ’$moS>Ur XoVmo, Y¸o$, em°Šg XoVmo, {MÌnQ> ~KyZ Pmbo. Ë`mV H$mhrhr VÏ` ZìhVo. Ñí` à{V‘m eãXm§{H$V
Vwåhr ~mhoa `oVm Voìhm Vwåhr Jmob Jmob {’$adë¶mda Ho$br H$s Iam AW©, ‘‘© J‘mdyZ ~gVo Ago Ë`mbm
^mo d i `o V o Ë`m à‘mUo {^a{^abo b o AgVm. åhUm`Mo hmo V o . H$mhrg§ {dQ>Jo Ý ñQ>mB© Z à‘mUo !
{MÌnQ>{df`H$ Vw‘Mr gd© J¥hrVo CbQ>r gwbQ>r Pmbobr {dS>JrZñQ>mBZMr "Picture theory Am°’$ language
AgVmV, AmVyZ ~mhoê$Z T>diyZ {ZKmbobr AgVmV. qH$dm Language Games theory à{gÕM Amho. eãX
nU Z§Va Vwåhr {dMma H$aVm Am{U AmnU H$mhr {MÌ C^§ H$aVmV Am{U {dMma, {MÌ Am{U ^mfm
‘yb^yV Am{U ‘hÎdmM§ n{hbo Amho `mMr Vwåhmbm `mMr aMZm ( structure ) EH$M AgVo . `m
ImÌr nQ>Vo. {dQ>JoÝñQ>mB©ZÀ`m {dMmam§Zm JmoS>m C^m N>oX XoVmo. Ë`mM§
JmoS>m‘Ü`o AZoH$ {damoYm^mg AmhoV, (Am{U Vo {MÌ ho ’$º$ {MÌ AgV§ Am{U Vo doJir "^mfm',
Vmo H$YrM H$mTy>Z Q>mH$V Zmhr. CbQ> Ë`mMr nwZñWm©nZmM "n[a^mfm' (Vocabulary) KoD$Z `oV§. H$Yr H$Yr
H$aVmo ) . ‘mÂ`m ‘Vo ‘w » ` {damo Y m^mg åhUOo (åhUOo ~è`mM doim) nS>Úmda EoH$y `oUmè`m ^mfonj o m
(VmpÎdH$ÑîQ>çm) Á`m Cƒm[aV ^mfobm Vmo VmoH$S>r doJim qH$dm CbQ> AW© {MÌ XmIdV AgV§.
g‘OVmo VrM Ë`mbm dmnamdr bmJVo. ^mfm hr VH$bmXy JmoS>m Xw~m}Y H$m hmoVmo? H$maU Vmo AZoH$ language
(Arbitrary) Amho. "nmUr' hm eãX Am{U nmUr hr games' EH$mM doir IoiV AgVmo. Language-games
"dñVw' `m§Mm WoQ> H$mhrhr g§~§Y Zmhr. Ob, CXH$, åhUOo {d{eï> g§X^© KoD$Z Ambobr ^mfm. nmUr hm
dm°Q>a Aem AZoH$ {MÝhm§Ûmao nmUr hr "dñVw' {ZX}{eV eãX Cƒmabm Va Vmo Hw$R>ë`m g§X^m©V `mbm ‘hÎd
H$aVm `oVo. Ñí`mMo qH$dm à{V‘m§Mo Vgo Zmhr, nmÊ`mMo Amho. A{¾em‘H$ XbmZo Cƒabobm "nmUr', ñd`§nmH$
Ñí` WoQ> nmUr XmIdVo, ñWb-H$mi-AdH$me `m KamV Cƒmabobm "nmUr', nyaJ«ñV ‘mUgmZo Cƒabobm
gdm©g{hV. "nmUr' `mMm g§X^© Am{U AW© doJim Amho. X¡Z§{XZ
JmoS>m åhUVmo Am{U Ë`mMr Ver R>m‘ YmaUm Amho OrdZmMr ^mfm emór` ^mfonojm doJir Amho.
H$s, "à{V‘m ’$º$ à{V‘m Amho' Am{U `m YmaUonmgyZ ~w{Õ~imMr ^mfm, VÎdkmZmMr ^mfm, J{UVmMr ^mfm
Vmo Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mV Hw$R>ohr T>iV Zmhr. åhUOo ho {^Þ "language Games' AmhoV. ‘r gwVmamH$S>o
Vw‘À`m bjmV `oV§` H$m?Vmo Ñí`mbm, imagebm, EH$ KZ Solid bmH$S>mMm VwH$S>m ‘m{JVbm Va Vmo
^mfoà‘mUo Arbitrary ~ZdV Amho. {MÌnQ>mMr H$dM H$mTy>Z XoB©b, AUy emók åhUob hm nmoH$i Amho,
Hw§$S>bo Vmo AmnUhÿZ XmZ H$aV Amho. ‘r Oo åhUoZ Vo gd© AUy aoUw `m§nmgyZ ~Zbobo Amho, gm°{bS> Ag§
{MÌnQ> hmoD$ eH$Vmo Agm AmË‘{dídmg Am{U Jw‘u H$mhrM Zmhr. Va ho ì`mdhm[aH$ÑîQ>çm Xw~m}Y Amho.
Ë`mÀ`mV R>mgyZ ^abobr Amho. JmoS>m BVŠ`m doJdoJù`m àm§Vm§VZy (Disciplines) g§X^©
JmoS>m EH$Xm OmhranUo åhUmbm hmoVm, ‘moPog hm XoVmo H$s, Zo‘Ho$nUmZo AW© bmJV Zmhr.(Am{U Zo‘H§$
‘mPm ‘yi eÌy Amho, H$maU Ë`mZo H$mhr Abm¡{H$H$ hoM Ë`mbm A{^àoV AgV§.) JmoS>mM§ dmMZ A’$mQ>
Ñí`o ~{KVbr, nU Z§Va Ë`mZo Vr Ñí`o eãXm§V Am{U Amho. {dQ>JÝo ñQ>mB©Z, bodr-óm°g, `mH$mo~gZ Ago VÎdk
Ajam§V (Text) ‘m§S>Ê`mMr MyH$ Ho$br. Ë`mZo nMdbobo AmhoV. Ooåg Om°Bg, Om° OoZo, ~oHo$Q>
ho AWm©V Ë`mZo Ab§H$m[aH$ ^mfoV åhQ>bo hmoVo. Ago boIH$, ZmQ>H$H$ma Ë`mbm ’$maM OdiMo AmhoV.
nU EH$m boIH$mZo Vo eãXe… KoVbo, BVa bmoH$m§Zr Vo {~Wm°dZo , ‘moPmQ>© `m§À¶m g§JrVmMr b‚mV Ë`mZo KoVbobr
26 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
Amho. nU EImXm {MÌH$ma n°bQo > KoD$Z a§Jm§Mr ga{‘gi {dMma ‘m§S>Vmo, Ë`mbm ~m§YogwX ñdê$n XoÊ`mMm à`ËZ
H$aVmo Ë`mà‘mUo JmoS>m `m gdmªMr ga{‘gi H$aVmo. H$aV Zmhr. Om°Bg qH$dm JmoS>m ¶m§gmaIr ‘mUg§ Ooìhm
Ë`mbm Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ "gd© H$mhr' H$am`M§ ñdV…Mr Aer EH$ ^mfm, n[a^mfm V`ma H$aV AgVmV
Amho. X¡Z{§ XZ g§dmXmV JmoS>m VÎdkmZmMr ^mfm dmnaVmo. Voìhm AmYr Vmo à`ËZ g‘OmdyZ KoUo ‘hÎdmMo AgVo.
gmÜ`m àg§JmZm amOH$s` "Sy>~' XoVmo. Aem doJdoJù`m àma§^r H$R>rU OmVo, Ë`m "H«o$Amob' gmÑí` ^mfoer
àm§VmVrb Language Games Vmo gVV dmnaV AgVmo. PJS>mdo bmJVo. nU EH$Xm Vwåhr Ë`m ì`yhaMZoV AmV
Ë`m‘wio AZoH$Xm Ë`mÀ`m dmQ>b o m Or AdhobZm Ambobr Kwgbm H$s, hiy hiy Ë`mMr "CnO' hmoV OmVo.
Amho , Vr ‘amR>r gm{hpË`H$/gm§ ñ H¥ $ {VH$ Hw$R>bmhr boIH$, VÎdk (H$m§Q>, Mm°‘ñH$s, B©.) H$mhr
H$ÐznUmbmXoIrb ‘yb^yV Zdr àUmbr XoVmo
bmOdob Aer Amho. Voìhm nma§n[aH$ YmaUm§Mr
OmJ{VH$ H$bm Amnë`mbm àW‘
g§ñH¥$Vr Iar Va g{hîUy AS>MUM hmo V o . nU
Amho. H$bmH$ma {H$Vrhr Varhr Vmo IwÔ ‘mUyg WoQ>
doJio H$aV Agbm Var dmMë`mZo Amnë`mbm
Vo g‘Omdy Z Ko Ê `mMr OmñV H$iVmo .
àd¥Îmr {VÀ`mV Amho. (Mm°‘ñH$s qH$dm H$m§Q>
b¢{JH$VoÀ`m ‘wX²Úmdê$Z ¶m§ À ¶mda ‘amR>rVy Z
dmX Pmbobo AmhoV. nU {b{hbob§ dmMÊ`mnojm
hr H$bmM Zmhr Agm gya H$Yr H$mT>bobm {XgV Vo WoQ> dmMU§ A§{V‘V… OmñV gmon§ Amho.)
Zmhr. JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ> {MÌnQ>M Zmhr åhUUo, {MÌnQ> ^mfo~Ôb JmoS>mZo H$m` Ho$bo? ho g‘OyZ
BVŠ`mda g‘rjH$ Wm§~bobo ZmhrV Va Vmo H$Mam, KoÊ`mgmR>r Amnë`mbm thermodynamics ‘Yrb
Q´°e Amho BWn`ªV Ë`m§Mr ‘Ob Jobobr Amho. ho entropyMr g§H$ënZm Cn`moJr nS>ob. Entropy hm
AË`§V AÝ`m`H$maH$ Amho. ‘wimV Omo {X½Xe©H$ àUmbr, {gñQ>‘‘Yrb {dñH$irVnUmMm {ZX}em§H$
{gZo‘mMr ^mfmM Am‘ybmJ« ~Xbm`bm {ZKmbm Amho, Amho. {OVH$m {dñH$irVnUm OmñV VodT>m Entropy
Ë`mbm {gZo‘mMr ^mfm H$ibobr Zmhr Agm Amamon OmñV! {dMma H$am EH$m {ÌH$moUr H$mMoÀ`m ~m°Šg‘Ü`o
H$aU§ hm ZwgVm Ag{hîUynUm Zmhr Va VÔZ ‘yI©nUm Imbr H$mio Am{U da nm§T>ao M|Sy> ì`dpñWV aMyZ
Amho. Am{U `mM§ H$maU EH$M! nma§n[aH$ {gZo‘mÀ`m R>do bobo AmhoV. {ÌH$moUmMo Q>mHo $ daVr Amho gmh{OH$M
Mm¡H$Q>rV, ^mfoV Am{U ì`mH$aUmV JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ> nm`mnmgyZ Q>moH$mn`ªV CVa§S> {Z‘wiVr hmoV OmVo. hr
~gV Zmhr. EH$ gyÌ~Õ, hm‘m}{Z`g àUmbr Amho. AmVm Ë`mbm
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m ^mfo~Ôb JmoS>mZo H$m` Ho$b§? Ooåg Vwåhr {OVHo$ Y¸o$ Úmb VodT>o nm§T>ao Am{U H$mio M|Sy>
Om°Bg `mZo Amnë`m "`w{b{gg' Am{U "’$sZoJZg {dñH$irV hmoV OmVrb, Am{U H$Xm{MV EH$ nm§T>am
doH$' `m H$mX§~è`mVyZ Ho$b§ Vg§M! Om°Bg Amnë`m M|Sy> Am{U XmoZ H$mio M|Sy> EH$m am§JoV Aer Zdr nU
H$mX§~è`mVyZ g§kmàdmhr ^mfm dmnaVmo. aMZm, g§`w{º$H$ aMZm hmoB©b, {OVHo$ Y¸o$ A{YH$ Úmb
{dam‘{MÝho `m§Zm nyU© ’$mQ>m XoVmo. ‘ZmV `oVmV Vgo VodT>m {dñH$irVnUm Am{U entropy dmT>V OmB©b.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 27
A§{V‘V… Jm|YimMr (Chaos) n[apñWVr {Z‘m©U hmoD$ nS>VmV. Vmo Pmonbm Var Ë`mMo {dMma ZQ>r gm§JVo.
eH$Vo. XmoÝhr ^mJmV ‘w~bH$ gm{hpË`H$, VmpÎdH$, amOH$s`
JmoS>m Ago Y¸o$ {MÌnQ> ^mfoVyZ XoVmoM nU Vmo g§X^© AmhoV. ‘oar eobr Amho, amoS>mÀ° `m qWH$a {eënmMo
{ÌH$moUmMr CVa§S> (Paradigm) M¸$ CbQ>r H$ê$Z C„oI AmhoV, ‘mAmoÀ`m amOH$s` {dMmagaUrMm
Q>mH$Vmo. {ÌH$moUmM§ Q>moH$ Imbr H$ê$Z Q>mH$Vmo. D$hmnmoh Amho. Am{U BVahr ‘w~bH$ g§X^© AmhoV.
EH$‘oH$m§g‘moa `oUmè`m Ñí¶m‘Ü`o EH$ ñdm^m{dH$, Jmoï> H$m`? (JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mZm ê$T> AWm©Zo Jmoï>
g‘m§Va gmIir`wº$ (Syntagmatic) g§~§Y AgVmV qH$dm ßbm°Q> Agm ZgVmoM,) Varhr gm§Jm`M§ Pmb§ Va
Ë`mbmM Vmo N>oX XoVmo, Am{U Ë`mbm Cä`m CVa§S>rÀ`m Jmoï>rMm gm§JmS>m Agm gm§JVm `oB©b : b¾ Pmbobr
g§~§YmMo (Paradigmatic) ñdê$n XoVmo. H$Yr H$Yr ~mB© Am{U EH$Q>m nwéf ^oQ>VmV, ào‘mV nS>VmV, EH$
dmQy>Z OmV§ H$s JmoS>mbm àojH$mer g§dmX Var gmYm`Mm nwñVH$mM§ XwH$mZ H$mT>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV, nmÌ
Amho H$m? qH$dm {dg§dmX Var gmYm`Mm Amho H$m? AXbm~Xb hmoD$Z `oV,§ gmoëPo{ZpËgZM§ nwñVH$ Gulag
H$m ‘wimV Agm g§dmX ‘Zwî`mV eŠ` Zmhr, ‘mZdr Archipelago ~°Z Ho$b§ nm{hOo åhUVmo. OmoS>nr ^m§S>VmV,
AdñWm, kmZ, J«hUeº$s "Ho$AmoQ>rH$' Amho hoM Xya OmVmV nwÝhm EH$Ì `oVmV, ~mB©Mm Zdam Cabmgwabm
Ë`mbm R>gdm`Mo Amho . nU `m nQ> CYiyZ bmdVmo, ào‘rH$mMm IyZ hmoVmo. nwZíM har
{dñH$irVnUm‘Ü`oXoIrb EH$ g§JVr AmhoM. "There Amo‘, AmbQ>mnmbQ>rM§ MH«$ Mmby amhV§. {’$ë‘ XmoZ
is a method in his madness' ^mJmV {d^mJbobr Amho 1. {ZgJ© (Nature) 2.
‘mZdr ^mfoMm g§^mfUmgmR>r qH$dm nañnag§~§Y, Ab§H$¥ V (Metaphor) XmoZ ^mJ gVV AmbQy>ZnmbQy>Z
dmñVd g‘OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>rMm VmoH$S>onUm XmIdUmar `oV amhVmV, Am{U doJimM AW© doJioM g§X^© Üd{ZV
Good Bye language hr {’$ë‘ Jmo S > m Zo Ë`mÀ`m H$aVmV. "g§^«‘' hm {MÌnQ>mMm ñWm`r ^md Amho.
H$ma{H$XuÀ`m eodQ>r eodQ>r 2014‘Ü`o H$mT>br. EH$m {Vgam ^mJ Amho Epilogue : memory/Historical
dmŠ`mV gm§Jm`M§ Va Zdam Am{U ~m`H$mo `m§À`mVrb Misfortune. am°Šgr Hw$Ìm nwÝhm Kar Ambobm Amho.
^mfoMm {dg§dmX `mVyZ {XgVmo. Zdam Am{U ~m`H$mo Amam‘mV H$moMda Pmonbm`, {Zdo{XH$m Ë`mMo {dMma
Xmo Z do J ù`mM Language Games ‘Yrb ^mfm Amnë`mbm gm§JVo. Hw$Í`mÀ`m ^w§H$Ê`mda Am{U VmÝøm
~mobVmhoV. H$m` ~mobVmV Vo EH$‘oH$m§Zm H$iVM ‘w b mÀ`m aS> Ê `mÀ`m AmdmOmda {’$ë‘ g§ n Vo .
Zmhr. Ë`m§À`m Hw$Í`mbm interpreterMo H$m‘ H$amd§ Amnë`mbm {‘imbobr Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñ‘aUeº$s ho
bmJV Amho. ({MÌnQ>mV JmoS>mMm Hw$Ìm am°Šgr `mM§ IamoIaM XwX£d Am{U g§ñH¥$VrMr emoH$m§{VH$m Amho.
H$m‘ Amho. Am{U Ë`mbm `m H$m‘mgmR>r Am§Vaamï´>r` ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$Vr (Civilization) Zída Amho Am{U
H$mZ ’o$pñQ>dbM§ ~jrgXoIrb {‘imb§ Amho.) hm {gZo‘mXoIrb Ë`mV `oVmo, hm {dMma dma§dma JmoS>mÀ`m
Hw$Ìm eha Am{U Jmd Agm ^Q>H$V amhVmo. Am{U {MÌnQ>mV `oVmo Am{U Ë`mbm ‘wimnmgyZ hmXê$Z Q>mH$Vmo.
XmoZ doJdoJù`m OmoS>ß`m§‘Ü`o `oD$Z ~gVmo. OmoS>ß`m§Mr hm {MÌnQ> 3S>r hmoVm Am{U ˶mMr JmoS>mMr
gVV AXbm~Xb hmoV amhVo, H$moU H$m` Amho H$ioZmg§ hmVmiUr AË`§V doJir hmoVr. 3S>r {MÌnQ>mV AZoH$
hmoV§. Ë`m§À`mVbm EH$‘od pñWam§H$ (constant) hm H°$‘oè¶m§Zr {Q>nbobr Ñí¶o XmoZ S>moù`mVyZ EH$Ì `oD$Z
Hw$Ìm Amho. Hw$Ìm {dMma H$aVmo. nmUr Amnë`mer ImobrMm Am^mg {Z‘m©U H$aVmV, JmoS>mZo XmoZ images
H$m` ~mobV Amho? AemgmaIo àíZ Ë`mbm gVV {d^º$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ë`mMm Cn`moJ Ho$bm, XmoZ S>mù o `mVyZ
28 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
XmoZ doJir {MÌo nS>Úmda {XgVmV Am{U XmoÝhr S>moio à{V‘m§Mo VwH$S>o OmoS>y Z EH$ "H°${bS>mño H$mon' V`ma Ho$bobm
CKS>bo H$s, EH$ hmoVmV. JmoS>mZo nwÝhm EH$Xm {MÌnQ> Amho. `m à{V‘m {’$ë‘daMr {’$ë‘ ~ZdVmV. (JmoS>m
g§kmdbrV EH$m nyU© Zì`m em°Q>Mm emoY bmdbm. hr Mma df© `m {’$ë‘da H$m‘ H$aV hmoVm.) hr {’$ë‘
JmoS>mMr 42dr ’$sMa {’$ë‘ hmoVr, Am{U 121do {MÌnQ>mÀ`m B{VhmgmdaM ‘yb^yV àíZ CnpñWV H$aVo.
pìh{S>Amo àm°S>ŠeZ! JmoS>mZo {’$ë‘ Am{U pìh{S>Amo ZwgVm {gZo‘mMm B{Vhmg Zmhr Va {dgmì`m eVH$mMm
`m§Mm EH${ÌV Cn`moJ AË`§V doJionUmZo Amnë`m gm§ñH¥${VH$/amOH$s`/VmpÎdH$/gm{hpË`H$ B{Vhmg
H$mhr {MÌnQ>mV Ho$bm Amho. ^mfm, ^mfoÀ`m ‘`m©Xm, Am{U Ë`mÀ`mer AgUmao {MÌnQ>mMo bmJo~m§Yo
{MÌnQ>mMr ^mfm, {MÌnQ> ^mfoMr {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm hm `mÀ`mda àíZ CnpñWV H$aUmè`m `m à{V‘m AmhoV.
JmoS>mMm gX¡d {MÌnQ>-qMVZmMm ^mJ am{hbobm Amho. Am{U Ë`m Ë`m àm§VmVrb g§X^© Ë`m KoD$Z `oVmV.
^mfobm Ab{dXm Ho$ë`mZ§Va Ë`mÀ`m eodQ>À`m JmoS>mZo {MÌnQ>mÀ`m nma§n[aH$ ^mfobm paradigmatic
{MÌnQ>mV Vmo images H$S>o diVmo - "The image shift {Xbm Ag§ åhQ>ë`mda {gZo‘mMr nma§n[aH$ "^mfm'
Book (2018). hoXoIrb Ë`mÀ`m {MÌnQ>-qMVZmbm hmoVr Var H$er ho g‘OmdyZ KoU§ AmoKmZ§ Amb§M!
g§`w{º$H$ AgoM Amho. à{V‘m Am{U AmdmO `m§Zr {MÌnQ> "^mfo'Mm àdmg amoMH$ Amho. AË`§V
g§n¥º$ Agm hm H$mobmO Amho. à{V‘m EH$‘oH$m§da ñdm^m{dH$, O¡d[a˶m Vr KS>V Jobr. éiV Jobr.
H$mogiVmV, qhónUo EH$‘oH$m§er R>mogmR>moer H$aVmV. ë`w{‘`a ~§YwZr Amnbm àmoOoŠQ>a-H°$‘oam ~Zdbm
EH$‘oH$m§Zm Zï> H$aVmV. `mV H¥$îUYdb à{V‘m AmhoV, Am{U {MÌrH$aU H$aÊ`mg gwédmV Ho$br Voìhm H°$‘oam
H$ba "nmoíMam`PoeZ' (XmoZ {^Þ a§JmZm {d^º$ H$ê$Z EH$m OmJoda pñWa Ago. EH$ em°Q> åhUOo EH$ {’$ë‘,
Ë`mMm {’$ë‘ {ZJo{Q>ìh gmaIm gmaIm dmna -(CXm. Aem AZoH$ N>moQ>oImZr {’$ë‘ Ë`m§Zr Ho$ë`m Am{U
Goodbye to Language‘Ü`o Ambobr bmb ’w$b§ Am{U J§‘V åhUOo AmO {MÌnQ>mV {XgUmè`m gd©M nR>S>çm
{haì¶m JdVmMo em°Q>g) Amho, ‘wÔm‘ dmnabobo Ë`mVyZ ѽJmoMa Pmë`m. ~mV‘rnQ>, H$m°‘oS>r, Jmoï>,
"glitches' Amho V . `w Õ mMo em° Q ² g > Amho V , BVa Om{hamVnQ> Aem gd©M! ë¶w{‘`a ~§Yy§gmR>r {gZo‘m ho
{X½Xe©H$mZm ‘mZd§XZm åhUyZ Ë`m§À`m {MÌnQ>mV àm‘w»`mZo EH$ emór` CnH$aU hmoV§. Ë`mVrb Jmoï>
dmnaboë`m à{V‘m AmhoV. BVam§À`m {MÌm§À`m, gm§JÊ`mM§ gm‘Ï`© {‘{bEgma»`m bmoH$m§À`m VËjUr
n|{Q§>½gÀ`m à{V‘m AmhoV, JmoS>mÀ`m ñdV…À`m bjmV Amb§. {‘{bE EH$ OmXyJma hmoVm. Ë`mZo Ë`mÀ`m
{’$ë‘‘Yrb à{V‘mXoIrb Ë`mV AmhoV. hmVmÀ`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ OmXy, gm`Ýg {’$³eZ, ñnoeb B’o$ŠQ>,
à{V‘m dmnaboë`m AmhoV, EH$‘oH$m§Zm hiwdma ñne© ‘w»` åhUOo H$WZ, Z°aoeZ AmUbo. bjmV ¿`m
H$aUmao hmV, E{S>qQ>J Q>~o bda {’$ë‘Mo VwH$S>o OwidUmao H°$‘oam AOyZ hbbm ZìhVm.
hmV, ~§XwH$m MmbdUmao hmV, g¥OZerb hmV Am{U S>r>. S>ãë`y. J«r{’$W `mZo Ë`mÀ`m "Birth of a
{dÜd§g H$aUmao hmV! ào‘ H$aUmao hmV Am{U Z’$aV Nation' `m {MÌnQ>mV H°$‘oam àW‘ hbdbm Am{U
H$aUmao hmV! hmVmÀ`m à{V‘m§Mm Cn`moJ Vmo EImÚm Shot-Division qH$dm Ñí` aMZoMr gwadmV Pmbr. Xya
‘Wù¶mà‘mUo H$aVmo Am{U {MÌnQ>mMr nmM ^mJmV Ñí` (Long shot), g‘rn Ñí` (Mid-Shot ),
{d^mJUr H$aVmo. `m à{V‘m§Zm ñWi-H$mimMm g§X^© ŠbmoOAn Aer aMZm àM{bV hmoD$ bmJbr.(J«r{’$WZo
Zmhr. `mVë`m à{V‘m ñWb-H$mi-AdH$me `mÀ`m Ooìhm A{V-ŠbmoOAn (extreme close-up) àW‘
g§X^m©À`m nbrH$S>o aMboë`m AmhoV. OUy AZoH$ dmnabm Voìhm {Z‘m©Vo Km~abo. Ë`m§Zm dmQ>b§ ZwgV§
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 29
‘w§S>H§$ ~KyZ àojH$m§Zm hm ^wVmQ>H$sMm àH$ma dmQ>ob H$m‘m Z`o `mH$S>o {deof bj Ago. ZmhrVa àojH$m§Mo
Am{U Vo niyZ OmVrb. nU Vg§ H$mhr Pmbr Zmhr. bj Jmoï>r dê$Z T>iyZ g§H$bZmda H|${ÐV hmoB©b Aer
H$maU ‘w§S>Š`m Imbr YS> AgV§ ho Ë`m§Zm AZw^dmVyZ ^rVr nma§n[aH$ {gZo‘m {X½Xe©H$m§Zm dmQ>V Ago.
‘mhrV hmoV§. àojH$mZmXoIrb H$m°‘Z-goÝg AgVmo. Ë`mVyZ H$mhr Vm§{ÌH$ AdYmZo H$Q>mjmZo nmibr
Zo‘H§$ hoM AmnU {dgaVmo. (AWm©V Agm H$m°‘Z- OmV. H°$‘oam imaginary lineÀ`m nbrH$S>o OmVm H$m‘
goÝg JmoS>m ~KVmZm A{O~mV H$m‘r `oV Zmhr, Vo EH$ Z`o (Eye line match), H°$‘oam A±Jb ~XbVmZm XmoZ
gmoS>m!) A°Jb‘Yrb H$moZ 30 A§emnojm OmñV AgVm H$m‘m
Va Aem àH$mao Ñí`o g§H${bV H$aVmZm g§H$ënZm§Mo Z`o (H$maU ‘J Vo ‘°M hmoV ZmhrV). nmÌmMr hmbMmb
nm`§S>o éiV Jobo. nwT>o nwT>o, AJXr AmOVmJm`V; g‘Om bm±J em°Q> Am{U {‘S>-em°Q> Aer {M{ÌV
Ë`mÀ`mda {e¸$m‘moV©~ hmoV Job§. AmOhr ~{KVb§V Ho$br Va hmbMmb "H$Q>' ‘Ü`o ‘°M PmbrM nm{hOo,
Va gd© nm̧, Ë`m§Mm g^modVmb, Ë`mV `oUmè`m dñVw, Ago nm`§S>o BVHo$ KÅ> éObo H$s, Ë`mMr EH$ KÅ> Aer
’${Z©Ma dJ¡ao, Ë`m AZwê$n Ho$bobr àH$me `moOZm, {Z¶‘mdbrM ~ZyZ Jobr. Continuity editing ho {MÌnQ>
Agm gd© "{‘O²-Amo-grZ', {M{ÌH$aUmg bmJUmao V§ÌmMo KÅ> {Z`‘ ~ZyZ Jobo. OUy Ë`m {MÌnQ>m§À`m
KQ>H$ àñWm{nV H$aUmam EH$ bm±J em°Q>, qH$dm ‘mñQ>a- commandments hmoË`m, Am{U Ë`m VmoS>Uo ho nmn
em° Q >, Ë`mZ§ V a nmÌm§ À `m hmbMmbr§ à ‘mUo , hmoVo.
g§^mfUmà‘mUo `oUmao {‘S>-em°Q>, Omo ZQ> ~mobV Agob 1960À`m XeH$mV ’«$m§g‘Ü`o H$mhr {gZo‘mào‘r
Ë`mMo ŠbmoOAßg, Xwgam ZQ> qH$dm ZQ>r Vo EoH$V Amho VéU Am§Ðo ~mPm `m§À`m {gZo‘mg dmhÿZ KoVboë`m
ho XmIdUmao [aA°ŠeZ-em°Q>²g, g§^mfUmV ~mobV "H$møo Xy {gZo ‘ m' ( Cahiers du Cinema )
Agboë`m ì`º$sÀ`m g§^mfUmZwgma hmoUmao [aìhg© {Z`VH$m{bH$mV {bhÿ bmJbo. `mV JmoS>m, V¥’$mo, í`m~«mb
°
em°Q>²g qH$dm "Amoìha X emoëS>a em°Q²>g',XmoZ Ñí`m§À`m ¶m§gmaIo {MÌnQ>mZo agagbobo VéU hmoVo.
‘Ü`o `oUmao BÝgQ²g©, qH$dm "H$Q>-Ado' em°Q>²g, ZQ>/ ‘hm`wÕmZ§VaMr ’«$m§g‘Yrb VéUmB© OmJ{VH$
ZQ>çm§Mr hmbMmb "’$m°bmo' H$aUmao n°Z em°Q>²g, EImXr AmH$bZ H$doV KoD$ nmhV hmoVr. O‘©Z A{YnË`mImbr
dñVw ’«o$‘‘Ü`o AmUÊ`mgmR>r Ho$bobo "{Q>ëQ>', nmÌmÀ`m Agboë`m ’«$m§g‘Ü`o `wÕ H$mimV A‘o[aH$s {gZo‘mda
Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ KoVbobo "nm°BQ§ > Am°’$ ìøy' em°Q>² g , EImÚm ~§Xr hmoVr. AmVm Vo `oD$ bmJbo Am{U Ë`mV {XgUmar
Ñí`mbm AYmoaopIV H$aUmao, Odi OmD$Z {ZarjU D$Om©, ‘moH$ionUm, àm§OinUm ~KyZ ho VéU à^m{dV
H$aUmao "Pw‘' Aer Ñí` `moOZm éiV Jobr. AJXr Pmbo . VËH$mbrZ ’« | $ M {gZo ‘ mMm ~§ { XñVnUm,
Ñí`-~XbmMo transition-effectsMo R>moH$VmioXoIrb ê$T>r~ÕnUm Ë`m§Zm IQ>Hy$ bmJbm. àM{bV {MÌnQ>
gmMo~Õ hmoV Jobo. Ñí` ~XbmgmR>r "{S>Pm°ëd', doi ^mfm Ë`m§Zm gmMbobr Am{U VmoH$S>r dmQy> bmJbr.
~XbmgmR>r "’o$S>-BZ, ’o$S>-AmCQ>'. EImXr ì`º$s Ë`m§Zm {MÌnQ>mVyZ doJi§ H$mhr XmIdm`M§ hmoV§, Am{U
nS>Úmda doJir H$ê$Z AYmoapo IV H$aÊ`mgmR>r dmnabobo Ë`mgmR>r Zdr ^mfm Amdí`H$ hmoVr. nma§n[aH$ {MÌnQ>
Jmob ‘mñH$ dJ¡ao. {MÌnQ>mMo H$WZ AmoKdË`m e¡brV Tw>É>mMm`mªMo {Z`‘ Ë`m§Zm OmMH$ dmQ>V hmoVo. {X½Xe©H$
hmoB©b Ago "AÑí` g§H$bZ' (Invisible editing) H°$‘oè¶mÛmao {MÌnQ>mMo boIZ H$aVmo, {MÌnQ> gd©ñdr
dmnaÊ`mH$S>o H$Q>mj hmoVm. {X½Xe©H$mMm AgVmo, Vmo Ë`mMm Author AgVmo. (’«|$M
åhUOo g§H$bZ Ho$bo Amho ho àojH$m§Zm H$iVmXoIrb ‘Ü`o Auteur ) hrM Vr Am°Vao {WAar, hoM Vo camera
30 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
stylo, (H°$‘oam-noZ) Am{U hrM Vr ’«|$M Ý`y doìh ‘oS> BZ `y. Eg. E. hm Ë`mVrb EH$. A‘o[aH$Z
Midi! JmoS>m `m MidirMm AJ«Ur hmoVm. (BWo {MÌnQ>mÀ`m `m ~mOmH$S>o JmoS>m "~mhoê$Z' VQ>ñWnUo
EH$ bjmV ¿`md§ bmJob, H$s gm{hË`mVrb "g§km nmhV Amho. XwH$mZmV R>do boë`m [aìhm°ëdag©, VéUrÀ`m
àdmh Midi' qH$dm {MÌH$boVrb "B§àe o {ZP‘' qH$dm hmVmVrb JZ, Aer Ñí`o {MÌnQ>mV dma§dma `oVmV.
O‘© Z {gZo ‘ mVrb "O‘© Z EŠgào e {ZP‘' `m EImÚm empãXH$ IoimVrb "’$mñQ> amD$§S>'‘Ü`o
Midirà‘mUo hr "well defined' Midi ZìhVr. g‘moaÀ`mZo EH$ eãX Cƒabm H$s, doi A{O~mV Z
H$mhr ’«$| M VéU {X½Xe©H$mZr AË`§V doJio, ZmdrÝ`nyU© XdS>Vm Ë`mdê$Z gwMUmao eãX Ogo ~mobm`Mo AgVmV,
{MÌnQ> EH$m nmR>monmR> {Xbo. Am{U Vo à`ËZ "’«|$M Ý`y Vgo A‘o[aH$m åhQ>ë`mda Oo Oo gwMob, Oo Oo {Xgob
doìh' åhUyZ OmJ{VH$ {gZo-{dídmV AmoiIbo OmD$ Ë`m gd© à{V‘m Amnë`mbm {MÌnQ>mV {XgVmV. Ë`mV
bmJbo.) A‘o[aH$Z P|S>çmMo bmb, nm§T>am Am{U {Zio a§JXoIrb
H$mhr {d{eï> "AmQ>u' {MÌnQ> {X½Xe©H$m§Zm A{^OmV Ambo!
R>adyZ ñdV…Mr d¡{eîQ>çnyU© e¡br Agboë`m {hÀH$m°H$, ~o»VMo Am{báH$aUmMo V§Ì JmoS>m `mV dmnaVmo.
hm°dS>© hm°H$ gma»`m ‘w»` àdmhmVrb {X½Xe©H$m§Zm `mVrb nmÌ Iar dmQy> Zm XoVm Vr A‘o[aH$Z J±JñQ>a
Xwæ`‘ XOm© XoD$Z doJù`m n§º$sV ~gdUo `m bmoH$m§Zm {MÌnQ>mVrb ì`{º$aoIm§À`m gmÀ`mMo A‘yV© àm{V{Z{YH$
AÝ`m`H$maH$ dmQ>b.o Ë`m§Zr A‘o[aH$Z hm°brdyS> {gZo‘mMo ê$n dmQ>mdrV `mMr nyU© H$miOr Vmo {MÌnQ>^a KoVmo.
nwZ‘y©ë`m§H$Z Ho$bo. `m {X½Xe©H$m§Mr n¥ð>^mJr {XgUmar Oo H$mhr g§dmX EoH$y `oVmV Vo nS>Úmdarb BVa AmdmOmV
e¡brM Zìho Va Ë`mVyZ `oUmao A§V…ñW "‘mo{Q>’$', ~wSy>Z H$ioZmgo hmoVmV. Am{U Oo g§dmX EoHy$ `oVmV
"n°Q>Ýg©' Ë`mVyZ gmH$ma hmoUmam nmoV `m gdmªM§ Ë`m§Zr Ë`m§Mm g§X^© bmJV Zmhr, AW©~moY hmoV Zmhr. EH$
~maH$mB©Z§ {díbofU Ho$b§. `m gd©M ‘§S>ir§da A‘o[aH$s nm̧ ~ma‘Ü`o åhUV§XoIrb, ‘r dmŠ` ~ZdÊ`mMm
{gZo‘mM§ JéS> hmoV§. JmoS>mda Va ImgM! A‘o[aH$s à`ËZ H$aVmo. nU ‘bm Vr AmdS>V ZmhrV. H$maU?
OrdZe¡br, {MÝho, ‘mo{Q>’$, ßbm°Q> JmoS>m Amnë`m H$maU Vr {ZaW©H$ AgVmV. Ë`mZ§Va nmÌmÀ`m Vm|S>r,
{MÌnQ>mV OmJmoOmJr dmnaVmo. Q>~o b ½bmgda ~gbobr AmhoV, pIS>H$s VwÂ`m S>mùo `mV
Ë`mMm MADE IN USA hm {MÌnQ> Ë`m Ñï>rZo nmhV Amho, ‘r Vo Xma CKS>Vmo Am{U Xma ñQy>bmda
{deof Aä`mg H$aÊ`mOmoJm Amho. ~gV§ , grqbJ {Xì`mbm bQ>H$b§ Amho Aer
H$moH$mH$mobm, ~J©a, ~moJmQ>©, hm°brdyS>, {S>ñZo, ì`mH$aUÑîQ>çm `mo½`, nU ì`mdhm[aH$ÑîQ>çm {ZaW©H$
{gJaoQ>g, nãg, JÝg Am{U J±JñQ>g©, goŠg, Aer Aer dmŠ`o `oD$Z OmVmV. Am{U ~maQ>|S>a ‘Ü`oM
gd© A‘o[aH$Z {‘WHo$, ZQ> ZQ>çm§Mo ‘°ñH$m°Q> (à{V‘m), åhUyZ OmVmo, dmŠ`mZm AW©M Zgob Va ‘r Vwbm Xmê$
OrdZ e¡br, Cƒma nÕVr, ~m°S>r b±½doO gd© H$mhr gwÕm gìh© H$ê$ eH$Uma Zmhr (AmnU Hw$R>ë`mhr
`mV ì`Ë`mgmZo `oV!o J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘‘Ü`o `oUmao Am{X~§Y ~ma‘Ü`o Ag§ H$mhr ~aibmo, Va {VWbm doQ>aXoIrb
(pñQarAmo-Q>mB©ßg `m AWm©Z)o JmoS>m A‘yV© [aË`m dmnaVmo. hoM åhUob!)
OUy hr nm̧ Aem "S>mH©$-{MÌnQ>mMo' A‘yV© à{V{ZYr A‘o[aH$m ho d¡`{º$H$ ñdmV§Í`, gÎmm KoD$Z `oV§.
AgmdoV. JmoS>m åhUyZ Jobm` H$s, EH$ VéUr Am{U Am{U JmoS>mÀ`m Ñï>rZo to be free is to exist! Ago
EH$ JZ KoD$Z Vwåhr {MÌnQ> ~Zdy eH$Vm Am{U ho g§nyU© ì`{º$-ñdmV§Í¶ H$‘mbrMm EH$mH$snUm Am{U
Ë`mZo Ë`mÀ`m AZoH$ {MÌnQ>mV H$ê$Z XmIdb§ Amho. Am{bá ^mdZm AmUV§. Am{U `m Jmoï>r JmoS>mÀ`m
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 31
{MÌnQ>mV nXmonXr {XgVmV. JmoS>m åhUyZ Jobm` to be {díbofH$ JmoS>m À`m "~«oWbog' {MÌnQ>mVrb "H$ma-
or not to be is not really a question. {g¹o$Ýg'Mo CXmhaU XoVmV. EH$m H$ma‘YyZ EH$ VéU
A‘o[aHo$Mo {‘WH$ dmnaVmZm JmoS>m Ë`mbm Alice in d EH$ VéUr àdmg H$aV AmhoV. XmoKmZmhr nmR>‘moao
wonderland gmaIo n[aH$WoMo ñdê$n XoVmo. Zm{`Ho$Mo {M{ÌV Ho$bo Amho. H°$‘oam H$Yrhr nwT>o OmV Zmhr.
ZmdXoIrb A°{bg Amho. A°{bg, Vy bwB© H°$am°b XmoKm§Mm g§dmX Mmby Amho. Why are you sad?
~amo~a Omerb `m gmaIr dmŠ`§XI o rb AmhoV. ~moJmQ>,© Because I am That is sad But that is silly g§dmX
{S>ñZo, A‘o[aH$m åhQ>ë`mda Oo Oo S>moù`mg‘moa `oV§ Vo, H$aUmam VéU ’«o$‘‘Ü`o Zmhr. VéUr EoH$V Amho,
(‘o[abrZ ‘Zamo H$m Zmhr?) Am{U R>mgyZ ^abobo BVa à{VgmX XoV Amho, ~mobV Amho, nU Ë`mVrb ‘Yë`m
VmpÎdH$, g‘mOemór`, gm{hpË`H$ g§X^© ho gd© ’«o$‘g JmoS>m H$mnyZ Q>mH$Vmo. Am{U Vmo ’o$‘g "O§n-
AgyZhr Ë`mVrb {dZmoX~wÕr, IoiH$a ~wÕr OmJê$H$ H$Q>' {gZo‘m-{dídmV AdVaVmo. g§^mfU EH$Ord
Amho. Ë`mMm A§Vàdmh EIÜ`m Burlesque gmaIo amhV Zmhr, a-synchronous hmoV OmV§. ‘mñQ>a em°Q>
gmYå`© XmIdV {dS§>~Z H$aUmam Amho. Zmhr, Hw$R>ohr hmbMmbr EH$Ord H$aUmam "‘°M-H$Q>'
JmoS>m Or {WAar ‘m§S>Vmo Vr Vmo Ë`mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ Zmhr, Hw$UmMohr reaction shots ZmhrV. H$ma‘YyZ àdmg
à^mdrnUo XmIdyZ XoVmo. (OmJ{VH$ {gZo‘mV Ag§ MmbyM Amho, nmR>‘moam! ({MÌnQ>^a h±S>-hoëS> H°$‘oam
H$aUmao ’$º$ Xmo Z M {X½Xe© H $ Amho V . n{hbm dmnabm Amho. àM{bV {gZo‘m Ë`mbm {eH$mD$
Am`PoñQ>mB©Z Am{U Xwgam VmaH$modñH$s) Amnë`mbm amateurish g‘OV Ago. Aem S>m°Š`w‘oÝQ´r ñQ>mBbZo
{MÌnQ>mVyZ, {MÌnQ>m~Ôb, {MÌnQ>mÀ`m ^mfo~Ôb, KoVbobo Q´°qH$J-em°Q>g ~KyZ W¸$ ìhm`bm hmoV§.)
aMZo~Ôb H$m` H$am`M§ Amho ho JmoS>m Amnë`m AJXr WmoS>Š`mV, {MÌnQ>mÀ`m àM{bV nm`§S>çm§Zm ˶mZo M¸$
n{hë`m {MÌnQ>mnmgyZ XmIdyZ XoVmo. Ho$amMr Q>monbr XmIdbr Amho.
1960 gmbr Ë`mMm "~«oWbog' hm n{hbm {MÌnQ> Z§VaÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV ’°$³Q> Am{U {’$ŠeZ `mVrb
Ambm, Am{U EH$ ‘yb^yV doJim {MÌnQ> {dMma, gr‘maofm JmoS>m nwgyZ Q>mH$Vmo. ì`{º$aoIm, A°ŠeZ,
e¡br, Am{U aMZm ‘m§S>Umam {X½Xe©H$ {gZo-nQ>bmda n[aga `m§Zm Vmo à{V‘m§À`m nmVirda KoD$Z `oVmo.
Ambm` Aer XIb OmJ{VH$ {gZo-{dídmZo KoVbr. à{V‘mVyZ {XgUmam WoQ> g§~§Y, H$m`©H$maU-^md Vmo
éiboë`m nma§n[aH$ {MÌnQ> V§Ìmbm, ‘m§S>Urbm H$mTy>Z Q>mH$Vmo, Am{U à{V‘m§Mm {Zìdi à{V‘m åhUyZ
Am{U {df`mbm Ë`mZo C^m N>Xo {Xbm hmoVm. Continuity Cn`moJ H$aVmo. {MÌnQ>mV {Xgbobr h§’«o$ ~moJQ>©Mr
editing, eyeline-match, g§dmXm ~amo~a `oUmam EH$Ord nmo ñ Q> g © , AJXr Ë`mV dmnabo b o OmP g§ J rVmMo
AmdmO (synchronous sound) `mbm Ë`mZo nyU© ’$mQ>m VwH$S>Xo I o rb {MÝh åhUyZ `oVmV. A‘o[aH$s g§ñH¥$Vr~Ôb
{Xbm hmoVm. AÑí` g§H$bZ ZmH$mê$Z CbQ> Vo R>iH$nUo JmoS>mMr AmñWm Aem imagesÛmao nXmonXr {XgyZ `oVo.
{Xgob, OmUdV amhrb Ago dmnabo! nU Ë`mVyZ {XgUmè`m nR>S>çm JmoS>m nyU© doJionUmZo
‘°M-H$Q>Mo CƒmQ>Z H$ê$Z O§n-H$Q> ApñVÎdmV dmnaVmo. hm dmna Am{U EH§$Xa {MÌnQ>mMm "’$sb'
AmUbm hmoVm. O§n-H$§Q> hr JmoS>mZo {MÌnQ> n[a^mfobm EImÚm improvisation gmaIm Amho. EH$m Ñí`mV
(vocabulary) {Xbobr XoUJrM åhUmdr bmJob. ‘m|Q>mO Zm`H$ nmR>‘moam H$maÀ`m {S>H$sV S>moH$mdVmZm {XgVmo,
åhQ>bm H$s, Ogo Am`PoñQ>mB©ZÀ`m "AmoS>ogm ñQ>oßg'Mo Va nwT>À`mM jUr Ë`mÀ`m hmVmV {nñVyb {XgVo.
CXmhaU {Xbo OmVo, Vg O§n-H$Q> åhQ>bm H$s {MÌnQ> n°Z‘Ü`o hmVmVrb {nñVwbmMm ŠbmoOn, njr (gÑe
32 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
H$mhr Var) JmoirZo nS>VmZm, {nñVwbmMm AmdmO ‘mÌ ZmhrV Zm? `mda JmoS>mM§ CÎma hmoV§, ‘wirM Zmhr, hr
qgH$ Ho$bobm Zmhr. EH$hr establishing em°Q> Zmhr, amOH$s` {’$ë‘ Amho. AmZm H$arZmbm JmoS>mZo EH$m
nwT>o H$m` KS>ob `mMr Hw$R>brhr nyd©gyMZm Zmhr! Om{hamVnQ>mV n{hbo hmoVo. {Vbm {MÌnQ>m§Mm AZw^d
({Q>{nH$b JmoS>m) Aem Ñí¶mVyZ {MÌnQ>mbm EH$ ZìhVm, nU JmoS>mMr nmaI {H$Vr CÎm‘ hmoVr `mMr
ApñVÎddmXr nmoV {‘iVmo. àVr{V {VZo nwT>rb AZoH$ {’$ëåg‘Ü`o {Xbr. JmoS>mMo
EH$m Ñí`mV EH$m ~mWê$‘À`m Amaí`mg‘moa Zm`H$ H$arZm ~amo~aMo ZmVog§~§Y EH$ ZQ>r åhUyZ Am{U nËZr
Zm{`Ho$Mm g§dmX Mmby Amho, Voìhm JmoS>m àË`j åhUy Z ~J© ‘ Z Am{U {bìh Cb‘Z ¶m§ À `m
Zm{`Ho$Mm Zmhr Va {VÀ`m Amaí`mVrb à{V‘oMmXoIrb ZmVog§~§Ym§BVHo$M CËH$Q> Am{U Jw§VmJw§VrMo AmhoV
Zm`H$mÀ`m Ñï>r ~amo~a eye-line-match (Ñï>r-^oQ>?) (d¡`{º$H$ Am`wî`mVbo g§~Y§ BWo Z‘yX H$aÊ`mMo H$maU
H$aVmo. Ho$di EH$m Ñí¶mVyZ Zo‘Ho$nUo Amnë`mbm åhUOo Vo {MÌnQ>mVyZ {XgVmV Am{U H$Yr H$Yr
XmoZ nmÌm§‘Yrb {ZgaS>çm (elusive) g§~§Ym§Mm A§XmO {MÌnQ>mda n[aUm‘XoIrb H$ê$Z OmVmV.). {b{Q>b
`oVmo. gmoëOa AmbOo[a`mÀ`m ‘wº$s g§J«m‘mda Amho, ’«|$M
"~«oWbog' hm àM{bV {MÌnQ>mnojm BVH$m doJim amï´>mZo AmbOo[a`mda A{VH«$‘U Ho$b§ hmoV§. 13 ‘o
hmoVm H$s, nXmn©UmVM JmoS>m Ooð> OmJ{VH$ {gZo- 1958 amoOr Ë`m{déÕ CR>md Pmbm hmoVm. (OoVo amï´>
{X½Xe©H$m§À`m n§JVrV OmD$Z ~gbm. EH$ "Am°Voa' Aem ‘wº$s g§J«m‘mbm CR>mdM åhUVmV.) JmoS>m Aem
{gZo-{dídmbm {‘imbm hmoVm. àH$maÀ`m A{VH«$‘Um {déÕ hmoVm. Ë`mMr YmaUm
{MÌnQ> hm Amnbm ídmg Agë`mà‘mUo JmoS>m gX¡d A±Q>r-dm°a am{hbobr Amho. nwT>o Amnë`m la
{MÌnQ> ~ZdV am{hbm. 1960 (~«oWbog) Vo 1969 Chionese {MÌnQ>mV Vmo ho A{YH$ AUHw$MrXmanUo
(drH$E§S>) hm {MÌnQ>mVrb H$mbI§S> hm JmoS>mMm "Ý`y ‘m§S>Vmo. {bQ>b gmoëOa‘Ybm ~«Zw mo EH$ ’$moQ>m-o OZm©{bñQ>
doìh' H$mbI§S> qH$dm "{gZo‘°{Q>H$' H$mbI§S> g‘Obm Amho Ë`mMo ’«|$M gaH$maÀ`m COì`m JQ>mer g§~§Y
OmVmo. JmoS>mMo nwñVH$ "JmoS>m Am°Z JmoS>m' hmM H$mbI§S> AmhoV. Vmo doamo{ZH$m S´A
o a (AmZm H$arZm) `m `wdVrÀ`m
bjmV KoVo. Ë`m nwT>rb H$mbI§S>mV JmoS>m amOH$s` ào‘mV Amho. Ë`mbm AmbOo[a`Z H«$m§{VH$maH$ JQ>mbm
{MÌnQ>-{Z~§Y H$ê$ bmJbm, Z§Va ˶mhrnwT>o OmD$Z ‘XV H$aUmè`m EH$m àmo’$o gabm ‘maÊ`mMm hþH$y ‘ Amho.
{MÌnQ>mVyZ {MÌnQ>mMr ^mfm, g§ñH¥$VrMm ZídanUm, ~«wZmo nH$S>bm OmVmo, Ë`mMm N>i Ho$bm OmVmo,
^mfoMm VmoH$S>onUm, IwÔ à{V‘m§Mm Aì`º$nUm `mda doamo{ZH$mMm gwÕm N>i Ho$bm OmVmo. Aer Vm|S>r
qMVZ H$ê$ bmJbm, Vmo gVV àJë^ hmoV Jobm, nU bmdm`bm Jmoï> Amho. ~mH$s g~Hw$N> JmoS>m! {MÌnQ>
Ë`mMr {MÌnQ> ^mfm A{YH$m{YH$ AgmYmaU, AmË‘‘¾ gai gwMdVmo H$s, ’«$m§gZo AmbOo[a`m {déÕ EH$
(Idiosyncratic) hmoV Jobr. nU `m gdmªMr ‘wi§ KmUoaS>o `wÕ Ioibo hmoV.o Ë`m‘wio OmZodmar 1963n`ªV
Amnë`mbm Ë`mÀ`m `m "Ý`y doìh' H$mbI§S>mV {XgVmV. {VÀ`mda ’«$m§g‘Ü`o ~§Xr hmoVr.
Amnë`m nwT>À`m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o The little soldier‘Ü`o "dw‘Z BO A dw‘Z' (1961) hr JmoS>mMr n{hbr
Ë`mbm Ë`mMr AmdS>Vr ZQ>r (Am{U nwT>o Ë`mMr nËZr) a§JrV {’$ë‘. `mV JmoS>m a§JmZo a§Jn§M‘r Ioibm`!
AmZm H$arZm gmnS>br. "~«oWbog' {MQ>nQ>egmR>r {VZo (åhUOo ‘moOHo$ nmM ghm a§J Am{U Ë`mMr noñQ>b
ZH$ma {Xbm hmoVm. {b{Q>b gmoëOa H$aVmZm {VZo JmoS>mbm n°boQ> Ë`mZo {MÌnQ>^a dmnabr Amho.) bmb a§JmÀ`m
{dMmab§ hmoV§, ga, ‘bm H$nS>o Va H$mT>mdo bmJUma nmíd©^y‘rda H$marZmMm ‘°OoÝQ>m Mohoam, noñQ>b eoS>da
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 33
`oUmao ^S>H$; bmb, {ndim, {Zim Ago "~o{gH$ nS>ÚmÀ`m {d{dY ^mJmV Vr C‘Q>VmV, ’o$S>-BZ ,’o$S>-
H$bg©', ‘°OQ| >m, bmb, Aem a§JmVyZ H$mù`mH$S>o OmUmao Am¡Q> hmoVmV, bwH$bwH$VmV, A§Jmda `oVmV, {S>ñQ>°mQ>©
"H$ba ãbrMog' ho gd© {MÌnQ>mÀ`m {df`mbm Am{U hmoVmV. nU Vo H$Yrhr BVa {MÌnQ>m§À`m ‘Wù¶m§à‘mUo
nmoVmbm gmOogo AmhoV. JmoS>mMm a§JmMm dmna doJim, `oUmè`m "{g¹o$Ýg'Mm gmam§e gm§JV ZmhrV. H$Yr
`w{ZH$ Amho. Om°Bg‘Ü`o bhmZ ‘wbmbm Ogm a§JmMm H$Yr Vmo nwñVH§$XoIrb ‘Wù¶m§à‘mUo dmnaVmo.
emoY bmJVmo ("’$sZoJÝg doH$') Vgm VmOm emoY "contempt' {MÌnQ>mV waves `m ‘Wù¶m§Imbr bmQ>mM § m
Amnë`mbm JmoS>mMo a§J ~KyZ bmJVmo. a§Jm~amo~a `oUmar àg§J `oVmo, bmQ>m {H$Zmè`mH$S>o `oVmV Voìhm ìh{O©{ZAm
associations JmoS>m nyU©nUo ZoñVZm~yV H$aVmo. bmb dyë’$Mo Ë`m ZmdmMo nwñVH$ {XgVo.
a§J åhQ>bm H$s aº$, aoS>~wH$, gmo{dEV P|S>m Aem JmoS>mMm a§Jm§Mm dmna ~KyZ Am§Vmo{ZAm°Zr qH$dm
à{V‘m Amnë`mg‘moa VaiVmV. JmoS>mM§ nm̧ åhUV§ VmaH$modñH$sÀ`m {MÌnQ>mVrb a§J nmhÿZ AmnU H$go
"bmb a§J hm ’$º$ EH$ a§J Amho (red is just a W¸$ hmoVmo, Vgo W¸$ ìhm`bm hmoVo. JmoS>mMm hm a§Jm§Mm
colour), JmoS>mMo a§J EImÚm {ZAm°Z-gmB©Zà‘mUo R>iH$ dmna EH$‘odm{Û{V`‘ Amho. ^mfoVbm I§S>rVnUm,
AjamV bmb Am{U {Zù`m a§JmV "OrdZ' "{gZo‘m' Discontinuity XmIdm`bm JmoS>m a§Jm§Mm dmna H$aVmo.
Ag§ gm§JV AgVmV. {Zim, bmb, {ndim ho ~o{gH$ (JmoS>m a§Jm§À`m ~m~VrV BVH$m OmJê$H$ hmoVm, H$s
a§J JmoS>m à^mdrnUo dmnaVmo. Y¸$m XoUmao, A§Jmda Oo ì hm Ë`mÀ`m bjmV Amb§ H$s H$mo S ° > H$À`m
MmbyZ `oUmao a§J Agm Ë`m§Mm dmna H$aVmo. "contempt' BñQ>‘ZH$ba‘Ü`o JS>X Vn{H$ar a§JmMr "a|O' (latitude)
(Le Mepris- 1963) ‘Ü`o {XgUmè`m {Zù`m q^Vr, {‘iV Zmhr Voìhm Ë`mZo H$moS°>H$ H§$nZrbm OmhranUo
~oS>ê$‘‘Ü`o `bmo Am°H$a a§JmÀ`m nmíd©^y‘rda {~«OoQ> d§edmXr, racist åhQ>bo. Am{U Vo Iao {ZKmbo H$maU
~maS>m°Q> `m ZQ>rÀ`m A§JmdaMr bmb ^S>H$ MmXa, H$moS>° H$Mr {’$ë‘ IamoIaM H$m°H$o er`Z Jmoè`m a§Jm§gmR>r
"bm Mm`mo{Zg' {MÌnQ>mV g°n-J«rZ nQ²>Q>çmda `oUmao ~Zdbr hmoVr. `mbm AWm©V AW©H$maU H$maUr^yV
bmb nÅ>o, ~wH$-Ho$g‘Ü`o bmdbobr bmb nwñVHo$, hmoV§, H$maU "H$mio' bmoH$ hm°brdyS> {MÌnQ>mV `oVM
ZQ>çm§Zm {Xbobo bmb Am{U g°n-J«rZ nohoamd. "{nAao' ZìhVo. 1985n¶ªV H$moS°>H$À`m `m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o ~Xb
{MÌnQ>mV ZQ>mMm {ndù`m a§JmV a§Jdbobm Mohoam, Pmbm Zmhr. JmoS>mbm Amnbr Vm§{ÌH$ gm‘J«r nyU©nUo
"Contempt' ‘Ü`o ZQ> (~ob‘m|S>m)o Amnbm Mohao m {Zù`m ‘m{hVr hmoVr hoM `mVyZ {XgV§.)
a§JmV a§JdVmo Am{U Ë`mda ^S>H$ {ndù`m a§JmMo BWo AmnU WmoS>o "[admBªS>' H$ê$Z nwÝhm Ë`mÀ`m"dw‘Z
S>m`Zm‘mBQ²g Jw§S>miyZ ãbmñQ> H$aVmo. "Woman is a BO A dw‘Z' `m {MÌnQ>mH$S>o `oD$. "A‘o[aH$Z
Woman' qH$dm " Made in USA'‘Ü`o dmnabobo bmb, g§Jr{VHo$bm ‘mZd§XZm' åhUyZ JmoS>mZo hr {’$ë‘ Ho$br.
nm§T>am, {Zim ho A‘o[aH$Z P|S>çmMo a§J AË`§V H$ënH$VoZo `mV g§JrV, Z¥Ë`, Z¾Vm Amho, A‘o[aH$Z "å`w{PH$b'Mm
dmnabo AmhoV. Jmofdmam Ë`mV Ambm Amho. (Ë`mV EH$ {MÌnQ>
ho a§J JmoS>m Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mVrb ‘Wù¶m§ZmXoIrb B{VhmgmV JmObobr Mw~§ Znyd© V`mar Am{U Mw~§ ZXoIrb
dmnaVmo. JmoS>mMo ‘Wio AË`§V d¡{eîQ>çnyU© AgVmV. Amho.) nU ho Vwåhmbm JmoS>m AWm©VM ZrQ> nmhÿ XoV
(~m°ÝS> {MÌnQ>m§Mr ‘m°[ag q~S>aZo Ho$bobr, {H$dm Zmhr, Vwåhr Ë`mV Jw§VyZ nS>Ê`mÀ`m AmYrM Vmo Ë`mM§
{hMH$m°H$À`m Q>m`Q>b {g¹o$Ýg‘Ybr Aja§ AmR>dVmV.) "àhgZ' gwê$ H$aVmo. Am{U Vwåhmbm Ë`m Ñí¶mnmgyZ
nS>Úmda EHo$H$ Aja "A°Q> a±S>‘' COiV OmVo, A{bá H$aVmo. Mma q^VrV JwX‘abob§ g§gm[aH$ OrdZ,
34 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
H$bmH$mamÀ`m ‘ZmV gX¡d Agbob§ ^md{ZH$ Am{U n°Q>Ýg©, Wr‘g, AmH¥${V~§Y AmhoV. Ë`mÀ`mda AmnU
H$bmË‘H$ Û§ Û , {MÌnQ> - g¥ ï > r À`m "emo - {~P' bj H|${ÐV H$ê$Z JmoS>mMo {MÌnQ>-qMVZ, {MÌnQ>,
nmíd©^‘y rda, àH$fm©Z§ OmUdV§. H$[aZmM§ Am{U JmoS>mM§ {MÌnQ>-^mfm, ^mfm, g§ñH¥$Vr, amOH$maU, gm{hË`
H$m¡Q>w {§ ~H$ Am`wî` {~Zgbob§ hmoV,§ Ë`mMo A§YHw $ nS>gmX BË`mXr ¶m§{df¶r YmaUm g‘OÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$ê$.
AZoH$m§Zm `mV {XgVmV. nU Varhr AmZm H$arZmZo Ë`mgmR>r Ë`mMo doJdoJù`m H$mbI§S>mVbo ‘moOHo$ {MÌnQ>
H$‘mbrM§ H$m‘ Ho$b`. My life to live (1962) `m KoVbo Var nwaogo Amho. JmoS>mÀ`m H$maH$sXuMo VrZ
nwT>À`m {MÌnQ>mVXoIrb AmZmZo H$‘mb Ho$br`. AWm©V ‘hÎdmMo H$mbI§S> ‘mZbo OmVmV. 1. Ý`y doìh qH$dm
JmoS>m e¡br‘Ü`o H$m‘ H$ê$Z! (Am{U Vo OmñV H$R>rU {gZo‘{° Q>H$ H$mbI§S> (1960-1968) 2. H«$m§{VH$mar/
Amho.) JmoS>mH$S>o nyU© ñH«$sZ-ßbo H$YrM Zgm`Mm, Vmo amOH$s` H$mbI§S> (1968-1979) 3. {MÌnQ>
goQ>da g§dmX {bhm`Mm. Improvise H$am`Mm, ZQ> ^mî`H$ma/{MÝh‘r‘m§gmH$ma H$mbI§S> (1980-
ZQ>çmZm gyMZm qH$dm "{S>aoŠeZ' Z XoVm "OmUrd' 2022)
H$ê$Z Úm`Mm. (g§nyU© ñH«$sZ-ßbo Ë`mZo ’$º$ AZoH$ ‘hÎdmÀ`m {MÌnQ>m§Mo {díbofU AmnU
"~«oWbog'gmR>r {b{hbm hmoVm nU Vmohr Ë`mZo dmnabm AmVmn`ªV Ho$boboM Amho. Ë`mZo {MÌnQ> aMZo~Ôb,
Zmhr. EH$m ‘wbmIVrV Ë`mbm ñH«$sZ-ßbo g§~§Yr àíZ Am{U Ame`mÀ`m g§{X½YnUmda Ho$bobo à`moJ Ë`mÀ`m
{dMmabm, JmoS>m åhUmbm AmVmhr XmoZ ñH«$sZ-ßbo Weekend'(1967) First name Carmen(1983)
‘mÂ`m pIemV AmhoV. Am{U Ë`mZo hmVmÀ`m Viì`mV King Lear' (1987) `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ R>iH$nUo
‘mdVrb Aem XmoZ S>m`ar pIemVyZ H$mT>ë`m.) Aem {XgVmV. Vo ~Ky. Am{U ho AmnU {MÌnQ>mÀ§ `m H«$‘mZoM
‘Zñdr {X½Xe©H$m~amo~a H$m‘ H$aU§ {H$Vr H$R>rU Agob Ho$b§ nm{hOo Aer H$mhr gº$s Zmhr!
~Km. JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV A°pŠQ>§J, qH$dm ì`{º$aoIm drH$E§S>(1967)‘Ü`o Va JmoS>m ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$VrM
IwbdÊ`mbm dmd hmoVm H$m? Va {~bHw$b ZìhVm. CgdyZ Q>mH$Vmo. BWo H$moUrhr H$mhrhr Agy eH$V§, Oa
hoM Va Ë`mbm Q>mim`M§ hmoV§. Varhr Ë`mV A°pŠQ>§J ~±H$g© ‘maoH$ar AgVrb, emioV OmUmar ‘wb§ ~§{XdmgmV
`oB©, ^mdZm `oV, nU Ë`m {d{eï> nmÌm§À`m ZgyZ AgVrb, ’$moQ>moJ«m’$g© ^S>do (Pimps) AgVrb,
gmd©{ÌH$ AgV. A‘yV© AgV. H$‘©Mmè`m§da Ë`m§Mo ~m°g X¡Z§{XZ b¢{JH$ AË`mMma
`m {MÌnQ>mV Vr Z°Zm ZmdmMr hmoVH$ê$ ZQ>r Amho. H$aV AgVrb, ‘mUg§ ggo, Sw>H$a§ `mÀ`m ‘m§gm~amo~aM
nwT>o {Vbm n[apñWVr‘wio doí`m ì`dgm`mH$S>o dimd§ ‘mUgmM§ ‘m§gXoIrb ImV AgVrb Va ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$Vr,
bmJV§. Varhr Vr Amnb§ ñdmV§Í¶ {OdmnmS> OnVo. hm civilization CabrM Hw$R>o? JmoS>m g§ñH¥$VrVrb àË`oH$
{MÌnQ> Iyn Mmbbm. (H$Xm{MV Ë`m‘wio JmoS>mbm g§ñWoda h„m MT>dVmo Am{U Ë`m§Zm ZoñVZm~yV H$aVmo.
dmQ>b§ Agob H$s, Amnbo H$mhrVar MwH$bo Amho. `mV gm{hË`, g§JrV, VÎdkmZ, amOH$maU, àM{bV
{MÌnQ> MmbVmo åhUOo . .. "bmZV h¡ ! ) Les AmMma-{dMma H$embmhr Vmo gmoS>V Zmhr. hr Ë`mÀ`m
Carabiniers‘Ü`o nwÝhm `wÕmVrb ’$gdoJrar g‘moa `oV.o "{gZo‘°{Q>H$' qH$dm 'Ý`y doìh' qH$dm H$mbI§S>mVrb
AbOo[a`Z `wÕ, pìhEVZm‘ `m~m~V Vmo Q>moH$Xma eodQ>Mr {’$ë‘ Amho. Ë`mV Vmo {gZo‘mMm A§V Pmbm
H$m°‘|Q> "{bQ>b gmoëOa', "bm MmAmo{ZP', "{nAao bo Amho, Aer KmofUm H$aVmo.
’$m¡' `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ H$aVmo. {MÌnQ>mbm H$WZ narrative Amho. EH$ ~wÁdm©
JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV AZoH$ AmdVu, nwÝhmnwÝhm `oUmao Xm§nË` nËZrÀ`m ‘aUmgÞ d{S>bm§H$Sy>Z Ë`m§Mr g§nÎmr
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 35
hS>n H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$ma‘YyZ àdmgmg {ZKmbo Amho. BVa bmoH$ ‘J EH$ ~±H$ bwQ>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV.
àg§Jr d{S>bm§Mm IyZ H$aÊ`mMrXoIrb Ë`m§Mr V`mar bwQ>mbwQ>rÀ`m gmdù`m Jm|YimV H$ma‘oZ Omogo’$ `m
Amho. àdmgmV Ë`m§Zm AZoH$ M‘ËH$m[aH$ àg§Jm§Zm H$m°{‘H$ ~±H$-ajH$mÀ`m ào‘mV nS>Vo. (nwÝhm EH$Xm
Am{U ‘mUgm§Zm gm‘moao Omdo bmJVo. `mV da Z‘yX VéUr Am{U {nñVyb.) `m {g¹o$Ýg‘Yrb O§n-H$Q>g²
Ho$bobr ‘mUg§ AmhoV. {MÌnQ>mV 10 {‘{ZQ>o MmbUmam nmhmÊ`mgmaIo AmhoV. nyU© {g¹o$Ýg {~Wm°doZÀ`m pñQ´§J
Q´m{’$H$ O°‘ Amho. gVV hm°Z© dmOV AmhoV. H$H©$íenUo. qg’$Zrda improvise Ho$bm Amho. ~°H$ bwQ>rÀ`m àg§JmV
H$Yr EH$Xm ho hm°Z© Wm§~VmV Ag§ Ag§ àojH$m§Zm dmQ>V H$mhr ‘mUg§ em§VnUo nwñVH§$ dmMV ~gbobr AmhoV.
amhV§. BVHo$ Vo Agø hmoVmV. OmJmoOmJr AnKmV JmoS>mZo Ë`mbm ‘wÔm‘ bwQ>w nQw >rM§ (stage-managed) ñdê$n
Pmboë`m ‘moQ>mar CbQ>çm nS>ë`m AmhoV, H$mhr OiV {Xb§ Amho. Omogo’$bm AQ>H$, gwQ>H$m Ago AZoH$
AmhoV. OmJmoOmJr àoV§ nS>br AmhoV. bmoH§$ àoV§ àg§J `oD$Z OmVmV. Omogo’$ Am{U H$ma‘oZ nwÝhm
Amobm§Sy>Z OmV AmhoV. àoVm§À`m A§JmdaÀ`m dñVw, H$mH$mÀ`m AnmQ>©‘|Q>‘Ü`o `oVmV. H$ma‘oZ {VÀ`mda
~yQ> MmoaV AmhoV. Pmboë`m b¢{JH$ à`ËZmMr H$hmUr gm§JVo. {VÀ`m
d{S>bm§À`m Kar Vo nmohmoMVmV Va dS>rb AmYrM Vm|S>r EH$ dmŠ` Amho If I love you, that's the end of
‘obobo AmhoV. AmB© Ë`mMm g§nÎmr‘Ybm dmQ>m XoÊ`mg you.
ZH$ma XoVo. ho {VMm IyZ H$aVmV. naVrÀ`m àdmgmV Vo H$mH$m Om°ZoQ>da ‘J Ë`m J±JñQ>ada {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
{hßnr "H«$m§{VH$maH$m§À`m' VmdS>rV gmnS>VmV. hr H$aÊ`mMr O~m~Xmar Q>mH$VmV.
Midi Mmoè`m Am{U Za^jH$nUmda nmogbobr Amho. EH$m âb°e-~°H$‘Ü`o H$ma‘oZ gm§JVo H$s, ~±H$
ho Xm§nË` niyZ OmÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aVo. nU {hßnr bwQ>Uo Am{U H$mH$m Om°ZQo > `m§Zr J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
bmoH$ Zdè`mMr Im§S>mi o r H$aVmV Am{U {eOdyZ ImVmV. H$aUo hm A{YH$ ‘moR>çm H$mañWmZmMm ^mJ hmoVm.
em§ V {ZgJm© À `m à{V‘m Am{U qhó H$ma- EH$m ‘moR>çm CÚmoOH$mbm qH$dm Ë`mÀ`m ‘wbrbm nidyZ
àdmgmÀ`m à{V‘m {MÌnQ>^a gVV EH$‘oH$mer {^S>V ZoÊ`mgmR>r n¡go C^o H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$mH$m§Zr {X½X{e©V
ahmVmV, EH$‘oH$mZm N>oX XoV amhVmV. Ho$bobr "’o$H$' J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘Mm {XImdm/~Zmd
First name Carmen (1983)‘Ü`o qbJ H$am`Mm hmoVm.
{b`aà‘mUo JmoS>m ñdV… H$m‘ H$aVmo. Ë`mbm EH$m eodQ>r {H$S>Zq° nJMm {Xdg COmS>Vmo. {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
do S > ç m§ À `m BpñnVimV R> o d bo b § Amho , Vmo EH$ H$am`bm H$mH$m JmoS>m AmhoVM. nmíd©^mJmda dmOUmar
Jm|Yibobm {MÌnQ> {X½Xe©H$ Amho Am{U Ë`mMo S>mŠ° Q>a qg’$Zr AmVm nS>Úmda {Xgy bmJVo. Omogo’$ H$ma‘oZda
Ë`mbm gVV gm§JV AmhoV H$s, Ë`mZo bdH$amV bdH$a {nñVyb amoIVmo, Jmoir CS>Vo, H$ma‘oZ Imbr H$mogiVo.
AmOmamMr bjU§ XmIdbr ZmhrV Va Ë`mbm H$mTy>Z Vr ‘obobr Amho Ago g‘OyZ nmo{bg Omogo’$bm AQ>H$
Q>mH$Ê`mV `oB©b. Vmo H$ma‘oZMm H$mH$m Amho. H$ma‘oZ H$ê$Z KoD$Z OmVmV. ^modi `oD$Z nS>bobr H$ma‘oZ
hr Aer `wdVr Amho H$s, {Obm H$ma‘oZ åhUVm hm°Q>ob H$‘©Mmè`mbm åhUVo. What it is called when
H$m‘m Z`o. the innocents are on one side and the guilty on the
other, when everything has been lost but you are
{MÌnQ>mV nwÝhm J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘Mm T>mMm dmnabobm
still breathing and the sun is still rising. H$‘©Mmar
Amho . H$ma‘o Z {VÀ`m H$mH$mH$Sy > Z Ë`mMo
CÎma XoVmo. Daybreak,
g‘wÐ{H$Zmè`mdarb Ka dmnamgmR>r KoVo. Vr Am{U
36 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
{MÌnQ>mMr aMZm Aer Amho H$s, Ë`mVrb Ñí`o `mV Ë`mbm ag hmoVm. Ë`m‘wio Vmo eoŠg{n`aÀ`m
H$erhr bmdbr Var ’$aH$ nS>Uma Zmhr. Q>oŠñQ>bm ‘yb^yV minimalistic nmVirda KoD$Z `oVmo.
JmoS>mM åhUyZ Jobm` {MÌnQ>mbm gwédmV, ‘Ü`, qH$J {b`aMm ‘J ‘m{’$`m S>m°Z {b`amo hmoVmo.
eodQ> Agmdm. nU Vmo Ë`mM H«$‘mZo Agbm nm{hOo {b`a, H$m°S>} {b`m, Am{U ES>Ja gmoS>y Z gd© BVa nmÌm§Zm
Ag§ H$mhr Zmhr. àM{bV H$WZmË‘H$ {MÌnQ>m§Zm, S>ƒy {‘iVmo.
Ë`m§À`m {MÌnQ>mÀ`m KmQ>mbm CÔoeyZ hr JmbmVë`m eoŠg{n`aÀ`m ZmQ>H$mVë`m ’$maM H$‘r Amoir
JmbmV H$monaIir Amho. {MÌnQ> aMZoMr, H$WZmMr, {MÌnQ>mV `oVmV. Ë`mhr WoQ> nmÌmÀ`m Vm|S>r, ZmhrVa
nmoVmMr H$er CbWnmbW H$aVm `oVo ho Ë`mZo Amnë`m nS>Úm~mhoa qH$dm {ZdoXZmVyZ `oVmV. ßbm°Q>Mo Fear
King Lear {MÌnQ>mVyZ XmIdyZ {Xb§. 1983‘Ü`o H°$ZZ and Loathing play the thing no thing Aem àH$maMo
H§$nZrÀ`m ‘w»` {Z‘m©Ë`mZo JmobmZZo (Menahem Golan ‘Wio hmoVmV. {MÌnQ>mÀ`m gwédmVrgM Amnë`mbm
Am°’$ Golan Globus )Zo H$mÝg {’$ë‘ ’o$pñQ>ìhbÀ`m gm§{JVb§ OmV§ H$s, boIH$ Am{U Ë`mMr ‘wbJr {MÌnQ>
Xaå`mZ JmoS>mer S>rb Ho$b§. (ho H$m±ÝQ°́ŠQ> Ë`m§Zr EH$m gmo S y > Z niy Z Jo b r`.(Vo Ia§ M hmo V § ) Vo niy Z
hmVé‘mbmda Ho$b§.) Ë`m§Zm Amnë`m {gZo‘mda nS>bb o m OmÊ`mAmYrMo XmoZ em°Q>g JmoS>m XmIdVmo.
~mOmê$, commercial hm {e¸$m nwgyZ Q>mH$m`Mm hmoVm. MoZm}{~b‘Yrb AUy-^Å>r ’w$Q>ë`mZo gd© g§ñH¥$Vr
S>rb hmoV§ 1 Xe bj S>m°ba, Am{U JmoS>mZo H$m` Zï> Pmbr Amho H$m`?, hm hmXam ‘mZdmZo ‘mZdVoMo
H$am`M§ hmoV§ Va Ë`mZo eoŠg{n`aÀ`m King Lear da H$m` qYS>dS>o H$mT>boV Aem AWm©Mr dmŠ`o `oD$Z
{’$ë‘ ~Zdm`Mr hmoVr. (`mbmM åhUVmV ñdV…M Joë`mda Amnbm ‘yi protagonist {XgVmo. Vmo AmoiI
ñdV…À`m nm`mda Hw$èhmS> ‘mê$Z KoU)§ JmobmZ åhUmbm H$ê$Z XoVmo (nS>Úm~mhoarb AmdmO) ‘r Amho {dë`‘
I love this project! I believe in it, I think it will be a eoŠg{n`a Á`w{ZAa-nmMdm. EH$sH$S>o Q>o~bda ‘wbJr
great movie! ghO åhUyZ eoŠg{n`aÀ`m Amoir åhUV Amho so
Z§Va Ooìhm {’$ë‘bm Cera hmoD$ bmJbm Ver young my lord ..and true EH$sH$S>o S>moŠ`mda dm`a
JmobmZZo KmofUm Ho$br XrS> dfm©nydu H°$ZZ {’$ëågZo ~m§Ybobm JmoS>m (eoŠg{n`aMm {dXyfH$) ~gbobm
JmoS>mÀ`m qH$J {b`a `m {MÌnQ>mMr KmofUm Ho$br Amho. Vo ~è`mM Q>mB‘nmg åhUyZ AZoH$ Jmoï>r H$aV
hmoVr. AmVm e§H$m dmQ>Vo Amho H$s, Vmo {MÌnQ> H$Yr AmhoV Am{U H$YrVar eoŠg{n`aÀ`m AmoirXoIrb
hmoB©b Var H$m? Amåhr Am‘Mm {dídmg Am{U nV åhUV AmhoV.
J‘mdyZ ~gbmo`. ho dmŠ` JmoS>mZo Q>on Ho$b§ Am{U hm eoŠg{n`aMm nmMdm d§eO Ë`mÀ`m nyd©OmZo
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m gwadmVrg Og§À`m Vg§ dmnab§! eoŠg{n`a {b{hbobo ZmQ>H$ emoYyZ H$mT>Ê`mÀ`m à`ËZmV Amho.
hm JmoS>mÀ`m Ñï>rZo ’$º$ Q>Šo ñQ> hmoVm. Ë`m‘wio eoŠg{n`aM§ Agm hm ßbm°Q>, Ia§ Va Z-ßbm°Q> Amho. gwg§JV
adaptation Vmo H$aob Aer gwVam‘ eŠ`Vm ZìhVr. Aer Hw$R>brhr Jmoï> Vmo gm§JV Zmhr. à{V‘m, AmdmO,
Ë`mbm eoŠg{n`aÀ`m JmOboë`m g§dmXmnojm Ë`mVrb ‘Wio, Q>oŠñQ>, BVa H$bmH¥$VtMo g§X^© Am{U BVa
gmd©{ÌH$ Wråg‘Ü`o ñdmañ` hmoV§. gÎmm Am{U AZoH$ àm§Vm§VZy KoVbobo g§X^© KoD$Z {MÌnQ>mMr OS>U-
gX²gX²{ddoH$~wÕr, dS>rb Am{U ‘wbJr, eoŠg{n`aMm KS>U hmoV OmVo.
fool ({dXyfH$) Am{U ì`mdhm[aH$ OJ, ^mfm Am{U nmMdm eoŠg{n`a H°$ZZÀ`m gm§ñH¥${VH$ {d^mJmÀ`m
^mdZm, eãX Am{U à{V‘m `m§À`mVrb nañnag§~§Y S>çyQ>rda Amho. nU AmVm H$mhrM Cabobo Zmhr.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 37
‘Wim `oVmo "No Thing' eoŠg{n`aÀ`m qH$J {b`a‘Ü`o `oVmV I ain't interested in names nmMdm eoŠg{n`a
Ooìhm H$m°S}>{b`m åhUVo {Vbm H$mhr ZH$mo, Voìhm Ë`mbm JXmJXm hbdyZ åhUVmo look, no names, no
qH$J {b`a åhUVmo Nothing comes out of nothing, lines, no lines, no story, no story no plot JmoS>mbm
JmoXX©Zo ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$VrbmM "no Thing' H$ê$Z Q>mH$b§` {MÌnQ>mVyZ hoM Va H$am`M§ Amho! {MÝhm§Mm ^yb^wb`¡ m
(Am{U {’$ë‘ ‘mÜ`‘mbmXoIrb)! Protagonist BVa Ë`mbm V`ma H$am`Mm`!
{X½Xe©H$m§Mr {M̧ nmhV AgVmZm `oUmam eoŠg{n`aÀ`m AmË‘-H$WZ Am{U ñ‘¥Vr, g§ñH¥$Vr Am{U B{Vhmg,
gm°ZQo >Mm AmdmO, nwT>rb H$mhr Ñí¶m§ZV§ a `oUmam "Q>~o b- {MÌnQ>mMm Am{U {MÌnQ>mVyZ B{Vhmg, ^mfm Am{U
Q>m°n' em°Q> (Q>o~bmda nS>boë`m IoiÊ`mda hbUmam à{V‘m, ^mfoMm VmoH$S>onUm, {ZgaS>o ‘mZdr g§~§Y,
àH$me) Aer {H$Ë`oH$ {gZo‘°{Q>H$ Ñí`o `mV ‘w~bH$ gm¢X`©‘r‘m§gm Am{U AmË‘^mZ, Z¡{VH$Vm Am{U
AmhoV, nU Ë`m AW©hrZ à{V‘m AmhoV. ^mfm Am{U {MÌnQ>, amOH$maU Am{U g§ñH¥$Vr, {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm
{dMma `mdarb qMVZXoIrb JmoS>m‘Ü`o {XgUmao Amho. Am{U VÎdkmZ, ÑH$ à{V‘m Am{U Ë`m§Mr OS>U-
Amnë`m `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ JmoS>m OUy åhUVmo` Amo[a{OZb KS>U Am{U àdmg Aem {H$VrVar {df`m§da JmoS>m
{dMma, ^mfm, consciousness `mVrb g§~§Y AË`§V {MÌnQ>mVyZ qMVZ H$aV amhrbm.
Jw§VmJw§VrMo AmhoV. eãX, à{V‘m, AmdmO Am{X‘ Vmo g‘rjH$ hmoVm, VÎdk hmoVm, g‘mOemók
AmhoV Am{U VoM Amnb§ ‘mZg KS>dVmV.. EH$ nmÌ hmoVm, {MÝh {M{H$ËgH$ hmoVm, amOH$s` {dMmad§V
(ZQ>r) åhUV§, Ë`m à‘mUo ^mfm ho EH$ Ka Amho, hmoVm, ~§S>Imoa hmoVm Am{U BVa ~a§M H$mhr hmoVm.
Á`mÀ`mV AmnU amhVmo. ‘w»` åhUOo Vmo JmoS>m hmoVm!
eoŠg{n`aÀ`m {b`aÀ`m n{hë`mM A§H$mV ‘moR>r Agm EH$ gXmo { XV g‘H$mbrZ, {MaVéU,
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Zmhr, AdH$me, ñdV§Í¶ `mÀ`mhr nbrH$S>o OmUmao H$Q> ‘mê$Z {gZo{dídmVyZ {ZKyZ Jobm, `mda {dídmg
ào‘ ‘r H$aVo. ~gV Zmhr.
H$m°S}>{b`m, åhUVo Nothing. H$maU {VMo ào‘ ho Hw$Ur gm§Jmd§ AmnU Ë`mÀ`m Am`wî`mbm The
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Amho ho {b`abm {VZo dmnaboë`m ^mfo n{bH$S>o OmD$Z 
H$ib§ AgV§, Am{U BVa ‘wbr§À`m ^mfoVyZ Amboë`m
ào‘mMm nmoH$inUm Ë`mÀ`m bjmV Ambm AgVm Va
dJ© U rXmam§ Z r Amnbm ìhm° Q >² g A° n H« $ ‘m§ H $ "n[adV© Z mMm
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"ZmdmV H$m` Amho?' Agm àíZM nS>V Zmhr (amo{‘Amo H$idmdm. Amnë¶m gd© VH«$matMr XIb VmVS>rZo KoVbr OmB©b.
A±S> Oy{bEQ>‘Ü`o amo{‘Amo åhUVmo ZmdmV H$m` Amho?
Jwbm~mbm H$mhrhr Zmd {Xb§ Va Vo VodT>oM gwJ§{YV - ì¶dñWmnH$
AgUma!) JmoS>m ‘mÌ nS>Úmda åhUVmo, Am{U Aja§
38 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
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~mOyZo AgVmo qH$dm `wÕmÀ`m {déÕ AgVmo. n{hë`m JQ>mVbo
{MÌnQ>H$ma amï´>^º$sbm qH$dm H$moUË`mVar CXmÎm ‘mZë`m Joboë`m
Ü`o`mbm gdm}ƒ boIVmV. Aem àH$maÀ`m H$mën{ZH$ dm gË`
KQ>Zm§da ~oVbobo Ë`m§Mo {MÌnQ> H$moUË`mVar Ü`o`dmXr `wÕmM§ H$S>dno Uo
"g¡{ZH$' - g‘W©Z H$aVmV. `m {MÌnQ>H$mam§Zm `wÕ AWm©VM Mm§Jb§ dmQ>V§.
CbQ>njr Xwgè`m ‘hm`wÕmZ§Va ~Zboë`m AZoH$ nm{íM‘mË` {’$ëågZr
JmoS>mMm AIoaMm `wÕm‘wio KS>bob§ ‘mZdr H«$m¡`m©M§ W¡‘mZ d ‘mZdr ‘yë`m§Mm gd©Zme
`m§À`mda àH$mePmoV Q>mHy$Z `wÕmbmM qZÚ ‘mZb§ d àË`jmàË`jnUo
{MÌnQ> em§VVoMm nwañH$ma Ho$bm. `wÕ hr g§H$ënZmM Ë`mÁ` Amho, Ag§ ho
Xwgè`m JQ>mVbo {MÌnQ>H$ma àojH$m§Zm gm§Jy BpÀN>VmV.
VWm{n, "g¡{ZH$' Zm‘H$ {MÌnQ>mV ’«|$M "Ý`y doìh'Mm EH$ àUoVm
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Jmoï> H$arV Zmhr. Ë`mÀ`m `m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o JmoS>mMm AmJim n{dÌm
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{’$ë‘M§ ‘yi ’«|$M Zmd "Les carabiniers', Am{U B§p½be Zmd "The
Soldiers'. ‘amR>rV "g¡{ZH$' åhUVm `oBb © . ‘w~§ B©Vrb {’$ë‘ gmogm`Q>r
g^mgXm§Zm hr {’$ë‘ 1968 gmbr XmIdÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr.)
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Ë`m§Zm B©fm© AgVo. Ë`m ^mdm§Mr H$maU§ doJirM AgVmV. Ë`m§Mr
boIH$ nwUopñWV amOH$s¶ gm{h˶mMo Aä¶mgH$
ImÌr Pmbobr AgVo H$s, EH$Xm H$m bT>mB©V "g¡{ZH$' åhUyZ Om°B©Z
AmhoV. PmbmV ‘J Vwåhmbm gJio JwÝho ‘m’$ hmoVmV. CbQ> JwÝhoJmar
sukumarshidore@gmail.com CMmnVr H$aU§ Vw‘M§ "H$V©ì`' hmoV§ Ag§ åhQ>b§ Var Mmbob. g¡{ZH$mbm
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 39
V‘m‘ J¡a-àH$ma COi ‘mÏ`mZo H$aVm `oVmV. naamï´>mV AmUbobo AgVmV. `wÕmV H$moUVr ~mOy qOH$br Vo
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IwngVm `oVmo, ‘moQ>maJmS>çm§Zr ‘Zgmoº$ {’$aVm `oV§, AgVmo! Ë`m§Mr Z§VaMr H¥$Vr åhUOo Vo amOmbm emoYy
B‘maVtZm AmJr bmdVm `oVmV Am{U hm°Q>obm§VyZ {~b§ bmJVmV Am{U Ë`m§Zm ~{jgr {‘imbr nm{hOo Aer
Z XoVm ~mhoa nS>Vm `oV§. AmUIrhr Iyn M¡Z H$aVm ‘mJUr H$ê$ bmJVmV. `m ‘mJUrMr gÎmmYmè`m§H$Sy>Z
`oVo. g¡Ý`-^aVr H$am`bm Ë`m§À`mH$S>o Amboë`m EH$m ì`dpñWV à{V{H«$`m {‘iVo. XmoÝhr ^mdm§Mm W§S>nUo
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Ver ½dmhr {Xbr AgVo. {edm` IwÔ amOmM§ nÌhr T>miV Zmhr. dñVwV… {’$ë‘‘Yrb H$moUË`mhr ‘¥Ë`yMm
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OnyZ R>odVmV. ("amOmM§ nÌ' åhUOo dmñV{dH$ nhmVm Am{U Ë`mMà‘mUo H$moUrhr "hr ~mOy qOH$br'
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Va ‘J Vo XmoZ J«m‘rU ^mD$ - {‘eob|Oobmo Am{U gmOam H$aUma Zmhr. Zm BWo {dO` AmhoV, Zm namO`!
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AmdS>Ë`m Jmoï>r Vo AmZ§XmV {Z CËgmhmV H$ê$ eH$V Zmhr. Zm `wÕmV H$mhr ^`mZH$ Amho, Zm em§VVoV
hmoVo. H$mhr Y¸$mXm`H$ Amho!
H$mhr ‘moOH$s Ñí`o nhm : EH$m ~mB©bm - AWm©VM ‘J AW© Amho Var H$embm? ~hþYm, H$embmM
eÌwnjmÀ`m - {‘eob A§JmdaMo H$nS>o CVadm`Mm Zmhr. JmoS>m `m àíZmM§ CÎma XoD$ BpÀN>V Zmhr. {’$ë‘‘Ü`o
hþH$w ‘ XoVmo Am{U Vr à{H«$`m AY©dQ> Pmbobr AgVmZmM H$moUVmhr àíZ {dMmam`Mm Amd AmUbobm Zmhr.
{VÀ`mda ñdma hmoD$Z bhmZ ‘wbmgmaIm KmoS>m-KmoS>m àíZ {dMmam`À`m H$ënZoMrM gwánUo pI„r CS>dÊ`mV
IoiVmo. Xwgè`m EH$m Ñí`mV EH$ eÌy njmMm OdmZ Ambr Amho. `mbm H$m` åhUm`M§ - {g{Z{gP‘ H$s
añË`mÀ`m ~mOybm nmoñQ>a {MH$Q>dVmZm {‘eob nmhVmo, ApñVÎddmX H$s Xwga§ H$mhrVar? AmnU gm§Jy Zmhr
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Q>miVmo. Xwgam g¡{ZH$ ^mD$ Am`wî`mV n{hë`m§XmM H$mbrZ {hamo; em§VVm Am{U em§VVm-H$mbrZ {hamo.
EH$m {gZo‘m-J¥hmV {eaVmo, Am{U Ooìhm nS>Úmda ‘mZdOmVrÀ`m {ZåZV‘ loUrda Zo‘H§$ ~moQ> R>odyZ hr
ñZmZ H$aUmar gw§Xar {XgVo, Voìhm {Vbm ZrQ> ~KVm {’$ë‘ àË`oH$ àH$maÀ`m Xm§{^H$nUmH$S>o R>m‘nUo nmR>
`md§ åhUyZ {gZo‘mMm nS>Xm Q>amQ>am ’$mS>Vmo. {’$adVo.
XmoÝhr g¡{ZH$-^mD$ Aem àH$mao `wÕ-joÌmV ‘moH$mQ> `m {MÌnQ>mM§ AmìhmZ ~wÕrbm Amho, ^mdZm§Zm
gwQ>bb o o AgVmV Am{U ~o’$m‘ OrdZ ‘Zgmoº$ OJVmV. {VVH$g§ Zmhr. {MÌnQ>mV OmUrdnydH© $ XyaËdmMm n[aUm‘
Ooìhm XmoK§ Amnë`m KamH$S>o naVVmV, Voìhm XmoKm§Zr
Ë`m§À`m ~m`H$m§gmR>r {nŠMa nmoñQ>H$mS>mªMo JÇ>oÀ`m JÇ>o (nmZ H«$. 46 da)
40 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
{deof boI hm boI {b{hÊ`m‘mJo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr AmoiI H$ê$Z XoUo hm
‘w»` CÔoe Amho. Ë`mM ~amo~a VËH$mbrZ g‘mOì`dñWo‘Ü`o
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr ñWmZ{Z{íMVr H$aUo hmhr Amho. ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOmMm Aä`mg hmoUo Am{U Ë`m§Mr gÚpñWVr BVa gm‘m{OH$
KQ>H$m§g‘moa AmUUo ho AË`§V JaOoMo Amho. "JaOoMo' ‘r `m H$maUmZo
‘arAmB©dmbo åhUVmo, H$s, ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m gm‘m{OH$ Am{U Am{W©H$
{dH$mgmgmR>r BVa {dH${gV gm‘m{OH$ KQ>H$m§À`m hñVjonmMr
g‘mOmMo Amdí`H$Vm Amho. ~è`mMí`m ~w{ÕOrdtgmo~V ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOmg§X^m©V MMm© Ho$br AgVm Ago AmT>iyZ Ambo H$s, nmoVamO
(A)ñWm¶rH$aU åhUOoM ‘arAmB©dmbo Agm Ë`m§Mm g‘O Amho. ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOm~ÔbMo ˶m§Mo kmZ AË`§V VmoH$S>o Amho.
emóewÕ nÕVrZo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMm Aä`mg ìhmdm Am{U
ñWm{`H$ hmoÊ`mÀ`m à{H«$`oV dadaMm g‘mOm‘Ü`o {XgUmam {dH$mg
Omo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m nyduÀ`m n[apñWVrbm ‘yë`m§H$ZmMm
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o ‘mnX§S> ‘mZyZ ñnï> Ho$bm OmVmo Vmo Vgm Z H$aVm ‘w»` àdmhmVrb
gmd§V g‘wXm`mer VwbZm H$ê$Z ‘moOÊ`mV `mdr hm hoVy boIm‘m’©$V ‘m§S>Ê`mV
Ambobm Amho. ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m VËH$mbrZ ‘wÚmbm hmV
d KmbV AgVmZm, "EÏZmoJm« ’$s' hr g§emoYZ nÕVr dmnê$Z `m g‘mOmMr
gB© ‘m{hVr {‘i{dÊ`mV Ambobr Amho. g§~§{YV g§emoYZ ho gmobmnya
{Oëhm‘Yrb ‘§JidoT>o VmbwŠ`mVrb IS>H$s Am{U Iwng§Jr `m XmoZ
R>mHw$a Jmdm§‘Ü`o Pmbobo Amho. `m g§emoYZm‘m’©$V XmoÝhr JmdmVrb 97
‘arAmB©dmbo Hw$Qw>§~m§Mm Aä`mg H$aÊ`mV Ambobm Amho. `m àH$maÀ`m
àmW{‘H$ ‘m{hVr gmo~V BVa Aä`mgm§Mm AmT>mdmhr boImVrb ‘wÔo
‘m§S>VmZm dmnaÊ`mV Ambobm Amho.

‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr AmoiI


‘arAmB©dmbo hr ^Q>H$s O‘mV Amho. ^Q>H$s O‘mV åhUOo
AË`mdí`H$ JaOm ^mJdÊ`mgmR>r EH$m {R>H$mUmhÿZ Xwgè`m {R>H$mUr
^Q>H$§ Vr H$aUmar O‘mV. AemàH$maÀ`m 313 ^Q>Š`m O‘mVr ^maVmV
AmhoV. Ë`mn¡H$s 28 ^Q>Š`m O‘mVr ‘hmamï´>mV AmT>iVmV (amR>moS>,
boIH$Û¶ VwiOmnya ({O.Cñ‘mZm~mX) pñWV Q>mQ>m 2014). ‘hmamï´> emgZmZo, ^Q>Š`m O‘mVtMo ^.O.-A, ^.O.-
g‘mO{dkmZ g§ñWoV AZwH«$‘o g§emoYZ ghmæ¶H$ d ~, ^.O.-H$ Am{U ^.O.-S> Ago dJuH$aU Ho$bobo Amho. ho
ghmæ¶H$ àmܶmnH$ AmhoV.
mangeshsawant100@gmail.com
dJuH$aU O‘mVtÀ`m d¡{eîQ>çm§da AmYm[aV AmhoV. ^Q>³¶m O‘mVtMr
sai@tiss.edu ì`m»`m, dJuH$aU Am{U d¡{eîQ>ço hm Iyn {dñV¥V ñdê$nmVrb
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 41
{df` Amho, Oo `m boIm‘Ü`o hmVmiUo eŠ` Zmhr. a§JmZo a§Jdbobo AgVo. Mm¡H$Q> Am{U XadmOmda {d{dY
Va ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mO hm ‘hmamï´>emgZmZo dJuH¥$V {MÌo AgVmV. Mm¡H$Q>rda nmZo, ’w$bo H$mT>VmV Am{U
Ho$boë`m ^.O.-~ `m dJ©dmarV `oVmo. `m§Mo H$maU hr Xmamda nmoVamO, Mm~yH$, d¥{íMH$, Jm`, IoH$S>m
O‘mV ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m KoD$Z {’$aVo Am{U Ym{‘©H$ BË`mXtMr {MÌo H$moabobr AgVmV. AmVrb ~mOyg
^mH$sVo H$ê$Z CXa{Zdm©h H$aVo. ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m KoD$Z ‘[a‘mVoÀ`m ‘yVuMr à{Vð>mnZm Ho$bobr AgVo Am{U
{’$aÊ`mgmo~V `m g‘mOmMr BVahr H$mhr CXa{Zdm©hmMr ~mOyg ‘moamMr {ngo, VobmMm N>moQ>m S>~m BË`mXr dñVy
nma§nm[aH$ gmYZo AmhoV. ˶mM AmYmamda `m g‘mOmMr {XgyZ `oVmV.
^.O.-~ Aer dJ©dmar Ho$br Jobr. ~è`mM ^Q>Š`m g‘mOm‘Ü`o ‘arAmB©JmS>m KoD$Z {^jm ‘mJÊ`mgmR>r
O‘mVtZr Ë`m§À`m nma§nm[aH$ CXa{Zdm©hmÀ`m gmYZm§Mm {’$aÊ`mV `oUmè`m àXoe qH$dm joÌm~Ôb EH$ A{bpIV
Ë`mJ H$ê$Z ZdrZ n`m©`m§Mm ñdrH$ma Ho$bobm Amho. H$m`Xm Amho. "{^jm' åhUOo Ym{‘©H$ hoVyZo Ho$bobr
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmZohr ZdrZ CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§Mm {^jm. ‘arAmB©JmS>m dmhÿZ ZoUo ho EH$ Ym{‘©H$ H$m`©
ñdrH$ma Ho$bobm Amho, na§Vw nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dHo$À`m Amho Am{U Ë`mÛmao Ë`m§Zm AÞYmÝ` Am{U H$mhr n¡go
gmYZm§Mm Ë`mJ Ho$bobm Zmhr. AOyZhr ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV {‘iVmV. ‘arAmB©dmbo "{^jogmR>r' ‘arAmB©JmS>çm
‘arAmB©dmbo nma§nm[aH$ ì`dgm`mdaM Adb§~Zy AmhoV. gmo~V Hw$R>ho r {’$am`bm ‘moH$io ZmhrV. OmVmn§Mm`VrMo
n[aUm‘r hm g‘mO A§eV… ñWm`r Am{U A§eV… ‘arAmB©JmS>m KoD$Z {’$aÊ`mV `oUmè`m àXoem~m~V
^Q>H$s Amho. H$mhr AQ>r KmbyZ {Xboë`m AmhoV Am{U Jmdohr
{d^mJyZ {Xbobr AmhoV. CXmhaUmW©, Hw$Qw>§~ 1 Mr
nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dH$m òmoV EH$m {d{eï> {OëømVrb 4 Jmdm§da ‘ºo$Xmar Agob
S>moŠ`mdaVr ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m KoD$Z {^jm ‘mJUo Am{U H$mhr H$maUmñVd `m Hw$Qw>§~mMo {d^mOZ Pmbo,
hm ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m na§naoMm A{d^mÁ` KQ>H$ Va EH$mM Hw$Qw>§~mÀ`m {d^mOZmZo, 2 Jmdo Hw$Qw>§~ 1.1
Amho Am{U Ë`mM~amo~a nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dHo$Mo Am{U Cd©[aV 2 Jmdo Hw$Qw>§~ 1.2 bm {‘iVrb. Oa
gmYZhr Amho. ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m KoD$Z {^jm ‘mJVodi o r EImXo Hw$Qw>§~ ‘m[aAmB©JmS>çmgh {^jogmR>r {Z`wº$
nwéf hm nmoVamO åhUyZ AmoiIbm OmVmo. Vmo ñdV…À`m Zgboë`m Jmdm§‘Ü`o Jobo Va Ë`m§À`mda OmVn§Mm`V
COì`m hmVmda Xm^UmZo Q>moMyZ aº$ H$mT>Vmo Am{U Vo ~g{dÊ`mV `oVo Am{U H$madmB© Ho$br OmVo. ~ìh§er
‘arAmB©bm An©U H$aVmo. Am{U Ë`mM ~amo~a Mm~H$mMo Ë`m§Zm {ejoÀ`m ñdê$nmV amoI a¸$‘ Úmdr bmJVo
’$Q>Ho$ A§Jmda ‘mê$Z KoVmo. ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m KoD$Z qH$dm gaVoeodQ>r g‘mOmVyZ ~{hîH¥$V Ho$bo OmVo.
{’$aV AgVmZm Ë`m§Zm ho H¥$Ë` ~§YZ H$maH$ Amho. gd©gmYmaUnUo ‘arAmB©JmS>çmgmo~V ^rH$ ‘mJVmZm
AÝ`Wm XodrMm H$mon hmoVmo Aer Ë`m§Mr ‘mÝ`Vm Amho. XmoZ qH$dm A{YH$ ì`º$s {’$aV AgVmV. EH$ ór
‘arAmB©JmS>m ho ‘ar‘mVoMo bhmZ bmH$S>r Am`VmH¥$Vr ‘arAmB©JmS>m S>mŠo `mda KoD$Z Im§Úmda EH$ N>mQo >r T>mb
o H$s
AmH$mamMo ‘§{Xa Amho, Oo nwéf qH$dm {ó`m ghOnUo Q>m§JVo Am{U nwéf A^«mZ Jw§S>miyZ Am{U hmVmV AmgyS>
dmhÿZ ZoD$ eH$VmV. gmYmaUnUo, Ë`mMr C§Mr XmoZ Vo Am{U K§Q>m KoD$Z {’$aVmV. ^rH$ ‘mJVmZm, Vo JmdmÀ`m
AS>rM ’y$Q> Am{U é§Xr EH$ Vo XrS> ’y$Q> AgVo. ho ‘Ü`dVu ^mJmV qH$dm J„rÀ`m ‘Ü`^mJr ‘arAmB©JmS>m
^Jì¶m Am{U {ndù`m a§JmZo ~mhoê$Z a§Jdbobo AgVo R>odVmV. `mÛmao, ‘arAmB©dmbo JmdmVrb AmnÎmtMo
Am{U AmVrb ^mJ {haì`m, nm§T>è¶m Am{U bmb ^mH$sV H$aVmV, CXmhaUmW©; gmWrMo amoJ, Jmdm§darb
42 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
g§H$Q>o, nmD$g BË`mXr g‘ñ`m JmdH$ar ‘m§S>VmV Am{U n[aYmZ H$aVmV, Á`mbm "A^«mZ' åhUVmV. Vm|S>mbm
Ë`mda ‘arAmB©dmbo Cnm` gm§JVmV. ‘arAmB©JmS>m JmdmV ‘wIdQ>m bmdVmV, hmVmV AmgyS> Am{U {nVioMr
`oUo Am{U Ë`mMr CnmgZm H$aUo `m‘mJo ‘arAmB©dmbo ‘moR>r K§Q>r AgVo. ‘arAmB©JmS>çmgmo~V {’$aUmè`m
g‘mOmgmo~V JmdH$è`m§Mr hr Ym{‘©H$ lÕm Amho. nwéfmÀ`m doe^yfoV Am{U nmoVamO åhUyZ {’$aUmè`m
nwéfmÀ`m doe^yfoV nyU©V… gmå` Amho.
nmQ>rVbo Xod nmoVamOmMr àWm Ho$di ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmVM
ho Ia§ Va ‘arAmB©JmS>çmMr EH$ bKw Amd¥Îmr Zmhr Va BVa H$mhr X{bV g‘mOmVhr AmT>iVo, Ogo
Amho, na§Vw ‘arAmB©JmS>çmÀ`m VwbZoV Ym{‘©H$ H$s; ‘mV§J Am{U ‘hma. "nmoVamO' hm ‘mV§Jm§‘Ü`o
{Z`‘m§‘Ü`o {eWrbVm Amho. ‘arAmB©JmS>çmÀ`m VwbZoV OmñV AmT>iVmo. BVa g‘mOmVrb nmoVamOmMo ê$n
`m gmYZmgmR>r Ago H$moUVohr {Z~ªY qH$dm {deof Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmVrb nmoVamO `mV ’$aH$
{Z`‘ ZmhrV. nmQ>rVbo Xod H$moUrhr ZoD$ eH$Vmo. d` Amho. ‘mV§J Am{U ‘hmam§‘Yrb nmoVamO ho ‘ar‘mVm
qH$dm qbJ `mda H$moUVohr {Z~ªY ZmhrV. WmoS>Š`mV Xodrbm An©U Ho$bobo nwÌ AmhoV. ‘arAmB©dmbo nmoVamO
Ago åhUVm `oB©b H$s, H$moUrhr, H$Yrhr Am{U ho {nT>çmZ{nT>çm MmbV Ambobr àWm Amho. Vo BVa
Hw$R>ohr nmQ>rVbo Xod KoD$Z OmD$ eH$Vmo. g‘mOmà‘mUo ‘arAmB©bm nwÌ An©U H$aV ZmhrV.
nmQ>rVë¶m Xodm§‘Ü`o ‘ar‘mVoMr N>mQo >r ‘yVu Q>mno br‘Ü`o BVa g‘mOmVrb nmoVamO ({deofV… ‘hma Am{U
R>do br OmVo Am{U Q>mno br dmhÿZ ZoUmè`m gmo~V T>mb o H$s ‘mV§J) {d{eï> àH$maMo {nVioMo Mmi n[aYmZ H$aVmV
AgVo; Or ‘arAmB©JmS>m dmhÿZ ZoVmZmXoIrb AgVo. Am{U ñdV…~amo~a S>’$S>o KoD$Z {’$aVmV. `m àH$mamVrb
EH$ ì`º$s (nwéf AWdm ór) KamoKar OmD$Z {^jm nmoVamOmbm OÝ‘V… ‘ar‘mVobm An©U H$aÊ`mV Ambobo
‘mJVmV. ‘arAmB©JmS>çm§à‘mUo nmQ>rVbo Xod KoD$Z AgVo. ‘ar‘mVobm ‘wbJm An©U H$aUo hm Zdg ’o$S>Ê`mMm
{’$aÊ`mg àmXo{eH$ {’$añVrg§X^m©Vrb H$moUVohr ~§YZo ^mJ Amho qH$dm {nT>çmZ{nT>çm, `oUmè`m {nT>rZo Amnbo
ZmhrV Am{U ^mH$sVohr Ho$br OmV ZmhrV. ‘arAmB©JmS>m EH$ AnË` ‘ar‘mVobm Úmdm bmJVmo Omo nwT>o nmoVamO
XaamoO dmhÿZ Zobm OmV Zmhr, VemM ˶mbm AZoH$ åhUyZ Amnbo Am`wî` ì`VrV H$aVmo. nmoVamO ~ZyZ
Ym{‘©H$ ‘`m©Xm AmhoV. Ë`m‘wio Caboë`m {Xdgm§Mr {^jm ‘mJUo ho Ë`m§À`mgmR>r CXa{Zdm©hmMo gmYZ Zmhr,
JaO ^mJdÊ`mgmR>r hm g‘mO CnOr{dHo$Mo gmYZ Va Ym{‘©H$ H$m`© AgVo Am{U Vo H$amdoM bmJVo;
åhUyZ nmQ>rVbo Xod hm n`m©` dmnaVmV. Zmhr Ho$ë`mg ‘arAmB©Mm H$mon hmoBb
© hr Ë`m nmR>r‘mJMr
^rVr AgVo. Aem àH$maMo nmoVamO R>amdrH$ {XderM
nmoVamO {^jogmR>r {’$aVmV, Ogo nmo{U©‘m, AmfmT> ‘{hÝ`mVrb
‘arAmB©JmS>m KoD$Z {’$aUo ho `m g‘mOmÀ`m nmo{U©‘m, BË`mXr.
CnOr{dHo$Mo ‘w»` nma§nm[aH$ gmYZ Amho. ‘arAmB© EH§$XarV Cnamoº$ CXa{Zdm©h gmYZo, Ë`m§À`m
JmS>m KoD$Z {’$aUmè`m nwéf ì`º$sbm BVa g‘mO ñdê$nmVrb ~Xb Am{U n`m©`r CXa{Zdm©h gmYZm§Mm
"nmoVamO' åhUyZ AmoiIVmV, na§Vw BWo C„oI Ho$bobm emoY; n`m©`r CXa{Zdm©h gmYZm§Mm A§JrH$ma hm
nmoVamO hm EH$Q>çmZo ‘arAmB©JmS>çm {edm` {’$aVmo. g‘mOmVrb gm‘m{OH$ Am{U Am{W©H$ AdñWm§Vamda
àË`oH$ ‘§Jidmar Am{U ewH«$dmar Vo nmoVamO åhUyZ n[aUm‘ H$aVmZm {XgyZ `oVmo. na§Vw ‘wÔm hm Amho H$s,
{^jm ‘mJVmV. ‘arAmB© nmoVamO EH$ {d{eï> nmoemI ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmbm n`m©`r gmYZm§Mr JaO H$m
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 43
^mgbr Am{U Ë`mMm {H$VnV gH$mamË‘H$ qH$dm ^mgbr. CnOr{dHo$À¶m gmYZm§‘Yrb ~Xb VrZ
ZH$mamË‘H$ n[a‘mU Ë`m§À`m EoH$y Z OrdZ‘mZmda nS>bm. Q>ßß`m§VyZ OmVmo. n{hbm Á`mV g‘mO gwédmVrbm
BVa ñWm`r g‘mOmÀ`m Ym{‘©H$ ‘mZ{gH$VoVrb Z‘yX Ho$boë`m nma§nm[aH$ gmYZm§Zda nyU©V… Adb§~yZ
~Xbm§Mm WoQ> n[aUm‘ ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m nma§nm[aH$ AgVmV. Ë`mZ§VaÀ`m Q>ßß`m‘Ü`o g‘mOmZo Aem
CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§da Pmbobm AmhoV. VgoM gmYZm§Mm dmna Ho$bm Or nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dHo$À`m
{nT>çmZ{nT>çm Hw$Qw>§~mMo {d^mOZ hmoV Amho Am{U gmYZm§Zm nyaH$ AgVrb. OgoH$s ZH$br XmJ-Xm{JZo
n`m©`mZo ‘arAmB©JmS>çmgmR>r Zo‘Zy {Xboë`m àXoemMmhr. {dH$Uo, ^§Jma Jmoim H$aUo, Ho$gmda ’w$Jo {dH$Uo,
`m gd© H$maUm§‘wio nwaogo CËnÞ Hw$Qw>§~mbm {‘iV Zmhr "~§~B© {‘R>mB©' Á`mbmM "~wÉ>r Ho$ ~mb' Agohr åhUVmV
Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmbm n`m©`r gmYZm§Mm dmna - Vo XoD$Z ~Xë`mV Ho$g KoUo.
H$aUo JaOoMo Pmbo. hm g‘mO ñWm`r g‘mOmÀ`m Aem àH$maÀ`m àH$maÀ`m CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§Mm
gVV g§nH$m©V AgVmo, H$maU hm {^jm ‘mJyZ ImUmam Ë`m§Zm hm ’$m`Xm hmoV H$s, nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dHo$À`m
g‘mO Amho. ZH$iV Ë`m§À`m bjmV Ambobo Amho gmYZm§Mm dmna Ho$ë`mZ§Va Caboë`m doim‘Ü`o Vo ho
H$s, gm‘m{OH$ Y‘©JQ>m‘§ Ü`o ~arM {df‘Vm Amho Am{U H$m‘ H$ê$ eH$V. hm Ë`m§À`m CnOr{dHo$Mo gmYZm‘Ü`o
BVa g‘mOmMr àJVr hr CƒdUu` g‘mOmZo Ho$boë`m Pmboë`m ~XbmMm ‘hÎdmMm Q>ßnm hmoVmM nU Ë`mMm
àJVrÀ`m Ñï>rZo ‘moObr OmVo. CƒdUu` g‘mOmMr n[aUm‘ gm‘m{OH$ ~Xbmdahr Pmbm. ‘arAmB©dmbo
dV©‘mZ àJVr hr BVa ‘mJmgdJu` g‘mOmÀ`m g‘mOmMm BVa g‘mOmer Agbobm g§~§Y AOyZ
{dH$mgmMm ‘mnX§S> AgVmo. g‘mOmÀ`m CnOr{dHo$À`m dmT>bm. g‘mOmbm ñWm{`H$ hmoÊ`mMr JaO ^mgy
gmYZm§Z‘Ü`o hmoUmam ~Xb Am{U ñWm{`H$ g‘mOmÀ`m bmJbr Am{U g‘mOmZo JmdHw$gm~mhoa ñWm{`H$ hmoÊ`mg
g§ñH¥$VrMo AZwH$aU ho ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOm‘Ü`o gwédmV Ho$br. ‘arAmB©dmbo ñWm{`H$ hmoD$ bmJbo.
gm‘m{OH$ AdñWm§Va KoD$Z `oV Amho. g‘mO ñWm{`H$ hmoD$ bmJbm nU H$gm Am{U Hw$R>o
Pmbm? JmdmÀ`m hÔrV Ë`m§Mr dñVr Hw$R>o WmQ>br
gm‘m{OH$ AdñWm§Va Am{U gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rVrb Jobr Am{U ñWm{`H$ Pmbr ho g‘mOmMo AdñWm§Va
ñWmZ Xe©dVo nU ho AmnU nwT>o nmhÿ`mV, `mAmYr AmnU
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOm‘Ü`o gm‘m{OH$ AdñWm§Va Ë`m§À`m CnOr{dHo$Mo gmYZm‘Ü`o Pmboë`m ~XbmMm
hmoV Amho Am{U CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§‘Ü`o hmoUmao {Vgam Q>ßnm nmhÿ`mV.
~Xb ho Ë`m ‘mJMo ‘yb^yV H$maU Amho. gm‘m{OH$ CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§‘Ü`o Pmboë`m ~XbmÀ`m
AdñWm§Va à{H«$`oZo gwÕm g‘mOmÀ`m CnOr{dHo$À`m {Vgè`m Q>ßß`mV Ë`m§Zr CgVmoS>r, eoV‘Owar, amoO§Xmar
gmYZm§daVr n[aUm‘ Ho$bobm Amho. CnOr{dHo$À`m Aem n`m©`m§Mm A§JrH$ma Ho$bm. AmVm `m‘Ü`o H$irMm
gmYZm§‘Yrb ~Xb Am{U gm‘m{OH$ AdñWm§Va ‘wÔm hm Amho H$s, g‘mOmZo Ë`m§À`m nma§nm[aH$
`mVrb g§~§Y AmnU OmUyZ KoD$`mV H$s, Oo nwT>o CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§gmo~V da Z‘yX Ho$boë`m gmYZm§Mm
OmD$Z g‘mOmMo gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rVrb ñWmZ Xe©dob. Cn`moJ H$aUo gwê$ Ho$bo. hr H$m‘o gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rVrb
nyduÀ`m ^mJmV AmnU nm{hbo` H$s, g‘mOmMr gJù`mV ImbÀ`m WamVrb g‘w X m` Ë`m§ À `m
nma§nm[aH$ CnOr{dHo$Mr gmYZo H$moUVr AmhoV Am{U CnOr{dHo$gmR>r dmnaVmo. `mMmM AW© ‘arAmB©dmbo
gmYmaUV… ZdrZ gmYZm§Mr JaO g‘mOmbm H$m g‘mO pñWa hmoV Amho na§Vw Ë`m§Mm àdoe gm‘m{OH$
44 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
CVa§S>rVrb gdm©V ImbÀ`m WamV Pmbm Amho. na§Vw ^m¡Jmo{bH$ÑîQ>çm Agbobo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMo
`m nwT>Mmhr ‘wÔm BWo CnpñWV H$aUo ‘bm OéarMo dmñVì`mMo {R>H$mU ho BVa gm‘m{OH$ÑîQ>çm
dmQ>Vo. Vmo Agm H$s, ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mO hm ñdV…bm ‘mJmgboë`m g‘wXm`m§À`meoOmar AgUo ho BVa
Añn¥e JUë`m OmUmè`m g‘mOm§nojm loð> ‘mZVmV. g‘mOmÀ`m bmoH$dñVrMm {dñVma Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo
Ë`m§Mm H$b VWmH${WV CƒdUu` g‘wXm`mMo AZwH$aU g‘mOmÀ`m bmoH$dñVrÀ`m {dñVmamZo KSy>Z Ambobo
H$aÊ`mH$S>o Amho. `mMo àË`§Va g‘mOmÀ`m b¾ Amho. hm ‘wÔm WmoS>çm {dñV¥V ñdê$nmV ñnï> H$ê$`mV.
g‘ma§^mV {XgyZ `oV Amho. Aä`mgm Xaå`mZ {dH«$‘ ‘wimV ‘arAmB©dmbo Aem Jmdm§‘Ü`o ñWm{`H$ Pmbo
‘arAmB©dmbo Zm‘H$ ‘wbmMm b¾ g‘ma§^ nmhÊ`mg {OWo JmdR>mUmV BVa ‘mJmg g‘mOm§Mo dmñVì` hmoVo,
{‘imbm. Ë`mV OmUdyZ Amboë`m ~m~r Aem àH$mao Ogo IS>H$s Am{U Iwng§Jr. XmoÝhr Jmdm§‘Ü`o CƒdUu`
hmo˶m bmoH$m§Mo dmñVì` eoVm‘Ü`o dmS>çm dñ˶m§da Amho.
Ë`mMm {ddmh ‘hmamï´>mVrb gm§Jbr {OëømV ¶mMo H$maU Ë`m§À`mH$S>o Agboë`m O{‘Zr Am{U BVa
Pmbm. ‘moR>m ‘§S>n, AmYw{ZH$ g§JrV gm{hË` Am{U eoVrnyaH$ ì`dgm`. XmoÝhr Jmdm§À`m JmdmR>mUm§‘Ü`o
dmÚ, KmoS>çmdê$Z {‘adUyH$ Agm ‘moR>m Vm‘Om‘ ‘hma, ‘mV§J, Mm§^ma, ìhê$b, Xadoer, H¡$H$mS>r, ‘wñbr‘
b¾mV nmhm`bm {‘imbm. {dH«$‘À`m d{S>bm§M§ åhUU§ Aem g‘mOm§Mo dmñVì` Amho. 60 Vo 70 dfm©nydu
Ag§ hmoV§, Amåhmbm ‘amR>m dmÊ`m dmUr b¾ H$am`M§ ‘arAmB©dmbo JmdmÀ`m {edoda `oD$Z am{hbo. Vgm Ë`m
hmoV Am{U Vg§ Amåhr Ho$b§`. doiog BVa ‘mJmgdJu` g‘mO Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo
åhUOoM CXa{Zdm©hmÀ`m gmYZm§Mm {dMma H$aVm `m§À`m dñVr‘Ü`o ~aoM A§Va hmoVo. na§Vw H$mbm§VamZo
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMm gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rV ImbÀ`m Hw$Qw>§~ {d^mOZm‘wio Am{U OmJoÀ`m H$‘VaVo‘wio
WamV àdoe Pmbobm Amho Am{U g‘mOmMm H$b bmoH$dñVr dmT>V Jobr Am{U gÚpñWVrV Ago {XgyZ
CƒdUu` g‘mOmÀ`m AZwH$aUmH$S>o Amho. `m gd© `oVo H$s, BVa g‘mO Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo `m§Mr
AdñWm§Vam‘Ü`o ^m¡Jmo{bH$ÑîQ>çm g‘mO Hw$R>o pñWamdbm bmoH$dñVr hr AJXr IoQy>Z Amho.
`m dê$Z BVa g‘mOmZo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMm H$gm
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bmoH$dñVr hr ‘hma, ‘mV§J, Xadoer, H¡$H$mS>r Aem {dH$mg dmQ>Vmo, nU Vgm Vmo I{MVM Zmhr.
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ñdrH$ma ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmZo ñdoÀN>oZo KoVbm Amho Ago åhUVm `oUma Zmhr. Ago VwQ>nw§Oo ‘mnX§S> KoD$Z
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 45
Ë`m§Mm {dH$mg ‘moOUo åhUOo Ë`m§Mr AdhobZm hmo`. gwHw$‘ma {eXmoao>... (n¥ð> H«$. 40 dê$Z)
BVa ñWm{`H$ g‘mOmMm {dH$mg ‘moOVmZm Xa S>moB©
CËnÞ, AmYw{ZH$ OrdZ e¡br, AË`mYw{ZH$ gmYZm§Mm gmYÊ`mV Ambm Amho qH$dm alienation effect Á`mbm
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H$aUmè¶m ‘arAmB©dmbo O‘mVrZo ^Q>H$s O‘mV åhUyZ Amho. Mm§Jë`m {MÌnQ>mnmgyZ AmUIr H$m` Anojm
Vm|S> Úmì`m bmJUmè`m AS>MUr ‘mZJwQ>rda AgVmZmM H$am`Mr?

AmUIrÀ¶m ZdrZ g‘ñ`m§Zm Amnë`m Camda KoVbo
Amho.
Q>rn

JmoS>m `m§Mm EH$ ZmdmObobm {MÌnQ> "b H°$[a~r{ZAg©' darb
g§ X ^© g y M r gwHw$‘ma {eXmoao `m§Mm War Sans Purpose `m erf©H$mMm boI
Bokil, M. (2002). De-Notified and Nomadic Tribes: -
Perspective. Economic and Political Weekly. Ë`m§À`m "{gZo‘m {gZo‘m - ‘m` {gŠgQ>rO' `m Zì`m B§p½be
MìhmU Ama. EZ. (2006), ^Q>³¶m {d‘wº$m§Mr OmVn§Mm¶V nwñVH$mV g‘m{dï> Amho. Ë`m boImMm gwHw$‘ma {eXmoao `m§ZrM
(I§. 3), Xoe‘wI Am{U H§$. àH$meZ, nwUo Ho$bobm ñd¡a AZwdmX da {Xbm Amho. Ë`m§Mm hm ‘yi B§p½be
MìhmU Ama. EZ. (2013) ^Q>³¶m {d‘wº$m§Mo A§Va§J, gwJmdm boI Zdr {X„rÀ`m The Citizen and Weekend Review `m
àH$meZ, nwUo {X. 27 gßQ>|~a 1968À¶m gmám{hH$mV àH$m{eV Pmbm hmoVm.
Renake, B. (2008). National Commission for de-notified,
nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes. New Delhi: Ministry
of Social Justice Empowerment Government of India.

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nmQ>rb (1887-1959) `m XmoZ ‘hmZ ì`{º$‘Îdm§‘Ü`o H$mhr
gmå`/H$mhr ^oX (^oX... {deofV… gm§ñH¥${VH$ AWm©Zo) ñWio
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nmQ>rb Agë`m‘wio H¥$îUdUu` bmoH$ ^`§H$a Aem àH$maMo neyVwë` OrdZ
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Z`o? amoO XmV Kmgmdo bmJVmV, hohr `m bmoH$m§Zm Odinmg ‘mhrVM
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~moaJmdo (g§nyU©V…) AZ{^k hmoVo. ñdV… ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§Zr AmnbmM
EH$ {H$ñgm Ë`m§À`m AmË‘M[aÌmV (Up from Slavery, 1901)
gm§{JVbm Amho.
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àdoe {‘idbm. {VWo PmonÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm EH$ JmXr {Xbr hmoVr.
Vmon`ªV ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z ho O{‘ZrdaM PmonV AgV. Ë`m‘wio
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PmonyZ Ë`m§Zr amÌ H$mT>br. nU JmXrMo H$m` H$am`Mo? ho Ë`m§Zm Z
g‘Oë`m‘wio Ë`m§Zr hr JmXr A§Jmda KoVbr. nU Ago H$aUo ho
MwH$sMo Amho. JmXr hr O{‘Zrda A§Wam`Mr AgVo Am{U Ë`mda
Pmonm`Mo AgVo, ho Ë`m§Zm Z§Va g‘Obo.
Jwbm‘ AgUo åhUOo H$m`? Jwbm‘rMo OrdZ H$m` AgVo?
Vwåhmbm Hw$UrVar {dH$bobo AgVo. Vwåhr Jwbm‘ AgVm åhUOo
Vw‘Mo H$moUrVar ‘mbH$ AgVmV. Vw‘Mr AmB©XoIrb {dH$br Jobobr
AgVo. {Vbm Hw$UrVar {dH$V KoVbobo AgVo. Vr EH$ dñVy AgVo.
boIH$ nwUpo ñWV B§JO
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^mfm§VaH$ma AmhoV. H$amdo bmJVo. åhUOoM Vwåhrhr EH$ dñVy AgVm. Amnbm H$moUrVar
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n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 47
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Vmo {Od§VM Amho. (AbrH$S>oM A‘o[aHo$V 25 ‘o, ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m `moJXmZm‘wio VËH$mbrZ
2020 `m {Xder H$m` KS>bo? ho AmnUmbm ‘mhrV (EH$mo{Ugmdo eVH$ g§nVmZm) A‘o[aHo$Vrb amOH$s`,
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H$mX§~è`m§‘YyZhr ho {MÌU C‘Q>bobo Amho. Pmbr (‘hmË‘m Omo{V~m ’w$bo `m§À`m {dMmam§Zm nH$Sy>Z
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H$aV hmoVm. Aën^yYmaH$ Anma H$ï> CngyZ AY©nmoQ>r {ejUmgmR>r H$mhr pñWaVm Am{U ‘mZ{gH$ V`mar
amhV hmoVm. `m§Zm {ejUm{edm` Xwgam H$moUVmhr Agmdr bmJVo. VrM ‘wimV `m g‘mOmV ZìhVr.
n`m©` ZìhVm. ho bjmV KoD$Z ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr Ë`m‘wio ^mD$amdm§Zr gwédmVrbm emim H$mT>ë`m ZmhrV
48 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
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Am{U ‘J Ë`m§Mo {ejU gwê$ hmoB©b. hm ‘yb^yV jUhr {dM{bV Pmbo ZmhrV. ho `m§Mo ‘hmËå`.
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àH$ën hmoVm. `mVyZM H$‘dm Am{U {eH$m hr EH$ ^ë`m nhmQ>o Mma dmOVm Ë`m n§{S>Vm§À`m Kar Om`Mo
A^yVnyd© Aer {ejUmMr nÕV ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z Am{U {VWo Oo g§ñH¥$V Vo {eH$m`Mo, VoM Q>çweZ‘Ü`o
`m§Zr àË`jmV am~dbr. Zo‘H$s hrM Jmoï> ^mD$amd `oD$Z Amnë`m nmoam§Zm {eH$dm`Mo. hrM Jmoï> J{UVmMr.
nmQ>rb `m§Zr Ho$br. H$maU {ejUmgmR>r Jar~ g‘mOmbm ~hþOZ Am{U Jar~ g‘mOmVrb ‘wbm§{df`r Agboë`m
n¡go H$moU XoUma? Ë`m§Zm ñW¡`© H$go bm^Uma? Am{U Anma ào‘m‘wio ho Ë`m§Zr Ho$bo. Ë`m H$mimVrb
ñW¡`m©{edm` {ejU hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr hm {ejU nmbH$m§‘Ü`o Ë`m§Mo Zmd nmQ>rb ‘mñVa Ago hmoVo.
àmárMm {gÕm§V Ë`m§Zm ‘mhrV hmoVm. nmQ>rb ‘mñVam§~Ôb nmbH$m§Zm Anma AmXa hmoVm.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 49
`mMo à‘wI H$maU H$m` hmoVo? Va nmQ>rb ‘mñVa am{hbo. ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr ho Ho$bo Zmhr, ho Ë`m§Mo
EH$M Jmoï> AZoH$Xm {eH$dVmV. `m~Ôb ^mD$amd {deof. Ë`mdoiMo Ë`m§Mo ghH$mar JmS>Jo ‘hmamO Am{U
nmQ>bm§Mo åhUUo doJioM hmoVo. Vo åhUm`Mo H$s, ho ñdV… Jm§YrOr `m§ZrXoIrb ^mD$amdm§À`m H$m‘m~Ôb,
{df` {eH$dVmZm Oa ‘wbJm {eH$m`bm H$ƒm Agob Ë`m§À`m àM§S> Aem øm `moJXmZm~Ôb Am{U Q>mHo $mÀ`m
Va ‘bm Ë`mMm A{YH$ ’$m`Xm ìhm`Mm. H$maU Ë`mbm ~m§YrbH$s~Ôb AmíM`© ì`º$ Ho$bo hmoVo.
EH$M Jmoï> AZoH$Xm {eH$dyZ Vmo {df` ‘mPmhr n¸$m ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m~Ôbhr hrM Jmoï>
ìhm`Mm. Amnë`m ‘Zm‘Ü`o ZH$mamË‘H$ Jmoï>tZm H$Yrhr nmhm`bm {‘iVo. ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§À`mgmaIoM Vohr
^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr H$Yr Wmam {Xbm Zmhr. Ë`m§À`m ’$S}> dºo$ hmoVo Am{U OmUyZ-~wOyZ, R>adyZ, gH$maU Vo
H$m`m©V Am{U OJÊ`mV AmnU H$ënZmhr H$ê$ eH$Uma amOH$maUmV H$YrM Jobo ZmhrV. Vem àH$maMr g§Yr
Zmhr Aem àH$maÀ`m AS>MUr Amë`m. nU Ë`mda Am{U Vem àH$maMm AmJ«h Ë`m§Zm H$m`‘ hmoV am{hbm.
Ë`m§Zr `eñdrnUo ‘mV Ho$br. hrM Jmoï> ~wH$a Q>r. nU Vo amOH$maUmV Jobo ZmhrV. Ago Pmbo AgVo Va
dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m‘Ü`oXoIrb AmnUm§bm {XgVo. e¡j{UH$ joÌmVrb Ë`m§Mo H$m`© Pmbo ZgVo. amOH$maUmV
`m XmoZ ‘hmZ H$m`©H$Ë`mª‘Ü`o AOyZ EH$ ‘hÎdmMo OmUo hr Jmoï> Ë`m§Zm ñdmWm©Mr dmQ>br. Agm C„oI
gmå` Amho. ho XmoKho r ’$S}> dºo$ hmoV.o `m§Mm g‘mOemó, Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m AmË‘M[aÌmV Ho$bm Amho. (Booker
amOH$maU, AW©emó, ‘mZgemó `m gJù`m {df`m§Mm T. Washington, Up from Slavery First Print 1901,

Aä`mg Xm§S>Jm hmoVm. Ë`mMo à{Vq~~ Ë`m§À`m Reprint, 2020, Maple Classics, Noida, India, p. 75).

^mfUm§‘YyZ C‘Q>m`Mo. VËH$mbrZ amOH$maUmV ^mD$amd ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m `m H$m‘m‘wio H¥$îUdUu`
nmQ>rb ho OmD$ eH$bo AgVo. Vgm Ë`m§Zm ‘moh ìhmdm d ídoVdUu` g‘mOm‘Ü`o EH$ g§dmX gmYbm Jobm.
Aer n[apñWVr Z¸$sM hmoVr. eoVH$ar H$m‘Jma njmMo Ûof, Oi’$imQ>, qhgm, ~Xbm Aem `m XwîH¥$Ë`m§Zm
Vo g§ñWmnH$ g^mgX hmoV.o Ë`m§Zr amOH$maUm‘Ü`o àdoe H$dQ>miÊ`mnojm ào‘, ghH$m`© Aem gå`H$ ‘mJm©Zo
H$amdm Aem àH$maMm AmJ«h AZoH$m§Mm hmoVm. nU H$m`© H$aVm `oVo, ho Ë`m§Zr XmIdyZ {Xbo. hoM VÎd
Zmhr. ^mD$amdm§Zr ho Ho$bo Zmhr. H$maU Ë`m§Zm H$m` Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m g§nyU© Am`wî`mV nmibo. ^mD$amd
H$am`Mo Zmhr? ho n¸o$ R>mD$H$ hmoVo. J[a~mÀ`m nmoam§Zm nmQ>rb `m§Zrhr ‘wpñb‘ Am{U BVa g‘mOmVrb bmoH$m§Zm
{eH$dUo hoM Amnbo OrdZH$m`© Amho ho Ë`m§Zr AmoiIbo Odi Ho$bo. ~«måhU bmoH$m§Zm Amnë`m g§ñWoV Ë`m§Zr
hmoVo (Aem àH$maMo ‘moR>onU ho `m Aem AmË‘^mZmVyZ gm‘mdyZ KoVbo hmoV.o ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z Am{U H$‘©dra
`oV AgVo). {ejUmÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZM AJXr ~wH$a ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§À`mVrb ho gmå` AmOÀ`m
Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z gmaIoM Vo H$m‘ H$aV amhrbo. Ë`m§Zr nmíd©^y‘rda ’$ma ‘hÎdmMo Amho.
‘hmamï´>mMm g§nyU© gm§ñH¥${VH$ MohamM ~XbyZ Q>mH$bm. "{ejUmÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ ~aoM H$mhr AmnU H$ê$
Aem àH$maMo AOyZ H$moUr H$m‘ Ho$bo Amho H$m? eH$Vmo', hr C‘u AmO g§nV Mmbbobr AgVmZm `m
Agm Ooìhm {dMma AmnU H$aVmo Voìhm, n§Om~amd ‘hmZ AmËå`m§À`m `moJXmZm‘wio {ZameOZH$ ^mdZm
Xoe‘wI Am{U H$‘©dra {hao hr Zmdo `mg§X^m©V nQ>H$Z nwgQ> hmoV OmVmV. ho gË` ZmH$maVm `oUma Zmhr.
S>moù`mg‘moa `oVmV. nU `m XmoÝhrhr ì`º$s (n§Om~amd 
Xoe‘wI Am{U H$‘©dra {hao) amOH$maUmV H$mhrEH$
^y{‘H$m ~OmdV Amnbo e¡j{UH$ joÌmVbo H$m‘ H$aV
50 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$

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