INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

FANS AND BLOWERS

SOLVED PROBLEMS

1. Through a 320 mm diameter duct, a fan delivers 2.47 m3/s of air at a static pressure head
of 5.07 cm of water. The air is then discharged through a 265 mm diameter duct. If the air
is measured at 25°C and 760 mm of Hg, and the overall fan mechanical efficiency is 74%,
find the static fan efficiency.

Given: Required:
D1 = 320 mm Static Fan Efficiency, estatic
Q = 2.47 m3/s
hw = 5.07 cm
D2 = 265 mm
em = 74%

Solution:
Q 2.47 m3 /s
V1 = π = π = 30.71 m/s
2 2
D (0.32 m)
4 1 4
Q 2.47 m3 /s
V2 = π = π = 44.78 m/s
2 2
D (0.265 m)
4 2 4

m 2 m 2
V22 − V12 (44.78 s ) − (30.71 s )
hv = = = 54.14 m of air
2g 2(9.81 m/s2 )
kg
ρw 1000 3
hs = hw ( ) = (0.0507 m) ( m ) = 42.25 m of air
ρa kg
1.2 3
m
h = hs + hv = 42.25 m + 54.14 m = 96.39 m of air

hs 42.25 m
estatic = em ( ) = 0.74 ( ) = 0.3243 x 100%
h 96.39 m
𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐜 = 𝟑𝟐. 𝟒𝟑%

2. When running at 300 rpm, a fan produces 5.2 m3/s at a static pressure of 5.66 cm of water.
Determine the static pressure in (cm) of water if the required power input is 3.111 kW and
the desired flow rate on the same system is 8.02 m3/s.
 Given: Required:
N1 = 300 rpm Static Pressure, H2
h1 = 5.66 cm
Q1 = 5.2 m3/s
P = 3.111 kW
Q2 = 8.02 m3/s

Solution:
N2 Q2
=
N1 Q1
m3
N2 8.02 s
=
300 rpm m3
5.2 s

N2 = 462. 69 rpm

H2 N2 2
=( )
H1 N1
H2 462.69 rpm 2
=( )
5.66 cm 500 rpm
𝐇𝟐 = 𝟏𝟑. 𝟒𝟔 𝐜𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐇𝟐 𝐎

3. At an input static pressure of 2.75 cm of water less than atmospheric pressure, air enters a
fan through a duct at a velocity of 6.8 m/s. With a velocity of 11.25 m/s and a discharge
static pressure of 7.9 cm of water over atmospheric pressure, the air exits the fan through
a duct. If the specific weight of the air is 1.20 kg/m3 and the fan delivers 10.25 m3/s, what
is the fan efficiency when the power input to the fan is 14.55 kW at the coupling?

Given: Required:
Ps= 2.75 cm Fan Efficiency, e
Vs= 6.8 m/s
Vd = 11.25 m/s
Pd = 7.9 cm
Q = 10.25 m3/s
P = 14.55 kW

Solution:
h = hs + hv
Pd − Ps Vd2 − Vs2
h= ( )+( )
γ 2g
 m m
0.079 m − 0.0275 m (11.25 )2 − (6.8 )2
h= ( )+( s s )
kg 2(9.81 m/s2 )
1.2 3
m
h = 47.01 m of air

kg m3
Pair = γQH = (1.2 ) (10.25 ) (47.01 m)
m3 s
Pair = 5.67 kW

Pair 5.67 kW
e= = x 100%
Pin 14.55 kW
e = 38.99%

4. In a certain installation, a fan producing 560 m3 of air per minute at a total pressure of 5.5
cm WC is powered by an 8 HP motor running at 720 rpm. If in the same installation, 7 cm
WC pressure is required. What power and motor speed will the fan be driven?

Given: Required:
Q= 560 m3/min Power and Motor Speed, N2 and P2
h1 = 5.5 cm
P = 8 Hp
N1 = 720 rpm
h1 = 7 cm

Solution:
H2 N2 2
=( )
H1 N1
2
7 cm N2
=( )
5.5 cm 720 rpm
𝐍𝟐 = 𝟖𝟏𝟐. 𝟐𝟕 𝐫𝐩𝐦

P2 N2 3
=( )
P1 N1
P2 812.27 rpm 3
=( )
8 Hp 720 rpm
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟒𝟗 𝐇𝐩
5. The usual air flow rate used by a boiler is 75 250 m3/hr. If the fan can deliver a total pressure
of 167 mm of water gage, what is the motor power? The fan has a 67% mechanical
efficiency.

Given: Required:
Q = 75 250 m3/hr Motor Power, Pmotor
hw = 167 mm
e = 67%

Solution:
kg
ρw 1000 3
h = hw ( ) = (0.167 m) ( m ) = 139.17 m
ρa kg
1.2 3
m
Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3 1 hr
Pair = (1.2 3
) ( ) (75 250 )( ) (139.17 m)
m 1 kg hr 3600s
Pair = 34.24 kW

Pair 34.24 kW
Pmotor = =
e 0.67
𝐏𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐨𝐫 = 𝟓𝟏. 𝟏𝟏 𝐤𝐖

6. Determine the horsepower (HP) of the motor required to provide a boiler burning a 12-ton
coal per hour with forced-draft service. The air requirements are 61 000 cfm, air is being
provided under 6.6 in. water gage by the fan which has mechanical efficiency of 60%.
Assume fan to deliver at total pressure of 7.2 in WG.

Given: Required:
Q = 61 000 ft3/min Motor Power, Pmotor
hw = 6.6 in
e = 60%

Solution:
ft 3 1 min 1m 3 m3
Q = (61 000 )( )( ) = 28.78
min 60 s 3.281 ft s
kg
ρw 1m 1000 3
h = hw ( ) = (6.6 in) ( )( m ) = 139.70 m
ρa 39.37 in kg
1.2 3
m
 Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3
Pair = (1.2 ) ( ) (28.78 ) (139.70 m)
m3 1 kg s
Pair = 47.34 kW

Pair 47.34 kW
Pmotor = =
e 0.60
1 Hp
Pmotor = 51.11 kW x
0.746 kW
𝐏𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐨𝐫 = 𝟏𝟎𝟓. 𝟕𝟔 𝐇𝐩

7. Through a 4-by-4-foot duct, a fan releases 10,000 cfm of air against a static pressure of 1.3
inches of water. The gage fluid density is 62 lb/ft3 air temperature is 85°F and the
barometric pressure is 28.7 in. Hg. What is the fan's total mechanical efficiency if its power
input is measured at 4.2 horsepower?

Given: Required:
Q = 10 000 ft3/min Fan Total Mechanical Efficiency. em
hw = 1.3 in
D2 = 265 mm
P = 4.2 Hp
A = 4ft x 4ft

Solution:
ft 3 1 min
(10 000 )
Q min ( 60 s )
V= = = 10.42 ft/s
A 4ft x 4ft

V = √2ghv

ft
10.42 ft/s = √2 (32.2 )h
s2 v
1m
hv = 1.68 ft x = 0.5135 m
3.281 ft

kg
ρw 1m 1000 3
hs = hw ( ) = (1.3 in) ( )( m ) = 27.52 m
ρa 39.37 in kg
1.2 3
m
 h = hs + hv = 27.52 m + 0.5135 m = 28.03 m

ft 3 1 min 1m 3 m3
Q = (10 000 )( )( ) = 4.72
min 60 s 3.281 ft s

Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3
Pair = (1.2 3 ) ( ) (4.72 ) (28.03 m)
m 1 kg s
1 Hp
Pair = 1.56 kW x
0.746 kW
Pair = 2.09 Hp

Pair 2.09 Hp
em = = x 100%
Pin 4.2 Hp
𝐞𝐦 = 𝟒𝟗. 𝟕 %

8. What horsepower is supplied to air moving at 8.6 m/min through a 75 cm x 100 cm duct
under a pressure of 9.4 cm of H2O.

Given: Required:
V = 8.6 m/min Power, Pair
Dimension = 75 cm x 100 cm
hw = 9.4 cm

Solution:
Q = AV
m 1 min
Q = (0.75 m) (1 m) (8.6 )( )
min 60 s
m3
Q = 0.1075
s

kg
ρw 1000 3
hs = hw ( ) = (0.094 m) ( m ) = 78.33 m
ρa kg
1.2 3
m
Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3
Pair = (1.2 3 ) ( ) (0.1075 ) (78.33 m)
m 1 kg s
1 Hp
Pair = 0.0991 kW x
0.746 kW
 𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐫 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟗 𝐇𝐩

9. At 1.2 kg/m3 of air density, a fan generates 178 kW of braking power. If the fan runs at
120 kPa and 32°C at the same speed, what is its new braking power?

Given: Required:
kg
ρ1 = 1.2 New Braking Power, P2
m3

P1 = 178 kW
P = 120 kPa
T = 32°C

Solution:
P 120 kPa kg
ρ2 = = = 1.37 3
RT kJ m
(0.287 ) (32 + 273)
kg − k

P2 ρ2
=
P1 ρ1
kg
P2 1.37 3
= m
178 kW kg
1.2 3
m
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟐𝟎𝟑. 𝟑𝟓 𝐤𝐖

10. How much horsepower is needed to move 25 feet per minute via 4 feet by 6 feet duct at
5.1 water gage pressure?

Given: Required:
V = 25 ft/min Power, Pair
Dimension = 4 ft x 6ft
hw = 5.1 in

Solution:
Q = AV
ft 1 min
Q = (4 ft) (6 ft) (25 )( )
min 60 s
ft 3
Q = 10
s
 lb
γw 1 ft lb 26.52 2
h = hw ( ) = (5.1 in) ( ) (62.4 3 ) = ft
γ 12 in ft γ

Pair = γQH
lb
ft 3 26.52 ft 2
Pair = γ (10 )( )
s γ

ft − lb 1 Hp
Pair = 265.2 x
s ft − lb
550 s
𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐫 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝟐𝟐 𝐇𝐩

11. Determine the overall efficiency of the blower at design point if the specific heat at constant
pressure is 5.814 kJ/kg-°K and specific heat at constant volume is 3.196 kJ/kg-°K. The
desired flow of the said blower us 1,459 gal/hr and at this point, brake horsepower is
158,437,672 ft-lbf/hr. A blower operating at 2000 rpm compresses air from 68°F and 14.7
psia to 10 psiag.

Given:
Q = 30 m/s
hw = 19.5 cm = 0.195 m H2O
Pb = 65 kW

Required:
efan = ?

Solution:
Pair
Pb =
Pb
Pair ρQHT
efan = =
Pb Pb
kg m3
(1.2 3 x 9.81 m/s2 ) (30 ) (162.5 m)
m s
efan =
1000 W
(65 kW) ( )
1 kW
efan = 0.8829 X 100%

𝐞𝐟𝐚𝐧 = 𝟖𝟖. 𝟐𝟗%

12. What is the new static pressure head if fan will operate at 85°C and 721 mmHg. A fan cam
also developed a static pressure head of 450 mm water gage through standard air condition.

Given:
P2 = 721 mmHg
101.325 kPa
= (721 mmHg) x 760 mmHg

= 96.125 kPa
T2 = 85°C + 273 = 358 K
hw1 = 0.450 m H2O

Required:
h2 = ?

Solution:
ρ2
P2 =
(R)(T2 )
96.125 kPa
P2 =
kJ
(0.287 ) (358 K)
kg − K
ρ2 = 0.935559 kg/m3

h2 ρ2
=
h1 ρ1
ρ2
h2 = (h1 ) ( )
ρ1

0.935559 kg/m3
h2 = (0.450 m H2 O) ( )
1.2

h2 = 0.35083 m H2 O

𝐡𝟐 = 𝟑𝟓𝟎. 𝟖𝟑 𝐖𝐆

13. A 15 Hp is used to drive a fan that has a total head of 23 m. If the fan efficiency is 75%,
what is the maximum capacity in gal/hr?

Given:
efan = 75%
Tb = Pin = 15 Hp
H = 23 m
 Required:
Q (gal/hr) = ?

Solution:

Pout Pair
efan = =
Pin Pb
Pair = (efan )(Pin )

Pair = (0.75)(15 Hp)

746 W
Pair = 11.25 Hp x 1 Hp

Pair = 8392.5 W

Pair = γQH
Pair
Q=
γH
(8392.5 W)
Q=
m kg
(9.81 2 x 1.2 3 ) (23 m)
s m
m3 3,600 s 1000 L 1 gal
Q = 30.9965 x x x
s 1 hr 1m3 3.785 L
𝐠𝐚𝐥
𝐐 = 𝟐𝟗, 𝟒𝟖𝟏, 𝟓𝟐𝟎. 𝟒𝟑
𝐡𝐫

14. Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers 1,500 m3/s of air through a 2 m by 2.3 m
outlet. Static pressure is 25 mmHg and density of air is 1.19.

Given:
Q = 1,500 m^3/s
hw = 0.125 m WG
A = 2 m x 2.3 m = 4.6 m^2
Pa = 1.19 kg/m^3

Required:
Pa (Hp) = ?

Solution:
 kg
hw ρw (0.125 m)(1000 3 )
hs = = m = 105.0420168 m
(Pa ) (1.19 kg/m3 )

Q = AV

m3
(1,500 ) = (4.6 m2 )(V)
s

m
V = 326.0869 s

V2 326.08692
hv = = = 5419.607 m
(2g) (2)(9.81)

HT = hs + hv = 105.04 m + 5419.61 = 5524.65 m

kg m m3
Pair = γQH = (1.19 ) (9.81 ) (1,500 ) (5524.65 m)
m3 s2 s

1 Hp
Pair = 96,741,317.45 W x = 𝟏𝟐𝟗, 𝟔𝟖𝟎. 𝟎𝟓 𝐇𝐩
746 W

15. Find the static efficiency if the total pressure created by fan is 20 m of air. The mechanical
efficiency and static pressure of fan are 49% and 15 m of air respectively.

Given:
hs = 15 m
HT = 20 m
Efan = 49%

Required:
es = ?

Solution:
hs
es = (em ) ( )
HT

15 m
es = (0.49) ( )
20 m

es = 0.3675 x 100% = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟕𝟓%

16. Jake has a fan which have a suction pressure of 6 cm water vacuum with air velocity of 7
m/s. The discharge has 21 cm water gage and discharge velocity of 18 m/s. Find the total
head of fan. (Unit in furlong).

Given:
hsw = -6 cm WG
hdw = 21 cm WG
Vd = 18 m/s
Vs = 7 m/s

Required:
HT = ?

Solution:
(hdw − hsw )(ρw ) (0.21 m − (−0.06 m))(1000 kg/m3 )
hs = = = 225 m
ρa (1.2 kg/m3 )
(Vd2 − Vs2 ) (182 − 72 )
hv = = m = 14.0163 m
2g 2(9.8a 2 )
s

HT = hs + hv = 225 m + 14.0163 m = 𝟐𝟑𝟗. 𝟎𝟐 𝐦

17. A 50 in. diameter fan rated at 175,000 gpm standard air at 17 in. static pressure is operating
at 1,300 rpm. Find the specific speed.

Given:
N = 1,300 rpm
Q = 175,000 gpm
HT = 17 in

Solution:

N√Q
NS =
H 3/4

1300 rpm√175,000 gpm

NS =
1ft
(17 in x 12 in) 3/4
 𝐍𝐒 = 𝟒𝟏𝟖, 𝟖𝟎𝟒. 𝟕𝟕 𝐫𝐩𝐦

18. If the blower operates at 1,600 rpm compresses air from 25°C and 1 atm to 2.65 atm. The
design flow is 40 m3/min and at this point the power input is 65 kW. Find the blower
efficiency at the design flow.

Given:
P1 = 101.325 kPa = 1 atm
P2 = 2 atm = 202.65 kPa
Q = 40 m^3/min

Required:

eblower = ?

Solution:

k−1
k P2 k
PS=C = P1 V1 [( ) − 1]
k−1 P1

1.4−1
1,4 40 202.65 1.4
PS=C = (101.325) ( ) [( ) − 1]
1.4 − 1 60 101.325

PS=C = 51.78 kW

Pout 51.78
eblower = = = 0.7966 x 100% = 𝟕𝟗. 𝟔𝟔%
Pin 65

19. A fan develops a brake power of 200 kW at 1.2 kg/m3 air density. What is the new brake
power of the fan if it operates at 105 kPa and 32°C at the same speed?

Given:
T1 = 105 kPa
T2 = = 32°C + 273 = 305°K
Pb1 = 200 kW
 Required:

Pb2 = ?

Solution:

ρ2 105 kPa kg
P2 = =( ) = 1.1995 3
(R)(T2 ) kJ m
(0.2897 ) (305)
kg − K
Pb2 ρ2
=
Pb1 ρ1
ρ2
Pb2 = (Pb1 ) ( )
ρ1
1.1995
Pb2 = (200 kW) ( )
1.2
𝐏𝐛𝟐 = 𝟏𝟗𝟗. 𝟗𝟐 𝐤𝐖

20. The fan has a total head of 210 m and a static pressure of 30 cm water gage. If the air
density is 1.19 kg/m3, what is its velocity in air flowing?

Given:
HT = 210 m
Pa = 1.19 kg/m^3
hw = 0.30 m WG

Required:

V=?

Solution:

HT = hs + hv

hw ρw
HT = + hv
(Pa )

kg
(1000 ) (0.3 m)
m3
210 m = + hv
(1.2 kg/m3 )

hv = 40 m (vacuum)

V2
hv =
2g
 V2
40 m =
2(9.81)

𝐦
𝐕 = 𝟐𝟖. 𝟎𝟏
𝐬

21. A fan delivers 5.2 m3 /s at a static pressure of 6.02 cm of water when operating at a speed
of 540 rpm. The power input required is 2.963 kW. If 8.04 m3 /s are desired in the same
fan and installation, find the pressure in cm of water.

Given:
Q1 = 5.2 m3 /s
h1 = 6.02 cm of water
N1 = 540 rpm
P1 = 2.963 kW
Q2 = 8.04 m3 /s

Required:
h2 = ?

Solution:
• Solving for N2 :
Q1 N1
=
Q2 N2
3
5.2 m /s 540 rpm
3
=
8.04 m /s N2

N2 = 835 rpm
• Solving for h2 :
h1 N1 2
= ( )
h2 N2
6.02 cm 540 rpm 2
= ( )
h2 835 rpm
𝐡𝟐 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟑𝟗 𝐜𝐦

22. A blower operating at 1450 rpm compresses air from 74℉ and 14.7psia to 10 psig. The
desired flow is 1510 cfm and at this point, brake horsepower is 94hp. Determine the over-
all blower efficiency at design point if k = 1.3395.

Given:
N = 1450 rpm
 T1 = 74℉
P1 = 14.7 psia
P2 = 10 psig
v = 1510 cfm
BP = 94hp
k = 1.3359

Required:
Overall blower efficiency, nO

Solution:
• Solving for work using isentropic compression
k−1
k P2 k
W= (P1 V1 ) [( ) − 1]
k−1 P1

1.3359 lb 12 in 2 ft 3 1 min
W= (14.7 2 x ( ) ) (1510 x )x
1.3359 − 1 in 1 ft min 60 s
1.3359−1
10 psig + 14.7 psi 1.3359
[( ) − 1]
14.7 psia
lb − ft 1 hp
W = 29, 531.04082 x
s lb − ft
550 s

W = 53.69280149 hp
• Solving for overall blower efficiency
W
BHP=
nO
W
nO = x 100%
BHP

53.69280149
nO = x 100%
94hp
𝐧𝐎 = 𝟓𝟕. 𝟏𝟐%

23. A 64 kW motor is used to drive a fan that has a total head of 124 m. If fan efficiency is
67%, what is the maximum capacity of the fan?

Given:
BP = 64 kW
HT = 124m
nf = 67%
 Required:
Maximum capacity of the fan, Q

Solution:
• For the total air power, TAP
TAP
nf =
BP
TAP = (nf )(BP)
TAP = (0.67)(64)
TAP = 42.88kW
• Using the density of air at 21.2℃, Pa = 1.20029845 kg/m3
TAP = yQHt ; y = pg
TAP
Q=
pgHT
42880
Q=
kg m
1.20029845 3 (9.81 2 ) (124m)
m s
𝐦𝟑
𝐐 = 𝟐𝟗. 𝟑𝟕
𝐬

24. A fan described in a manufacturer’s table is rated to deliver 500 m3 /min at a static gauge
pressure (gage) of 254 cm when running at 280 rpm and requiring 4.2 kW. If the fan speed
is changed to 330 rpm and air handled were at 78℃ instead of standard 32℃, find the power
in kW.

Given:
N1 = 280 rpm
N2 = 330 rpm
T1 = 32℃
T2 = 78℃
P1 = 4.2kW

Required:
P2 = ?

Solution:
At 330 rpm and 32℃

P1 N1 3
= ( )
P2 N2
 4.2kW 280 3
= ( )
P2 330
P2 = 6.875701531 kW
At 330 rpm and 78℃
P
ρ=
RT
ρ1 P/RT1
=
ρ2 P/RT2
BP1 ρ1 T2
= =
BP2 ρ2 T1
6.875701531 kW 78 + 273 K
=
P2 32 + 273 K
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟕𝟒𝟔 𝐤𝐖

25. A fan delivers 6.1 m3 /s at a static pressure of 7.05 cm of water when operating at a speed
of 490 rpm. The power input required is 3.423 kW. If 9.02 m3 /s are desired in the same
fan and installation, find the pressure in cm of water.

Given:
Q1 = 6.1 m3 /s
h1 = 7.05 cm of water
N1 = 490 rpm
P1 = 3.423 kW
Q2 = 9.02 m3 /s

Required:
h2 = ?

Solution:
• Solving for N2 :
Q1 N1
=
Q2 N2
3
6.1 m /s 490 rpm
3
=
9.02 m /s N2

N2 = 725 rpm
• Solving for h2 :
h1 N1 2
= ( )
h2 N2
 7.05 cm 490 rpm 2
= ( )
h2 725 rpm
𝐡𝟐 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟒𝟑 𝐜𝐦

26. According to a manufacturer's chart, a fan with a 250 rpm rating and 5.6 kW of power
consumption can produce 500 m3 /min at a static gauge pressure (gage) of 254 cm.
Determine the power in kW if the fan speed is adjusted to 315 rpm and the air handled is
at 80°C rather from the usual 27°C.

Given:
N1 = 250 rpm
P1 = 5.6kW
N2 = 315 rpm
T2 = 80℃
T1 = 27℃

Required:
P2 = ?

Solution:
At 315 rpm and 27℃

P1 N1 3
= ( )
P2 N2

5.6kW 250 3
= ( )
P2 315
P2 = 11.2021056 kW
At 315 rpm and 80℃
P
ρ=
RT
ρ1 P/RT1
=
ρ2 P/RT2
BP1 ρ1 T2
= =
BP2 ρ2 T1
11.2021056 kW 80 + 273 K
=
P2 27 + 273 K
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟗. 𝟓𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟓𝟗 𝐤𝐖
27. Air is compressed by a blower running at 1200 rpm from 65°C and 14.7 psia to 10 psig.
The brake horsepower at this moment is 85 horsepower, and the target flow is 1320 cfm.
If k = 1.2095, find the overall blower efficiency at the design point.

Given:
N = 1200 rpm
T1 = 65℉
P1 = 14.7 psia
P2 = 10 psig
v = 1320 cfm
BP = 85hp
k = 1.2059

Required:
Overall blower efficiency, nO

Solution:
• Solving for work using isentropic compression
k−1
k P2 k
W= (P1 V1 ) [( ) − 1]
k−1 P1

1.2059 lb 12 in 2 ft 3 1 min
W= (14.7 2 x ( ) ) (1320 x )x
1.2059 − 1 in 1 ft min 60 s
1.2059−1
10 psig + 14.7 psi 1.2059
[( ) − 1]
14.7 psia
lb − ft 1 hp
W = 25,270.62567 x
s lb − ft
550 s

W = 45.94659212 hp
• Solving for overall blower efficiency
W
BHP=
nO
W
nO = x 100%
BHP

45.94659212
nO = x 100%
85hp
𝐧𝐎 = 𝟓𝟒. 𝟎𝟓%
28. Determine the air power of a fan that has an output of 3 m by 2.4 m and can provide 1,400
m3 /s of air. The air density is 1.15 and the static pressure is 25 mmHg.

Given:

Q = 1,400 m3 /s
hw = 0.125 m WG

A = 3 m x 2.4 m = 7.2 m2

Pa = 1.15 kg/m3

Required:
Pa (Hp) =?

Solution:
kg
hw ρw (0.125 m)(1000 3 )
hs = = m = 108.6956522 m
(Pa ) (1.15 kg/m3 )

Q = AV

m3
(1,400 ) = (7.2 m2 )(V)
s

m
V = 194.4444444 s

V2 194.44444442
hv = = = 1,927.045972 m
(2g) (2)(9.81)

HT = hs + hv = 108.6956522 m + 1,927.045972 = 2,035.741624 m

kg m m3
Pair = γQH = (1.15 ) (9.81 2 ) (1,400 ) (2,035.741624 m)
m3 s s

1 Hp
Pair = 32,152,706.79 W x 746 W

𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐫 = 𝟒𝟑, 𝟏𝟎𝟎. 𝟏𝟒 𝐇𝐩

29. A 25 m total head fan is powered by 20 horsepower. What is the maximum capacity in
gal/hr. if the fan efficiency is 80%?
Given:
efan = 80%
Tb = Pin = 20 Hp
H = 25 m
 Required:
Q =?

Solution:
Pout Pair
efan = =
Pin Pb
Pair = (efan )(Pin )
Pair = (0.80)(20)
746 kW
Pair = 16 hp x
1 Hp
Pair = 11,936 W
Pair = yQH
Pair
Q=
yH
11,936
Q=
m kg
(9.81 2 x 1.2 3 ) (25)
s m
3,600 s 1000 L 1 gal
Q = 40.5572545 x x x
1 hr 1m3 3.785 L
𝐠𝐚𝐥
𝐐 = 𝟑𝟖, 𝟓𝟕𝟒, 𝟗𝟑𝟏. 𝟔𝟑
𝐡𝐫

30. In this installation, a 12 HP motor operating at 640 rpm powers a fan that produces 530
m3 of air per minute at a total pressure of 6.2 cm WC. If installed in the same location,
9.2 cm of water pressure is needed. What motor speed and power will be used to operate
the fan?

Given:
Q = 530 m3/min
h1 = 6.2 cm
P = 12 Hp
N1 = 640 rpm
h1 = 9.2 cm

Required:
Power and Motor Speed, N2 and P2

Solution:
 H2 N2 2
=( )
H1 N1
2
9.2 N2
=( )
6.2 640 rpm
𝐍𝟐 = 𝟕𝟖𝟎 𝐫𝐩𝐦

P2 N2 3
=( )
P1 N1
P2 780 rpm 3
=( )
12 Hp 640 rpm
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟐𝟏. 𝟕𝟐 𝐇𝐩

31. What horsepower is supplied to air moving at 7 m/min through a 70 cm x 100 cm duct
under a pressure of 8.5 cm of H2O.

Given: Required:
V = 7 m/min Power, Pair
Dimension = 70 cm x 100 cm
hw = 8.5 cm

Solution:
Q = AV
m 1 min
Q = (0.70 m) (1 m) (7 )( )
min 60 s
m3
Q = 0.081667
s

kg
ρw 1000 3
hs = hw ( ) = (0.085 m) ( m ) = 70.83 m
ρa kg
1.2 3
m
Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3
Pair = (1.2 3 ) ( ) (0.081667 ) (70.83 m)
m 1 kg s
1 Hp
Pair = 0.0681 kW x
0.746 kW
𝐏𝐚𝐢𝐫 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟑 𝐇𝐩
32. In this installation, a 10 HP motor operating at 600 rpm powers a fan that produces 520
m3 of air per minute at a total pressure of 6 cm WC. If installed in the same location, 8
cm of water pressure is needed. What motor speed and power will be used to operate the
fan?

Given:
Q = 520 m3/min
h1 = 6 cm
P = 10 Hp
N1 = 600 rpm
h1 = 8 cm

Required:
Power and Motor Speed, N2 and P2

Solution:

𝐻2 𝑁2 2
=( )
𝐻1 𝑁1
2
8 𝑁2
=( )
6 600 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑵𝟐 = 𝟔𝟗𝟐. 𝟖𝟐 𝒓𝒑𝒎

𝑃2 𝑁2 3
=( )
𝑃1 𝑁1
𝑃2 692.82 𝑟𝑝𝑚 3
=( )
10 𝐻𝑝 600 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑷𝟐 = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟒 𝑯𝒑

33. Find the static efficiency if the total pressure created by fan is 18 m of air. The mechanical
efficiency and static pressure of fan are 45% and 13 m of air respectively.

Given:
hs = 13 m
HT = 18 m
Efan = 45%

Required:
es = ?
 Solution:
ℎ𝑠
𝑒𝑠 = (𝑒𝑚 ) ( )
𝐻𝑇

13 𝑚
𝑒𝑠 = (0.45) ( )
18 𝑚

𝑒𝑠 = 0.325 𝑥 100% = 𝟑𝟐. 𝟓%

34. The usual air flow rate used by a boiler is 72 500 m3/hr. If the fan can deliver a total pressure
of 150 mm of water gage, what is the motor power? The fan has a 65% mechanical
efficiency.

Given: Required:
Q = 72 500 m3/hr Motor Power, Pmotor
hw = 150 mm
e = 65%

Solution:
kg
ρw 1000 3
h = hw ( ) = (0.150 m) ( m ) = 125 m
ρa kg
1.2 3
m
Pair = γQH
kg 0.00981 kN m3 1 hr
Pair = (1.2 3
) ( ) (72 500 )( ) (125 m)
m 1 kg hr 3600s
Pair = 29.63 kW

Pair 29.63 kW
Pmotor = =
e 0.65
𝐏𝐦𝐨𝐭𝐨𝐫 = 𝟒𝟓. 𝟓𝟖 𝐤𝐖

35. Irene has a fan which have a suction pressure of 5 cm water vacuum with air velocity of 6
m/s. The discharge has 18 cm water gage and discharge velocity of 17 m/s. Find the total
head of fan. (Unit in furlong).

Given:
hsw = -5 cm WG
hdw = 18 cm WG
 Vd = 17 m/s
Vs = 6 m/s

Required:
HT = ?

Solution:
(ℎ𝑑𝑤 − ℎ𝑠𝑤 )(𝜌𝑤 ) (0.18 𝑚 − (−0.05 𝑚))(1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )
ℎ𝑠 = = = 191.67 𝑚
𝜌𝑎 (1.2 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 )
(𝑉𝑑2 − 𝑉𝑠2 ) (172 − 62 )
ℎ𝑣 = = 𝑚 = 12.9 𝑚
2𝑔 2(9.81 2 )
𝑠

𝐻𝑇 = ℎ𝑠 + ℎ𝑣 = 191.67 𝑚 + 12.9 𝑚 = 𝟐𝟎𝟒. 𝟓𝟕 𝒎

36. A 45 in. diameter fan rated at 165,000 gpm standard air at 15 in. static pressure is operating
at 1,150 rpm. Find the specific speed.

Given:
N = 1,150 rpm
Q = 165,000 gpm
HT = 15 in

Solution:

𝑁√𝑄
𝑁𝑆 =
𝐻 3/4

1150 𝑟𝑝𝑚√165,000 𝑔𝑝𝑚

𝑁𝑆 =
1𝑓𝑡
(15 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 12 𝑖𝑛) 3/4

𝑵𝑺 = 𝟑𝟗𝟓, 𝟏𝟒𝟓. 𝟕𝟒 𝒓𝒑𝒎

37. At 1.2 kg/m3 of air density, a fan generates 188 kW of braking power. If the fan runs at
122 kPa and 35°C at the same speed, what is its new braking power?
 Given: Required:
kg
ρ1 = 1.2 New Braking Power, P2
m3

P1 = 188 kW
P = 122 kPa
T = 35°C

Solution:
P 122 kPa kg
ρ2 = = = 1.38 3
RT kJ m
(0.287 ) (35 + 273)
kg − k

P2 ρ2
=
P1 ρ1
kg
P2 1.38 3
= m
188 kW kg
1.2 3
m
𝐏𝟐 = 𝟐𝟏𝟔. 𝟐 𝐤𝐖

38. A fan develops a brake power of 231 kW at 1.2 kg/m3 air density. What is the new brake
power of the fan if it operates at 112 kPa and 37°C at the same speed?

Given:
T1 = 112 kPa
T2 = = 37°C + 273 = 310°K
Pb1 = 231 kW

Required:

Pb2 = ?

Solution:

𝜌2 112 𝑘𝑃𝑎 𝑘𝑔
𝑃2 = =( ) = 1.26 3
(𝑅)(𝑇2 ) 𝑘𝐽 𝑚
(0.287 ) (37 + 273)
𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾
𝑃𝑏2 𝜌2
=
𝑃𝑏1 𝜌1
𝜌2
𝑃𝑏2 = (𝑃𝑏1 ) ( )
𝜌1
 1.26
𝑃𝑏2 = (231 𝑘𝑊) ( )
1.2
𝑷𝒃𝟐 = 𝟐𝟒𝟐. 𝟓𝟓 𝒌𝑾

39. If the total pressure created by fan is 21 m of air. The mechanical efficiency and static
pressure of fan are 35% and 15 m of air respectively. Find the static efficiency.

Given:
hs = 15 m
HT = 21 m
Efan = 35%

Required:
es = ?

Solution:
ℎ𝑠
𝑒𝑠 = (𝑒𝑚 ) ( )
𝐻𝑇

15 𝑚
𝑒𝑠 = (0.35) ( )
21 𝑚

𝑒𝑠 = 0.25 𝑥 100% = 𝟐𝟓%

40. Find the specific speed. Of a 52 in. diameter fan which is rated at 185,350 gpm standard
air at 18 in. static pressure is operating at 1,350 rpm.

Given:
N = 1,350 rpm
Q = 185,350 gpm
HT = 18 in

Solution:

𝑁√𝑄
𝑁𝑆 =
𝐻 3/4
 1350 𝑟𝑝𝑚√185,350 𝑔𝑝𝑚
𝑁𝑆 =
1𝑓𝑡
(18 𝑖𝑛 𝑥 12 𝑖𝑛) 3/4

𝑵𝑺 = 𝟒𝟐𝟖, 𝟖𝟎𝟔. 𝟕𝟓 𝒓𝒑𝒎