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    Case Study Marking Guide

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    boris yeltin
    The document discusses petroleum exploration techniques including magnetic, gravimetric, seismic, aerial and satellite surveying. It also discusses petroleum production processes like corrosion control, separating technologies, and physicochemical characterization of petroleum. Additionally, it covers reservoir engineering terms such as formation volume factor, gas solubility, recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place. Finally, it addresses well logging concepts like clean formation, abnormal pressure and cased hole logging.

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    Case Study Marking Guide

    Uploaded by

    boris yeltin
    3 views3 pages
    The document discusses petroleum exploration techniques including magnetic, gravimetric, seismic, aerial and satellite surveying. It also discusses petroleum production processes like corrosion control, separating technologies, and physicochemical characterization of petroleum. Additionally, it covers reservoir engineering terms such as formation volume factor, gas solubility, recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place. Finally, it addresses well logging concepts like clean formation, abnormal pressure and cased hole logging.

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    The document discusses petroleum exploration techniques including magnetic, gravimetric, seismic, aerial and satellite surveying. It also discusses petroleum production processes like corrosion control, separating technologies, and physicochemical characterization of petroleum. Additionally, it covers reservoir engineering terms such as formation volume factor, gas solubility, recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place. Finally, it addresses well logging concepts like clean formation, abnormal pressure and cased hole logging.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    3 views3 pages

    Case Study Marking Guide

    Uploaded by

    boris yeltin
    The document discusses petroleum exploration techniques including magnetic, gravimetric, seismic, aerial and satellite surveying. It also discusses petroleum production processes like corrosion control, separating technologies, and physicochemical characterization of petroleum. Additionally, it covers reservoir engineering terms such as formation volume factor, gas solubility, recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place. Finally, it addresses well logging concepts like clean formation, abnormal pressure and cased hole logging.

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    Section a: Petroleum Exploration

    Question 1

    a) State and explain in details 5 petroleum exploration techniques (15mks)


    Magnetic:
    Measurement of changes in the intensity and
    direction of the earth‘s magnetic field brought
    about by the presence of basement magnetic
    rocks (organic and metamorphic rocks) can give
    an indication of thickness of subsurface
    sediments overlaying the basement rocks.
    Gravimetric :
    This method depends on the precise
    measurement of slight variations in gravity, or
    more correctly in “g” the acceleration due to
    gravity, on the surface caused by different
    densities of the rocks underlying the prospecting
    area.As the density of the rocks varies, so does the
    gravitational attraction at the surface.
    Seismic :
    is the most effective method for examining the
    earth's structure by use of geophysics, is based
    upon recording artificially generated shock
    waves that are reflected due to elastic
    discontinuities between different rocks.
    Two main methods are used: reflection and
    refraction. In both, an explosive charge or shock
    by means of a special truck is performed near
    the earth's surface.
    Aerial Surveying
    An airplane fitted with a wide-angled
    camera flies strip wise over the area taking
    photographs each of which overlaps those
    adjoining.
    By stereoscopic study of these photographs a
    fairly accurate topographical map and a
    geological map showing the geological surface
    features observable from the air are
    constructed.
    These maps not only help in the planning of
    ground surveys but also enable geologists to go
    directly to the points of greatest interest.
    Satellite Surveying
    Growing use being made of satellites imaging
    techniques to detect potential subsurface
    deposits of hydrocarbons and other minerals.
    The satellite system can be equipped with a
    coherent infrared imaging system which scans
    the area of observation for detecting the
    hydrocarbon gas cloud which appears above an
    oil or natural gas reservoir.

    b) Provided that the oil and gas company have work for several years on a prospective area
    before and exploration well was spudded

    i) what are the Petroleum exploration role and objectives? (5mks)

    - to determine two way travel time or depth of rock interface


    -the deep of interfaces
    -location of rocks discontinuity and facies
    -changes of stratigraphy or unconformities
    -rocks or liquid properties
    ii) Define the term geophysical Prospecting, as used in petroleum exploration. (5mks)

    Section b: Petroleum Production Technology

    Question 2

    a) State and explain three processes by which corosion is controlled or mitigated during
    petroleum production operations (9mks)

    b) With diagrams where appropriate, describe three separating technologies applied during
    petroleum production (12mks)

    c) Enlist and give the significance of five physicochemical characterization associated with
    liquid petroleum to ascertain its quality before marketing (1 0mks)

    Section C: Reservoir Engineering

    Question 3

    Where applicable, Using mathematical expressions demonstrate your understanding of

    the following terms as applied to reservoir engineering.

    i) Apparent Molecular weight (2mks)

    ii) Gas solubility of crude oil (6mks)

    i) Oil formation volume factor (2mks)


    The volume of oil swells when gas is dissolved in the oil. The FVF for oil, Bo, expresses this
    swelling as a ratio of the swollen volume to the volume of the oil phase at a reference
    condition. This ratio is expressed as reservoir volume divided by stock tank volume. Unit for
    oil FVF in oil field units is RB/STB

    Draw the curve

    iv) Recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place (6mks)

    Section d: Basic Well Logging and Interpretation

    (25mks) Question 4

    Elaborate the definitions, applications and underlying principles where applicable of the
    following words.

    i) Logging and drilling (8mks)

    ii) Clean formation and abnormal pressure (8mks)

    iii) Well texting, open and cased hole well logging (9mks)

    ii) Recovery reserve and original oil and gas in place (6mks

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