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was born [writes Jekyll] to a wealthy family and, after a good
education, I gained the respect of all who knew me. I seemed to be

guaranteed an honorable and distinguished future. If I had any single,
serious flaw, it was that I was perhaps inclined to be a bit too spirited.
Other people admired my light-hearted good nature, but personally, I
was annoyed by it. I preferred to present an unchanging seriousness to
the public. For that reason, I willfully decided to conceal all my
pleasures. Now, years later, I realize that my life has been an
admirable one, but it has certainly been a fraudulent one. No one but
me knows my true nature. All these years, the public has seen only a
veneer of my real self. No one could guess what degrading things I
have done secretly, things which I must say in all honesty, I enjoyed
very much. And yet I do not consider myself a hypocrite, for man has
a dual nature. The professional, respectable side of my character is as
much a part of me as is the side that has enjoyed to the fullest my
secret "irregularities."
Because I knew, first-hand, about my own — and man's — dual nature,

my medical studies began to increasingly focus on the origins and
dimensions of this phenomenon of duality. This investigation, of
course, bordered on the mystical and the transcendental, but only
these disciplines could help me better understand myself and the
duality of all human beings.
What I hoped to do, eventually, was to separate these two sides of a

person's character. I reasoned with myself that if I could do this, then I
could eradicate the unhappiness that exists in the "darker self," the
self that so often makes life seem unbearable. I saw my quest as
humanistic, for if I achieved my goal, man might walk more securely
"on the upward path" and no longer be exposed to the disgrace of evil.
To me, the curse of mankind seemed to be that man should have two
separate natures within himself, forces which were continually
struggling with one another. Thus, I began to speculate that our so-
called "solid" body might not be so solid, after all. If one could find the
physical or psychic membrane that bound our duality, it would be
possible to sever it. But because I attempted to rid man of "the bad
seed" that resides in him, I find now to my sorrow that such a task is
impossible. My discovery remains incomplete. I feel now that man is
doomed to lead a life which will always be a life of burden.
However, I tell myself, I tried to remove that burden, and I was able
to discover a drug that could extract the "lower elements" of myself.
Moreover, I was able to look upon this "self" and see that it, while
ignoble, was a part of myself, therefore "natural."
I want you to know that I did nothing rashly. I attempted my

experiment only after much consideration, for I knew that I was risking
death by using so potent a drug as I had devised. But it was my
extreme scientific curiosity that tempted me to try and reach into the
unknown and shatter the theory that man was indivisible. I was sure
that human beings had at least two distinct entities — a good self and
an evil self. My task was to use my body for my experiment and try to
extract my "evil" self.
I well remember the night I took the potion. I had bought a large
quantity of a particular salt that I knew would be the key catalyst; I
mixed it with the other ingredients and watched them boil and smoke
and then, summoning up all the courage I had, I drank the potion. It
began working almost immediately: A grinding tore at my bones, I was
racked with deadly nausea, and when my mind cleared, I felt strangely
younger, lighter, and happier. I felt newborn, and, above all, absolutely
free! I had no conscience. I was evil and wicked with no constraints.
I stretched my hands out in joy and was suddenly aware that not only
had I changed inwardly, but that I had changed physically. I had
become stunted. Desperately, I sought a mirror and dashed from the
laboratory, ran across the courtyard and into my bedroom, where there
was a mirror. There, for the first time, I saw my evil side, Edward Hyde,
sickly and deformed, despite the fact that I seemingly felt younger and
happier. I realized, of course, that my "professional" self had been
rigorously trained. This "side" of myself which I now saw had been
kept secret for many, many years in the dark cellar of my soul. No
wonder it looked sickly and less developed. Studying Hyde's face in
the mirror, I was horrified to recall the aura of "goodness" that
continually emanated from Jekyll's face, whereas evil positively
colored the entire countenance of Edward Hyde. Yet I was not entirely
repelled by what I saw, for this was me, or at least a part of me. What I
saw in the mirror seemed natural and human.
I did not linger at the mirror. I had to complete my experiment.

Therefore, I rushed to my laboratory, prepared the potion again, and
regained the self known to the world as Henry Jekyll, a dual-natured
man, wholly unlike the one-dimensional, wholly evil man whom I had
been only moments earlier. It occurred to me then that the evil within
me was, or might be, stronger than the good, but I dismissed the
thought. After all, my potion was neutral. Had I wished to release my
pure, wholly saint-like qualities, I could have. But I chose, instead, to
extract the evil side of my nature and I had, in the process, given birth
to the wholly evil Edward Hyde.
My discovery, though, was dangerous because now, I was growing old.

I liked feeling young and free. Thus, I was increasingly tempted to
drink the potion and drop the dull body of the aging Dr. Jekyll and
become, instead, the lithe, young Edward Hyde. In fact, I liked Hyde so
much that I furnished a house and hired a discreet but unscrupulous
housekeeper for him. Then I announced to my servants that Mr. Hyde
was to have free liberty and power in my house. It was a queer,
perverse sort of joy to call at my own home in the body of Hyde and
watch the reactions of the servants. My next task was to make Hyde
my beneficiary in case anything should happen, accidentally, to Jekyll
during one of the experiments.
Hyde was a rare luxury. Other men had to hire professional villains to
carry out their crimes and also risk a bad conscience afterward, in
addition to blackmail. I was safe. Edward Hyde could enjoy all my
wicked pleasures and execute all of my angry, vengeful, irrational
wishes — and he would be free from shame, for he was free from
conscience. He was truly evil. I, Jekyll, however, did have a sense of
objectivity, and often I was awed at the utter depravity of Hyde. Yet
even if I was aghast at Hyde's sensual debauchery, his acts were
beyond all "natural" laws, as was I. Thus, my conscience relaxed. It
was Hyde, not I, who was guilty. Jekyll's good qualities remained fresh
and intact each morning after Hyde had spent an entire night in
drunken, bestial orgies of lust and violence. And then, finally, my own
conscience — that is, Jekyll's — did not merely "relax"; it slept.
I will not go into the details of Hyde's depravity, except to mention

that one night he accidentally ran headlong into a child, and the
mishap drew a crowd. Coincidentally, Utterson, among the people who
gathered was a kinsman of yours. For the first time, I feared for my
life, and in order to pacify the child's family, I had no alternative but to
open the door to the dissecting room, go inside, and write a check on
Jekyll's account. Later, I prudently set up a separate checking
account for Hyde and had him use a backhand script when necessary.
I thought that I had taken sufficient precautions to furnish safety for
Hyde, but some two months before Sir Danvers Carew was murdered, a
terrifying thing occurred. I awoke and realized that I was not Jekyll. I
thought that I had gone to bed in my own body in my own room, but I
could not be sure, for I realized that I had awakened in the small,
misshapen body of Hyde.
I rushed to the mirror in absolute terror. It was Hyde whom I saw.

Somehow, during the night, my body chemistry had reversed itself, and
the evil Hyde had taken possession of me. I had no alternative but to
dash through the courtyard and the corridors and see one of my
servants look in wonder at Hyde's appearance in my house at such an
early hour.
Ten minutes later, I was Jekyll again. I made a pretense of eating

breakfast, but I was not hungry. I feared that I was losing the power to
choose when I wished to change myself into Hyde. Hyde was now
making that decision. Accordingly, it became necessary for me to
double, then triple, the dosage of the drug in order to keep Hyde in
check. And not knowing what side effects the drug might have, I knew
that I was risking death. But I had no choice. I had to control Hyde.
My "better" self was losing not only the power to return to its former
self, but I realized that I, Jekyll, was losing the will to do so. Soon I
was faced with a dilemma. Which person did I want to be ? The free,
conscience-less Hyde? Or the "good," suppressed Doctor Jekyll? If I
remained Jekyll forever, I could never more enjoy the depravities that
Hyde gorged himself on. I would be, once more, a good man, but I
would be a sterile shell of a man, constantly fighting the fires of
temptation because I had tasted — and reveled in — sin, with no
remorse or shame.
Rationally, I chose to remain Jekyll, and I said farewell, I thought, to

the secret pleasures of the free soul, Edward Hyde. But my decision
wasn't one of total commitment. I didn't do away with Hyde's
apartment or his clothes — despite the fact that for two months, I led
an exemplary life. Then, without warning one day, I was tortured with
throbbing knots of lust and depravity. Hyde was struggling to be
released. And in a moment of weakness, I gave him his freedom. I
drank the potion and once more, Edward Hyde was freed. He had been
caged for so long that he came out roaring, and one of his first acts
was to savagely murder Sir Danvers Carew.
When I was able to transform myself once more into Jekyll, I broke
Hyde's key to the dissecting room and stamped it under my heel. I was
finished with Hyde. Yet one day while I was in Regent's Park enjoying
the sun, I began to feel my body change of its own will. I became Hyde.
The only solution was to flee to a hotel and write a letter to Lanyon
and one to Poole in order to obtain the ingredients for the potion so
that I could become Jekyll once more.
I was able to accomplish this, but Lanyon of course was horrified to

see Hyde change into the body of Jekyll before his eyes. Yet his horror
did not match my own horror later, for Hyde increasingly began to take
possession of me. If I slept or dozed, I awoke as Hyde and I was
doomed. I was no longer able to control Hyde.
Today, Hyde still controls me. And he despises me. He fears the
gallows and so he must dash back into Jekyll's body for safety, but he
does so resentfully, and he takes out his raging hate by scribbling
blasphemies in the margins of my books. He even destroyed the
portrait of my father. But how can I kill Hyde? He loves his freedom so.
I no longer have the old powders for the potion. Poole has been unable
to obtain any that are effective. Whatever I used originally must have
had an unknown impurity that allowed me to release Hyde. Thus, I now
must end my narrative — as Jekyll. Yet if while writing this, Hyde
surfaces, he will tear it to pieces. Hopefully, I can finish and save it for
you, Utterson, so that you can begin to understand my strange history.
Will Hyde die on the gallows? I no longer have the power to control or
foresee either my own destiny or Hyde's. This is truly my hour of death!

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was born [writes Jekyll] to a wealthy family and, after a good

education, I gained the respect of all who knew me. I seemed to be

Because I knew, first-hand, about my own — and man's — dual nature,

What I hoped to do, eventually, was to separate these two sides of a

I want you to know that I did nothing rashly. I attempted my

I did not linger at the mirror. I had to complete my experiment.

My discovery, though, was dangerous because now, I was growing old.

I will not go into the details of Hyde's depravity, except to mention

I rushed to the mirror in absolute terror. It was Hyde whom I saw.

Ten minutes later, I was Jekyll again. I made a pretense of eating

Rationally, I chose to remain Jekyll, and I said farewell, I thought, to

I was able to accomplish this, but Lanyon of course was horrified to

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