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What Is Disasrter

The document defines what a disaster is and describes different types of disasters including natural, man-made, and technological disasters. It provides examples of cyclones as a natural disaster and bomb explosions as a man-made disaster. It also outlines the five steps of disaster management procedures including prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

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Sonali Debnath
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10 views6 pages

What Is Disasrter

The document defines what a disaster is and describes different types of disasters including natural, man-made, and technological disasters. It provides examples of cyclones as a natural disaster and bomb explosions as a man-made disaster. It also outlines the five steps of disaster management procedures including prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery.

Uploaded by

Sonali Debnath
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WHAT IS DISASRTER?

A disaster is defined as a disruption on a massive scale, either natural or


man-made, occurring in short or long periods. Disasters can lead to
human, material, economic or environmental hardships, which can be
beyond the bearable capacity of the affected society. Disasters are
serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed
its capacity to cope using its own resources. Disasters can be
caused by natural, man-made and technological hazards, as well as
various factors that influence the exposure and vulnerability of a
community.Disasters are unforeseen events that cause damage to the
environment and the people.Natural calamities have been a cause of
great destruction and devastation on the Earth. They are
unpredictable in nature and avoiding them is impossible.
TYPES OF DISASTER

Disasters can be classified into the following categories:

● Water and Climate Disaster: Flood, hail storms, cloudburst, cyclones,


heat waves, cold waves, droughts, hurricanes.
● Geological Disaster: Landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
tornadoes
● Biological Disaster: Viral epidemics, pest attacks, cattle epidemic and
locust plagues
● Industrial Disaster: Chemical and industrial accidents, mine shaft fires,
oil spills
● Nuclear Disasters: Nuclear core meltdowns, radiation poisoning
● Man-made disasters: Urban and forest fires, oil spill, the collapse of
huge building structures.
NATURAL DISASTER

One common example of Natural Disaster is CYCLONES.


Cyclone is defined as the mass of air that rotates around the centre of low
pressure on a large scale. Cyclone is characterized by inward spiralling winds,
rotating clockwise (Southern Hemisphere) or anticlockwise (Northern
Hemisphere). Cyclones are centred on areas of low atmospheric pressure, usually over
warm ocean waters near the equator. The warm moist air over the ocean rises from the
surface in the upward direction, resulting in the formation of the low-pressure zone over
the surface. Air from the surrounding region, with higher pressure, pushes into the
low-pressure area. The cool air becomes warm and moist and rises again, thus the cycle
continues. As the warm air rises, the moisture in the air cools thus leading to the
formation of cloud. The whole system grows gradually and becomes fast with time. As a
result of this, an eye is created in the centre, as shown in the figure, which is the
low-pressure centre into which the high-pressure air flows from above, thus creating a
cyclone.
MAN MADE DISASTER

One common example of man made disaster is BOMB EXPLOSION.

An exclusively man-made disaster is bomb explosion. Bomb is an explosive


weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of explosive material or provide
an extremely sudden and evident release of energy. This is invented by
humans and any disaster caused by it is exclusively man-made. while fire,
floods, and famine are not exclusively man-made disasters. Nature itself
trigger or aids in these disasters. Therefore they are not exclusively
man-made . Explosions can occur by accident or as the result of malicious intent.
Bombs, explosives or other incendiary devices are one of the most common
methods used by terrorists to inflict harm and create fear. Although the purpose
behind many bombs is to cause harm and destruction through an explosion, bombs
can also be used to disperse chemical, biological, incendiary and nuclear agents.
This link will provide you with more information.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROCEDURE

There are five steps of disaster management procedures:

1. Prevention
The best way to address a disaster is by being proactive. This means identifying
potential hazards and devising safeguards to mitigate their impact.

2. Mitigation
Mitigation aims to minimize the loss of human life that would result from a disaster.
Both structural and nonstructural measures may be taken.

3. Preparedness
Preparedness is an ongoing process in which individuals, communities, businesses
and organizations can plan and train for what they’ll do in the event of a disaster.

4. Response
Response is what happens after the disaster occurs. It involves both short- and
long-term responses.

5. Recovery
The fifth stage in the disaster-management cycle is recovery. This can take a long
time, sometimes years or decades. For example, some areas in New Orleans have
yet to fully recover from Hurricane Katrina in 2005. It involves stabilizing the area and
restoring all essential community functions. Recovery requires prioritization: first,
essential services like food, clean water, utilities, transportation and healthcare will
be restored, with less-essential services being prioritized later.
CONCLUSION

In conclusion, proper strategic, tactical, and operational considerations in preparing a


disaster management response are needed, not only to respond to the impacts of the natural
disaster, but also for maintaining the continuity of life, and business while the crisis is being
managed as well as for guiding the reconstruction and recovery effectively. Dealing with a
natural disaster may be considered as a social process requiring the support from the public to
plan, initiate, and participate in a variety of citizens, technical experts, and responders. Disaster
management responses need to be sustainable because challenges are posed by the non-
renewable use of the resource, population growth, climate change, and imbalances of wealth. It
can be said that at its most basic level, preparing a disaster management response is more
codified common sense. In other words, the recent disasters are increasing in complexity,
which requires substantial professionalization of the field of disaster management. The
conclusion is trued because of the escalating role in the disaster response of the information
and communication technology. Resource managers are the people planning and coordinating
disaster management, and in the future, these managers will be expected to deal with the
sophisticated and complex transfer of material and human resources. The world is globalizing
and is subjected to accelerating economic, social, and physical change; hence, the challenge of
disaster management will depend on the effective foresight and planning and the ability to
connect disparate elements of disaster response into coherent strategies.

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