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    The document discusses the definition of famine and the technical criteria required for a famine to be declared. It outlines communities in Africa currently facing extreme food crises due to factors like climate change, conflict, and inflation. Consequences of the hunger crisis particularly impact children through malnutrition and increased mortality rates.

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    Expose Anglais

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    The document discusses the definition of famine and the technical criteria required for a famine to be declared. It outlines communities in Africa currently facing extreme food crises due to factors like climate change, conflict, and inflation. Consequences of the hunger crisis particularly impact children through malnutrition and increased mortality rates.

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    The document discusses the definition of famine and the technical criteria required for a famine to be declared. It outlines communities in Africa currently facing extreme food crises due to factors like climate change, conflict, and inflation. Consequences of the hunger crisis particularly impact children through malnutrition and increased mortality rates.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    22 views3 pages

    Expose Anglais

    Uploaded by

    claudejoachim17
    The document discusses the definition of famine and the technical criteria required for a famine to be declared. It outlines communities in Africa currently facing extreme food crises due to factors like climate change, conflict, and inflation. Consequences of the hunger crisis particularly impact children through malnutrition and increased mortality rates.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    DEFINITION

    The dictionary definition of the word famine is “extreme scarcity of food.” In humanitarian
    terms, it’s the absolute worst-case scenario for a food crisis, with a specific technical
    definition. A food crisis only becomes a famine when large-scale starvation, malnutrition, and
    death are observed.

    For a famine to be declared, the following three things must all be true:

     At least 20% of households in a given area face extreme food shortages with limited
    ability to cope.
     More than 30% of children suffer from acute malnutrition.
     Hunger causes more than two deaths each day for every 10,000 people.

    When a food crisis no longer meets these technical criteria, a famine is over (at least
    temporarily). For example, South Sudan declared famine in February 2017 in two counties in
    Unity state with a population of about 100,000. By July, enough aid had reached the area so
    that famine conditions had ended.

    AFFECTED COMMUNITIES
    Communities across Africa including in Kenya, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Somalia and the Sahel
    (Niger, Mali, Chad, Mauritania and Burkina particularly) are facing the worst food crisis
    seen in 40 years. It's the worst crisis in decades - yet it's only just hitting the headlines.
    This extreme hunger is hitting great swathes of Africa in the Horn of Africa and the Sahel
    particularly hard. In Somalia alone, 7 million people are on the brink of famine, In the
    Baidoa and Burhakaba districts, growing numbers of children are already dying.

    We are fast approaching a catastrophic situation. That means people will be at breaking point,
    having exhausted every avenue to try and feed their families.

    These are resilient communities, but after back-to-back emergencies their fortitude is fading.
    According to the UN, 46 million people in Africa experienced hunger in the aftermath of the
    Covid-19 pandemic – that’s the highest share of any continent in the world.

    CAUSES
    Global factors such as ongoing climate change, the conflict in Ukraine, inflation around
    the world and a surge in global food prices have caused devastating ripples across the
    globe.
    Soaring food prices, conflict and climate change are plunging parts of Africa into a severe and
    enduring food crisis, with millions of people in Africa facing extreme hunger.
    Other factors, such as year on year droughts in the horn of Africa, locust storms destroying
    crops, internal conflict in Ethiopia, and floods and droughts across the Sahel were already
    having a devastating impact on people’s lives, families, health, and livelihoods.
    CONSEQUENCES
    Children are particularly affected by the hunger crisis in Africa. There are far too many
    starving kids in Africa. Malnutrition leads to physical and mental development delays
    and disorders and is a major cause of high infant mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa.

     According to UN data, 165 million children worldwide are too small for their age, or
    stunted, due to chronic malnutrition. Three quarters of these children live in sub-
    Saharan Africa and South Asia. In sub-Saharan Africa, 40% of children are
    affected; in South Asia, 39%.
     3.2 million Children under the age of 5 die each year in sub-Saharan Africa - that's
    about half of the world's deaths in this age group.
     Worldwide, nearly every second death in children under the age of five is due to
    malnutrition. As this weakens the immune system, diseases such as pneumonia,
    malaria or diarrhea often lead to death.

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