Specification For Application of BoTn Hardbanding Ver.3.0

Shanghai BoTeng Welding Consumables Co.
, Ltd
上海博腾焊接材料有限公司
Specification for Application of
BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 Hardbanding
for Tool Joints, Heavy Weight Drill Pipe, Drill Collar

Version 3.0, May. 2023
Shanghai BoTeng Welding Consumables Co., Ltd.
Address: No.1825 Luodong Road, Baoshan Industrial Zone, Shanghai, China
Post Code: 200949
Tel/Fax: 86-021-33851868
Email: gaozhh2005@163.com
Web: http://www.hilonggroup.com
Version 2.1, Feb. 2022

Shanghai BoTeng Welding Consumables Co., Ltd
Content
SECTION 1: Types of BoTn Hardbanding .................................................. 3
1.1 Raised Hardbanding ................................................................... 3
1.2 Flush Hardbanding .................................................................... 4
1.3 The Raised Hardbanding for Middle Upset Location of HWDP ................................. 4
Section 2 Welding Equipment Requirement ................................................ 5
Section 3 Welding Process .............................................................. 6
3.1 Pre-Weld Equipment Inspection ......................................................... 6
3.2 Pre-weld Material Inspection ............................................................ 6
3.3 Shielding Gas Requirement ............................................................. 6
3.4 General Weld Preparation Requirement.................................................... 6
3.5 Pre-heat Requirement and Heat Soak Check ................................................ 8
3.6. Special Notation for Welding Procedure ................................................... 9
3.7 The Post-Weld Treatment ............................................................. 10
Section 4 Inspection and Acceptance .................................................... 11
4.1 Inspection .......................................................................... 11
4.2 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................. 12
Appendix 1 Recommended Welding Parameters for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 .................... 17
Appendix 2 Preheat Temperature for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 hardbanding...................... 19
Appendix 3 HardFacing-Location and weld Groove Dimensions .................................. 20
Appendix 4 The Dimensions and Tolerances.................................................. 21
Appendix 5 Hardbanding Processing Record ................................................. 22
Appendix 6 Hardbanding Inspection Record .................................................. 23
Appendix 7 Estimated Usage of BoTn Hardbanding Wire ....................................... 24
Appendix 8 Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Conversion Chart ................................ 25
Appendix 9 Version Update Instruction ...................................................... 26
Version 2.1, Feb. 2022

SECTION 1: Types of BoTn Hardbanding
1.1 Raised Hardbanding
When specified by the customer, a recess groove is machined into the 18° shoulder and filled
flush with BoTn. One layer is then applied raised on the tool joint O.D. for a specified length. Normally
76~102mm of hardbanding is applied on the Box.
As a recommended option, 50~76mm hardbanding is applied on the Pin O.D. Instead of the full
length of the tool joint contacting the inner surface of the casing or the open hole wall, the
hardbanding makes the contact, thereby reducing casing wear and tool joint wear. This raised
application for tool joints is illustrated in Figure 1.1(a), (b).
LP LB H
50~76mm 76~102 mm 2.4~3.2mm
**apply BoTn flush on 18°shoulder，the Weld Groove Dimensions, Appendix 3.
Fig.1.1 BoTn hardbanding Raised Application
Version3.0, May. 2023

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1.2 Flush Hardbanding
1.2.1 Flush Hardbanding is recommended only if the maximum tool joint O.D. must be restricted so
as not to cause interference with the casing inside diameter. Any hardbanding, including BoTn,
applied in this manner will not yield maximum results because the tool joint OD begins to wear
simultaneously with the hardbanding.
1.2.2 For a Flush Hardband application, a recess groove is machined into the entire hardband area of
the tool joint and filled with BoTn flush with the O.D. of the tool joint. The hardband area normally
includes the 18°shoulder. This type of application is illustrated in Figure 1.2.
LP LB D H
+0.8
50~76mm 76~102 mm Appendix 3 Flush with O.D.-0 mm
** apply BoTn flush hardbanding on 18°shoulder，the Weld Groove Dimensions, Appendix 3.
Fig.1.2 BoTn hardbanding Flush Application
1.3 The Raised Hardbanding for Middle Upset Location of HWDP
As a better protection, less casing wear and a recommended option, the raised hardbanding is
applied on the middle upset location of heavy weight dill pipe. This type of application is illustrated in
Figure 1.3.

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upset location
L H H L
L H
76mm 2.4~3.2 mm
Fig.1.3 BoTn handbanding application on upset location of HWDP
Section 2 Welding Equipment Requirement

2.1 The welding equipment should consist of a Constant, Direct Current (DC) power supply capable
of furnishing a current of 220 - 400 amperes and 22 - 40 volts, with the wire Positive (DCEP). Reverse
polarity (DCEP) is to be utilized at all times regardless of the type of steel that the hardband is being
applied onto.
2.2 The welding equipment should have a clean grounding system that will not resist the flow of
electric current. The grounding electrode shall be prevented from connecting with threads to avoid the
arc burn or others. Any grounding electrode shall be connected the external pipe surface.
2.3 The equipment should have the ability to grip and rotate the tool joint under the welding torch
concentric to within .030〞 (0,76mm) and at a constant uniform speed of between 1′30″ and 2′30″ per
revolution. The tool joint O.D. determines the speed at which to rotate the tool joint.
2.4 The equipment must have the ability to move the welding torch from vertical center so that
welding takes place on the uphill side of the tool joint as it is being rotated. For this “Torch off-set”,
refer to the Recommended Welding Parameters as illustrated in Appendix 1
2.5 In addition, the equipment must have the ability to angle the welding torch, in the direction of the
rotation, to between 17-19 degrees as measured from vertical center of the tool joint. For this “Torch
Angle”, refer to the Recommended Welding Parameters illustrated in Appendix 1
2.6 The equipment must have the ability to oscillate the welding torch at a standoff distance of 19mm
to 25mm, from the welding surface and at approximately 60 to 90 oscillations per minute.
2.7 Welding equipment should include a wire feed system capable of feeding the wire through the
torch at a variable, uniform speed without damaging the surface or the shape of the wire. Special
wire-feed rollers designed for feeding soft-skinned, flux-cored wire should be utilized.

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Section 3 Welding Process
3.1 Pre-Weld Equipment Inspection
3.1.1 Ensure that the proper wire feed assembly (for soft-skinned cored wire) and torch tip are
installed, clean and in proper working order.
3.1.2 Ensure that the BoTn wire is properly loaded into the wire feed assembly. In addition, ensure
that only an adequate amount of tension is applied to the wire-feed rollers to feed the wire through to
the torch assembly.
3.1.3 Ensure that the torch is set at the proper angle and offset to achieve the correct weld bead
profile and deposition for the size and type of material being hardbanded.
3.1.4 Ensure that the correct polarity, voltage, amperage, wire feeding, rotation and oscillation
parameters are set per your welding procedures. These adjustments are based on the hardbanding
equipment and operators ‘ability to attain the required weld profile, height, thickness and deposition.
3.1.5 Ensure that the shielding gas is of good quality . Ensure that the flow of gas can be accurately
regulated.
3.2 Pre-weld Material Inspection
3.2.1 Ensure that the material to be hardbanded is clean and free of all foreign matter such as dirt,
rust, oil, grease, paint or thread compound.
3.2.2 Ensure that the part (tool joint or drill pipe) is set properly in the hardband machine so that the
weld area is as level and concentric as possible to within .030” (0.76mm).
3.3 Shielding Gas Requirement
Shielding gas must be supplied to the arc when welding BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000. The
regulated flow must be controlled to deliver 15~20 L/min to the arc area. The recommended
shielding gases for each type of wire are detailed in Appendix 1.
3.4 General Weld Preparation Requirement
3.4.1 Visually inspect the weld surface of all tool joints to ensure they are clean and free of all foreign
matter such as rust, dirt, grease, oil, paint or pipe coating.
3.4.2 Utilizing an angle grinder & wire brush will usually produce a sufficiently clean weld surface for
hardbanding new tool joints. Perform a visual inspection of the tool joint O.D. surface after buffing. It
is better that the cleaning work is carried through after pre-heat.
3.4.3 When hardbanding tool joints, The use of closed-end protectors, or applying tape over the

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wrench-hole openings on steel protectors, should be sufficient to prevent the drafting of air through
the inside of the drill pipe. This becomes extremely critical when hardbanding during windy or cold-air
conditions.
3.4.4 Guide for Re-application on an existing hardbanding
During the drilling, the hardbanding will gradually wear instead of the tool joint, when the
remaining thickness of the hardbanding is less than 1 mm, it is recommended to re-apply the
hardbanding.
The owner of the drill pipe, as well as the applicator, should also note then when different
hardbanding wires are applied one over another, the latest application, even if applied correctly, is
only as good as the previous applied layer. If the previous layer was not applied per the
manufacturer’s procedures (with respect to preheat, application or slow-cooling) spalling of the newly
applied layer from the previous layer, as well as spalling at the fusion line from the parent metal, can
occur.
3.4.4.1 Re-application on an existing hardbanding, two conditions must be met:
3.4.4.1.1 Existing hardbanding must not have defects such as any cracking, spalling, chipping or void
areas. If so, the existing hardbanding must be removed and the new hardbanding re-applied.
3.4.4.1.2 The hardbanding material to be re-apply must be metallurgically compatible with the
existing hardbanding material. If it is not compatible, the existing hardbanding must be removed and
the new hardbanding re-applied.
3.4.4.2 BoTn has determined, from previous testing and experience, that BoTn hardbanding can be
applied over itself and over some, but not all, of the other types of hardbanding. The hardbanding
wires that have been found to be metallurgically compatible with BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 are
BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000, Arnco 100XT/150XT/350XT,TCS-Titanium,Duraband, OTW-12. Those
that are definitely not compatible with BoTn hardbanding are Arnco 200XT, Arnco 300XT.
3.4.4.3 Cleaning of the hardbanding area must be performed to remove all drilling mud, dirt, rust, oil,
grease, thread compound, paint, etc. Utilizing a side-grinder & cup brush will usually produce a
sufficiently clean surface for inspection and welding. Washing of the hardbanding area with a soap or
solvent solution may be necessary to ensure a clean surface, especially when an oil based mud was
utilized during drilling operations.
3.4.4.4 Removal and Rebuild of the Hardbanding Area
Determine the integrity of the existing hardbanding. If any cracking, spalling, chipping or void
areas on the existing hardbanding are apparent, or existing hardbanding material is not compatible
with BoTn hardbanding, the existing hardbanding must be removed. The tool joint should then be
inspected to ensure that no cracks have propagated into the parent metal. If existing, such cracks
shall be cleaned by hand-grinding, and the surface by ground shall be glossy.

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3.4.4.4.1 The following methods shall be utilized when it is found that the existing hardbanding needs
to be removed.
a) By machining with a composite or ceramic type of tooling on a conventional lathe or CNC
equipment.
b) By grinding with stationary grinding equipment.
c) By plasma-arc gouging equipment.
d) By carbon-arc gouging equipment.
3.4.4.4.2 The Applicator should consult the manufacturer of the material (if known) for any required
dimensions that may be affected during repair. As an example, one most important dimension is the
hardbanding area minimum remaining wall thickness after the removal of hardbanding.
That is, the wall thickness of the tool joint remaining material in the hardbanding area should be
sufficient so that the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of the repair application does not penetrate to the ID
of the area being rebuilt. Experience has taught us that usually the HAZ will penetrate to 9.52mm into
the parent metal. A minimum wall thickness of 19 mm is usually required so to allow for the HAZ to be
no closer than 9.52mm to the ID of the material after welding.
If a remaining wall thickness of less than 19 mm may be realized, then careful consideration
should be made when removing the reject hardbanding and applying the repair layer. Specifically,
only remove the hardbanding to just below the surface of the parent metal; do not remove any excess
parent metal than is needed.
3.4.4.4.3 The Applicator shall utilize BoTn-R wire that is compatible with the parent metal steel for
rebuild tool joint surface. The BoTn-R wire is specially developed for the repair of tool joint and drill
pipe body. It can be used to repair the hardbanding of the tool joint as a bottom filler material. It is also
suitable for repairing or rebuilding the diameter of the tool joint. The repaired surface shall be flush
with the outside diameter of the tool joint and be clean and free of slag.
3.4.4.4.4 The Applicator shall have a Magnetic Particle or Liquid Penetrant Inspection performed after
application of the rebuilt surface and weld surface preparation to ensure the layer is free of cracks.
3.5 Pre-heat Requirement and Heat Soak Check
3.5.1 Preheating of the tool joint or drill collar must be performed regardless of the O.D. or ambient
temperature of the steel. Inadequate preheating can negatively affect the metallurgy of the weld as
well as the parent metal, even may cause undesirable cracking in the parent metal. The excessive
preheat can distort the weld bead profile. Applicators shall refer to Appendix 2 for the specific
preheat temperature ranges for the type of steel and OD size of the parent metal.

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3.5.2 The heat applied should be a soak heat rather than a surface heat. Medium frequency heating
can achieve the soak preheating effect, and flame heating can only be surface preheating. Therefore,
it is strongly recommended to use intermediate frequency heating as a preheating method.
However, some customers are limited by conditions and can only use flame heating. It is
recommended that when heating with flame, increase the preheating temperature to the
recommended upper temperature limit of + 20 ~ 50 ° in Appendix 2.It should be noted that this
method Its effect is also difficult to achieve the effect of intermediate frequency preheating.
It is highly recommended to use a calibrated contact thermometer to measure the preheating

temperature. An infrared thermometer is not recommended. The unit operator must ensure that the
desired preheat temperature range is controlled. Experience has taught us that excessive preheat
can distort the weld bead profile and insufficient preheat can negatively affect the metallurgy of the
weld as well as the parent metal.
Note: user can also adjust an appropriate pre-heat temperature according to the practical of
BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 in their company as long as the min and max temperature are not
exceeded.
3.6. Special Notation for Welding Procedure
3.6.1 Applicator should be aware that the heat generated during the per-heat and welding stages may
result in damage to previously-applied plastic coating. It is therefore recommended that such coatings
be applied after hardbanding operations and not before.
3.6.2 A preheat is required when hardbanding, especially in the case if quenched and tempered low
alloy steels such as AISI 4137H (tool joint material). (See Appendix 2)
3.6.3 For BoTn3000/5000, preheating requirements are higher in the following two cases.
1) Welding BoTn3000/5000 onto the existing hardbanding.
2) Welding hardbanding process is interrupted or hardabnding is incomplete, and the hardbanding

temperature has cooled down, then repair of the welding is need.
In both case, higher preheating temperature are required:
For BoTn3000/5000, the tool joint should be preheated to above the upper limit of the preheating
temperature in Appendix 2 plus more than 60 ~80° C and then welded after air has been cooled to the
upper limit of the preheating temperature in Appendix 2.
However, if the hardbanding is found to be incomplete just after welding, at which time the
hardbanding temperature is still not lower than the preheating temperature requirement in Appendix 2,
it can be repaired by direct welding without preheating.
3.6.4 Applicators are strongly advised to use a “test piece” or “practice joint” of the same diameter,
thickness and steel type to fine tune the welding equipment prior to starting production.

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3.6.5 When welding BoTn hardbanding to an existing hardbanding, the newly welded hardbanding
must completely cover the existing hardbanding, so that the new hardbanding, the existing
hardbanding and the base material are fully fused, to reduce residual stress in new and existing
hardbanding and avoid cracks.
3.6.6 The weld bead profile shall be flat to slightly convex and consistent throughout the entire
hardbanding area. The acceptable weld bead profiles are illustrated below in Figure 3.1
Unaccepted Accepted Accepted
Figure 3.1
The reason and corresponding measures for the “Concave” weld bead:
a. Reason: improper torch angle or offset “X”
Measure: readjusting the gradient angle and the offset “X” between welding torch and the vertical
line of the tool joint longitudinal section
b. Reason: excessive preheat and/or interpass temperature.
Measure: readjusting the preheating temperature.
3.6.7 When welding the 18° elevator shoulder, the operator must ensure that the weld bead is
consistently tied into the side of the recess groove in the tool joint shoulder. In addition, the weld bead
shall not exceed the surface of the adjacent elevator shoulder
3.6.8 Recommended welding parameters for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 hardbanding wire are

seen in Appendix 1
3.7 The Post-Weld Treatment
3.7.1 Slow-Cooling: The Applicator must “slow-cool” the hardbanded tool joints. To ensure the
required slow cooling, the tool joints need to be wrapped immediately in thermally insulated blankets
or canisters. The use of shop ventilation fans shall have the airflow directed away from the
hardbanded tool joints during handling, wrapping and slow cool storage. The wrapping and
subsequent slow cooling must take place in “still air”. The blankets or canisters shall remain on the
tool joint ends until the tool joint has cooled down to less than 70°C.
In order to ensure the effect of slow cooling, each welded tool joint should be wrapped tightly with a
blanket or canister alone. It is strictly forbidden to wrap multiple welded tool joints together with
blankets, this kind of similar “long bed insulation” (see Figure 3.2) is impossible to achieve the
required insulation effect, should be strictly prohibited.

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Fig.3.2 “long bed insulation” is strictly prohibited
3.7.2 Overall, workmanship and cleanliness of weld beads is of utmost importance. No slag, spatter,
high spots or minor protrusions should remain on weld area. Spatter and minor protrusions are
considered rejectable unless removed by grinding. Overlap areas should be ground to conform to the
overall hardband profile. Spalling of the weld bead is not acceptable. When using grinding wheel to
remove slag, spatter and protrusions, the grinding wheel can not stay in one place, but to grinding
back and forth, so as to avoid unnecessary cracks in the grinding place.
3.7.3 Repair grinding to contour overlap areas of the weld bead or to remove spatter or minor
protrusions shall be performed as necessary after the tool joint has been cooled down to less than
70°C.
Section 4 Inspection and Acceptance
Inspections of the hardbanding shall include the visual inspection and surface non-destructive
examination (NDE) as specified herein.
4.1 Inspection
4.1.1 Visual Inspection
A 100% visual inspection shall be performed in finished hardbanding.
4.1.1.1 The entire weld and adjacent area shall be clean, free of spatter and slag, with all minor
protrusions removed by light grinding or sanding. Overlap areas should be ground to conform to the
overall hardband profile. Spalling of the weld bead is rejectable.
4.1.1.2 The finished hardband weld application should have a flat to slightly convex profile. Light
grinding and sanding are permissible to achieve a flat contour. If the weld bead profile is concave
and/or insufficient in height, the weld area shall be rejected.

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4.1.1.3 Tie-ins with adjacent weld beads shall be consistent to prevent deep furrows or voids between
weld beads. These are acceptable as long as they are no more than 3.2mm (1/8”) wide or 1.6mm
(1/6”) deep, refer to Appendix 4.
4.1.1.4 Alignment across the hardband area for high or low areas in weld beads shall be checked.
Areas which exceed the tolerance for maximum specified height shall be repaired by minor grinding.
4.1.1.5 Tool joints that exhibit a lack of tie-in at the edge of the bead shall be rejected.
4.1.1.6 If there are surface breaking non-linear defects, such as porosity, blow hole and so on, on the
hardfacing bands greater than 3.2mm (1/8”) diameter or 1.6mm (1/16”) deep , these may be filled in
with a hand held MIG or a stick electrode as long as the preheat temperature is maintained.
4.1.1.7 The leading edge intersection between the hardbanding of the tool joint OD and the start of
the taper shall be smooth and rounded off.
4.1.1.8 The hardfacing weld beads shall be applied circumferentially and concentric with the OD of
the tool joint and a concentric taper band shall be applied on the 18º elevator shoulder. The weld
beads shall form a continuous band of a specified width.
4.1.2. Surface NDE
A wet magnetic particle inspection (MTI) shall be carried out as a periodic control for the surrounding
parent metal 25mm (1”) either side of the hardbanded area. The percent of MT can be determined
according to the order.
4.2 Acceptance Criteria
4.2.1 Cracks
4.2.1.1 When BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 are applied properly, there should be no cracks visible to
the naked eye. Cracking is defined as “visible to the naked eye” only. Cracks in the hardbanding that
are visible to the naked eye, other than small cracks in the last bead tie-in, are cause for rejection.
Cracks in the hardbanding detected only by MPI are not cause for rejection. If the cracks are visible to
the naked eye, the welding procedure parameter should be readjusted. Especially past-weld incorrect
slow-cooling could result in stress cracking due to rapid cool-down. Figure 4.1 , Figure 4.2, Figure 4.3
and Figure 4.4 are typical acceptable example of BoTn1000E, BoTn1000,BoTn3000 and BoTn5000
hardbanding used a pure 100% Argon as shielding gas, respectively.

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Figure 4.1 A typical acceptable BoTn1000E pattern used a pure 100% Argon as shielding gas
Figure 4.2 A typical acceptable BoTn1000 pattern used a pure 100% Argon as shielding gas

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Sometimes some small cracks were found in naked eye in the last bead tie-in. This affected by
kinds of factors. The factors include:
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a. The welding equipment has not the function of automatic transform to the next welding band. When
the previous welding band was finished, the work transforming to the next welding band have to be
done by operator and the protecting gas is not enough;
b. The welding equipment has not the function of delay arc. When welding was finished, rapid
solidification of molten pool, leading to some impurities can not be timely float out and
solidification in hardbanding. So the arc crack formed in the last bead tie-in.
c. The welding process was affected by outer flowing air and so on.
The small cracks in the last bead tie-in belong to local crack and should not be the criterion. The
photograph in Figure 4.5 is an example. But the operator should take measures to avoid the cracks.
Figure 4.5 Only small crack in the last bead tie-in is acceptable
4.2.1.2 Cracks that extend into the base material or heat affected zone of the tool joint are cause for
rejection.
4.2.2 Other defect types
4.2.2.1 Spalling of the weld bead is not acceptable. See Figure 4.6.

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Figure 4.6 Spalling of the weld bead is not acceptable
4.2.2.2 Porosity：
Cluster porosity defined as any area of 1” (25.4 mm) in diameter containing more than 5 porosity
holes with a depth greater than 1/16” (1.6 mm) is cause for rejection. Single porosity holes, voids
(burn-in) or blowholes, larger than ⅛" (3.2mm) in diameter and 3/32" (2.4mm) in depth are cause for
rejection.
The reason leading to porosity is as follows:
1) During hardbanding, porosity is caused by interrupted or insufficient gas flow.
2) During hardbanding, porosity is caused by impurities such as rust, solvent or thread dope that are
allowed to remain on the weld surface.
3) Welding slag is normally generated during the welding process and, if allowed to accumulate in
the torch nozzle, will fall out and contaminate the weld puddle.

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Appendix 1 Recommended Welding Parameters for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000
"TORCH SETTINGS"
"X" Distance ranges between 13mm and 38 mm
Welding process FCAW
Wire Diameter 1.6mm
Per-heat Reference to Appendix 2
Current type/ polarity DCEP
Oscillation speed 60 - 90 times/min
Oscillation width 19mm-25mm
Weld bead overlap 3.2mm - 6.4mm
Hardbanding thickness 2.4 – 3.2mm
Wire feed speed 210 cm/min – 420 cm/min
Tool joint rotational speed 1′30″/r – 2′30″/r
Highest interpass temperature 450℃ ( 842°F )
Post welding cooling After welding, heat insulation should be used immediately to use
a good blanket or seal set of heat preservation slow cooling.

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Recommendation Parameters
BoTn1000E BoTn1000 BoTn3000 BoTn5000
Welding Current
240-320 240-320 240-320 280-400
(A)
Welding Voltage
24-35 24-35 22-32 25-36
(V)
Recommended: Recommended: Recommended: Recommended:
100% Ar 100% Ar 100% Ar 100% Ar
Alternative: Alternative: Alternative: Alternative:
Shielding gas
80%Ar+20%CO2 98% Ar +2%O2 80%Ar+20%CO2 80%Ar+20%CO2
Or,98% Ar +2%O2 Or, 98% Ar +2%O2 Or, 98% Ar +2%O2
Or,100% CO2
Gas Flow 15-20 LPM 15-20 LPM 15-20 LPM 15-20 LPM
Note:
1. The voltage and amperage welding parameters in the Table are for initial set-up only. All
hardbanding machines will be slightly different so that the values will need to be optimised during
prequalification process.
2. It is also necessary that applicators should adjust an optimized wire feed speed themselves
according to the practical condition, because there is a great difference in wire feed speed for the
different dill pipe size and the hardbanding turnout.
3. It is suggested the welding speed should not be over-fast. Commonly the rotational speed 5″dill
pipes be controlled between 2′to 2′30″.
4. Welding current is in direct ratio to wire feed speed. It is preferred that the welding current shall be
as small as possible when a steady arc achieved.
5. The Applicator must “slow-cool” the hardbanding of tool joints. In order to ensure the required slow
cooling, the tool joints need to be wrapped immediately in thermally insulated blankets or canisters.
6. Ensure that the torch is set at the proper angle and offset to achieve the correct weld bead profile
and deposition for the size and type of material being hardbanded.
7. The grounding electrode shall be prevented from connecting with threads to avoid the arc burn or
others. Any grounding electrode shall be connected the external pipe surface.
8. The surface of the area where BoTn or mild steel wire has been applied shall be free of any cracks.
9. Tie-ins with adjacent weld beads should be consistent to prevent deep furrows or voids between
weld beads.

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Appendix 2 Preheat Temperature for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 hardbanding
1. For AISI 4137 Steel of a particular O.D., select the proper Preheat Temperature Range listed
below:
Tool Joint/Drill Collar O.D. BoTn1000E/ BoTn1000 BoTn3000/BoTn5000
3-1/8” to 4-3/8” 70°C - 100°C (158°F - 212°F) 240°C - 280°C (464°F - 536°F)
4-3/4” to 5-1/4” 100°C - 120°C (212°F - 248°F) 250°C - 280°C (482°F - 536°F)
5-1/2” to 6-1/4” 200°C - 260°C (392°F - 500°F)
6-3/8” to 6-7/8” 240°C - 300°C(464°F - 572°F) 280°C - 320°C (536°F - 608°F)
7" to 7-7/8" 250°C - 310°C(482°F - 590°F)
8"to 8-1/2"（nominal size） 280°C - 360°C(536°F - 680°F) 320°C - 360°C (608°F - 680°F)
8"to 8-1/2"（I.D.5"） 250°C - 310°C(482°F - 590°F) 280°C - 320°C (536°F - 608°F)
2. For AISI 4145-HT or AISI 1340-HT Steel of a particular O.D., select the proper Preheat
Temperature Range listed below:
Tool Joint/Drill Collar O.D. BoTn1000E/ BoTn1000 BoTn3000/BoTn5000
Less than 4-3/4” 100°C - 150°C(212°F - 302°F) 240°C - 280°C (464°F - 536°F)
4-3/4” to 5-1/4” 150°C - 200°C(302°F - 392°F) 250°C - 280°C (482°F - 536°F)
5-1/2” to 6-1/4” 200°C - 260°C(392°F - 500°F)
6-3/8” to 6-7/8” 200°C - 300°C(392°F - 572°F) 280°C - 320°C (536°F - 608°F)
7" to 7-7/8" 250°C - 310°C(482°F - 590°F)
8"to 8-1/2"（normal size） 280°C - 360°C(536°F - 680°F) 320°C - 360°C (608°F - 680°F)
8"to 8-1/2"（5" I.D.） 250°C - 310°C(482°F - 590°F) 280°C - 320°C (536°F - 608°F)
Note: users can also adjust an appropriate per-heat temperature according to the practical
application of BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 in their company as long as the min and max temperature
are not exceeded.

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Appendix 3 HardFacing-Location and weld Groove Dimensions
Location and Weld Groove Dimensions

Flush
Hardhanding Type Raised
1 Layer Type 2 Layer Type
mm mm mm
Groove Depth  0 .8
2 .4 0 3 .2  0 .4
0
1 . 6 0 0 . 8

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Appendix 4 The Dimensions and Tolerances
Finished Dimensions Hardbanding Tolerances
+0.8 mm
Flush
0 mm
+2.4 mm Min.
Raised
+3.2 mm Max.

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Appendix 5 Hardbanding Processing Record
_______Year _______ Month _______Day

Contract NO. Customer
Tool joint O.D.______________ Type of Steel__________________
Application Type: □Raised □Flush Amps __________ Volte_______ Rotational speed _______
Shielding Gas________ Flow Rate_____ Type of wire_____ Rotation Rate
Oscillation: Width_______ Speed _________ Dwell _______
Tube Preheat Tube Preheat
NO. Weld time Remark NO. Weld time Remark
NO. Temperature NO Temperature
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Operator Date Inspector Date

22 of 27
Appendix 6 Hardbanding Inspection Record
_______Year _______ Month _______ Day

Contract NO. Customer
Manufacturer of Drill Pipe
Tool joint O.D.__________ Type of Steel _____________ Type of wire ____________
Quantity of weld bead _________ Application Type: □ Raised □ Flush
Width Height Distance to Shoulder
No. Tube No. Appearance Conclusion Remark
Required Value(mm)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Inspector____________________ Date___________________

23 of 27
Appendix 7 Estimated Usage of BoTn Hardbanding Wire
Tool Joint Diameter Kilograms Per ring of BoTn hardbanding
mm in 1 ring（25mm) 2 rings 3 rings 4 rings
85.7 3-3/8" 0.135 0.270 0.405 0.540
104.8 4-1/8" 0.165 0.330 0.495 0.660
111.1 4-3/8" 0.175 0.350 0.525 0.700
120.7 4-3/4" 0.190 0.380 0.570 0.760
127 5" 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800
133.4 5-1/4" 0.210 0.420 0.630 0.840
139.7 5-1/2" 0.220 0.440 0.660 0.880
152.4 6" 0.240 0.480 0.720 0.960
158.8 6-1/4" 0.250 0.500 0.750 1.000
168.28 6-5/8" 0.265 0.530 0.795 1.060
177.8 7" 0.280 0.560 0.840 1.120
184.15 7-1/4" 0.290 0.580 0.870 1.160
190.5 7-1/2" 0.300 0.600 0.900 1.200
203.2 8" 0.320 0.640 0.960 1.280
209.55 8-1/4" 0.330 0.660 0.990 1.320
215.9 8-1/2" 0.340 0.680 1.020 1.360
Note：
(1) These figures are theoretical and based on deposition rates for 1.6mm diameter wire and 3 mm
thickness. It is advisable to perform your tests to determine actual usage rates for your operation.
(2) Weld width of about 25mm per ring, taking into account the lap between about 3.2~6.4mm, the
final total hardbanding width is not a multiple of the width of the ring.

24 of 27
Appendix 8 Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Conversion Chart
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
C F C F C F C F C F C F C F C F
50 122 95 203 140 284 185 365 230 446 275 527 320 608 366 691
51 124 96 205 141 286 186 367 231 448 276 529 321 610 367 693
52 126 97 207 142 288 187 369 232 450 277 531 322 612 368 694
53 127 98 208 143 289 188 370 233 451 278 532 323 613 369 696
54 129 99 210 144 291 189 372 234 453 279 534 324 615 370 698
55 131 100 212 145 293 190 374 235 455 280 536 325 617 371 700
56 133 101 214 146 295 191 376 236 457 281 538 326 619 372 702
57 135 102 216 147 297 192 378 237 459 282 540 327 621 373 703
58 136 103 217 148 298 193 379 238 460 283 541 328 622 374 705
59 138 104 219 149 300 194 381 239 462 284 543 329 624 375 707
60 140 105 221 150 302 195 383 240 464 285 545 330 626 376 709
61 142 106 223 151 304 196 385 241 466 286 547 331 628 377 711
62 144 107 225 152 306 197 387 242 468 287 549 332 630 378 712
63 145 108 226 153 307 198 388 243 469 288 550 333 631 379 714
64 147 109 228 154 309 199 390 244 471 289 552 334 633 380 716
65 149 110 230 155 311 200 392 245 473 290 554 335 635 381 718
66 151 111 232 156 313 201 394 246 475 291 556 336 637 382 720
67 153 112 234 157 315 202 396 247 477 292 558 337 639 383 721
68 154 113 235 158 316 203 397 248 478 293 559 338 640 384 723
69 156 114 237 159 318 204 399 249 480 294 561 339 642 385 725
70 158 115 239 160 320 205 401 250 482 295 563 340 644 386 727
71 160 116 241 161 322 206 403 251 484 296 565 341 646 387 729
72 162 117 243 162 324 207 405 252 486 297 567 342 648 388 730
73 163 118 244 163 325 208 406 253 487 298 568 343 649 389 732
74 165 119 246 164 327 209 408 254 489 299 570 344 651 390 734
75 167 120 248 165 329 210 410 255 491 300 572 345 653 391 736
76 169 121 250 166 331 211 412 256 493 301 574 346 655 392 738
77 171 122 252 167 333 212 414 257 495 302 576 347 657 393 739
78 172 123 253 168 334 213 415 258 496 303 577 348 658 394 741
79 174 124 255 169 336 214 417 259 498 304 579 350 662 395 743
80 176 125 257 170 338 215 419 260 500 305 581 351 664 396 745
81 178 126 259 171 340 216 421 261 502 306 583 352 666 397 747
82 180 127 261 172 342 217 423 262 504 307 585 353 667 398 748
83 181 128 262 173 343 218 424 263 505 308 586 354 669 399 750
84 183 129 264 174 345 219 426 264 507 309 588 355 671 400 752
85 185 130 266 175 347 220 428 265 509 310 590 356 673 401 754
86 187 131 268 176 349 221 430 266 511 311 592 357 675 402 756
87 189 132 270 177 351 222 432 267 513 312 594 358 676 403 757
88 190 133 271 178 352 223 433 268 514 313 595 359 678 404 759
89 192 134 273 179 354 224 435 269 516 314 597 360 680 405 761
90 194 135 275 180 356 225 437 270 518 315 599 361 682 406 763
91 196 136 277 181 358 226 439 271 520 316 601 362 684 407 765
92 198 137 279 182 360 227 441 272 522 317 603 363 685 408 766
93 199 138 280 183 361 228 442 273 523 318 604 364 687 409 768
94 201 139 282 184 363 229 444 274 525 319 606 365 689 410 770

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Appendix 9 Version Update Instruction
The following content has been added to the specification, and the current version is updated to
Version 3.0.
3.3 Shielding Gas Requirement
Shielding gas must be supplied to the arc when welding BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000. The
regulated flow must be controlled to deliver 15~20 L/min to the arc area. The recommended
shielding gases for each type of wire are detailed in Appendix 1.
3.4.4.4.3 The Applicator shall utilize BoTn-R wire that is compatible with the parent metal steel for
rebuild tool joint surface. The BoTn-R wire is specially developed for the repair of tool joint and drill
pipe body. It can be used to repair the hardbanding of the tool joint as a bottom filler material. It is also
suitable for repairing or rebuilding the diameter of the tool joint. The repaired surface shall be flush
with the outside diameter of the tool joint and be clean and free of slag.
3.6.3 For BoTn3000/5000, preheating requirements are higher in the following two cases.
1) Welding BoTn3000/5000 onto the existing hardbanding.
2) Welding hardbanding process is interrupted or hardabnding is incomplete, and the hardbanding

temperature has cooled down, then repair of the welding is need.
In both case, higher preheating temperature are required:
For BoTn3000/5000, the tool joint should be preheated to above the upper limit of the preheating
temperature in Appendix 2 plus more than 60 ~80° C and then welded after air has been cooled to the
upper limit of the preheating temperature in Appendix 2.
However, if the hardbanding is found to be incomplete just after welding, at which time the
hardbanding temperature is still not lower than the preheating temperature requirement in Appendix 2,
it can be repaired by direct welding without preheating.
3.6.5 When welding BoTn hardbanding to an existing hardbanding, the newly welded hardbanding
must completely cover the existing hardbanding, so that the new hardbanding, the existing
hardbanding and the base material are fully fused, to reduce residual stress in new and existing
hardbanding and avoid cracks.
3.7.1
In order to ensure the effect of slow cooling, each welded tool joint should be wrapped tightly with a
blanket or canister alone. It is strictly forbidden to wrap multiple welded tool joints together with
blankets, this kind of similar “long bed insulation” (see Figure 3.2) is impossible to achieve the
required insulation effect, should be strictly prohibited.
3.7.2
When using grinding wheel to remove slag, spatter and protrusions, the grinding wheel can not stay

26 of 27
in one place, but to grinding back and forth, so as to avoid unnecessary cracks in the grinding place.

27 of 27

Specification For Application of BoTn Hardbanding Ver.3.0

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Shanghai BoTeng Welding Consumables Co.

Specification for Application of

for Tool Joints, Heavy Weight Drill Pipe, Drill Collar

Shanghai BoTeng Welding Consumables Co., Ltd.

Address: No.1825 Luodong Road, Baoshan Industrial Zone, Shanghai, China

Post Code: 200949

Version 2.1, Feb. 2022

1.1 Raised Hardbanding ................................................................... 3

1.2 Flush Hardbanding .................................................................... 4

Section 2 Welding Equipment Requirement ................................................ 5

Section 3 Welding Process .............................................................. 6

3.1 Pre-Weld Equipment Inspection ......................................................... 6

3.2 Pre-weld Material Inspection ............................................................ 6

3.3 Shielding Gas Requirement ............................................................. 6

3.4 General Weld Preparation Requirement.................................................... 6

3.5 Pre-heat Requirement and Heat Soak Check ................................................ 8

3.6. Special Notation for Welding Procedure ................................................... 9

3.7 The Post-Weld Treatment ............................................................. 10

Section 4 Inspection and Acceptance .................................................... 11

4.1 Inspection .......................................................................... 11

4.2 Acceptance Criteria .................................................................. 12

Appendix 1 Recommended Welding Parameters for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 .................... 17

Appendix 2 Preheat Temperature for BoTn1000E/1000/3000/5000 hardbanding...................... 19

Appendix 3 HardFacing-Location and weld Groove Dimensions .................................. 20

Appendix 4 The Dimensions and Tolerances.................................................. 21

Appendix 5 Hardbanding Processing Record ................................................. 22

Appendix 6 Hardbanding Inspection Record .................................................. 23

Appendix 7 Estimated Usage of BoTn Hardbanding Wire ....................................... 24

Appendix 8 Fahrenheit and Celsius Temperature Conversion Chart ................................ 25

Appendix 9 Version Update Instruction ...................................................... 26

Version 2.1, Feb. 2022

SECTION 1: Types of BoTn Hardbanding

1.1 Raised Hardbanding

50~76mm 76~102 mm 2.4~3.2mm

**apply BoTn flush on 18°shoulder，the Weld Groove Dimensions, Appendix 3.

Fig.1.1 BoTn hardbanding Raised Application

Version3.0, May. 2023

1.2 Flush Hardbanding

** apply BoTn flush hardbanding on 18°shoulder，the Weld Groove Dimensions, Appendix 3.

Fig.1.2 BoTn hardbanding Flush Application

1.3 The Raised Hardbanding for Middle Upset Location of HWDP

Version3.0, May. 2023

Fig.1.3 BoTn handbanding application on upset location of HWDP

Section 2 Welding Equipment Requirement

Version3.0, May. 2023

Section 3 Welding Process

3.1 Pre-Weld Equipment Inspection

3.2 Pre-weld Material Inspection

3.3 Shielding Gas Requirement

3.4 General Weld Preparation Requirement

Version3.0, May. 2023

3.4.4 Guide for Re-application on an existing hardbanding

Version3.0, May. 2023

a) By machining with a composite or ceramic type of tooling on a conventional lathe or CNC

b) By grinding with stationary grinding equipment.

c) By plasma-arc gouging equipment.

d) By carbon-arc gouging equipment.

parent metal than is needed.

___Year _ Month _____Day

___Year _ Month _____ Day