MODULE 1.

3
September 29 – October 6, 2020

Chapter
3 Measure of Central Tendencies

Learning Objectives
After completing this chapter, the students we able to:
o Compute the mean, median mode for both grouped ungrouped data.
o Discuss the property of mean, median and mode.
o Compute the weighted mean, geometric mean and combined mean.
o Discuss the property of midrange.
o Calculate the midrange of a data set.
o Determine the effect of changing the units on mean and median.
o Identify the portion of mean, median and mode for symmetric and skewed
distribution.
o Apply the Microsoft Excel computation on measures of central tendencies.

Chapter Outline
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Population and Sample Mean
Properties of Mean
Mean of Ungrouped data
Mean of Grouped Data
3.3 Weighted Mean, Geometric Mean and Combine Mean
3.4 Median
Properties of Median
Median for Ungrouped Data
Median for Grouped Data
3.5 Mode
3.6 Midrange
3.7 Effect of Changing the Units on Mean and Median
3.8 Types of Distribution

Whatever exist at all exist in some amount…and

whatever exists in some amount can be measured.
-Edward l. Thorndike

Page | 58
3.1 Introduction

Any data set can be characterized by measuring its central tendency. A measure of
central tendency, commonly referred to as an average, is a single value that represents a
data set. Its purpose is to locate the center of a data set. This chapter discusses three
different measures of central tendency: the mean, median, and the mode. We will
illustrate how to calculate each of these measures for ungrouped and grouped data.
Measure of central tendency both for sample grouped and population grouped is also
included in the discussion.

In addition, the section also covers the weighted mean, geometric mean,
combined mean, midrange, effects on changing the units on mean and median and types
of distribution.

3.2 Population and Sample Mean

The arithmetic mean, often called as the mean, is the most frequently use measure of
central tendency. The mean is the only common measure in which all values plays an
equal role meaning to determine its values you would need to consider all the values of
any given data set. The mean is appropriate to determine the central tendency of an
interval or ratio data.

The symbol Χ , called “X bar,” is use to represent the mean of a sample and the
symbol µ, called “mu”, is use to denote the mean of a population.

A. Properties of Mean
1. A set of data has only one mean.
2. Mean can be applied for interval and ratio data.
3. All values in the data set are included in computing the mean.
4. The mean is very useful in comparing two or more data sets.
5. Mean is affected by the extreme small or large values on a data set.
6. The mean cannot be computed for the data in a frequency distribution with an
open-ended class.

B. Mean for Ungrouped Data :

Mean=
∑ of al values
Number of values

Sample Mean: Χ=
∑Χ (Formula 3-1)
n
where: Χ = sample mean (it is read “Χ bar”).
Χ = the value of any particular observations or measurement.
 ∑ Χ = sum of all Χs.
n = total number of values in the sample.

Population Mean: µ=
∑Χ (Formula 3-2)
N
where: µ = population mean (it is read “mu”)
Χ= the value of any particular observations or measurement.
∑ Χ = sum of all Χs.
N = total number of values in the population.

Example1: The daily rates of a sample of eight employees at GMS Inc. are ₱550, ₱420,
₱560, ₱500, ₱700, ₱670, ₱860, ₱480. Find the mean daily rate employee.

Solution:
Χ=
∑ Χ = Χ 1 + Χ 2 + Χ 3 + …+ Χ n
n n
550+420+560+ 500+700+670+860+ 480 4,740
¿ = =592.50
8 8
The sample mean daily salary of employees is ₱592.50.

Example 2: Find the population mean of the ages of 9 middle-management employees of

a certain company. The ages are 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58, and 55.

Solution:
Χ=
∑ Χ = Χ 1 + Χ 2 + Χ 3 + …+ Χ n
N N
53+45+59+ 48+54 +46+ 51+ 58+55 469
= = =52.11
9 9

The mean population age middle-management employee is 52.11.

C. Sample Mean for Grouped Data

Sample Mean Χ=
∑ fΧ (Formula 3-3)
n

where: Χ = sample mean (it is read ‘Χ bar”).

f = frequency
Χ = the value of any particular observations or measurement.
∑ fΧ = sum of all the products of f and Χs.
N = total number of values in the population.
Example 3: Using the example provided in Chapter 2 on SJS Travel Agency. Determine
the mean of the frequency distribution on the ages of 50 people taking travel tours. Given
the table

Class Limits Frequency

18-26 3
27-35 5
36-44 9
45-53 14
54-62 11
63-71 6
72-80 2
Solution:
Step 1: Determine the midpoints one each class limit.

Class Limits F Midpoints (X)

18-26 3 22
27-35 5 31
36-44 9 40
45-53 14 49
54-62 11 58
63-71 6 67
72-80 2 76

Step 2: Multiply each class frequency (f) with the corresponding midpoint (X) to obtain
the product fX.

Class Limits F Midpoints (X) fX

18-26 3 22 66
27-35 5 31 155
36-44 9 40 360
45-53 14 49 686
54-62 11 58 638
63-71 6 67 402
72-80 2 76 152

Sep 3: Get the sum of product fX.

Class Limits F Midpoints (X) fX

18-26 3 22 66
27-35 5 31 155
36-44 9 40 360
 45-53 14 49 686
54-62 11 58 638
63-71 6 67 402
72-80 2 76 152
Total 50 ∑fX = 2,459

Step 4: Apply Formula 3-3 to obtain the value of the sample mean.

∑ fX 2,459
X= = =49.18
n 50

Thus, the mean age of the frequency distribution of people taking travel is 49.18.

3.3 Weighted Mean, Geometric Mean an Combined Mean

A. Weighted Mean

The weighted mean is particularly useful when various classes or groups

contribute differently to the total. The weighted mean is found by multiplying each value
by its corresponding weight and dividing by the sum of the weights.
n

∑ wi Xi w1 X 1 +w 2 X 2+ …+w n X n
X w= i=1 = (formula 3-5)
n
w 1+ w2 +…+ wn
∑Wi ¿
i=1 ¿

Where: X w= weighted mean

w 1= corresponding weight.
X i = the value of any particular observation or measurements.

Example 1: At the Mathematics Department of San Sebastian College there are 18

instructors, 12 assistant professors, 7 associate professors, and 3 professors. Their
monthly salaries are ₱30,500, ₱33,700, ₱38,600, and ₱45,000. What is the weighted
mean salary?

Solution:
n

∑ wi Xi w1 X 1 +w 2 X 2+ w3 X 3 +w 4 X 4
i=1
X w= =
n
w1 + w2 +w 3+ w4
∑Wi ¿
i=1 ¿

( 18 ) (30,500 )+ ( 12 )( 33,700 )+ (7 ) (38,600 ) +(3)(45,000) 1,358,600

= = = 33,965
18+12+7+3 40
The weighted mean salary is ₱33,965.

B. Geometric Mean

The geometric mean of a set of n positive numbers is defined as the nth root of the
product of the n numbers. There are two main applications of geometric mean, the first is
to average percents, indexes, and relatives; the second is to establish the average percent
increase in production, sales, or other business transaction or economic series from one
period of time to another.

GM = √ ( X 1 ) ( X 2) ( X 3 ) …(X n)
n
(Formula 3-6)

GM =
n−1

√ value at the end of the period

value at the start of the period
–1 (Formula 3-7)

Where: GM= geometric mean.

X₁ = the value of any particular observations or measurement.
n = number of observations.
Example 2: Suppose the profits earned by the MMS Construction Company on five
projects were 5, 6, 4, 8, and 10 percent, respectively. What is the geometric mean profit?

Solution:
X 1 =5, X 2 =6 , X 3=4 , X 4 =8 , X 5=10 , n=5

GM = √ ( X ¿¿ 1)( X 2)( X 3)( X 4 )(X 5 )¿

n

=√5 (5)(6)( 4)(8)(10) = √5 9,600=6.26

The geometric mean profit is 6.26 percent.

Example 3: Badminton as a sport grew rapidly in 2008. From January to December 2008
the number of badminton clubs in Metro Manila increased from 20 to 155. Compute the
mean monthly percent increase in the number of badminton clubs.

Solution:
Note that are 12 months involved. However, there are only 11 monthly rates of change.
That is, we compute the changes from January to February, from February to March,
March to April, April to May, and so forth. So, n is 12 and n-1=12-1=11 monthly percent
increases.

GM =
n−1

√ value at the end of the period

value at the start of the period
-1

=
155
20
12−1

√
– 1 = 11√ 7.75−1=0.2046
Hence, badminton clubs are increasing at a rate of almost 0.2046 or 20.46% per month
Note: The geometric mean cannot be computed if one of the numbers is zero or negative.

C. Combined Mean

The combined mean is the grand mean of all the values in all groups when two or more
groups are combined. There will be times when we want to determine a mean from a
number of other means. In order to compute the combined mean for a grouped of means,
we must know the size of each sample, or N. The formula is
n

∑ Ni Xi N 1 X 1+ N 2 X 2 +…+ N n X n
i=1
X̅ CM = = (Formula 3-8)
n
N 1 + N 2 +…+ N n
∑ Ni¿
i=1 ¿

Where: X̅ CM = combined mean.

X̅ I = sample means.
Ni = sample size.
Example 4: A study comparing the typical household incomes for 3 districts in the City
of Manila was initiated to see where differences in household incomes lie across districts.
The mean household incomes for a sample of 45 different families in three districts of
Manila are shown in the following table. Calculate a combined mean to obtain the
average household income for all 45 families in the Manila sample.

District 1 District 2 District 3

X̅ ₁ = ₱30,400 X̅ ₂ = ₱27,300 X̅ ₃ =₱42,500

N₁ = 12 N₂ = 18 N₃ = 15

Solution:
n

∑ Ni Xi
i=1
X̅ ₁ = ₱30,400, X̅ ₂ = ₱27,300,X̅ ₃ =₱42,500,N₁ = 12, N₂ = 18, N₃ = 1 X GM = n

∑ Ni¿
i=1 ¿

N 1 X 1+ N 2 X 2 +…+ N n X n
=
N 1 + N 2 +…+ N n

30,400 (12 )+27,300 ( 18 )+ 42,500 ( 15 ) 1,493,700

= = =33,193.33
12+ 18+15 45
Thus, the combined mean household income in three districts of Manila is ₱33, 193.33.

3.4 Median

The median is the midpoint of the data array. When the data set is ordered whether
ascending or descending, it is called a data array. Median is an appropriate measure of
central tendency for data that are ordinal or above, but is more valuable in an ordinal type
of data.

A. Properties of Median
1. The median is unique, there is only one median for a set of data.
2. The median is found by arranging the set of data from lowest or highest (or
highest to lowest) and getting the value of the middle observation.
3. Median is not affected by the extreme small or large values.
4. Median can be computed for an-open ended frequency distribution.
5. Median can be applied for ordinal, interval and ratio data.
B. Median for Ungrouped Data
To determine the value of median for ungrouped we need to consider two rules:
1. If n is odd, the median is the middle ranked.
2. If n is even, then the median is the average of the two middle ranked values.

n+1
Median (Rank Value) = (Formula 3-9)
2

Note that n is the population/sample size.

Example 1: Find the median of the ages of 9 middle-management employees of a certain
company. The ages are 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58, and 55.
Solution:
Step 1: Arrange the data in order.
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 55, 58, 59
Step 2: Select the middle rank value using formula 3-9.
n+1 9+1 10
Median (Rank Value) ¿ = = =5
2 2 2
Step 3: Identify the median in the data set.
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
5th
Hence, the median age is 53 years.
Example 2: The daily rates of a sample of eight employees at GMS Inc. are ₱550, ₱420,
₱560, ₱500, ₱700, ₱670, ₱860, ₱480. Find the median daily rate of employee.
Solution:

Step 1: Arrange the data in order.

₱420, ₱480, ₱500, ₱550, ₱560, ₱670, ₱700, ₱860
Step 2: Select the middle rank value using formula 3-9.
n+1 8+1 9
Median (Rank Value) ¿ = = =4.5
2 2 2
Step 3: Identify the median in the data set.
₱420, ₱480, ₱500, ₱550, ₱560, ₱670, ₱700, ₱860
4.5th
Since the middle point falls between ₱550 and ₱560, we can determine the
median of the data set by getting the average of the two values.
550+560 1,110
Median ¿ = =555
2 2
Therefore, the median daily rate is ₱555.
C. Median for Grouped Data
Take note that the median is located in the middle value of the frequency
distribution. It is the value that separates the upper half of the distribution from the lower
half. It is also obvious to note that it is a measure of central tendency because it is the
exact center of the scores in a distribution.
N
Median (Ranked Value) = (Formula 3-10)
2

( )
N
−cf
Median= 2 (Formula 3-11)
LB+ (i)
f
Where: LB = lower boundary of the median class.
N = number of sample size (or population).
cf = cumulative frequency before the median class.
i = interval.

Example 1: Using the example provided in Chapter 2 on SJS Travel Agency. Determine
the median of the frequency distribution on the ages of 50 people taking travel tours.
Given the table

Class Limits Frequency

 18-26 3
27-35 5
36-44 9
45-53 14
54-62 11
63-71 6
72-80 2
Solution:
Step 1: Determine the Median Class using Formula 3-10.
N 50
Median (Ranked Value) = = =25
2 2
Step 2: Construct a cumulative frequency column in the table.

Class Limits f cf
18-26 3 3
27-35 5 8
36-44 9 17
45-53 14 31
54-62 11 42
63-71 6 48
72-80 2 50

Step 3: Identify the median class by locating the 25th ranked in the table.

Class Limits f cf This class covers 18th to

18-26 3 3 31st rank in the frequency
27-35 5 8 distribution. The 25th rank
36-44 9 17 belongs in this class.
45-53 14 31
54-62 11 42
63-71 6 48
72-80 2 50
Step 4: determine the value of LB, cf, f, I, and N.

Class Limits f cf
18-26 3 3
27-35 5 8
36-44 9 cf = 17
45-53 f = 14 31
LB = 45 - 0.5 = 44.5 54-62 11 42 Median Class
i = 27 -18 = 9 63-71 6 48
72-80 2 50
or Total N = 50
i = 35- 26 = 9
Step 5: Apply Formula 3-11 to compute for the value of the median.
Median = LB +

( ) ( )
N 50
−cf −17
2
f
( i )=44.5+
2
14
( 9 )=44.5+
14(
25−17
)
( 9 )=44.5+ 5.14=49.64

Thus, the median is 49.64, observed that the median will fall within the class
boundary of the median class.

3.5 Mode

The mode is the value in a data set that appears most frequently. Like the median and
unlike the mean, extreme values in a data set do not affect the mode. A data may not
contain any code if none of the value is “most typical”.
A data set that has only one value that occur the greatest frequency is said to be
unimodal. If the data has two values with the same greatest frequency, both values are
considered the mode and the data set is bimodal. If a data set have more than two modes,
and the data set is said to be multimodal. There are some cases when a data set values
have the same number frequency, when this occur, the data set is to be no mode.

Properties of Mode
1. The mode is found by locating the most frequently occurring value.
2. The mode is the easiest average to compute.
3. There can be more than one mode or even no mode in any given data set.
4. The mode is not affected by the extreme small or large values.
5. Mode can be applied for nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio data.
Example 1: The following data represent the total unit sales for PSP 2000 from a sample
of 10 Gaming Centers for the month of August: 15, 17, 10, 12, 13, 10, 14, 10, 8, and 9.
Find the mode.

Solution:

The ordered array for these data is 8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17.

Because 10 appear 3 times, more times than the other value, therefore the mode is 10.

Example 2: An operations manager in charge of a company’s manufacturing keeps track

of the number of manufactured LCD television in a day. Compute for the following data
that represents the number of LCD television manufactured for the past three weeks: 20,
18, 19, 25, 20, 21, 20, 25, 30, 29, 28, 29, 25, 25, 27, 26, 22, and 20. Find the mode of the
given data set.
Solution:

The ordered array for these data is 18, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 25, 25, 25, 25, 26, 27,
28, 29, 29, 30.

There are two modes 20 and 25, since each of these values occurs four times.

Example 3: Find the mode of the ages of 9 middle-management employees of a certain

company. The ages are 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58, and 55.

Solution:
The ordered array for these data is 45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59.
There is no mode since the data set has the same frequency.

3.6 Midrange

The midrange is the average of the lowest and highest value in a data set. This can be
computed using Formula 3-12.

χ lowest + χ highest
Midrange= (Formula 3-12)
2

where: χ lowest = the lowest value in a data set.

χ highest = the highest value in a data set.

Properties of Midrange
1. The midrange is easy to compute.
2. The midrange gives the midpoint
3. The midrange is unique.
4. Midrange is affected by the extreme small or large values.
5. Midrange can be applied for interval and ratio data.

Example 1: find the midrange of the ages of 9 middle-management employees of a

certain company. The ages are 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58, and 55.

Solution:

χ lowest = 45 and χ highest =59

χ lowest + χ highest 45+59 104

Midrange= = = =52
2 2 2
 The midrange age is 52.

3.7 Effects of Changing Units on Mean and Median

Let X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , …. X n, be n observations. If we added a constant k to each

observation or multiplied each observation by a number (h, h≠0), then

Summary Measure Y i= X i+ k Y i=h X i

Mean Mean(Y) = Mean(X) + k Mean(Y) = h Mean(X)
Median Median(X) = Median(Y) + k Median(Y) = h Median(X)

Example 1: A business professor gave a test to a set of students. The test had 40
questions, each worth 2 points. The summary for the students’ scores on the test are as
follows: Mean = 70 and Median = 68. After grading the test, the professor realized that,
because he had a typographical error in question number 4, no students was able to
answer the question. So he decided to adjusts the students’ scores by adding 2 points to
each one. What will be the mean and median for the new adjusted scores?

Solution:

Mean (X) = 70, Median (X) = 68, k=2

Mean (Y) = Mean (X) + k = 70 + 2 = 72
Median (Y) = Median (X) + k = 58 + 2 = 70
The new mean and median are 72 and 70.

Example 2: The summary statistics for the monthly contribution of employees on

cooperative are as follows: mean = ₱1,250 and median = ₱1,100. This month, employees
voted to increase the contribution by 5 percent (5%), in order to support their new
project. What will be the mean and median for the new increased of contributions?

Solution:
Mean (X) = ₱1,250, Median (X) = ₱1,100, h = 105% = 1.05
Mean (Y) = h Mean (X) = 1.05(₱1,250) = ₱1,312.50
Median (Y) = h Median (X) = 1.05(₱1,100) = ₱1,155
The new mean is ₱1,312.50 and the new median is ₱1,155.

3.8 Types of Distributions

 Frequency distribution can assume many shapes. The three most familiar shapes
are symmetric, positively skewed, and negatively skewed. In a symmetric distribution,
the data values are evenly distributed on both sides of the mean. Also the distribution is
unimodal and the mean, median, and mode are similar and are at the center of the
distribution.

In a positively skewed or right-skewed distribution, most of the values in the data

fall to the left of the mean and group at the lower end of the distribution; the tail is to the
right. In addition, the mean is to the right of the median, and the mode is to the left of the
median. On the contrary, in a negatively skewed or left-skewed distribution is when the
mass of the data values fall to the right of the mean and group at the upper end of
distribution, with the tail to left. In addition, the mean is to the left of the median, and the
mode is to the right of the median. The figures below show the pictorial representation of
symmetric, positively skewed and negatively skewed distributions.

Symmetric Distribution
 Positively Skewed Distribution
(orRight-Skewed Distribution)

Negatigely Skewed Distribution

(orLeft-Skewed Distribution)

Name: ________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.2

1. Consider the sample 7, 9, 10, 8, 20, 18, 19, 16, and 13. Find the mean.
Solution:
 2. Twelve randomly selected business administration students were asked to state
the number of hours they slept last Sunday. The resulting data are 6, 7, 8, 10, 5, 4,
11, 12, 11, 10, 8, and 7. Find the mean.
Solution:

3. A recent study showed that the cost of buying a typical “shopping basket” of 40
food items for consumption at home was ₱6,500 in Makati, ₱4,300 in Manila,
₱5,700 in Mandaluyong, ₱4,800 in Pasay, ₱5,600 in San Juan, ₱4,100 in Pasig.
Determine the mean of these data.
Solution:

4. In a certain shopping mall, restaurants charge ₱125, ₱150, ₱200, ₱165, ₱175,
₱190, ₱230, and ₱180 for a regular dinner. Find the average cost.
Solution:

Name: ________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.2

5. Complete the table to find the mean for the grouped frequency distribution.

Solution:

Class Limits F X Fx
1-5 3 N=_______
6-10 4
11-15 5 ∑fX=_______
16-20 8
21-25 2
26-30 1
 x =_______

6. Complete the table and find the mean for the following grouped frequency
distribution.

Solution:

Class Limits F X Fx
37-39 3 N=_______
40-42 6
43-45 10 ∑fX=_______
46-48 5
49-51 4 x =________
52-54 2
55-57 1

7. Complete the table and find the mean for the following grouped frequency
distribution.

Solution:

Class Limits F X Fx N=_______

10-13 4
14-17 7 ∑fX=_______
18-21 8
x 22-25 13 =________
26-29 3
30-33 2
Name:
______________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.3

1. Find the mean salary for a small company which pays annual salaries to its
employees as shown in the following frequency distribution.

Salary ₱11,000 ₱12,500 ₱13,20 ₱18,500 ₱21,400 ₱25,600

0
No.of employees 10 9 8 6 3 2
Solution:
 2. If somebody invests ₱15,000 at 7 percent, ₱20,000 at 10 percent, and ₱30,000
at 8 percent, what is the average return on these investments?
Solution:

3. Adidas sold 120 running shoes for regular price of ₱5,000. For summer sale
the shooes were reduced to ₱4,500 and 145 were sold. At the final
clearance, the price was reduced to ₱3,000 and the remaining 35 were
sold. What was the weighted mean price of Adidas running shoes?
Solution:

4. In 1965, there were 40 members in Makati business club. In 2009 there were
240 members. What was the geometric mean annual percent increase?
Solution:

Name:______________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.3
5. The percent increase in sales for the last 7 years at WSS Company were: 4, 6,
8, 9.5, 10, 7.4, and 5.8. Find the geometric mean percent increase.
Solution:
 6. The return of investment earned by RFS Manufacturing Inc. for 6 successive
years was: 25 percent, 18 percent, 30 percent, 35 percent, 20 percent, and 22
percent. What is the geometric mean rate of return on investment?

Solution:

7. The population of the City of Manila, in 1980 was 5,000,000, and in 2005 it
was 12,500,000. What was the average annual percentage increase during this
period?
Solution:

8. A performance evaluation for AUS Enterprise was administered to several

departments, with mean and sample sizes as follows. Calculate a combined
mean for all departments.

Human Resource Operations Security accounting

χ 1 = 80 χ 2 = 91 χ 3 = 86 χ 4 = 84
N1 = 6 N2 = 30 N3 = 10 N4 = 8

Solution:

Name: __________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.4
1. The cost of 12 models of mobile phones at a cellular specialty store during 2009 was
as follows: ₱5,500, ₱10,200, ₱8,300, ₱9750, ₱6,800, ₱15,500, ₱20,100, ₱12,700,
17,000, ₱18,900, ₱31,200, and ₱21,300. Determine the median.

Solution:
2. A manufacturer of rechargeable batteries took a sample of 15 batteries from a day’s
production and used them continuously until they were worn out. The number of
recharged until failure were: 20, 25, 26, 27, 20, 26, 31, 22, 19, 20, 22, 28, 29, 26, and
28. Find the median.

Solution:

3. Eleven companies were asked to how many charitable institutions they gave their
cash donations in 2009. The companies responded that they gave money to 14, 13, 17,
20, 23, 27, 20, 19, 18, 27, and 22. Determine the median of the given data.

Solution:

4. During the last few days SJS Oil Company has requested rate increases several times.
As a result of the granted rate increase, the following revenue amounts will earned:
₱20 million, 19.2 million, 18.7 million, 15.4 million, 10.2 million, 22 million, 17.5
million, 14.6 million, 13.2 million, and 16.3 million. What is the median for the
revenue amounts realized?

Solution:

Name: __________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.4
5. Compute the table and the following information, and then find the median.
Solution:

Class Limits f cf
1-7 1 N = _________
8-14 4 LB = ________
15-21 6 f = __________
22-28 5 cf = _________
29-35 2
36-42 4
 i = __________
Median = ________

6. Complete the table and the following information, and then find the median.
Solution:

Class Limits f cf
34-36 1
37-39 3
N =
40-42 6
_________
43-45 10
LB = ________
46-48 5
f = __________
49-51 4 cf = _________
52-54 2 i = __________
Median = ________

7. Complete the table and the following information, and then find the median.
Solution:
Class Limits f
N = _________ cf
94-97 3
98-101 8 LB = ________

102-105 12 f = __________

106-109 10 cf = _________
i = __________
110-113 6
Median =
114-117 1
________
Name: __________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________
Section Exercise 3.5 and 3.6
1. Consider the sample30, 46, 50, 44, 52, 53, 61, 48, 35, and 51. Find the midrange.

Solution:
Data Array: __________________________________________________________

2. Consider the sample 87, 84, 76, 70, 76, 75, 80, 63, 76, 39, 90, 76, 77, and 80. Find the
mode.

Solution:
Data Array: __________________________________________________________

3. Upon examining the monthly billing records of an online book company, the auditor
takes a sample of 15 of its paid accounts. The amounts collected by the company
 were: ₱240, ₱1,000, ₱2,100, ₱850, ₱750, ₱620, ₱2,310, ₱1,200, ₱1,500, ₱870, ₱920,
₱630, ₱1,050, ₱450, and ₱380. Determine the midrange.

Solution:
Data Array: ___________________________________________________________

4. A medical representative in Makati records the number of kilometers his car can drive
on a full tank of gas. The following data give the kilometers traveled on a full tank of
gas until the gas gauge indicated “empty”. 650,700, 670, 590, 600, 650, 670, 620,
640, 650, 670, 600, and 600. Calculate the mode.
Solution:

Data Array: ___________________________________________________________

5. The price of the different brand of electric fan at ten (10) stores are found to be ₱1,200,
₱1,100, ₱900, ₱950, ₱1,200, ₱1,230, ₱1,210, ₱1,250, ₱1,300, and ₱1,450. Find the
mode.
Solution:
Data Array:____________________________________________________________

Name: __________________________________ Date:___________ Score: ________

Section Exercise 3.7

1. A set of remittance of overseas contract workers from United Kingdom has a mean of
£750 and a median of £690. If all the remittances UK pound (UK£) are converted to
Philippine peso (₱) which is 60 times the amount of peso. What are the new values of
the mean and median?

Solution:

2. Measurements of the sizes of farms in the Province of Bulacan yield a mean of 3.35
hectares and a median of 4.63 hectares. If the staff of the Department of Agriculture
 in the province of Bulacan made a wrong entries with a deficit of 1.20 hectares in all
land owners. What are the new values of the mean and median?

Solution:

3. The summary statistics for the annual memberships of different professional

organizations with a mean of ₱2,230 and a median of ₱2,000. This year, the officers
of different professional organizations made a resolution to increase the contribution
by 10 percent (10%), in order to support their new activities. What will be the new
summary statistics for the new increased in membership fees

Solution: