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Addition and Subtraction of Functions: Lesson 2.1

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213 views29 pages

Addition and Subtraction of Functions: Lesson 2.1

Uploaded by

Jeremy Ann Gallano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2.

Addition and Subtraction of


Functions
Learning Competencies

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able


to do the following:

● Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication,


division, and composition of functions (M11GM-Ia-
3)
● Solves problems involving functions (M11GM-Ia-4)
Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to


do the following:

● Perform addition and subtraction of functions.

● Solve problems involving functions.


Math is everywhere from
computer to aircrafts, from the
kitchen to the most
sophisticated laboratories.

Math is evident in all fields of


sciences, and its application to
daily life is abundant.
It is imperative to have a good
understanding of one of the
most important concepts in
mathematics, functions.
In your journey through Mathematics, you have encountered
linear, quadratic, and even polynomial functions. These
functions, like real numbers, can also be added, subtracted,
multiplied, or divided with each other.

For this lesson, we will learn how to add and subtract functions.
Essential Questions

● How will you add and subtract functions?

● How will you solve problems involving addition and


subtraction of functions?
Learn about It!

Addition of Functions

The sum of two functions 𝑓 𝑥 and 𝑔 𝑥 is denoted by


𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 . This sum is defined as

𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 +𝑔 𝑥 .
Learn about It!

Addition of Functions

Example:
Find the sum of the functions 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 2 and
𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 5.

𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 +𝑔 𝑥
𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 2 + 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 5
𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 3
Learn about It!

Subtraction of Functions

The difference between two functions 𝑓 𝑥 and 𝑔 𝑥 is


denoted by 𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 . This difference is defined as

𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 −𝑔 𝑥 .
Learn about It!

Subtraction of Functions
Example:
Find the difference between the functions 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 2 and
𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 5.
Learn about It!

Subtraction of Functions
Example:

𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 −𝑔 𝑥
𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 2 − 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 5
𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 2 − 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 5
𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 − 7
Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 1: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1.


Find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 .
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 .

Solution:
To find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 , add the two given expressions for 𝑓(𝑥) and
𝑔(𝑥).
𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 +𝑔 𝑥
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 .

Solution:
1. Substitute the given functions.

𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 +𝑔 𝑥
𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 + −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 .

Solution:
2. Combine similar terms.

𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 + −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1
𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 .

Solution:
Therefore, 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥.
Try it!Practice
Let’s

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1.


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
1. Subtract the two given expressions for 𝑓(𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥).

𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 −𝑔 𝑥
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
a. Substitute the given functions.

𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 =𝑓 𝑥 −𝑔 𝑥
𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 − (−𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1)
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
b. Change the operation from subtraction to addition.
Change the signs of all the terms in the subtrahend.

𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 − −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1
𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 + (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1)
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
c. Combine similar terms.

𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 + 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1
𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
2. Substitute 𝑥 = −1 into the resulting function.
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
𝑓−𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 2
𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 = 3 −1 2 − −1 + 2
𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 =3+1+2
𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 =6
Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 and 𝑔 𝑥 = −𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 .


Find 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 .

Solution:
Thus, 𝑓 − 𝑔 −1 = 6.
Try It!

Individual Practice:
1. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 3 and 𝑔 𝑥 = 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5. Find
𝑓+𝑔 𝑥 .

2. Let 𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 3 and 𝑔 𝑥 = 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5. Find


𝑓 + 𝑔 −3 .
Try It!

Group Practice: Form five groups.

The net income of a company is the difference between its


revenue and expenses. If XYZ Inc.’s revenue and expenses
are given by the functions 𝑅 𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 and
𝐸 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 respectively, find the function in terms of
𝑥 representing its net income.
Key Points

● Addition of Functions. Given two functions 𝑓(𝑥) and


𝑔(𝑥), their sum is denoted by 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 . This is defined
by 𝑓 + 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑔 𝑥 .

● Subtraction of Functions. Given two functions 𝑓(𝑥) and


𝑔 𝑥 , their difference is denoted by 𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 . This is
defined by 𝑓 − 𝑔 𝑥 = 𝑓 𝑥 − 𝑔(𝑥).
Bibliography

"Operations on Functions." Purplemath. Retrieved 01 February 2019 from


https://www.purplemath.com/modules/fcnops.htm

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