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Here is the lab report rewritten in my own words:
TITLE: Investigating Series and Parallel Resonance Circuits
ABSTRACT
This experimental report explores the behavior of series and parallel resonance circuits by
examining how current, impedance, active power, and reactive power change with varying
frequency. The main objective is to analyze the characteristics of resonance phenomena in these
two circuit configurations. Through conducting experiments and analyzing data, insights are
gained into how resonance circuits operate and their practical applications. Based on the
findings, recommendations are provided for circuit design and potential uses.
INTRODUCTION
In AC circuits, voltage and current are typically out of phase. Across an inductor, current lags
voltage by 90 degrees, while across a capacitor, current leads voltage by 90 degrees. Across a
resistor, voltage and current are in phase. However, under certain conditions, even with inductors
and capacitors present, voltage and current can become in phase, causing the circuit to behave
like a pure resistor. This phenomenon is called resonance, occurring at a single resonant
frequency where the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel out.
Resonant circuits have widespread applications in telecommunications, audio processing, power

electronics, and medical devices. They are particularly useful in radio communication systems
for filters, oscillators, and tuning circuits. In audio equipment like equalizers, resonant circuits
enable shaping frequency responses. Power electronics like switched-mode power supplies
utilize resonant circuits. Medical applications like MRI imaging rely on resonant circuits to
generate radio frequency fields.
OBJECTIVES
- Study how current, impedance, active and reactive power vary with frequency in a series
oscillating circuit
- Investigate the properties of resonance in a series oscillating circuit
BACKGROUND
The resonant frequency fr is determined by the values of circuit elements like capacitors and
inductors. At this frequency, series resonant circuits exhibit minimum impedance while parallel
resonant circuits show maximum impedance. Assuming ideal capacitors and inductors can
simplify calculating the resonant frequency.
Besides fr, resonant circuits also have lower and upper half-power frequencies f1 and f2. At these
frequencies, power absorbed drops to 50% of the maximum value.
In a series RLC circuit, resonance occurs when the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal
in magnitude but opposite in phase, canceling each other out. This series resonant circuit allows
maximum current at the resonant frequency while restricting it at other frequencies.
A parallel resonant circuit has an inductor branch and a capacitor branch. It is a rejection circuit,
allowing minimum current at the resonant frequency but more current at other frequencies when
powered by a high impedance source.
PROCEDURE
For the series RLC circuit, the source resistance was kept low. An input voltage around 5V was
applied from a signal generator. The frequency was systematically varied, and corresponding
current values were measured and recorded.
For the parallel RLC circuit, the frequency was stepped through a range, and current values were
noted. The anti-resonant frequency where current was minimum was identified.
RESULTS
The measured data for current, impedance at different frequencies in the series and parallel
resonant circuits is presented in tabular form. Sample calculations for key parameters like
resonant frequency are shown.
DISCUSSION
In the series resonant circuit, the observed trend of current peaking at the resonant frequency and
declining with frequency increase beyond resonance aligns with established theory.
For the parallel resonant circuit, the increasing current with rising frequency up to resonance,
followed by a decline beyond resonance, is consistent with expectations from literature.
Potential error sources like instrument calibration, component variations, connectivity issues,
interference and human error are discussed. Mitigation strategies like careful calibration, precise
components, controlled setups and cross-verification are recommended for reliable
measurements.
CONCLUSION
The series and parallel resonance experiments provided valuable insights into the resonance
behavior in circuits. Analyzing current, impedance and power trends with frequency enhanced
understanding of this important phenomenon and its applications, despite inherent experimental
uncertainties. Adherence to best practices improved result credibility.

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Eeb Draft

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Here is the lab report rewritten in my own words:

TITLE: Investigating Series and Parallel Resonance Circuits

Resonant circuits have widespread applications in telecommunications, audio processing, power

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