16

Electromagnetic Induction
and Alternating Current
Topic1 Magnetic Flux and Induced EMF
by Changein Flux
Objective Questions I (Only one correct option) 4. Ina coil ofresistance 100 2, a current is induced by changing
1. A very long solenoid of radius R is carrying current the magnetic flux through it as shown in the figure. The
It)= kte (k> 0) as a function of time (t2 0) Counter magnitude of change in flux through the coil is (2017 Main)
clockwise current is taken to be positive. A circular
10K
conducting coil of radius 2R is placed in the equatorial plane
Current
of the solenoid and concentric with the solenoid. The current
A)
induced in the outer coil is correctly depicted, as a function of
time, by (Main 2019, 9 April I1)
ime 0.5
(s)
(a)tt=0 (b) t=0 (a) 225 Wb (b) 250 Wb (c) 275 Wb (d) 200 Wb
5. A circular loop of radius 0.3 cm lies parallel to a much
bigger
circular loop of radius 20 cm. The centre of the smaller
loop
is on the axis of the bigger loop. The distance between their
(c) t=0 (d) t=0 centres is 15 cm. If a current of 2.0 A flows through the
bigger loop, then the flux linked with smaller loop is
(2013 Main)
2. A 10 m long horizontal wire extends from North-East to (a) 9.1 x 107 Wb (b) 6x 101l wb
South-West. It is falling with a speed of 5.0 ms at right (c) 3.3 x 10 Wb (d) 6.6 x 10 wb
angles to the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic 6. The figure shows certain wire x X

field of 0.3 x 10* Wb/m. The value ofthe induced emfin

segmentsjoined together to forma X
wire is (Main 2019, 12 Jan 1) coplanar loop. The loop is placed in x
(a) L5x 10 V b) 11x 10'v a perpendicular magnetic field in * *
(c) 0.3x 10 v (d) 25x 10V the direction going into the plane of
X

the figure. The magnitude of the x x

3. The self-induced emf of a coil is 25 V. When the current in it field increases with time.
is changed at uniform rate from 10 A to 25 A in ls, the I and I, are the currents in the
segments ab and cd. Then, (2009)
change in the energy of the inductance is
(Main 2019, 10 Jan 1) (a) >I2
(a) 437.5 J (b) 740 J b) <l2
(c) 637.5 J (d) 540 J (c) is in the direction ba and I, is in the direction cd.
(d) is in the direction ab and I, is in the direction dc.
T h ev a r i a t i o n
finduced emf (e) with ciectromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 53/
time (1) in a coil if a
C)The net emf induced due to both the loops is proportional
TOO0000 to cos ot.
short b a r agnet along
is moved
its axis
(a The amplitude of the maximum net emf induced due to
slacity is best represented as with both the loops is equal to the amplitude of maximum emf
constant induced in the smaller loop alone.
(2004, 2M)
A COnducting loop in the shape of a right angled isosceles
trangle of height 10 cm is kept such that the 90° vertex is very
close to an
infinitely long conducting wire (see the figure).
The wire is
electrically insulated from the loop. The
hypotenuse of the triangle is parallel to the wire. The current
In the
(a)
triangular loop is in counterclockwise direction and
ncreased at a constant rate
of 10As. Which of the following
statement(s) is (are) true? (2016 Adv.)
*******
*****

10 cm

(c)
(d) ***

cireular loop of radius R,

ith its centre at origin. Thecarrying
total
current 1, lies in
x-y plane
(a) There is a repulsive force between the wire and the
loop.
plane is
magnetic flux through x-y (6) If the loop is rotated at a constant angular speed about the
) directly proportional to I. (1999, 2M) wire, an additional
b) directly proportional to R.
mfofvolt is inducedin the wire.
c) inversely proportional to R. (c) The magnitude of induced emf in the wire
d)2zero. is|
(d) The induced current in the wire is in
opposite direction to
etive Questions II (0ne or more correct the current along the hypotenuse.
circular insulated copper wire
option) 11. A current
carrying infinitely long wire is
loop is twisted to form two diameter of a circular wire kept along the
loops of area A and 2A as shown in the loop, without touching it. The
crossing the wires remain electrically figure.
At the point of correct staternent(s) is(are)
insulated from each (a) The emf induced (2012)
other. The entire loop lies in the in the loop is zero if the current is
uniform magnetic field plane (ofthe paper). A Constant.
I= 0, the
Bpoints into the plane of
the paper. At (b) The emf induced in the loop is finite if the
loop starts rotating about the common diameter as constant. current is
MIS With a constant angular velocity in the magnetic field. (c) The emf induced in the
Which of the
following options is/are correct? decreases at a steady rate.
loop is zero if the current
(2017 Adv.) (d) The emf induced in the
decreases at a steady rate. loop
is finite if the
current

Fill in the Blank

area;A
12. In a straight
conducting wire, a
from left to right due to a source constant current is flowing
of emf. When the
switched off,the direction of the induced source is
will be...... current in the wire

area: 2A
(1993, 1M)
X True/False
13. A coil of metal wire is
kept stationary in a
magnetic field. An emf is induced in the coil.
non-uniformn
(1986, 3M)
Ihe emf induced in
the loo is proportional to the sum of Analytical & Descriptive Questions
Une areas of the
b) The r: two loops. 14. A metal bar AB can slide
on two
O Change ofthe flux is maximum when the plane parallel thick metallic rails
separated by a distance l. A resistance
ofthe is perpendicular to plane of the paper. are
R
connected to the rails as shown in the and an
inductance L
figure. A long straight
xx xX x
N
X x
X X X
X
oo o o o o
O
x Xx
O
ww.O000|
oo o
 jn AD,
but not in BC
but not in AD
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 539
in BC,
AD Nor in BC
neither in Truel False
both AD and BC
in
d)
A metal rod moves at a
constant AConducting rod AB moves parallel to the X-axis in a

uniform magnetic field pointing in the positive z-direction.

licular to its lengt
pend ngth. A constantvelocity in direction a The end A of the rod
inspace ina
direction uniform gets positively charged. (1987, 2M)
Select the correct
magnetic
perpendicular to the rod
field
s is velocity. statement (s) from well as
following
the B
entire rod is at the same
a The electric (1998, 2M)
rod. potential.
(b) There is an electric field in the
e) The e
electric potential is highest at the A
and decrease towards its ends. centre of the rod
Theelectric potential is
d) lowest at the centre Analytical& Descriptive Questions
increases towards its ends of the rod
and 8. A
semicircularin conducting ring of radius R is
A thin se

ane
magnetic field
the z
B =
(B, yla)k is acting into the paperin
yertical horizontal a
falling with direction. B and a are positive constants. A square
ion MNQ the speed of themagnetic induction
ring is and
B. At the loop EFGH of side a, mass m and resistance R in x-Y plane
starts
kifference developed across the ring is
v
the
potential falling under the influence of gravity. Note the
directions of x and y in the figure. Find (1999, 10M)
(1996, 2M)
X X

B
X

xMv x (a) the induced current in the loop and indicate its direction.
(a) zero (b) the total Lorentz force acting on the loop and indicate its
direction.
0) BvT R/2 and M is at higher potential
(c) an expression for the speed of the
c) TBRv and Q is at higher potential terminal velocity.
loop v(t) and its
(d) 2RBv and Q is at higher potential 9. A pair of parallel horizontal conducting rails of
Aconducting
square loop of side L and resistance R moves in resistance shorted at one end is fixed on a table. Thenegligible
distance
is plane with a uniform
velocity v perpendicular to one of its between the rails is L. A
sides. A magnetic induction B, constant in time
conducting
resistance R can slide on the rails
massless rod of
and space,
tied to a massless string which frictionlessly. The rod is
pointing perpendicular to and into the plane of the loop exists passes over a pulley fixed to
Cverywhere.The current induced in the loop is (1989, 2M) the edge of the table. A tied to the other end of the
mass m
string hangs vertically. A constant magnetic field B exists
perpendicular to the table. If the system is released from rest.
Calculate :
(1997, 5M)

TII
a) BLv/R clockwise
b) BLv/R anti-clockwise (a) the terminal velocity achieved the
by rod, and
0)2BLv/R
) zero
anti-clockwise (b) the acceleration of the mass at the
instant when the
velocity of the rod is half the terminal
velocity.
 Induction and Alternating Current
540 Electromagnetic
The loop is now made to tate with
10. A metal rod OA and
a
constant
mass m and length velocity about an axis passing through angula
o
kept rotating with a perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
aper. The
The and
etfective
constant angular B resistance of the loop is R.
speed o in a vertical
plane about
(a) Obtain an expression
current in the loop.
tor the magnitude of the1985,indduced6M)
horizontal axis at the
(b) Show the direction of the current when the
loon
end O. The tree end DODDDDD0 entering into the region 1.
A is arranged to slide
(c) Plot a graph between the induced current and the tim
without friction along a fixed conducting circular ring in the
rotation for two periods of rotation. time of
same plane as that of rotation. A uniform and constant
magnetic induction B is applied perpendicular and into the Region, Region Il
plane of rotation as shown in figure. An inductor L and an
external resistance R are connected through a switch S
(O
between the point O and a point C on the ring to form an
electrical eircuit. Neglect the resistance of the ring and the
rod. Initially, the switch is open. (1995, 10M)
(a) What is the induced emf across the terminals of the
Switch?
(b) The switch S is closed at time t=0
(i) Obtain an expression for the current as a function of time.
(ii) In the steady state, obtain the time dependence of the 13. A square metal wire loop of side 10 cm and resistance 10is
torque required to maintain the constant angular speed. moved with a constant velocity Yo in a uniform magnetic
Given that the rod OA was along the positivex-axis at r=0 field of induction B =2 Wb/m* as shown in the figure. The
11. Two parallel vertical metallic rails AB and CD are separated magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the plane ofthe loop
by I m. They are connected at two ends by resistances R and (directed into the paper). The loop is connected to a network
R, as shown in figure. A horizontal metallic bar of mass 0.2 kg of resistors each of value 3 2.
slides without friction vertically down the rails under the
action of gravity.
There is a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0.6 T

perpendicular to the plane of the rails. It is observed that when

the terminal velocity is attained, the powers dissipated in 3 30
3
R and R, are 0.76 W and 1.2W respectively. Find the terminal wW

velocity of the bar L and the values of R, and Rz. (1994, 6M) 3 30
R
www-

What should be the speed of the loop so as to have a steady

current of ImA in the loop? Give the direction of curentin
the loop. (1983, 6M)

R2 14. The two rails of a railway track, insulated from eachother

www
and the ground, are connected to a millivoltmeter. Whatis
the reading of the millivoltmeter when a train travels ata
12. Space is divided by the line AD into two regions. Region I is
speed of 180 km/h along the track given that the vertical
field free and the region II has a uniform magnetic field B
directed into the plane of the paper. ACD is a semicircular components of earth's magnetic field is 0.2x 10Wbm
conducting loop of radius r with centre at 0, the plane of the and the rails are separated by 1 m? Track is South to Nortn.
loop being in the plane of the paper. (1981, 4M)
 541
lectromagnetic Induction and Alternating Curr
self and Mutual
ic3
y e e t i v e2
siestionsI (Only one correct
Inductance
option) side l is placed inside a large
aSmall square loop of wire of
of 300
ransformer consisting turns in the are coplanar
VeA n the secondary gives output power primary
and
of 2.2 kW. 150 are loop of wire of side L(L>
> ). The loops
inductance of the
mutual
t u r n s

the ondary coil is 10 A, then If the

nd their centres coincide. The (1998, 2M)
rent.
n

current in the primary coil are the input voltage system is proportional to
(Main 2019, (d) C1
10 (c) LA
440 V and 5 A4 (b) 220 V and 20 April) (a)/L b)IL
AA
V and 10 A (d) 440 V and 20 A
or more correct option)
coils PandQ are:separated by some distance. Objective Questions II (One
8 mH and
flows through coil When a 4=
of3 A P, a magnetic .
Two different coils have self-inductances
constant
c u r e n t

flux of is increased at
a

Wb passes througi 0. No current is

passed through Q.
2mH. The current in one coil
is also increased
at the
rrent passes through P and a rate. The current in the second coil
hen no the power
current of 2 A certain instant of time,
the flux through P is
(Main 2019,
passes same constant rate. At a time, the current, the
to the two coils is the same. At that
through
9 April I)
Wb
(b) gIven the first coil are i, K
(a) 667 x 10 667x 10 wb
1nduced voltage and the energy stored
in
(c)367x10 Wb
(d) 3.67x104 Wb values for the second coil
and Wrespectively. Corresponding Then
number of turns and cross-section area in a
tal at the same instant and
are i2, V2 W2 respectively. (1994, 2M)
solenoid
d. However, its length L is varied by (d) = 4
adjusting the (a) (b)=4
naration
S e p a r a
between windings. The

will be proportional
to
inductance of solenoid 12 ( 4 V2
(Main 2019, 9 April 1)
(a) 1/L (b) (c) L
(d) 1/?
tic Integer Answer Type Question
ACOpper wire is wound on a wooden frame, whose shape is 9. A circular wire loop of radius R is placed in the x-y plane
op
that of an equilateral triangle. If the linear dimension of each
side of the frame is increased by a factor of 3, keeping the centred at the origin O. A square loop of side a (a<< R)
Drk number of turns of the coil per unit length of the frame the having two turns is placed with its centre at z =V3 R along
same, then the self-inductance of the coil the axis of the circular wire loop, as shown in figure. The
(Main 2019, 11 Jan Il) plane of the square loop makes an angle of 45° with respect to
(a) increases by a factor of 3.
the Z-axis.
b) decreases by a factor of 9/3.
If the mutual inductance between the loops is given by
() increases by a factor of 27. Ho a2

(d) decreases by a factor of 9. then the value of p is (2012)

2P/2 R
There are two long coaxial solenoids of same length 1. The
inner and outer coils have radii and rz and number of turns
per unit length 7 and n2, respectively. The ratio of mutual 45°

inductance to the self-inductance of the inner coil is

dy (Main 2019, 11 Jan

(a)2. (6) ) () 3 R
M)
R
Two circular coils can be arranged in any of the three O
Situations shown in the figure. Their mutual inductance XK

will be (2001, S)
al
2
O,
Fill in the Blank
m

0 10. The network shown in figure is

part of a complete circuit. If at
M a certain instant the current
() is 5A and is decreasing at a rate
(A) (B) (C) of 10 A/s, then Vp
VA ..V
-
=

3) maximum in situation (A). (1997, 1M)

) maximum in situation (B).
C) maximum in situation (C). w w m O0OOT00-
A 12 5 mH
9 the same in all situations. 15 V B
542 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

Topic 4 L-R Circuits and L-C Oscillations

Objective Questions I (Only one correct option) 5. A series AC
circuit containing an inductor (20m
capacitor (120 (60
uF) anda resistor 2) is
driven by an A
m), a
1. Consider the L-R circuit shown in the figure. Ifthe switch S is source of 24 VI50 Hz. The energy dissipated in the cir
closed at =Q then the amount ofcharge that passes through (Main 2019,
60 s is 9
the (b) 5.65 x 10J Jan I
battery between t =
0 and =is
t
(a) 3.39 x 10 J
R (Main 2019, 12 April I1)
(d)5.17x 10J
(c) 226x 10* J
ww
6. In the figure shown,
a circuit contains two identical resict

with resistance R 5Q and an inductance with L =2 m .sAn

=

ideal battery of 15 V is connected in the circuit.

(a)27EL 7.3 EL EL
(a)R (b)
27R R d) 7.3 R2
2. A coil of self inductance 10 mH and resistance 012 is 15V
connected through a switch to a battery of internal resistance
092. After the switch is closed, the time takenfor the current
to attain 80% of the saturation value is [Take, In 5 = 1.6] What wil1 be the current through the battery long after the
(Main 2019, 10 April II) switch is closed? (2019 Main, 12
Jan )
(a) 0.002 s (b) 0.324s (a) 6 A (b) 3 A (c) 5.5 A (d) 7.5 A
(c) 0.103 s (d) 0.016 s 7. An inductor (L = 0.03 H) and a resistor (R = 015 kQ) are
3. A 20 H inductor coil is connected to 10 2 connected in series to a battery of 15V EMF in a circuit
a 10 ohm resistance in series as
www shown below. The key K, has been kept closed
ra long
shown in figure. The time at which E- 20 H time. Then at = 0, K, 1s opened and key K2 is closed
rate of dissipation of energy simultaneously. At t = Ims, the current in the circuit will be
(Joule's heat) across resistance is (150) (2015 Main)
0.15 k2
equal to the rate at which magnetic energy is stored in the 0.03H
inductor, is (Main 2019, 10 Jan 1)
000 ww

(d) In 2
(a) 6)In2 (c) 2 In 2

4. In the circuit shown,

R 15V
ww
(a) 100 mA (b) 67 mA (c) 0.67mA (d) 6.7 mA
8. In the circuit shown here, the point C is kept connected to
point A till the current flowing through the circuit becomes
constant. Afterward, suddenly point C is disconnected from
S point A and connected to point B at time t =0. Ratio ofthe
voltage across resistance and the inductor at t = L/R willbe
The switch S, is closed at time t = 0and the switch S, is kept
equal to (2014 Main)
open. At some later time (t%)
the switch S, is opened and S2
behaviour of the current I as a function of time
is closed. The
(Main 2019, 11 Jan 1)
t is given by

(a) (b)
() (b) (c)-1

9. In a L-C-R circuit as shown below, both switches are Ope

initially. Now, switch S, and S2, are closed. (q is chargeo
( (d)
the capacitor and t = RC is capacitance time cons
Which of the following statement is correct? (2013 Main
 Current t
543
543
Alternating
Electromagnetic Induction
and
is
Now,
switch S,
uncharged. circuit is t,
ofthis
was
the capacitor constant
(2006, 6M)
nitially, If time
and S, is kept open.
Osed is CV/2
then on the capacitor 1s
interval t, charge capacitor
(a) after time the
ww-i-
R interval 21, charge
on

(0after time
0000 CV(1-e) halfof the heat
source
will be
(c)the ork done by the voltage
the is fully charged
Work done by battery 1s half of the dissipated when
the capacitor the capacitor
1s
(a) in the resistor
energy dissipated interval 2, charge
on

(d) after time

Atr=T, q=CV/2 CY(1- e)
(b) 21, 4 = CV (1-e) opened and S2
is
(c) A t r
fully charged, S, is
. A f t e r the capacitor gets with the series
)At=T/29=CV(1-el) inductor is connected in
closed so that the (2006, 6M)
lof inductance 8.4 mH and resistance 6 Q is connected capacitor. Then,
is purely in the form
of
0 12 V battery. The current in the coil stored in the circuit
a
approximately the time
is 1A at (a) ati =

0,energy
(1999, 2M) magnetic energy. is in the
same
b) 20 s (C) 35 ms (d) 1 ms current in the circuit
(6) at any time t > 0,
(a) S00 s

direction. between the

hiective Question II (One or More than One) exchange of energy
lbject (C) at >0, there is no

fthe figure below, the switches S, and S, are closed inductor and capacitor. current in the
11 maximum instantaneous
simultaneously at t = 0 and a current starts to flow in the (d) at any time t> 0,
circuit. Both the batteries have the same magnitude of the
circuit may be V
electromotive force (emt) and the polarities are as indicated
in the figure. Ignore mutual inductance between the circuit is Qo, then for t 2 0,
inductors. The current in the middle wire reaches its
14. Ifthe total charge stored in the LC (2006, 6M)
maximum magnitude max at time = t. Which of the
following statements is (are) true? (2018 Adv.) (a) the charge on the capacitor is Q = 2o cos Jc)
R R 2L
0000
wW0000
(b) the charge on the capacitor is Q =
Qo cos

(c) the charge on the capacitor is Q =- LC

d2

S1 (d) the charge on the capacitor is Q =--

V V LC d2
(a) max
2R
(b) max 4R
(d) T=ln 2
Fill in the Blank
()TIn 2
R 15. A uniformly wound solenoidal coil of self-inductance
1.8x 10 H and resistance 62 is broken up into two
Fssage Based Questions identical coils. These identical coils are then connected in
Passage parallel across a 15 V battery of negligible resistance. The
The capacitor of capacitance C can be c arged (with the help time constant for the current in the circuit is S and the ......

R) by a voltage source V, by closing

switch
S steady state current through the battery is... A. (1989, 2M)
01 8resistance
wnile keeping switch S, open. The capacitor can be

in series with an inductor L by closing switch S2 Integer Answer Type Question

Ccted
and opening S.
16. Two inductors L (inductance ImH, internal resistance 32)
and L2 (inductance 2
mH, internal resistance 42), and a
resistór R
(resistance 12 2) are all connected in
SA across a 5V battery. The circuit parallel
is switched on at time
The ratio of the maximum
to the minimum
t= 0
( maxmin ) drawn from the battery is current
S2
0000000 (2016 Adv.)
L
544 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

What is the potential drop across L as a function

of t
Analytical& Descriptive Questions After the steady state is reached,
the switch is opened me?
the magnitude of current
17. In an LR series circuit, a
V the direction and through as a
function of time?
sinusoidal voltage (2001, 5M)
V=Vosin ot is applied. It inductance 2.0 mH is connected acs
20. An inductor of
is given that L=35 mH, capacitor capacitance 5.0uFand the resultina
charged of
R= 11 2, Vms T/4 T/2\3T/4 circuit is set oscillating at its natural frequency. Let Oda
220V, =

on the capacitor and /, the curre

/ 2 t = 50 Hz and the instantaneous charge
T = 22/7. the circuit. It is found that the maximum valueof Q is 200t
Find the
amplitude of current in the (1998, 8M)
steady state and obtain the phase difference between the (a) When = 100 uC,
what is of jdl/dt|12
the value
what is the value of /?
current and the voltage. Also plot the variation of current for (b) When 0=200uC,
maximum value of I.
one cycle on the
given graph. (2004, 4M) (c) Find the
(d) When I is equal to one-half its maximum value, what is
18. In the circuit shown A and B are two cells of same emf E but
different internal resistances and ^(j > h) respectively. the value of Q|?
Find the value of R such that the potential difference across of 10 resistance of 20
H and a
21. A solenoid has an inductance
the terminals of cell A is zero, a long time after the key K is It is connected to a 10 V battery. How long will it take for the
closed. (2004, 4M) 1/4 of its maximum value ?
magnetic energy to reach
wwww R L
(1996, 3M)
wwww
22. A circuit containing a two position switch S is shown in
A B
Lwww (1991, 4+4M)
R figure.
wwwm The switch Sis in position 1. Find the potential difference
wwwww (a)
VA-VB and the rate of production of joule heat in R.
wwwww
b) If now the switch S is put in position 2 at t =0. Find
i) steady current in R and
(ii) the time when current in R4 is half the steady value. Also,
calculate the energy stored in the inductor L at that time.
19. An inductor of inductance L = 400 mH and resistors of
H3 C
resistances R = 22 and R2 = 22 are connected to a battery
w -
ofemf E=12V as shown in the figure. The internal resistance 22 2HF 19Rs
of the battery is negligible. The switch S is closed at time R1
E1
wwww.HE
t = O. 22 12 V.
1 R2
w B
22
3V
39A
0000
10 mH
 545
Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

5Induced Electric Field

opic
5
B)
P
Question I (Only one correct
Carm but time-varying magnetic ficld option)
hecetive

region of radius aand is

B() exists in
directed into
circular

a
of the paper as shown.
. TThe
he
the
plane
lectric field
electric field at point P
at
at
magnitude of the
(a) is zero
(b) deereases as 1
induced a
distance r from the (d) decreases as 1/r
circular region
centre of the (2000, 2M)
(c) increases asr

oic 6 Alternating Current

opic
ctive Questions I (Only one correct option)
.Acircuit connected
to an AC source of
emf e 50
eg sin(100r) =
1000
10 (d)
hin seconds, gives a phase difference of between the
4
(a) 50,0 (b) 50, 10
()J2
and
fe and current i. Which of the
following circuits
6. An AC voltage s o u r c e of variable angular frequency
exhibit this?
(Main
wil
2019, 8 Apr 11)
fixed amplitude V, is connected in series with a capacitance C
(a)RCcircuit with R = 1 k2 and C = luF and an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance zero). When
b) RL circuit with R = 1k2 and L = ImH i s increased, (2010)

(o) RC circuit with R = 1kS2 and C = 10uF (a) the bulb glows dimmer
(d) RL circuit with R = 1k2 and L == 10 mH (b) the bulb glows brighter
(c) total impedance of the circuit is unchanged
An alternating voltage V()=220sin 100tt volt is applied to (d) total impedance of the circuit increases
apurely resistive load of 50 2. The time taken for the current
to rise from half of the peak value to the peak value is
7. When an AC source ofemfe =
Eg 1
(Main 2019, 8 April 1) sin (1001) is connected across a
(a) 5 ms (b) 2.2 ms (c) 7.2 ms (d) 3.3 ms circuit, the phase difference
between the emfe and the current
ww-
R2 i in the circuit is observed to be
L R1
www
ahead, as shown in the diagram.
If the circuit consists possibly only of R-C or R-L or L-C in
series, find the relationship between the two elements.
(2003, 2M)
(a) R=1 k2, C = 10uF (b) R=1 k2, C = 1 uF
In the above circuit, C = uF, Rz = 20Q, L = YH and
10 (c) R=1 kS2, L = 10 H (d) R=1 k2, L = 1H
2
R= 10 2. Cur nt in L-R path is / and in C-R2 path is
The voltage of AC source is given by V = 200/2sin(1 00r)
Match the Column
8. You are given many resistances,
volts. The phase difference between and 72 is capacitors and inductors.
These are connected to a variable DC
(Main 2019, 12 Jan 11) voltage source
(the first
30 (b) 60° (d) 90 two circuits) or an AC voltage source of 50 Hz
(c)0° next three circuits) in different
frequency (the
rOr an R-L-C circuit driven with voltage of amplitude v,, and ways as shown in Column II.
When a current I (steady state
for DC or rms for AC) flows
ftrequency o , the current exhibits resonance. The through the circuit, the corresponding voltage
V and V2
LC (indicated in circuits) are related as shown in Column I.
quality factor, Q is given by (2018 Main)
(2010)
)CR
(b) (c) (d)- R Column I
Column II
R 0C
In an
AC circuit, the instantaneous emf and current are given V2
e=100 sin 301, i =
20sin | 30t -

(A)
I+ 0, is
(p) 6mH uF
proportional to I
In on the
cycle of AC, the average power
consumed by
Gircuit and the wattless current are, respectively (2018 Main) V
 546 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

If C
battery to charge the capacitor fully. 20uF =
D

Column I Column II and the battery is ideal with emf of 50 V, identifv 100
V V2
statement(s). (2014 Adv)
6 mH 22
(B) I 0, V2 > V (q)
A

T 50 V
C-20 uF
w-
Vi 2 R 10S2

6mH 22 (a) Magnitude of the maximum charge on the capacitor

(C) = 0, =V (r)
beforet =
is 1x 103c
(b) The current in the
left part of the circuit just before t=
V2 is clockwise 60
after A 1s connected to LD, the current in Ri
I0,V2 is 6mH 22
(c) Immediately
(D) () 10 A
proportional to
(d)Q=2x 10 c
11. In the given circuit,
the AC source has w 100 rad/e =

Considering the inductor and capacitor to be ideal, the corect

2
V2
O000000 o choice(s) is(are) (2012)
6mH 3uF 100
(1) 100 2
H w

0.5 H 50 2
0000 w

Objective Questions II (One or more correct option) 20 V

9. The instantaneous voltages at three terminals marked X, Y

(a) the current through the circuit, I is 0.3
A
and Z are given by Vy = V% sin or,
(b) the current through the circuit, I is 0.3 V2A
K =Vgsin or+and , V,sin ot = +
(c) the voltage across 100 2 resistor 10/2 VV
=

(d) the voltage across 50 2 resistor 10 V

=

An ideal voltmeter is configured to read rms value of the

12. A series R-C circuit is connected to AC voltage source.
potential difference between its terminals. It is connected Consider two cases; (4) when C is without a dielectrio
between points X and Y and then between and Z. The
be (2017 Adv.)
medium and (B) when C is filled with dielectric of constant 4
reading(s) of the voltmeter will
The current lp through the resistor and voltage Vc across the
capacitor are compared in the two cases. Which of the
(a) (yz) nmso2
following is/are true?
3 (2011)
(b) xr) =oy2 (a) >
terminals
(c) independent of the choice of the
two
() >VE (d) Ve<V
(d) (xr)s=o
10. At time t = 0, terminal A in the circuit shown in the figure is Integer Answer Type Question

connected to B by a key alternating

and an current
13. A series R- C combination is connected to an AC voltage o
I(t)= 1% cos (or), with 1A and o 500 rad s
= = starts
angular frequency o= 500rad/s. If the impedance oftheR
in the figure. At
flowing in it with the initial direction shown circuit is RV1.25, the time constant (in millisecond) ofthe
onwards
= 7t/6o, the key is switched from B to D. Now (2011)
flows from the Circuit is
only A and D are connected. A total charge Q
E E E
XXX XXX
XXX X XX
X XXXX
xx X
xXX XK
XXYX K
XXXX xX
.
O
OL
.
 548 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

11. As shown in the figure, P and Q are coaxil conducting

two Passage Based Questions
loops separated by some distance. When the switch S is Passage1
closed, a clockwise current 1, flows in P (as seen by E) and an Consider a simple RC
Circuit as shown
induced current
I, Q.
flows in The switch remains closed for in Figure 1.
a long time. When S is opened, a current
Io, flows in Q.
Process 1 In the circuit,
the switch S is
Then the direction Io, and Io,(as seen by E) are (2002, 2M)
closed at t = 0 and the capacitor is fully

charged to voltage Vo (i.e. charging

T>> RC). In the
continues for time
OE process,
some dissipation (Ep )
occurs

of
across the resistance R. The amount

energy finally stored in the fully charged capacitor is F

Process 2 In a different process the voltage is first set to

Battery 3
and maintained for a charging time .7>> RC, Then the
(a) respectively clockwise and anti-clockwise 2
voltage is raised towithout discharging the capacitor and
(b) both clockwise
(c) both anti-clockwise
process is repeated
time 7 >> RC. The
(d) respectively anti-clockwise and clockwise again maintained fora
the voltage to Vo and the capacitor
one more time by raising
12. A coil of wire having finite inductance and resistance has a as in process 1.
charged to the same final voltage V%
conducting ring placed co-axialy within it. The coil is in Figure 2.
These two processes are depicted (2017 Adv.
connected to a battery at time t = 0, so that a time dependent
current , () starts flowing through the coil. If 1,() is the Vt Process 1
current induced in the ring and B(1) is the magnetic field at Vot
the axis of the coil due to 7,(t), then as a function of time do wwW
R
2V/3 Process 2
(t> 0), the product 1,() B () (2000, 2M) Vo/3 T>> RC
(a) increas with time
(b) decreases with time
Figure 2
2
Figure 1
(c) does not vary with time
(d) passes through a maximum 15. In process 1, the energy stored in the capacitor Ec andheat
13. Two identical circular loops of metal wire are lying on a table dissipated across resistance Ep are related by
without touching each other. Loop A carries a current which
increases with time. In response, the loop B
(a) Ec = Ep In 2 (b) Ec =

Ep
(1999, 2M)
(a) remains stationary (c)Ec 2Ep (d) Ec EpD
(b) is attracted by the loop A
(c) is repelled by the loop 4 16. In process 2, total energy dissipated across the resistance Ep
(d) rotates about its CM, with CM fixed is

(a)Ep = (b)Ep =
Assertion and Reason
Mark your answer as

a) If Statement I is true, Statement II is true; Statement II is

(c)E 3C (d)Ep-CV
the correct explanation for Statement I
Passage 2
(b) If Statement I is true, Statement lI is true; Statement II is A thermal power plant produces electric power of 600kWa
not a correct explanation for Statement I
4000 V, which is to be transported to a place 20 km away
c) f Statement I is true; Statement II is false from the power plant for consumers' usage. It can De
Statement I is false; Statement Il is true transported either directly with a cable of large current
(ad) f carrying capacity or by using a combination of step-upan
14. Statement I A vertical iron rod has a coil of wire wound step-down transformers at the two ends. The drawback of the
over it at the bottom end.
An alternating current flows in the direct transmission is the large energy dissipation. In the
rod as shown in the
coil. There is a conducting ring round the method using transformers, the dissipation is much smaller
figure. The ring can float at a certain height above(dao7oÅM) In this method, a step-up transformer is used at the plant siac
In the above situation, a current is induced in so that the current is reduced to a smaller value.
Statement II
the ring which interacts with the horizontal component of the At the consumers' end, a step-down transformer is used to
field to produce an average force in the upward supply power to the consumers at the specified lower vo
magnetic
It 1s reasonable to assume that the power cable IS puic
direction.
 cectromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 5
and the
transtormers ideal with
sthe current
A. and
are
a
unity
voltages mentioned are power
ms
factor
Cep it leviated and as it moves forward according
to Lenz's
values. law, there is an clectromagnetic drag lorce (2006, 6M)

he km istransmission
f t h e direct
method (2013 Adv,.)
f042 used, the power
with a cable of 21. What is the advantage of this system
ransnussion Is dissipation (in %)resistance
during
(a) No friction hence no power consumption
(b) No clectric power is used
(a) 20 (b) 30 (c) Gravitation force is zero
(o) 40 (d) 50 (d) Electrostatic force draws the train
ethod usingthe
laher f turns in the
transformers, assume that the ratio of 22. What is the disadvantage of this system ?
primary to that in the (a) Train expericnces upward force according to Lenz's law
n-uD transformer is I:
l0, If the power to thesecondary in (b) Friction froce create a drag on the train
o be s suupplied
at 200V, the ratio of the consumers
number of turns in (c) Retardation
ori to that in the (d) By Lenz's law train cxperience
the
transtormer is
secondary in the step-down
a
dra.
23. Which force causes the train to elevate up ?
(a) 200:1 (b) 150:1 (c) 100:1 (a) Electrostatic force
(d) 50:1
Passage 3 (6) Time varying electric field
(c) Magnetic force
A charge Q1s moving in a circular orbit
noint
the y plane with an angular velocity o. ofThis radius R in (d) Induced electric field
be
considered as equivalent to a loop carrying a steady can
current Objective Questions II (One or more correct option)
Qlo A uniform magnetic field along the 24. In the circuit shown, L= l4H, C = IuF and R = I k2. They
27 positive z-axis is
now switched on, which increases at a are connected in series with an AC source V = V% sin o as
constant rate from 0 to
Bin one second. Assume that the radius of shown. Which of the following options is/are correct?
the orbit remains
Constant. The applications of the magnetic field induces an (2017 Adv.)
emf in the orbit. The induced emf is defined as the work done L 1uH C=11uF R= 1k
by an induced clectric ficld in moving a unit positive charge O000000 wwW
around a closed loop. It is known that, for an orbiting charge, V sin o t
magnetic dipole moment is proportional
the to the angular
momentum with a proportionality constant (2013 Adv.))
y. (a) Ato0, the current flowing through the circuit becomes
!. The magnitude of the induced electric field in the orbit at any nearly zero
instant of time during the time interval of the magnetic field (b) The frequency at which the current will be in phase with
change is the voltage is independent of R
BR -BR (c) The current will be in phase with the voltage if
a) (b) (c) BR (d) 2BR
0 = 10" rads
2

lhe change in the magnetic dipole moment associated with (d) Ato >> 10° rads, the circuit behaves like capacitor a

the orbit, at the end of the time interval of the magnetic ficld 25. Two metallic rings A and B, identical in
change, is shape and size but
having different resistivities p, and pp, are kept on top
BOR identical solenoids as shown in the figure. When current of two
la) yBOR (b) -7BOR
2 (c)Y2 (d) yBOR
switched on in both the solenoids in identical
I is
manner, the
rings A and B jump to heights h, and hp, respectively, with
Passage 4
Modern
rains are based on Maglev technology in which h> hp. The possible relation(s) between their resistivities
and their masses and mg
EDS Maglev m 1s (are) (2009)
are magnetically leviated, which runs its
Due to
on both sides of wheels.
coils
here are
which
train, induces in the coil of track
current
leui trains
his is in accordance with Lenz's law. If
lou force increases
then due to Lenz's law a repulsive
duoie wn
to which train gets uplifted and ifit goes much high, then

Aherof e is a net vnward force due to gravity. The advantage

train
Maglev
train is that there is no friction between the
d consumption and
Ltrack, thereby reducing power
ing the train to attain very high specus (a) P > Pa and mj = mg
Disadva ntage of Maglev train is that as it
slows down the
(c)P> Ps and m> m
(b)P<Pa and m
m =

agnetic forces r e a s e s and it

becomes difficult
to
(d) PAPs and mj mg
 S0 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current

sketch the graph showing the variation of charge e

26. A field line is shown in the
figure. This field cannot represent plate of the capacitor
as a function of time for one pe
(2006, 5M)
cycle taking
anti-clockwise direction for the cs omplete
loop as positive.
(2003, 4M)

(a) magnetic field (b) electrostatic field

(c) induced electric field a
(d) gravitational field
3a
Integer Answer Type Question
27. A long circular tube of length 10 m and radius 0.3 m carries a
current along its curved surface as shown. A wire-loop of 30. A thermocol vessel contains 0. kg of distilled water at 30e

resistance 0.005 2 and of radius 0.1 m is placed inside the A metal coil of area 5 x 10 m, number of turns 100 mmass
tube with its axis coinciding with the axis of the tube. 0.06 kg and resistance 1.6 2 is lying horizontally atthe
bottom of the vessel. A uniform time varying magneticfield
is setup to pass vertically through the coil at time t=0 Tha
field is first increased from 0. to 0.8 T at a constant rat
between 0 and 0.2 s and then decreased to zero at the same
rate between 0.2 and 0.4 s.
The cycle is repeated 12000 times. Make sketches of the
current through the coil and the power dissipated in the coilas
a function of time for the first two cycles. Clearly indicate
The current varies as /=!o cos300t where I, is constant. If the magnitudes of the quantities on the axes. Assumethat no
the magnetic moment ofthe loop is Nuolo sin (3001), then N heat is lost to the vessel or the surroundings. Determinethe
IS (2011) final temperature of the water under thermal equilibrium
Specific heat of metal = S00 J/kg-K and the specific heat of
Analytical & Descriptive Questions water =4200 J/kg-K. Neglect the inductance of coil
(2000, 10M)
28. A long solenoid of radius a and number of turns per unit
31. An infinitesimally small bar magnet of dipole moment M is
length n is enclosed by cylindrical shell of radius R, thickness
pointing and moving with the speed v in the positive
d (d << R)and length L.
x-direction. A small closed circular conducting loop of radius
a and negligible self-inductance lies in the y-z plane
withits
centre at x
=0,and its axis coinciding with the X-axis. Findthe
force opposing the motion of the magnet, if the resistance of
the loop is R. Assume that the distance x of the magnet from the
centre of the loop is much greater than a.
(1997C, 5M)
32. Two long parallel horizontal V
rails, a distance d apart and
each having a resistance X K

per unit length, are joined at Rx x

one end by a resistance R. A

perfectly conducting rod MN
of mass m is free to slide
A variable current i i sin or flows through the solenoid. If
=

along the rails without

the resistivity of the material of cylindrical shell is p, find the
friction (see figure).
induced current in the shell. (2005, 4M) There is a uniform magnetic field of
induction B normal to the plane of the paper and directedino
wires carrying currents
29. Two infinitely long parallel the paper. A variable force F is applied to the rod
I I,sin
= r in opposite directions are placed a distance 3a MN such
that, as the rod moves, a constant current i flows throughR
side a of negligible resistance with a
apart. A square loop of
in the plane of wires as Find the velocity of the rod and the applied force as
capacitor of capacitance C placed
is
current in the square loop. Also, functions of the distance x of the rod from R.v (1988, 6M)
shown. Find the maximum
 Current 551
Cctromagnetic Induction
and Alternating

Answers
T o p i c7
Topic 4 4. (b)
2. (a) 3. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c)
1.(b) 8. (c)
4.(b) 6. (a)
7. (c)
( a )
6. 7.(b) 8.(d)
5. (d)
10. (a,c) 11.(a, c) 9.(c) 13. (d)
. ( b , d )

11. (b, d) 12. (b)

to right
or zero 13. F and T 10. (d)
Left
15. 3 x 10, 10 16. (8)
2 14. (c)
-iR + ) n(2)-Li) 17. 20 A, 18. R -h)
4
A (E to A), 22 A(8 to E),A (F toE)
19. 12 V, 6e " A (clockwise)
x 10C
in the direction oppOsite
to A.
(c) 2.0 A (d) 1.732
16.
Yes, 20. (a) 10*A/s (b) zero

1f. Clockwise

21. 3.465 s 10J

A (ii) 1.386 x 10s, 4.5 x

Topic2 22. (a) -5V, 24.5 W (b) (i) 0.6

2. (d) . (d)
b) 4.(b) Topic 5
6. (d) 7.T
5.(d) 1. (b)
anti-clockwise (b) F =-
B5av
&.()i= Topic 6
1. () 2. (d) 3. (a) (b)
( ) = 1 - e " ) whereK=Bha gmR
mR " 7. (a)
5. (c) 6. (b)
8. A-r, s, t; B> q, r, s, t; C> 9, p;
D 9, r, s, t

9. (a) y 2 (b) a =

2 9. (b, c) 10. (c, d) 11. (a, c)

12. (b, c) 13. 4
Bor
10.(a) e 2
Topic 7
2.(a) 3. (d) 4. (a)
Bor Bor mg cos0t 1. (b)
b)) i2R 4R 2 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c)
9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (d) 12. (d)
11.v=Im/s, R = 0.47 2, R, = 0.3 2
13.(c) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (a)

the solution 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (b)
12.() (6) anti-clockwise (c) see
21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (a, b)
13. 0.02 m/s, direction of induced current is clockwise 25. (b, d) 26. (b, d) 27.6
14.1 mV
28.i-oana1ocos@r 29. i Hoa Co- (2)
ln

Topic 3 2pR
1. (a) 2. (b) (a) 4. (C) 30. 35.6° C
31.F 2 HGMa
repulsion)
5. (c) 6. (a) 7.(b) 8. (a, c, d) 4 Ra
9.7 10.115 a9 R+ 2A) i F =2A(R 2x + + idB
Bd Bd