THE UGANDA INTER SCHOOL VIRTUAL OLEVEL MATHEMATICS

SEMINAR 2023.
Saturday 01st July 2023 (9:00 a.m)

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS AND TEACHERS:

Dear students and teachers we would like to welcome you to participate in the forthcoming
Mathematics seminar for senior four students. This is in preparation for the forthcoming nal
exams(UNEB) and the Mock Examinations. This is a free seminar and no one should
charge you any fees.The process to be followed by both the teachers and students is suggested
below:
1. Teachers share the Seminar questions with their students and ask for volunteers to dis-
cuss any of the questions. Questions should be pinned up and learners write down all the
questions in their books.
2. Teachers talk to the school administrators to allow the children participate as presenters in
the seminar on Saturday 01st July from 09:00am - 2:00 pm. Other students will just
be participants.
3. The student together with the teachers select atleast two best done presentations and the
students to represent the school.The solutions and pictures/videos should be uploaded on
padlet.https://bit.ly/S4MATHSEMINAR2023
4. Hold a mock presentation where all your discussants present to the rest of the class.After
that release the rest of the class and record your best presenter in a very quiet environment
but with good light.Record each part of the question separately .
5. The teacher could now train the student on how to present on zoom as far as sharing a
screen and using the whiteboard. Alternatively the students' presentation will be loaded on
the computer screen and they explain to us their solution.
SEMINAR DETAILS
S.4 virtual Mathematics seminar 2023.
Time: 01 JULY 2023, 09:00 AM

Join Zoom Meeting

https://rb.gy/ycpxl
Meeting ID:5482356459
Passcode: HeLP23
Kindly register your school using the survey link https://shorturl.at/vK059 .

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 1

All Rights Reserved
 PAPER 456/1 PAPER 456/2
1. Statistics 1. Set theory
2. Matrices 2. Vectors
3. Transformations 3. Business Math
(a) Translation (a) Taxation
(b) Enlargement (b) Intrests and commission
(c) Rotation (c) Exchange rates
(d) Reection (d) Discounts ,Percentages
4. Word problems 4. Kinematic graphs
5. Simplication 5. 3 Dimensions
6. Closed gures 6. Functions and mappings
7. Linear Programming 7. Similarities
8. Quadratic graphs 8. Equation of lines
9. Inequalities 9. Coordinate Geometry
10. Construction 10. Ratios and scales
11. Bearings 11. Proportions/Variations
12. Trigonometry (a) Direct
13. Probability (b) Inverse,Joint and Partial
14. Operations 12. Numerical concepts
15. Fractions (a) Decimals
16. Factorisation (b) Surds
17. Equations & Formulae (c) Indices
18. Circle Properties (d) Logarithms
(e) L.C.M and H.C.F( G.C.F)

"Yesterday's failures are today's seeds that must be diligently planted to be able to
abundantly harvest tomorrow's success."

2 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 ALGEBRA
1. In a regular polygon, the interior angle and the exterior angle are in the ratio
interior : exterior = 11 : 1 Find the number of sides of this regular polygon?
2. Simplify

5x2 − 19x + 12
x2 − 9

3. Factorise completely

(a) 3y 3 − 12yx2 (c) a2 − b2 − a + b

(b) 2p2 − 3pq − 2q 2 + 2q − p (d) 3x2 − 10x − 8

4. Write as a single fraction in its simplest form.

2x2 + 14x
   
4
÷
2x − 3 2x2 + 11x − 21

5. Simplify

(a) 4
+ 2 ( 25 ×10 125 )+9 34
x−y y−x (c) 12 11 ×2 12
13
 
x2 −9
(b) x−3


3m ×9m−2
x−1
÷ x+1 (d) 27m−1

6. In the formulae below,make y the subject

(a) (c) z = x −
3y+a p
p
2y+b
= q
x2 + y 2

(b) ay+b
cy+d
= 7
11

7. Simplify the following

x3 +5x2 2m2 +m−6
(a) 4
y−5
+ 3
y−2
(b) m−2
m2 +m−6
(c) x2 −25
(d) m2 −4

8. (a) If m ∗ n = m2 − n2 and aψb = b−a

2
,nd the value of y such that yψ(4 ∗ 2) = 2
√
(b) Given m ∗ n = m2 − n, nd (5 ∗ 9) ∗ 7
9. (a) Use the substitution method to solve the following pair of simultaneous equations

5a − 34 = 3b
3a − 4b − 16 = 0

(b) A total of 162 guests can be transported when a hired taxi makes 3 trips and the bus
makes 2 trips. 250 guests can be transported when the taxi makes 5 trips and the bus
makes 3 trips. Find the carrying capacity of each vehicle
10. (a) Find the value of m when 134m = 54eight

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 3

All Rights Reserved
 (b) Solve the following equations:
i.
25
x+2=
x+2

ii.
5 1 6
− =
x+1 x x+4

11. Copy and complete the table below for the graph y = (x + 2)(4 − x)

x −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
(x + 2)
(4 − x) 8
y −7 0

(a) On the same axes ,draw the graphs of y = (x + 2)(4 − x)

(Use a scale of 2cm:1unit on x-axis and 2cm:1unit on y-axis)
(b) Use your graph to solve the equation (x + 2)(4 − x) = 0
12. Draw on the same coordinate axes the graph of y = 2x2 − 3x + 1 and y = 2x + 1 for
−3 ≤ x ≤ 4.
(a) Using your graph ,determine the points of intersection of y = 2x2 −3x+1 and y = 2x+1
(b) Use your graph to nd the root of 2x2 − 3x + 1 = 0
13. Find the values of x and y

3x + 2y

x+y 9

22

14. (a) A right angled triangle has a base length ycm and a height of (y − 1)cm.If its area is
15cm2 , calculate the base length and height
(b) A rectangular room is 4 metres wider than it is high and it is 8 metres longer than it
is wide.The total area of the walls is 512 square metres.Find the width of the room.
(c) Find two numbers whose sum is 42 and whose dierence is 12
(d) A grand father is ten times older than his grand daughter .He is also 54 years older
than her.How old is each of them
15. (a) Solve the equation
4
x−2=
x−3

4 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 q 2
(b) Find the value of x
y
when x = 64 3 and y = 3−2

16. (a) Solve the equation. 2x+5

3−x
= 14
15

(b) Solve the simultaneous equations.

m=4−n
n + 2m2 = 67
2

17. The gure below shows a quadratic curve,nd the equation of the curve

y − axis
11

10

0
x − axis
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

18. Express x2 + 2x − 8 in the form (x + a)2 − b hence solve the equation x2 + 2x − 8 = 0.

NUMERICAL CONCEPT
19. (a) Simplify

i. 2 log10 5 + log10 4 − log10 20 ii. log 400 + log 500 − log 200 + 1

(b) Simplify

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 5

All Rights Reserved
 5x+1 ×5−2x
−2
i. 5−x iv. 8 3
27
1 3 2
(6a2 b4 ) ×(2ab)3
ii. 27 3 ×16 4
1 v.
92 12ab6 b8
√
3
iii. 3n ×9n−2
27n−1
vi. x
5 × x2
x− 6

(c) Solve the simultaneous equations:

log4 (2x + y) = 2
log3 (5x + 3y) = 2

(d) Use logarithms to work out the following

q
i. 87.44×44.5
0.356 iii. 3 0.8214×30.48
68.6

ii. 0.462÷34.5
0.64×54.6

1
(e) Given that log a = 1.699 and log b = 1̄.913.Evaluate log a2 b 3
20. (a) Simplify the following
√ √ √
(i) 2 27 + 2 12 (iv) √4 243
√
13 75− 363
√ √ √ √ √ √
(ii) 2 + 8 − 32 (v) 50 − 98
72 +
√ √ √ √ √ √
(iii) 8 + 18 + 50 (vi) 75 + 2 12 − 27

√
(b) Express the following in the form a + b c ,hence state the values of a,b and c
√ √
i. 3+√2
3− 2
iii. √ 4 2√
12+ 8
√ √
ii. 1−√3
2− 3
iv. √ 7√
7+ 5

(c) Evaluate
√ √
1+ 5 1− 5
√ + √
2+ 5 2− 5

21. (a) Without using a calculator ,simplify:

i. 8 34 ÷ 1 31 + 2 56

1 51 +4 12 ÷1 12
ii. 3 35 −2 25 ×1 14

iii. 1 35 ÷ 2 32 × 1 54 ÷ 3516
+ 17

iv. 32 of 1 13 + 1 41

v. 1 12 − 8 21 ÷ 2 12 ÷ 1 51 of 1 14 + 53

(b) Two taps A and B ,together can ll water in a tank in 6 minutes .Tap A alone takes 5
minutes longer to ll the tank than tap B alone .How many minutes does it take tap
B alone to ll the tank.

6 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
22. (a) Express 2.014545 · · · in the form M B
A
hence nd A ÷ M
(b) Convert the following recurring decimals into fractions

i. 0.555 · · · iv. 2.68

ii. 0.1555 · · · v. 0.54̇
iii. 0.5̇9̇ vi. 5.4676767 · · ·

23. Two lighthouses can be seen from the top of a hill. The rst ashes once every 8 seconds
,and the other ashes once every 15 seconds .If they ash simultaneously ,how long is it
until they ash again at the same time.
1
(y 2 ) 6
24. (a) Evaluate 1 when x=16 and y=8
(9x) 2
3 1
(b) Solve for x in 32 5 ÷ x 2 = 2

COORDINATE GEOMETRY
25. A is the point (0, 4) and B is the point (8, 0). The line L1 is parallel to the x-axis. The line
L2 passes through A and B.

(a) Write down the equation of L1 .

(b) Write down the equation of L2 in the form y = mx + c .
(c) C is the point (2, 3). The line L3 passes through C and is perpendicular to L2 .Find
the equation L3
(d) L3 crosses the x-axis at D.Find the length of CD.
26. A line has gradient −2
3
and its x-intercept is 6. It cuts the y-axis at point P. determine the :
(a) equation of the line
(b) coordinates of P.
27. (a) Find the equation of the line passing through (5, 5) and is parallel to the line 5−y = −3x
(b) Find the equation of the line passing through (2,1) and perpendicular to the line
4y + 7 + 3x = 0

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 7

All Rights Reserved
 28. A line L1 passes through the points (−2, 5) and (5, 3).
(a) Determine the equation of the line L1
(b) A nother line L2 is perpendicular to L1 and also passes through the point (−2, 5).Find
the equation of L2
29. Work out the :

4
A
3

1
B
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-1

(a) the distance AB

(b) the equation of a line AB
(c) the equation of the line perpendicular to line AB that passes through (−2, −1)

STATISTICS
30. (a) Stephen's mean mark on ve tests is 80.His marks on four of these tests are 68, 81, 74
and 89.Work out his mark on the fth test.
(b) The mean of the numbers m, 3, 2, n, 6, 4, 8 and 7 is 6 .If m is doubled the mean becomes
7.Find the values of m and n
(c) The ages of children who were treated in a day at a clinic are shown in the table below

Age(years) 2 3 5 8 n
Number of children 1 1 2 1 3

Their mean age was 7 years .Find the value of n

31. The table below shows the ages of 40 people treated for Malaria at a health centre

11 16 21 28 33 37 41 45 47 41
27 33 32 43 31 34 10 20 21 36
26 22 22 17 12 14 18 48 42 38
23 23 18 24 21 16 22 23 32 31

8 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 (a) Construct a frequency table starting with the class 10 − 14
(b) Use the frequency table to calculate the:
(i) Mean age of the people treated for Malaria
(ii) Median age of the people treated for Malaria
(iii) Modal age
32. The Histogram below shows the heights of tomatoes to be transplanted in a garden.

16

14

12

10

Frequency 8

0
20.5 23.5 26.5 29.5 32.5 35.5 38.5 41.5

Heights

(a) Using the histogram above ,estimate the mode.

(b) Using the Histogram construct a frequency distribution and use it to calculate
(i) The mean height.
(ii) The median height.

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 9

All Rights Reserved
 33. The Ogive below shows the points obtained by the students in the HeLP mathematics quiz.

70

Cumulative frequency

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
119.5 124.5 129.5 134.5 139.5 144.5 149.5 154.5
Class boundaries

(a) Using the Ogive , estimate the median points.

(b) Using the O give construct a frequency distribution and use it to calculate
(i) The mean points.
(ii) The modal points
34. The mode of 3, 10, 8, 4, 4, 11, y, 3, 12 is 3.Find

(a) the value of y (b) the mean

10 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
35. The masses of 50 babies born in Buikwe hospital were recorded as below:

Mass(kg) Number of babies

2.0 − 2.4 4
2.5 − 2.9 6
3.0 − 3.4 10
3.5 − 3.9 12
4.0 − 4.4 9
4.5 − 4.9 4
5.0 − 5.4 3
5.5 − 5.9 2

(a) Calculate the :

i. Mean mass

ii. Median mass

(b) Draw a histogram and use it to estimate the modal mass of the babies

36. The table below shows the distribution of weights of a certain type of fruit

Weights(grams) Cummulative Frequency

7−9 5
10 − 12 12
13 − 15 26
16 − 18 42
19 − 21 48
22 − 24 50

(a) Draw a histogram of the data and use it to estimate the modal weight

(b) Using an assumed mean of 14.4 ,calculate the mean weight.

37. The table below shows the heights of plants to be transplanted into a garden measured in
centimetres

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8
2.7 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.9 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.8
3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.3
2.2 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.1
1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7

(a) Construct a frequency table starting with the class 1.0 − 1.4

(b) Use the frequency table to calculate the:

(i) Mean height

(ii) Median height

(iii) Modal height

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 11

All Rights Reserved
 VECTORS
38. (a) Given the vectors OA= 12
,OB= 4
.Find



16 1

(i) BA
(ii) |BA|
(b) The position vectors of P and Q are 15
and 5
respectively .Find the magnitude of



−6 4
PQ
39. Given that AO= −2
,OB= 8
and X is a point on AB such that AX : XB = 1 : 1,Find



2 4

(a) AB
(b) AX
40. In triangle ABC . L,M and N are the mid point of BC ,CA and AB respectively. AM
=a,AN=b and 3AG=2AL.
(a) Express in terms of vectors a and b the vector

i. AB ii. AC iii. BC iv. BG v. GM

(b) Show that B,G and M lie on a straight line and that 3BG = 2BM
41. OPQR is a rectangle and O is the origin. M is the midpoint of RQ and PT : TQ =2 : 1.
OP = p and OR = r.

(a) Find, in terms of p and/or r, in its simplest form

i. M Q
ii. M T
iii. OT
(b) RQ and OT are extended and meet at U.Find the position vector of U in terms of p
and r. Give your answer in its simplest form.
(c) M T = −k2k
and |M T | = 180.Find the positive value of k

12 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
42. In triangle ABC,shown below ,AB=a,AC=b .Point M lies on AB such that AM:MB=2 : 3
and point N lies on AC such that AN:NC=5 : 1 ,line BN intersects line MC at X.

A
N
M
X

C B

(a) Express the following in terms of a and b.

(i) BN

(ii) CM

(b) Given that BX=kBN and CX=rCM where k and r are scalars.Write two dierent
expressions for AX in terms of a,b,k and r

(c) Find the values of k and r

43. (a) Show that A(-3,-2), B(3,1) and C(5,2) lie on a straight line.

(b) If r= 13 ,s= −4
3
and t= 24 ,nd

i. r + s iii. |2r|
ii. s − t iv. |3s + 2t|

44. OAB is a triangle in which OA = a, OB = b. Points C and E divide lines OA and AB in

the ratios 1 : 2 and 3 : 1 respectively. Point D lies on OE such that OD = 2DE .

(a) Find in terms of a and b vectors:

(i) AB

(ii) OE

(iii) CB

(b) Show that B, D and C are collinear.

45. In a triangle OAB, OA = a , OB = b, P and Q are points on OA and AB respectively

such that 3OP = PA, AQ = 2QB and N is the midpoint of OQ. ANM is a straight line
which is such that AN = 5NM. Given also that OM =hOB, where h is a scalar.

(a) Express the following vectors in terms of a and b

(i) OQ (iii) PN
(ii) AN (iv) NB

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 13

All Rights Reserved
 (b) Show that the points P, N and B are collinear

(c) Find the value of h.

46. O is the origin and OPQR is a parallelogram SOP is a straight line with SO = OP TRQ
is a straight line with TR = RQ STV is a straight line and ST : TV = 2 : 1 OR = a and
OP = b

(a) Find, in terms of a and b, in its simplest form,

i. the position vector of T

ii. RV

(b) Show that PT is parallel to RV

47. Given the vectors AB= −2

7
,BC= 43 ,and CD= −6
,nd




11

(a) AD

(b) |AD|

48. In triangle ABC ,the mid points of BC ,AC and AB are L,M and N respectively.AM=a
and AN=b.Point G lies on AL such that 3AG = 2AL
−→ −−→ −−→ −−→
(a) i. AB ii. BC iii. BG iv. GM

(b) Show that the points B,G and M are collinear

RATIOS AND PROPORTIONS

49. A recipe for making 20 biscuits uses 150 g our, 125 g butter and 50 g sugar.

(a) Write the ratio our : butter : sugar in its simplest form.

(b) Work out the amount of our, butter and sugar needed to make 50 biscuits.

(c)

50. Two solids are mathematically similar and have volumes 81 cm3 and 24 cm3 The surface
area of the smaller solid is 44 cm2 . Calculate the surface area of the larger solid.

51. An aircraft carries fuel in three tanks whose capacities are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5.The capacity
of the smallest tank is 720 litres .Calculate

14 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 (a) the capacity of the largest tank

(b) the total capacity of the three tanks

52. (a) If (a + b) : (a − b) = 8 : 3 nd the ratio a : b

(b) y varies inversely as the square of (x + 2). When x = 4 , y = 0.5. Find y in terms of x.

53. The volume of wood in a tree(V) varies directly as the height(h) and inversely as the square
of the girth(g).If the volume of a tree is 144m3 when the height is 20m and the girth is
1.5m,what is the height of a tree with a volume of 1000m3 and girth of 2m.

54. y is inversely proportional to x

(a) Copy and complete the table below

x 1 2 4 8 16 32
y 2

(b) What is the value of x when y = 64

55. A food Aid agency carried out a survey to ascertain the average monthly expenditure on
food by a family in a certain urban centre. The expenses on food were found to be in two
parts: A constant expenditure and another part varying as the square of the number of
children in the family. A family of 3 children needed Sh 190,000 while that of 5 children
needed Sh 310,000.

(a) Write down an expression for the total expenditure on food spent per month by a
family with n children.

(b) What is the monthly expenditure for;

(i) A childless family?

(ii) A family with four children?

(c) How many children are in a family which needs an average expenditure of Sh 392,500?

56. A quantity p varies jointly as q and r. When p = 36, q = 2 and r = 6. Find the:

(i) equation connecting p, q and r

(ii) value of p when q = 0.5 and r = 10

(iii) value of r when q = 4 and p = 60

57. Six people can dig a trench in 8 hours.

(a) How long would it take:

(i) 4 people

(ii) 12 people

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 15

All Rights Reserved
 BUSINESS MATH
58. A house was bought at Shs 150,000. In the rst year, its value appreciated by 25%, in the
second year by 10% but dropped by 20% in the third year. Find its value after 3 years

59. A cash discount of 15% is allowed on a colour TV set with a marked price of Sh.900,000.
Hire purchase terms are: a deposit of 30%, and 12 monthly installments of Sh.65,000.
Find the percentage prot made on the hire purchase scheme over the cash payment.

60. (a) A black book was sold at UGX 19,000 making a loss of 5%.At what price should it
have been sold to gain 5% prot

(b) Mr Kaziba deposited UGX 2,000,000 on xed deposit account at a compound interest
of 20% per annum for four years.Calculate the

(i) Amount on his xed deposit acccount after four years

(ii) Interest he earned after the four years.

61. A man borrowed Shs 15.6 million from a bank at a simple interest rate of 15% per annum.
He has to repay the loan within 2 years in equal weekly instalments. Calculate the:

(a) interest he paid to the bank

(b) total amount to be paid

62. (a) A Techno smart phone was bought on hire purchase. A deposit of 50,000 was paid and
a 15 monthly installments of UGX. 15,000 was required.

i. Calculate the total amount paid on hire purchase.

ii. If the hire purchase price is 20% higher than the cash price, nd the cash price

(b) The price of a secondhand laptop is UGX 800,000.It can be bought on hire purchase
terms by making a deposit of 40% of the cash price and then 10 monthly installments
of UGX 75000 per month.

i. Find the cost of the laptop on hire purchase terms

ii. How much more does one pay on hire purchase rather than cash terms.

63. The table below shows the tax structure on taxable income of public servants working in a
certain country

Income per annum(Shs) Tax rate%

0 − 1, 200, 000 12.5
1, 200, 001 − 2, 400, 000 30.0
2, 400, 001 − 3, 600, 000 36.5
3, 600, 001 and above 45.0

A man's gross annual income is Shs 6,460,000.His allowances are:

Housing−Shs 125,000 per month
Marriage− 10
1
of his gross annual income
Medical− Shs 354,000 per annum

16 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 Transport− Shs 60,000 per month
Family allowances per annum for only 3 children are as follows
Shs 25,000 for each child between 10 and 18 years
Shs 32,000 for each child below 9 years
He has to pay an insurance premium of Shs48,900 per annum
He has four children with two of them below eight years,one is 16 years and the oldest is 20
years.
Calculate:

(a) His taxable income

(b) Income tax paid annually

(c) Net Income

64. The table below shows the income tax rates of government employees

Taxable monthly income(Shs) Tax rate

100, 000 − 200, 000 10%
200, 000 − 300, 000 20%
300, 000 − 400, 000 30%
400, 000 − 500, 000 40%
500, 000 and over 55%

An employee who pays sh.69526 as monthly income tax is entitled to the following al-
lowances.

- Marriage allowance:Shs126,500 per month

- Housing and transport:Shs105585 per month

- Medical care:Shs48,000 per month

Find his:

(a) Taxable income

(b) Gross monthly income

(b) Net monthly income

MATRICES
 
6 2x
65. (a) The determinant of the matrix is 24,nd the value of x .
5 x
   
2 5 −4
(b) Given thatA = ,B = ,C = 1 7 .Work out the following


3 9 2
(i) CB (ii) AB (iii) A2 (iv) L−1

    
4 1 x 4
66. Find the values of x andy such that =
x −1 y 8

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 17

All Rights Reserved
  
5 3
67. (a) Find the inverse of matrix and hence solve the simultaneous equations ;
2 2

5x + 3y = 7
2x + 2y = 2

 
1 −1
(b) The inverse matrix A =−1
;Find the matrix A and deduce
−1 12 2
AA−1 = I ,where I is a 2 × 2 identity matrix
     
1 2 −1 1 4 6
(c) Given that matrix P= ,Q= and R= .Find matrix T
4 5 3 2 10 15
such that T = P 2 + 3Q − R
     
3 4 −1
68. (a) Given that x= ,y= and z= .Find the values of a and b if ax+by = z
2 5 4
     
0 1 1 3 2 3
(b) Given that 4A+BC = N ,where A= ,B= and C= ,Find
−1 2 −2 2 3 −1
N
   
3 0 1 0
(c) Given that A= and B= .Find the value of k for which AB=BA
2 7 4 y
69. Stephen and Ronald went to Mega supermarket for shopping.Stephen bought 5kg of sugar,5
bars of soap ,8 counter books and 4 bottles of cooking oil.Ronald bought 8kg of sugar,4 bars
of soap and a dozen of counter books.The cost of sugar per kg was UGX.3500,a bar of soap
was UGX 6500 ,a counter book was UGX .5000 and a bottle of cooking oil was UGX.3500.

(a) Write down a

i. 2 × 4 matrix for the items purchased by the two people

ii. 4 × 1 matrix for the cost of each item

(b) Calculate the :

i. Expenditure of each person by matrix multiplication

ii. Total expenditure of both Stephen and Ronald

(c) Who spent more money and by how much did he spend than the other.

PROBABILITY AND SET THEORY

70. Blessed is playing a game with these six number cards.

18 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 (a) She takes two cards at random, without replacement, and multiplies the two numbers
to give a score.Find the probability that
i. the score is 35
ii. the score is a positive number.
(b) Blessed now takes three cards at random from the six cards, without replacement, and
adds the three numbers to give a total. Find the probability that her total is 5.
71. (a) Two fair dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability that the sum of the
scores is
(i) four
(ii) less than four
(iii) greater than seven
(b) A three digit number is formed using the digits 8, 5 and 7 without repeating any digit
in the number formed.
(i) Write down the possibility space for the numbers formed
(ii) Find the probability that the number formed is even
72. (a) Two fair, tetrahedral dice are rolled. If each is numbered 1−4,draw a two-way table to
show all the possible outcomes.
(b) What is the probability that both dice show the same number?
(c) What is the probability that the number on one dice is double the number on the
other?
(d) What is the probability that the sum of both numbers is prime?
73. A spinner is numbered as shown.

(a) If it is spun once, calculate the probability of getting a:

i. 1
ii. 2
(b) If it is spun twice, calculate the probability of getting a:
i. 2 followed by a 4
ii. 2 and 4 ,in any order,
iii. at least one 1,

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 19

All Rights Reserved
 74. A group of 40 people were asked whether they like cricket (C) and football (F). The number
liking both cricket and football was three times the number liking only cricket. Adding 3 to
the number liking only cricket and doubling the answer equals the number of people liking
only football. Four said they did not like sport at all.
(a) Draw a Venn diagram to represent this information.
(b) Calculate ∩(C ∩ F ).
(c) Calculate ∩(C ∩ F 1 ).
(d) Calculate n(C 1 ∩ F ).
75. Box A and box B each contain blue and green pens only.Erisa picks a pen at random from
box A and Winnie picks a pen at random from box B.The probability that Erisa picks a
blue pen is 23 .The probability that both Erisa and Winnie pick a blue pen is 15
8
.
(a) Find the probability that Winnie picks a blue pen.
(b) Find the probability that both Erisa and Winnie pick a green pen.
76. x is an integer.

 = {x : 41 ≤ x ≤ 50}
A = {x : x is an odd number}
B = {x : x is a multiple of 3}
C = {x : x is a prime number}

(a) Complete the Venn diagram to show this information.

(b) List the elements of

i. A ∩ C
ii. (B ∪ C)1
(c) Find ∩ (A ∩ B ∩ C)

20 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION
77. The diagram shows the positions of three ships A, B and C. AC = 17.6 km, BC = 12.8 km
and angle BAC = 250 . The bearing of C from B is 1120 and angle ABC is obtuse.

Calculate the bearing of B from A.

78. The diagram shows the positions of three points A, B and C in a eld.

(a) Calculate the length BC,correct to 4 signicant gures

(b) Calculate angle ABC.

(c) The bearing of C from A is 1470 .Find the bearing of

i. A from B,

ii. B from C.

(d) Kaziba takes 35 seconds to run from A to C. Calculate his average running speed in
kilometres per hour.

79. Police men on a helicopter leave the police headquarters H on a bearing of 0300 to station
M which is 100km away .When they reached a station M they got a radio call instructing
them to y on a bearing of 1200 to assist a family F, attacked by robbers which is 200km
from M.

(a) Using a scale of 1cm to represent 25km,draw a scale diagram to show the route of
the helicopter.

(b) From your diagram ,Find

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 21

All Rights Reserved
 (i) The distance of F from the head quarters H ,giving your answer to the nearest km
(ii) The bearing of F from H
(iii) The bearing of M from F
80. A plane ies from airport P due North for 300km to airport R. It then ies on a bearing of
2950 for 200km to air strip Q. From there it ies on a bearing of 0900 for 500km to air strip
S
(a) Use a scale of 1cm to represent 50km, draw an accurate diagram to show the route of
the plane.
(b) Find the distance between S and R.
81. Using a pair of compasses ,ruler and pencil only,construct a triangle ABC in which AB=10cm,
∠ABC=600 and ∠CAB=450 .
(a) Measure and state lengths AC and BC
(b) Circumscribe triangle ABC
(c) Measure and state the radius of the circle
(d) Calculate the area of the circle
(e) Calculate the perimeter(circumference) of the circle
82. (a) Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only ,construct triangle ABC for which angle
ABC =1500 ,AB =7.5cm and BC =8cm.
(b) Draw a circle passing through the vertices of triangle ABC
(c) State the radius of the circle ,hence calculate the area of a circle
83. If A is north of B, C is southeast of B and on a bearing of 1600 from A, nd the bearing of:
(a) A from B
(b) A from C

TRIGONOMETRY
84. Given that cos θ = − 17
8
for 1800 < θ < 3600 , nd the value of:
(a) sin θ
(b) tan θ
(c) sin2 θ + cos2 θ
85. (a) Solve 3(2 + cos x) = 5 for 00 ≤ x ≤ 3600 .
(b) Given that 3 sin β + 2 = 0 for 1800 < β < 3600 , nd the two possible values of β
86. Without using tables or calculators, evaluate leaving your answers in rational surd form.

22 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 cos 600 +sin 600
(a) tan 600
(c) sin 300 + 3 cos 300
1+sin 600 1+sin 450
(b) 1−sin 600
(d) 1−cos 450

87. The diagram shows triangle ABC with point G inside. CB = 11 cm, CG = 5.3 cm and BG
= 6.9 cm. Angle CAB = 420 and angle ACG = 540 .

(a) Calculate the value of x.

(b) Calculate AC.

88. In triangle ABC, angle ACB = 400 , BC = 6cm and AC = 6cm. Find the area of the
triangle.

89. Draw a graph of y = 3 cos x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 3600 using intervals of 600

(use a scale of 1cm : 300 on the x-axis and 2cm : 1 unit on the y-axis).
Use your graph to solve the equation 3 cos x = 0

90. A boat sets o on a trip from S. It heads towards B, a point 6 km away and due north. At
B it changes direction and heads towards point C, 6 km away from and due east of B. At C
it changes direction once again and heads on a bearing of 1350 towards D, which is 13 km
from C.

(a) Calculate the distance between S and C to the nearest 0.1 km.

(b) Calculate the distance the boat will have to travel if it is to return to S from D.

91. Two planes are ying directly above each other. A person standing at P can see both of
them. The horizontal distance between the two planes and the person is 2 km. If the angles
of elevation of the planes from the person are 650 and 750 , calculate:

(a) the altitude at which the higher plane is ying,

(b) the vertical distance between the two planes.

FUNCTIONS
92. f (x) = 10 − x ,g(x) = x2 , x 6= 0, h(x) = 2x ,j(x) = 5 − 2x

(a) Find

i. g( 12 )

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 23

All Rights Reserved
 ii. hg( 12 )
(b) Find x when f (x) = 7
(c) Find x when g(x) = h(3)
(d) Find j −1 (x)
(e) Write f (x) + g(x) + 1 as a single fraction in its simplest form.
(f) (f (x))2 − f f (x) = ax2 + bx + c Find the values of a, b and c.
(g) Find x when h−1 (x) = 10.
93. If f(x) = 5 − 2x and g(x)=x2 + 8
(a) f f (−3)
(b) Find
(i) g(2x)
(ii) f −1 (x)
y 2 −1
94. If h(y)= y+1
, nd:

(a) h(0) (b) h(2) (c) h(−4) (d) h(−5)

95. The function h(x) = 12 x2 + p and h(−2) = 6. Find the value of p.

96. Given that f (x) = 1
x2 −4x+4
and ,nd
(a) f (0)
(b) the value of x for which f (x) is undened
97. Given that f (x) = 8x + 5 and g(x) = 3x − 5,nd

(a) f g(x) (b) f g(2) (c) gf (x) (d) gf (2)

98. Given that f (x) = ax2 + bx, f (1) = 6 and f (−2) = 12,nd:
(a) the values of a and b
(b) f (−2)
99. Find the unknown values in the arrow diagram for the mapping x −→ 2x + 3

x → 2x + 3

−1 p

a 11

1 c

q 13
D R

24 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
100. (a) Given that h(x) = 2x2 + 1 and g(x) = 5x − 1,evaluate

i. h(−2) ii. h(4) iii. hg(2)

(b) Given that f (x) = 11x+3

2x−7
.Find f −1 (x)
101. Given that g(x) = 2
x2 −1
,nd
(i) g −1 (x)
(ii) g −1 ( 15
2
)
102. Given that h(x) = 6x − 5 ,f −1 = 2−3x
5x
.Find
(i) f (x)
(ii) f h(x)

CIRCLE PROPERTIES
103. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, ABX is a straight line and PQ is a tangent to the circle at
A.Angle CBX = 850 , angle BAQ = 550 and angle CAD = 420 Find:

(a) angle CBD (b) angle ACB (c) angle ADC (d) angle BCD (e) angle PAD

104. A, B and C are points on the circle, centre O. DE is a tangent to the circle at C. AC = 10
cm , AB = 9 . 5 cm and BC = 7 . 7 cm .

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 25

All Rights Reserved
 (a) Calculate angle ABC .Correct to 1 d.p.
(b) Find

i. angle AOC ii. angle ACO iii. angle ACD

(c) Calculate the radius, OC, of the circle.

(d) Calculate the area of triangle ABC as a percentage of the area of the circle.
105. The diagram below shows a circle with diameter PQ. SPT is a tangent to the circle at P.
Find the value of y.

106. P, Q, R and S are points on a circle, centre O. QS is a diameter. Angle PRS = 420 and PQ
= 5.9 cm.

Calculate the circumference of the circle.

107. A, B and C are points on a circle. DE is a tangent to the circle at C. Angle BAC = 190 and
angle ACB = 930 .

Find the value of x.

26 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
108. A, B, C and D are points on a circle, centre O. Angle COD = 1240 and angle BCO = 350 .

Calculate the size of the angles

(a) CBD
(b) BAD
109. A, B and C are points on a circle. EF is a tangent to the circle at C. D is a point on AC.
Angle CBD : Angle ABD = 3 : 1.

Find angle ADB.

110. Calculate the marked angle in the following diagram:

111. In the gure below PS and PT are tangents to the circle at points T and S .Given ∠a=1400 .O
is the centre of the circle

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 27

All Rights Reserved
 T

B O a P

Find the size of angles TPS and TBS

TRANSFORMATIONS

112. (a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps

i. shape A onto shape B,

ii. shape A onto shape C,

iii. shape A onto shape D.

(b) On the grid, draw the image of shape A after a reection in the line y = x + 8 .

113. The diagram below shows three shapes that are mathematically similar. The heights of the
shapes are in the ratio small : medium : large = 1 : 5 : 8.

28 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 Find the ratio shaded area : total unshaded area. Give your answer in its simplest form.
114. The vertices R(0, 1), S(0, 3) and T (3, 1) of a triangle are mapped onto R1 , S 1 and T 1 by a
 
1 0
transformation matrix P= .
2 4
(a) Find the coordinates of the vertices of the image triangle R1 S 1 T 1
(b) Use the determinant of P to nd the ratio of the area of triangle RST to the area of
triangle R1 S 1 T 1
(c) Determine the matrix of transformation which maps R1 S 1 T 1 back onto RST
115. Triangle ABC has vertices A (−3, 0),B (0, 3) and C (3, 0). Find the coordinates of the points
A1 , B1 and C1 ,the images of A, B and C respectively, under a translation with displacement
vector 23

116. (a) Reect the triangle T in the graph a long the line x = 1 and write down the coordinates
of its image.

U 2

0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-1

-2

-3

T -4

-5

-6

(b) Draw the rotation of triangle T about (−2, −1) through 900 clockwise
(c) Describe fully the single transformation that maps triangle T onto triangle U
117. If the area
 of theimage of a rectangle PQRS is 30 square units under the transformation
3 2
matrix .Find the area of the object rectangle PQRS
−2 2

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 29

All Rights Reserved
118. A point A(−2,5) is reected in the line y = x which is shown on the graph

y axis

6
A
5

4 y=x

0
x axis
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
-1

-2

-3

-4

(a) Use the graph to show A1 the image of A

(b) State the coordinates of A1
119. A triangle PQR has vertices P(2, 1),Q(6, 4) and R(4, 5).PQR is mapped onto triangle P1 Q1 R1
with vertices at P1 (10, 3) ,Q1 (6, 0) and R1 (8, −1) under a rotation.P1 Q1 R1 is them mapped
 
−2
onto P11 Q11 R11 after a translation of .Find the;
1
(a) (i) Centre of rotation
(ii) Angle of rotation
(b) Coordinates of P11 ,Q11 and R11
120. Triangle ABC with vertices A(1,2) ,B(2,6) and C(4,2) is mapped onto triangle A1 B 1 C 1 by
a reection in the line y + x = 0 .Triangle
 A B C is then mapped onto triangle A B C
1 1 1 11 11 11

2 5
by a transformation whose matrix is
−4 −5
(a) Use I(1, 0) and J(0, 1) to nd the matrix of reection in the line y + x = 0
(b) Find the coordinates of
(i) A1 , B 1 and C 1
(ii) A11 , B 11 and C 11

30 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 KINEMATICS
121. The displacement-time graph below describes the journey of a train between two train
stations, A and B

Distance(Km)

120

80

40

A 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time(minutes)

(a) For how many minutes was the train at rest at B?

(b) Determine the average speed of the train, in kmh−1 on its journey from A to B.
(c) The train continued its journey away from stations A and B to another station C,
which is 50 km from B. The average speed on this journey was 60 kmh−1 . Calculate
the time, in minutes, taken for the train to travel from B to C.
(d) Draw the line segment which represents the journey of the train from B to C.
122. A car starts from rest ,accelerating at 3ms−2 for 10 seconds. It then continues at this velocity
for another 6 seconds and nally decelerates uniformly to rest in 4 seconds.
(a) Draw a velocity time graph for the motion of the car
(b) Using your graph ,determine the deceleration of the car
(c) Calculate the distance travelled by the car.
(d) Calculate the average speed .
123. Two towns A and B are 100km apart.A cyclist starts moving from A and heads towards
B at 20kmh−1 .At the same time ,a tractor travelling at 15kmh−1 sets o from town B and
heads towards A.At what time and distance from A does the cyclist meet the tractor.
124. Kampala and Gulu are 300km apart. A car moves from Kampala to Gulu and back. Its
average speed on the return journey is 30kmh−1 greater than that on the outward journey
and it takes 50 minutes less. Find the average speed of the outward journey

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 31

All Rights Reserved
 MENSURATION
125. The diagram shows a sketch of a eld planted with beans in form of a sector of a circle of
radius 3.8 cm.The arc length is 7.7 cm.

(a) Calculate the value of y.

(b) Calculate the area of the eld..

126. If the areas of this trapezium and parallelogram are equal, calculate x.

127. A cube and a cylinder have the same surface area. If the cube has an edge length of 6 cm
and the cylinder a radius of 2 cm, calculate:

(a) the surface area of the cube,

(b) the height of the cylinder.

128. The end view of a house is as shown in the diagram (below). If the door has a width and
height of 0.75 m and 2 m respectively, calculate the area of brickwork.

32 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
129. The capacity of a cylindrical tin is 2.763litres.Its height is 10.5cm.Find its radius
130. Two cuboids have the same surface area. The dimensions of one of them are: length = 3
cm, width = 4 cm and height = 2 cm. Calculate the height of the other cuboid if its length
is 1 cm and its width is 4 cm.
131. The gure below shows a cone used to scoop poultry feeds whose base radius is 5cm and
perpendicular height OV is 12cm.

12cm

B 5cm A
O

Calculate the
(a) slant height VB
(b) angle VAB
(c) Total surface area of the closed cone
(d) Volume of feeds scooped when cone is lled to the brim.
132. The diagram shows a sector of a circle with centre O, radius 8 cm and sector angle 1650 .

Calculate
(a) the total perimeter of the sector.
(b) the area of the sector is equal to the surface area of a given sphere .Calculate the radius
of the sphere.

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 33

All Rights Reserved
 (c) A cone is made from the sector by joining OA to OB.

i. Calculate the radius, r, of the cone.

ii. Calculate the volume of the cone.

THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY

133. The diagram shows a pyramid with a square base ABCD of side length 8 cm. The diagonals
of the square, AC and BD, intersect at M. V is vertically above M and VM = 10 cm.

Calculate
(a) the length AC
(b) slant height VB
(c) the angle between VA and the base.
(d) the angle between planes VBC and VAD

34 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
134. The diagram shows a pyramid with a square base ABCD The diagonals AC and BD intersect
at M The vertex V is vertically above M AB = 11 cm and AV = 18.6 cm

Calculate
(a) the length AC
(b) the height VM
(c) the angle AV makes with the base.
(d) the angle DVB
(e) the angle which the plane VBC makes with the base
135. The diagram shows a cube.The length of the diagonal AB is 8.5 cm.

Calculate
(a) the length of an edge of the cube.
(b) the angle between AB and the base of the cube.
136. The diagram shows a triangular prism. AB = 12 cm, BC = 6 cm, PC = 4 cm, angle BCP
= 900 and angle QDC =900 .

Calculate

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 35

All Rights Reserved
 (a) the length DP and AC
(b) the angle between AP and the rectangular base ABCD.
137. The gure below shows a cuboid

Calculate
(a) the length AC
(b) the length HB
(c) the angle ACE
(d) the angle between AH and the plane

LINEAR PROGRAMMING
138. Solve the inequality −3x − 6 ≤ x + 10 and represent the solution on a number line
139. (a) On the same co ordinate axes,plot the following inequalities and shade o the unwanted
region.

2x + 3y ≤ 12
y≤x
y≤4
x≥0
y≥0

(b) Use your graph to nd the integral values of x and y which give the minimum value
for 2x + 3y
140. Write down the inequality represented on the number line below: .

−8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

141. Solve the following inequalities and represent each solution on a number line:

(a) 5x + 7 < 3(x + 1) (d) 5x + 3 > −11 − 2x

(b) 2 − 3y
2
>y+3 (e) 3(x − 1) + 2(x − 1) ≤ 7x + 7
(c) 7(2 − x) + 1 ≤ 2(2x − 9)

36 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
142. Determine the inequality which is represented by the shaded region on the graph below
y

x
−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5
−1

−2

−3

−4

143. Judith has been sent to the nearby supermarket to buy some Apples and oranges . Apples
cost sh.500 each and oranges cost sh.250 each. She is given only sh.2000 to spend. She must
not buy more than 2 Apples and she must buy at least 4 oranges. She must also buy at
least 6 fruits all together because her family has 6 members.
(i) Write down 6 inequalities representing the above information
(ii) Plot these inequalities on the same axes and shade out the unwanted regions
(iii) List the possible combination of apples and oranges Judith can purchase.
(iv) Find how many apples and oranges should be purchased so as to minimize her expen-
diture while maximizing purchases.
144. A manufacturing company makes two models A and B of a product. Each piece of model
A requires 9 labour hours for fabricating and one labour hour for nishing. Each piece
of model B requires 12 labour hours for fabricating and 3 labour hours for nishing. For
fabricating and nishing,the maximum labour hours available are 180 and 30 respectively.
The company makes a prot of UGX.80,000 on each piece of model A and UGX 120,000 on
each piece of model B. If x and y are numbers of pieces of model A and model B respectively:
(a) Write down four inequalities to represent the given information
(b) Represent the inequalities on a graph
(c) Use the graph to nd the number of pieces of model A and model B that should be
manufactured to realize a maximum prot .Hence nd the maximum prot

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 37

All Rights Reserved
145. (a) Write down four inequalities dened by the shaded region

15

14

13

12

11

10

x
−2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
−1

−2

(b) Using the graph ,nd the integral values of x and y which give the maximum prot for
800000x + 45000y
END

38 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved
 Mathematical formula's

Quantity Formula
midpoint between A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 ). midpoint =( x1 +x 2
2 y1 +y2
, 2 )
length/distance between points A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 )
p
d = (x2 − x1 ) + (y2 − y1 )2
2

Gradient of A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 ) m = xy22 −y

−x1
1

−y1
Equation of line joining A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 ) y−y1
x−x1
= xy22 −x 1
Equation of a line y = mx + c,m=gradient,c=y-intercept
For two parallel lines i.e y1 = m1 x + c and y2 = m2 x + c m1 = m2
For two perpendicular lines i.e y1 = m1 x + c and y2 = m2 x + c m1 .m2 = −1
Addition of logarithms loga x + loga y = loga xy
Subtraction of logarithms loga x − loga y = loga xy
Power law loga xm = m loga x
Same base loga aP= 1 e.g log10 10 = 1
Mean x̄ = Pffx
P
Mean x̄ = A + Pffd d=x-A
Mode M = L1 + ( dP1d+d
1
2
)C
f
−CF
Median(second quartile) M = L1 + ( 2 Fm b )C
Magnitude/modulus of a vector A(x,y)
p
|A| = x2 + y 2
Compound interest formula A = P (1 + 100 r n
)
Appreciation formula r n
A = P (1 + 100 )
Depreciation formula A = P (1 − 100 r n
)
Hire purchase(H.P) H.P = Deposit + Total Installments
Taxable income(T.I) T.I = Gross income Tax free income.
Circumference of a circle C = 2πr or C=πd, d=2r
2
Area of a circle A = πr2 ,A = πd4
The length of arc L = 360θ
0 2πr

Area of sector θ
A = 3600 πr2
Total surface area of cuboid T.S.A = 2(lh + wh + lw)
Surface area of cube S.A = 6l2
Surface area of a open cone S.A = πrl
surface area of a closed cone S.A = πr(r + l)
Surface area of a sphere 4πr2
Surface area of a hemisphere 3πr2
Volume of the cylinder V = πr2 h
Volume of the cone V = 13 πr2 h
Volume of the sphere V = 43 πr3
Total angle sum of a polygon T.A.S = (n − 2)180,n=number of sides

1. The mean for ungrouped data is calculated using the formula

sum of data values
Mean =
number
P of values in the data
x
X=
n
2. The mean for grouped data is calculated using the formula
P
fx
Mean = P
f

S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023 39

All Rights Reserved
Mathematical formula's

Where x is the class mark and f is the frequency

3. The mean for grouped data when given an assumed means is calculated using the formula
P
fd
Mean = A + P
f

Where A is the assumed mean or working mean

d is the deviation given as d = x − A

4. For grouped data ,the median is calculated using

P
f
!
− CFb
Median = L1 + 2
×C
fm

Where

L1 = Lower class boundary of the median class

CFb = Cummulative frequency before the median class
fm = frequency within the median class
C = Class width
X
f = Total frequency

5. For grouped data with equal class width the mode is calculated using
 
d1
Mode = L1 + ×C
d1 + d2

Where

L1 = Lower class boundary of the modal class

d1 = Modal frequency −Pre modal frequency
d2 = Modal frequency −Post modal frequency
C = Class width

(a) The modal class corresponds to the class with the highest frequency

40 S.4 Virtual Seminar c 2023

All Rights Reserved