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    This document discusses how various geological forces shape landforms over time, including orogenic forces forming mountain ranges, and external agents like water, wind, temperature changes, and human activity further influencing relief patterns through processes such as fluvial erosion, glacial erosion, aeolian transport, and human land use.

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    Punto 4 Completo

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    This document discusses how various geological forces shape landforms over time, including orogenic forces forming mountain ranges, and external agents like water, wind, temperature changes, and human activity further influencing relief patterns through processes such as fluvial erosion, glacial erosion, aeolian transport, and human land use.

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    This document discusses how various geological forces shape landforms over time, including orogenic forces forming mountain ranges, and external agents like water, wind, temperature changes, and human activity further influencing relief patterns through processes such as fluvial erosion, glacial erosion, aeolian transport, and human land use.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    4 views1 page

    Punto 4 Completo

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    PEPE CISER
    This document discusses how various geological forces shape landforms over time, including orogenic forces forming mountain ranges, and external agents like water, wind, temperature changes, and human activity further influencing relief patterns through processes such as fluvial erosion, glacial erosion, aeolian transport, and human land use.

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    4 The shaping of landforms

    Orogenic forces from inside the Earth can form huge mountain ranges. Over time, external agents shape
    landforms, further influencing Earth's relief.

    Water

    • Karst relief forms when water dissolves' through permeable rock. On the surface, this can create landforms
    such as canyons and sinkholes. Below the surface, the water can create caves with stalactites (cone-shaped
    formations on ceilings) and stalagmites (cone-shaped formations on floors).

    • Fluvial relief forms when the moving water of rivers erode2 rock.

    • Glacial relief forms when large masses of ice move across high mountain and polar regions. This slow-
    moving ice leaves U-shaped valleys as it erodes and transports rock across the land.

    Wind

    • Wind creates aeolian relief when it picks up and transports grains of sand and blows them against rocky
    surfaces. Sand dunes are also aeolian landforms.

    Temperature

    As a result, frequent and sudden changes in temperature can create cracks and fractures in rock.

    Humans

    • Humans also shape the land with their actions.

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