Comprehension Kranti Book (Demo PDF

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 Author - Prashant Solanki

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Author’s acknowledgments:
I am grateful to all the people who helped me with the preparation of this
book. I owe a particular debt to my family especially to my wife who
supported me wholeheartedly in this endeavor.I wouldn’t have even
thought of it without the support extended by Vikramjeet Sir who is not
less than my elder brother. I am equally indebted to my friends, Sagar
and Rudra, who read all the material in draft, and whose detailed
comments and suggestions substantially improved the book. The hard
work that my whole team put in cannot go unnoticed so I want to thank
all of my team, Satyendra, Sampuran Rao, Ravi Kumar, Satyam, Anjali
and others. I’d also like to thank my typists, Shivani and Sunil in
particular, who really worked hard to complete the book.
Most importantly I would like to express my gratitude and love to my
students for the faith they have in me, for the love they shower on me,
and for everything that shaped me as a person and as a teacher. Actually
they are the ones who motivated me to write this book..
Prashant Solanki
Comprehension Økafr gh D;ksa i<+sa\
Comprehension Økafr ,dek=k ,slh fdrkc gS ftlesa cloze test, comprehension passage vkSj sentence
rearrangement dks ckjhdh ls le>k;k x;k gS vkSjconcepts lHkh dksexam esa dSls iz;ksx djuk gS ;g Hkh crk;k x;k gSA
Økafr book u fliZQ theory cover djrh gS cfYd cgqr lkjk practice material Hkh fdrkc esa fn;k x;k gSA ds fy, lHkh
Practice
latest previous year questions fn, x, gSa vkSj lkFk gh lkFk cgqr lkjs questions Hkh fn, x, gaSA
expected
bl fdrkc dh lcls [kkl ckr ;g gS fd blesa gjquestion dksdetail esaexplain fd;k gS fd dkSu&lk option lgh gS vkSj oks D;ksa
lgh gS vkSj ckdh options lgh D;ksa ugha gS lkFk students
gh lkFk dks gksus okys confusions dks Hkh vPNs ls fd;k gSA
clear
bl fdrkc dks vki exma ls igys grammar ds quick revision ds fy, use dj ldrs gSa D;ksafd blesa complete Grammar
dksBrief esa fn;k gSA blesa fy[kh xbZ ,d&,d ckr cgqrgS vkSj
logical exam ds latest pattern ds fglkc ls gSA
;s ,d ,slh fdrkc gS ftldks i<+rs le; vidks ,slkfeel gksxk tSlk vkiclassroom esa cSBs gks vkSj ,d vkidks i<+k jgk gksA
teacher
vDlj i<+rs&i<+rsstudents bore gksus yxrs gSa vkSj uhan vkus yxrh gS vkidk
interest cuk jgs vkSj vki
fresh feel djrs gq, i<+kbZ
djsa bl fy, geus120+ 'Rankers' Mantra' fn, gSa ftlesa geus dqN jkspd points fn, gSA
Comprehension esa vkt dy indirect and logical questions iwNs tkrs gS tSls] main idea, suitable title, tone,
inference source, etc. bu lHkh dks i<+us dsstudents
fy, ds ikl u ds cjkcj content gS exj Økafr fdrkc esa bu lHkh ij foLrkj
esa ppkZ dh xbZ gS vkSj budh ds fy, cgqr lkjkmaterial fn;k x;k gSA
practice
Option elimination technique tks fd cloze test ds fy, ,d jkecka.k rjhdk gS dks bl fdrkc esa csgn [kwclwjr rjhds ls le>k
x;k gSA
bl fdrkc esa dqN ,sls rjhds crk, x, gSa ftuls exam
vki esa cgqr lkjk time cpk ldrs gSaA
Reading esa interest develop djkus ds fy, bl fdrkc esa dqN jkspd dgkfu;k¡ vkSj thinking based questions fn,
critical
x, gSaA
bl book dks bl rjg ls cuk;k x;k gS fd blls u fliQZ vkidh English improve gksxh cfYd vkidh over all lkspus dh {kerk ;kuh
logical ability cgqrimprove gksxhA
T;knk ls T;knk iQk;nk ysus newspaper
ds fy, dks dSls i<+k tk, vkSj D;k i<+k tk, ;s lc vPNs ls le>k;k gSA mantra
Rankers'
uke dh ,d xtc dh pht fn, gS book esaA
tksconcepts geus fn, gStheory part esa mUgha dh enn lsquestions lkjs dksexplain Hkh fd;k gSA
Why comprehension Krnati:-
 Latest content
 Best explanation
 Relevant content
 Bilingual Explanation
 Detailed Theory
Preface to Comprehension Økafr
For years now Reading Comprehension has been the most important part
of English in any exam and its weightage has been on the rise of late.
Ultimately, it's becoming the deciding factor of Selection, and yet very few
books that provide relevant content have been written on Comprehension.
Thus, this has been the most worrisome part for students. The purpose of
this book is to provide the best content to the learners, and hence, we have
kept this book quite student friendly and all the approaches are completely
exam oriented. This book includes all the important concepts and tricks
that can help students master reading comprehension and save time during
the exam. It also includes all the latest TCS questions and a lot of other
practice questions with detailed and easy to understand bilingual
explanations. We do believe that learning these approaches and tools in the
way that we have compiled in this book will help the students to develop a
skill within themselves to solve the comprehension questions fast enough
to save time. We have divided this book into three major sections (namely:-
Cloze test, Comprehension Passage and PQRS) and mentioned special
approaches in each section that will be helpful for the specific types of
questions. Hindi medium students are the ones whom Comprehension
Section of English haunts the most, therefore we have tried to explain every
word in this book in Hindi but we are very much aware that only Hindi
meanings and explanations can sometimes create confusion, so we have
tried to keep it bilingual all the way so that everyone can understand the
actual intended context.
As helping students has been the sole purpose of all my endeavours, it
hasn’t changed with this one either and to fulfill this purpose we shall be
providing video lectures explaining each and every concept mentioned in
the book on our YouTube Channel, Rankers' xq:oqQy .
Yours
Prashant Solanki
INDEX
Section
A
Cloze Test 1-263
1. Introduction
2. Approaches for Solving Cloze Test
3. Vocabulary & Collocation
4. Grammar
5. Practice Questions
Section
B
Comprehension Passage 264-386
1. Introduction
2. Approaches for Solving Unseen Passages
3. Main Idea, Suitable Title & Theme of Passages
4. Tone/Type/Context of Passages
5. Source of Passages
6. Inference & Conclusion
7. Reading Boosters
Section
C
Sentence Rearrangement 387-481
1. Introduction
2. Para-Jumble
3. Sentence-Jumble
Cloze Test
01
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
Cloze Test ,d ,slh exercise gS] ftlesa ,dpara- igys vklku vkSj jkspd phtksa dks i<+uk tSlspkfg,
NksVh&NksV
graph fn;k gksrk bl gSAparagraph esa oqQN blanks (missing dgkfu;k¡]NCERT Books, etc. mlls Reading dh vknr yxsxh A
words) fn;s tkrs gS ftUgsa
fill djuk gksrk gSA
SSC exam ds fy, ,d ckj Reading dh vknr yxrs ghs vki dwn&dwn dj
English
Cloze test ,d cgqr t:jh section gSA i<+ksaxsThevkSj
Hindu Editorial d ks
Hkh Ik<+ksxs
but dqN le; ckn
 vkf[kj "Cloze Test" Exams esa D;ksa iwNs tkrs gSa\ 2. Reading dksenjoy djsa]exams esa ikl gksus ds fy, ;k
English esa vPNs number ykus ds fy,] fdlhtool dh rjg
Cloze test dk vyx&vyx exams esa iwNs tkusmain dk bLrseky uk djsaA vxj reading
vki dksenjoy djsaxsa] rks vki
reason ;s gS fd vkidsvocabulary ds usage dks]grammar dh
vklkuh ls blesafull marks yk ik;saxsA
knowledge dks vkSj vkidh reading ability dkstest fd;k tk ldsA
3. vki bls dksbZ Hkh ubZdks tkuus ds fy, ;k oqQN u;k lh[kus
story
Cloze test, comprehension vkSjfill in the blanks dk ,d
ds mís'; ls i<+uk 'kq: djsaA
combination gksrk gS] ftlesa vkidh skills
rhuksadks ,d lkFktest
fd;k tkrk gSA 4. dksf'k'k djsa fd tks Hkh i<+saesa i<+sa]
English blls vkidh reading
 Why do we need to be good at reading? cgqrimprove gksxhA tSlscricket
eq>s cgqr ilan gS rks start-
ing esa tc eSa
Cricbuzz ij live commentary i<+rk Fkk rks
ijh{kkFkhZ viuk T;knkrj le;
passage dks i<+us esa yxk nsrs gSaA
vxj mudhreading speed vPNh gks rks os lHkh viuk le; cpkdj fnDdr gksrh Fkh ysfdu èkhjs&èkhjs lc le> vkus yxk vkSj m
reading improve gqbZA
nwljs iz'uksa esa yxk ldrs gSaA
lkFk&gh&lkFk vxj gekjh reading speed vPNh gks rks u fliZQ 5. dHkh Hkh ,d ckj esaword ,d dks u i<+s cfYd ,d ckj esa iwjh
English ds section esa cfYd Exam ds nwljs sections esa Hkh le; phrase dks ,d lkFk i<+saA
cpk ik,axsA 6. dHkh Hkh viuh reading dks ,d particular rjhdsds sub-
ject ;k topic rd lhfer u djsa cfYd vyx&vyxtype ds
Slow reading speed Loss of attempts
and and subjects dksread djsa tSls– science, geography,
poor comprehension wrong answer history, literature, economics, technology vkfnA
( 6th to 10th class NCERT books are a good source)
Failure vyx&vyx type ds subjects dksread djuk gekjs fy;s T;knk
 Three Must-do Tasks important gksxk D;ksafd dHkh&dHkh gesa igys dh
knowledge
(1) viuh reading skills dksimprove djsaA ds vuqlkjwords dksselect djuk gksrk gS tks fdtechni-
gesa
(2) viuh vocabulary dks vkSj mlds usage dksstrong djsaA cal vocab dks lh[kus help
esa djrk gSA
(3) viuh grammatical knowledge dks c<+k,¡A 7. ftl passage dks vki i<+ jgs gSa] mldh Tone vkSj mlds Main
Idea dks le>us dh dksf'k'k djsaA
Tone vkSj Main Idea dks geus
HOW TO IMPROVE READING Reading Comprehension Section esa vPNs ls le>k j[kk gSA
Reading ,d skill gS vkSj ge ;s tkurs gS fd fdlh Hkh
HOW TO IMPROVE VOCABULARY
skill ij dke djus dk ,d [kkl rjhdk gksrk gSA
1. Words ds fgUnh meaning dks jVus dh dksf'k'k uwordsdjsa
1. cPpksa dks vDlj crk;k tkrk gS fd csVk vxj
Comprehension/
ds Hkko dks le>saA
Reading detksj gSrksEditorial i<+yks oks'The Hkh Hindu'
Newspaper dk vkSj fiQj cPPkk vkSj 3. Words ds vkèkkj vkSj mRifÙk
Editorial i<+us yx tkrk] gS (roots and origin) dks le>us dh
fiQj tc dqN le> ugha vkrk rks 4 & 5 fnu ckn i<+uk gh can dj nsrk dksf'k'k djsa] blls vkidks
words ds contextual meaning
gS
AActually 'The Hindu' ,d cgqr 'kkunkjNewspaper gS ysfdu dks le>us esa vklkuh gksxhA
muds }kjk English
tks iz;ksx dh tkrh gS oks FkksM+h eqf'dy 3. gksrhviuh
gS vkSj
Vocabulary esa "JARGONS" dks 'kkfey djus dh dksf'k'k
Basic cPps dks le> ugha vkrhBasicgSAlevel ij students dks djasaA
Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 1
Cloze Test Introduction
JARGONS : ;s ,slswords gksrs gS ftUgs particular
fdlh  Basics ls start djsa] ,d gh fnu esa
Advanced level ij uk tk;sA
a
profession vkSj lewg ds yksxksa
use}kjk
fd;k tkrk gS rFkk nwljs
 Chapter wise i<+s avkSjfocus cl bl ckr ij djsa fd
yksxksa ds fy, bUgsa le>uk eqf'dy gksrk gSA vkidks i<+rs le; lc oqQN le> vk ,A,slk vDlj gksrk gS fd
4. Words dks nwljs words ls connect djus dh dksf'k'k djsa blls vkidks i<+rs gq, lc le> vk,xk exj Questions ugha gksaxsA
vkidkswords dks ;kn j[kus esa T;knk vklkuh gksxhA rks vxj ,slk gS rks
?kcjk;sa ugha vki vdsys ,sls ugha gSaA
student
Patience j[ksa] lc gksxkA
5. dHkh Hkh phrasal verbs vkSjidiom-phrases dh impor-
tance dks de uk le>saA ;s fdlhexam
Hkh esa full marks ykus  ges'kk Notes t:j cuk;sa D;ksafd 'Notes' quick revision ds
ds fy, cgqr t:jh gksrs gSaA fy, cgqr t:jh gksrs gSaA
 4 – 5 ckj vPNs ls Revision djsa vkSj fiQj cgqr Practice
lkjh
6. ,d tSls yxus okys words ds chp varj tkuus dh dksf'k'k djsaA
djsaA
igys chapter-wise i<+sa vkSj syllabus complete djsa]
Similar words esa oSQls vUrj fudky ldrs aS] bldks
g geus bl
fiQj mlds ckn mixed questions djsaA
Book esaCloze Test dsChapter-3.2 esa detail esa le>k j[kk gSA
 lHkh Chapters dks vPNs ls i<+saA
English esa gjChapter ,d
7. Cloze Test dkssolve djus esa Homonyms vkSjConfus-
nwljs ls tqM+k gqvk gSA results dh mEehn uk yxk,aA
Immediate
ing words dh knowledge cgqrhelp djrh gSA Confusing
,d ckj English vk xbZ rks vki vklkuh ls vPNkscore dj ik;saxs]
words dks geus blBook esa Cloze Test ds Chapter-3.3 esa exj FkksM+k le; vius vki dks t:j nsaA
detail esa le>k j[kk gSA
 T;knk ls T;knk phtksa dktkuus dh dksf'k'k djsaconnect
logic vkSj
8. English esa ekfgj cuus ds fy, Collocations cgqr vge djds i<+saA
Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSA
Collocations dks geus blBook esaCloze
 English dksenjoy djsa bldks cks> uk le>saA
Test ds Chapter-3.5 esa detail esa le>k j[kk gSA
 i<+rs le; T;knkrj students cl ;s lksprs gSa fd bllserror dk
9. i<+rs le; Word register dks j[kus dh dksf'k'k djsaA
question dSls vk;sxk] ,slk uk djsa] vkSj HkkbZ
error ds 2 ques-
10. fdlh Hkhcontext esa lghword pquus ds fy, connotation tions vkrs gSaAgrammar,
iwjh error ds fy, uk i<a+s
, lh[kus ds
cgqrhelpful gksrs gSaA
Connotation dks geus blBook esa fy, i<+saA ,d ckj lh[k x, rkserror, improvement, cloze
Cloze Test ds Chapter-3.1 esa detail esa le>k j[kk gSA test lc vklku yxus yxsxkA
HOW TO IMPROVE GRAMMAR bl Section dh Approach

dksbZ Hkh balku jkrksa
Grammarjkr dksmaster ugha dj ldrk bl Section esa geus
grammar rFkk vocabulary ds muaspects
gS] rks lcls igys ;s è;ku nsa fd
patience fy[ks ij focus fd;k gS ftulscloze test esa
j[ksa vkSj uhpspoints questions vkrs g
aS ;k vk ldrs
dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[ksaA gSaA ;s ,d
complete grammar ;k vocabulary book ugha gSA

Cloze Test
02
CHAPTER
APPROACHES
Cloze Tests dkssolve djus ds fy, vyx&vyx bl rjg ge ckdh ds options dkseliminate dj ldrs gSa vxj ge lgh
students ds fy, vyx&vyx Approaches gks ldrh gSaA Part of Speech dksidentify dj ysrs gSaA
ge ;gk¡ nks
level dh Approaches dksdiscuss djsaxsA Ex - The ____ flower slowly bloomed in the bright sunlight.
Basic Approach:- (a) beauty (b) shape
• Beginners dks igyspassage dks iwjk i<+uk pkfg, rkfd os (c) beautiful (d) beautifully
passage ds subject matter vkSjtone dks le> ldasA blls mUgsa ;gk¡ gesa 'flower' (noun) ls igys ,d Adjective dh vko';drk
Blanks dksfill djus esa vklkuh gksxhA gS tks ;s crk lds fd'flower' fdl rjg dk gS & vPNk gS] liQsn gS] laqn
• Passage i<+rs oDr ;fn ge dqN gS] bR;kfnA fn;soptions
blanks dks ysdjsure gSa rks ,sls x;s esa'beautifully' ,d Adverb gS rFkk
'shape' vkSj'beauty' ,d Noun gS vr% budk use ;gk¡ ugha gksxkA
blanks dks mlh le; fill djrs gq, vkxs c<+sa] bl rjhds ls dqN
blanks dksfill djus ds ckn ckfdblanks dksanswer djus ds blfy, 'beautiful' Adjective ;gk¡ lghchoice gksxh] D;ksafd Adjective
fy, gekjs ikl context FkksM+kclear
T;knk
gks tk,xk vkSj
passage (fo'ks"k.k) gh ,d
noun dh fo'ks"krk crkus ds fy,
use gksrk gSA
dh vPNh le> develop gksxhA Ex - The children laughed _______ as they played together
in the park.
• lHkhblanks dksfill djus ds ckn ,d ckj iwjs
Passage dks fiQj
(a) happy (b) enjoy
ls i<+dj lHkh answer dkscheck djsaA
(c) joyfully (d) cheerful
Advanced Approach:-
;gk¡ gesa
Verb 'laughed' ds ckn ,d Adverb dh vko';drk gS tks
• ;fn vki beginner ugha gS rks vkidks iwjk igys i<+dj gesa
passage clearly ;s crk lds fd children dSls g¡l jgs FksA fn;s x,
options
vkSj fiQj cknsecond
esa reading ds nkSjku answer dkscheck esa'happy' ,d Adjective gS]'enjoy' ,d Verb gS]'joyfully' ,d
djus dh t:jr ugha cfYd vki first reading esa gh
answer dks Adverb gS rFkk 'cheerful' ,d Adjective gSA vr% 'joyfully' ;gk¡
mark djrs gq, vkxs c<+ ldrs gSaA correct word gksxk] tks gesa crkrkchildren
gS fd 'joyfully' ([kq'kh ls)
Approach gS fd vkioptions dks g¡ls tc oks ,d lkFkpark esa [ksy jgs FksA bl rjg
blds fy, lcls T;knk mi;ksxh ge dks
options
suitable word dk p;u djsaA eliminate djds lgh answer dk irk yxk ldrs gSaA
eliminate djuk 'kq: djsa vkSj
 Option Elimination:- Point-2:- Tense & verb form dkscheck djds
Cloze Tests dkssolve djus ds fy, ;g Approach lcls vxj gesablank space ds fy;s verb dh vko';drk gS] rks gesa
T;knkeffective vkSjuseful lkfcr gksrh gSA è;ku nsuk pkfg, fd sentence fdl Tense (Present, Past, Future)
Option elimination ds fy, ge dqN points ls enn ysrs gS
aA esa fn;k x;k gS] rFkk lkFk gh lkFk ;g Hkh t:j ns[kuk pkfg, fd
sentence
Point-1:- Words ds Part of speech check djds Active voice esaframe fd;k x;k gS ;kpassive voice esaA
Point-2:- Tense vkSjverb dh form check djds Ex - Neha always ____ to meet him as he looked quite
handsome to her.
Point-3:- Given word dh connotation check djds
(a) tries (b) trying
Point-4:- Context dksidentify djds
(c) try (d) tried
Point-5:- Words dh repetition dks ns[kdj
dbZ ckj ge tYnckth esa dqN words ;k hints ns[kdjmistakes
Point-6:- Grammatical structures dks ns[kdj dj tkrs gSaA vxj ;gk¡ ge sentence
iqjk i<+us dh ctk; fliQZ'always'
Point-7:- Collocation ns[kdj dks ns[kdj ;g le> tk,¡ fd ;g Present Tense esa bLrseky gksrk g
Point-1:- Words ds part of speech dkscheck djds blfy, 'tries' lgh option gksxk] rks gekjk
answer xyr gks tk,xkA
lcls igys ;g check djsa fd gesa blank space dksfill djus ds vxj ge sentence dks iqjk i<+rs gSa verb rks
dh second form 'looked'
fy, fdl rjg ds word dh t:jr gS & Noun, Adjective, Verb, fn[kkbZ nsrh gS ftlls irk pyrk gS fd ;g
sentence Past ds ckjs esa ckr
Adverb, Determiner, Preposition, etc. dj jgk gSA vr% verb dh second form 'tried' ;gk¡ lghanswer gksxkA

Cloze Test Approaches
Point-6:- Grammatical structures dks ns[kdj 1. (a) ready (b) prepares
(c) arranged (d) assembled
gesa ges'kk ns[kuk pkfg,word
fd tksgesa
fill djuk gS mlds ckn
2. (a) by (b) in
vkSj igys D;k vk ldrk gS vkSj D;k fn;k x;k gS bl rjg 2-3ge
(c) from (d) of
options dkseliminate djds lgh answer rd igq¡p ldrs gSA 3. (a) leading (b) heading
Example:- (c) leads (d) travel
Education (1)_____ both the teaching and learning of 4. (a) avoid (b) forgot
knowledge, proper conduct, and technical competency. (c) ignores (d) rejected
It thus (2)____ on the cultivation of skills, trades or 5. (a) on (b) while
professions, as well as mental, moral and aesthetic (c) when (d) where
development. Formal education consists of systematic
instruction, teaching and training by (3)____ teachers. Answer Key
This consists of the application of pedagogy and the
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b)
development of curricula. The right to education is a
(4)_____ human right. Educational systems are EXPLANATION
established to provide education and (5)_______, often
for children and the young. 1. (b) fn;k x;kpassage, Present Indefinite Tense dks
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank show dj jgk gS vr%
'arranged' & 'assembled' ;gk¡
number 2. lgh ugha gSaA
(a) changes (b) makes
(c) focuses (d) regards 'Bailey' singular subject gS vr% blds fy;s
use dh
lHkhoptions esa lsfocus gh ,d ,slk word gS ftlds lkFk tkus okyhverb Hkh
singular gksxh] blfy,'prepares'
preposition 'on' dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA 'focuses'
vr% correct answer gSA
correct answer gSA 2. (c) 'From' dk use ge fdlh txg dks n'kkZus ds fy, djrs gSaa
Point-7:- Correct Collocation iz;ksx djds tgk¡ ls dqN
start gksrk gSAfrom
;gk¡ dk iz;ksx tsy ds fy,
gesa ges'kk
collocations dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg, geus bl
book fd;k x;k gS ;g n'kkZus ds fy,Misfit
fd tsy ls Hkkxk gSA
esa
collocations dks cgqr vPNs ls fd;k gSA
cover Collocation dk 3. (b) 'Is' ds ckn gesa
'V1 + ing' form dh vko';drk gS D;ksafd
eryc gksrk gS dqN ,sls 'kCn tks vDlj ,d lkFk vkrs gSaA sentence Active meaning dksshow dj jgk gSA
Example:- vr% ge'leads' and 'travel' dkseliminate dj ldrs gSaA
The monastery in Tawang has recently undergone
'Head' dk vFkZ gksrk gS]fix fdlh
direction dh rjiQ
(1)_________ and bright paintings (2)_________ it walls.
Dances and ceremonial celebrations are held in the vkxs c<+uk'towards'
rFkk dk use Hkh fdlhfix direction
(3)________ , the most important of which is held on esa vkxs c<+us ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSA vr%
'Heading
the night of Buddha Purnima, the full moon on which towards' correct answer gSA
the Buddha was born, (4)_________ enlightenment and
died. To reach Tawang, you drive for 12 hours from 4. (c) 'And' same rank ds structure dh verbs dks
Assam's Tezpur town, a major Indian Forces base. The connect djrk gS vr%'decides' verb dks ns[kdj ge
best seasons the visitor can choose for coming to dg ldrs gS fd 'and' ls igys 'ignores' ;gk¡correct
Tawang is (5)_________ September to November. answer gSA
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
number 4. 5. (b) ;k=kk ds nkSjku] nknh ds n`';ksa dh vksj b'kkjk djrh
Georgia
(a) attained (b) displayed gSA blcontext esa'while' dk use fd;k tk;sxkA
(c) transferred (d) received
While = two events or activities happening
'Attain' - enlightenment ,d collocation gksrk gSA vr%
at the same time
'Attained' correct answer gSA
When = at or during the time that
SET-1
Bailey, the head of an Atlanta household, ___(1)___ to SET-2
take his family on a vacation to Florida. Bailey's mother
Entertainment is a ____(1)___ of activity that holds the
wants to go to East Tennessee instead, and warns Bailey
that a prisoner called the Misfit has escaped ___(2)___ prison
attention and ____(2)____ of an audience or ___(3)___
camp and he is ___(3)___ towards Florida. The family ___(4)___ pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or ___(4)___, but
her and decides to go to Florida. ___(5)___ traveling, the it is more likely to be one of the activities or ____(5)____
grandmother points out scenery in Georgia. that have developed over thousands of years.

Cloze Test Connotation
06
03
CHAPTER 3.1
3.2
VOCABULARY & COLLOCATIONS
Connotation & Denotation
VOCABULARY
Collocations ,d&tSlsyxus
Connotations,
Jargons, okyswords
Idioms and phrases esavarj dSlsdjsaA
CONNOTATION AND DENOTATION
CONNOTATION = Connotation fdlh word dk oks emotional POSITIVE CONNOTATION = ,sls 'kCn ftudk
sense Positive
meaning gksrk gS tks mlls tqM+s Hkko dks vklkuh ls vkSj lVhd rjhds ls
gksrk gSA
(Positive meaning)
O;Dr djrk gSA
Words dkconnotation, ‘positive’, ‘negative’ ;k
‘neutral’ gks ldrkgSA NEGATIVE CONNOTATION = ,sls 'kCn ftudksense
DENOTATION = Dictionary esa ik;k tkus okyk Meaning Negative gksrk gSA (Negative meaning)
Denotation dgk tkrk gSA
NEUTRAL CONNOTATION = ,sls 'kCn ftudksense u rks
IMPORTANCE
• Denotation vkSj connotation dkuse ge Unknown 'kCn Positive gksrk gS vkSj Negative
u gh gksrk gSA
(Neither positive
ds Meaning dks le>us ds fy, dj ldrs gSaA nor negative)
• budh enn ls ge viuh comprehension ability esa lqèkkj djLet’s understand them with the synonymous pairs of
ldrs gSaA words.
EXAMPLES WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS
CAREFREE (Positive connotation)  Feeling nice SOLITUDE (Positive connotation)  The state of being
without stress and worries (fcuk fdlh ruko o fpark okyhalone, especially when you find it pleasant (vdsyk gksus dh
feeling ) fLFkfr fo'ks"kdj tc ;g rqEgsa vkuannk;d
) yxs
LONELINESS (Negative connotation)  A feeling of
CARELESS (Negative connotation)  Not giving
being unhappy because you have no friends or people
necessary attention to something (fdlh pht ij vko';d to talk to (vdsysiu dh og fLFkfr tc vki izlUu u gks]
D;ksafd vkids
è;ku u nsuk) ikl ckr djus ds fy, dksbZ ugha) gS
1. He was ___________ and left the front door open, 6. He struggled with feelings of isolation and
so the thieves entered the house through the ___________.
front door. 7. She longed for peace and ___________.
2. Th e day after the final ex am, we spent a 8. There is no easy cure for ___________.
___________ day in Jeet’s holiday home. 9. She enjoyed a few moments of peace in the
___________ of the garden.
3. He refused to get married because he felt that
10. Being with peers and friends does not necessarily
marriage was the end of his ___________ life. solve this feeling of ___________.
4. The police stated that the accident happened WOMANISH (Negative connotation)  behaving in a
because of ___________ driving. way that is more suitable for women than men (,slk
5. He looked happy and ___________ . O;ogkj ftldh vk'kk ,d iq#"kls ugha ,d L=kh ls dh tkrh
) gS

Cloze Test Connotation
WARMLY (Positive connotation)  In a way that keeps 22. ________ tin boxes were made in large quantities
you warm or in a way that shows enthusiasm, friendship
from the 1820s to the close of the nineteenth
or love (Collocation  A very warm welcome) (xeZ tks'kh century and people used to like them.
vkSj mRlkg ds lkFk dqN djuk) 23. The quiet librarian shocked everyone by wearing
HOTLY (Negative connotation)  Done in an angry or a _________ red dress to work.
excited way or with a lot of strong feeling (Øks/ esa dqN 24. The whole room was _______ with flowers and
djuk) balloons.
16. Many companies have ________ welcomed these 25. Agents continue to advise sellers to tone down
changes in legislation anything that might be considered too _________.
17. The question of the origin of the universe is still ANSWER KEY
_______ debated. 1. Thrifty 2. Miserly
18. It turned out to be another ____ contested tournament. 3. Thrifty 4. Miserly
19. When we arrived at the village, our hosts greeted 5. Thrifty 6. Skinny
us _______ with leis. 7. Slim 8. Slim
20. The decision to save the company has been 9. Skinny 10. Slim
_______ applauded. 11. Interested 12. Nosy
DECORATED (Positive connotation)  Made more 13. Interested 14. Nosy
attractive by putting things on it (lqlfTtr) 15. Interested 16. Warmly
GARISH (Negative connotation)  Very brightly coloured 17. Hotly 18. Hotly
in an unpleasant way (HkM+dhyk) 19. Warmly 20. Warmly
21. Because she likes showing off her money, my 21. Garish 22. Decorated
wealthy aunt is known for wearing _________ 23. Garish 24. Decorated
jewellry in casual events. 25. Garish

Cloze Test Similar Words
06
03
CHAPTER 3.2
3.2
Difference between Similar Words
HOW TO DISTINGUISH SIMILAR WORDS/leku 'kCnksa esa varj oSQls djsa

Cloze test ;k filler type question, solve djrs le; (A) I managed to work for two hours despite
students dks leku vFkk±s okys 'kCnksa esale>us esa ijs'kkuh
difference interruption.
gksrh gSA (B) You should take a break because you have
been doing this work for four hours.
vkidh ;g ijs'kkuh
solve djus ds fy, geussimilar words ds chp
• Unique (adj.) = being the only one of its kind or
difference tkuus ds fy, uhps oqQN
tools/categories fn, gSas bu very special (Positive connotation)
categories esasimilar meaning words dks i<+dj vkids fy, Peculiar (adj.) = strange and unusual, in an
difference tkuuk vklku gks tk,xkA unpleasant way (Negative connotation)
TYPES OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SIMILAR (A) Everyone likes Raman because he approaches
WORDS problems in his unique way.
1. Words of different connotation (B) There was a peculiar smell in the house, so I
2. Words of different strength called a plumber to make sure there was no
3. Words with gradable/non-gradable concept gas leak.
4. Words used in different context 2. Words of different strength/degree%
5. Words with different grammatical patterns dHkh&dHkh ge 'kCnksastrength
esa mudh
;k degree dh help ls
6. Words with different parts of speech vUrj djrs gSaA
vkb, bu points dksdetail esa le>rs gSaA For example –
1. Words of different connotations: • Annoy (v) = to make somebody slightly angry
Connotation egÙoiw.kZ
tools esa ls ,d gS tks leku 'kCnksa esaAnger (v) = to make somebody angry (normal)
varj djus esa
use gksrk gSA ge blds ckjs esa dkiQh i<+ pqds gSAInfuriate (v) = to make somebody extremely
For example – angry(vR;fèkd)
• Daring (adj.) = brave, willing to do dangerous things 'Annoy', 'Anger' vkSj'Infuriate' dk meaning leku gS
Reckless (adj.) = showing a lack of care about but bu 'kCnksastrength
dh vyx&vyx gSA ;s lHkh ^fdlh dks
danger ukjkt djuk* dssense 7esause gksrs gSaA
;gk¡Daring vkSjReckless dk meaning leku gSbut buds • Fight (n) = an occasion when two or more people
connotation vyx&vyx gSaA Daring dk connotation, try to defeat each other using physical force
positive gS vkSj
Reckless dk negative gSA Battle (n) = a violent fight between two armies,
(A) Everyone likes her and her actions were ships or group of people (Battle of Panipat)
considered very daring at the time. War (n) = a situation in which two or more
(B) He showed a reckless disregard for his own countries fight against each other (World War -1)
safety. 'Fight', 'Battle' vkSj'War' dk meaning leku gS] ysfdu
• Break (n) = a short period of time when you stop budhstrength vyx&vyx gSA
what you are doing and rest
• Scarcity (n) = shortage, Insufficiency or shortage
Interruption (n) = something that temporarily of supply of something (Normal)
stops an activity or a situation
Poverty (n) = the state of one who lacks a usual or
Break dk connotation, positive gS vkSj
Interruption socially acceptable amount of money or material
dk negative gSA possessions (More than normal)

Penury (n) = the state of being extremely poor mnkgj.k% ekSle FkksM+k BaMk ;k vR;fèkd BaMk gks ldrk
(Extreme level) 'Cold' ,d gradable adjective gSA
'Scarcity', 'Poverty' rFkk'Penury' ds meaning leku gSa  oqQN
adjectives ,slh qualities (fo'ks"krk,¡) crkrs
atksgS
iwjh rjg
ysfdustrength vyx&vyx gSA ls present gSa ;k absent gaSA os superlative vkSj
• Peckish (adj.) = slightly hungry (FkksM+k
) Hkw[kk comparative form esa ugha gksrs aS bUgsa
gnon-gradable
Hungry (adj.) = feeling that you want to eat adjectives ds :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA
something (Hkw[kk
) mnkgj.k% tSls dksbZ xksy
(circular) table gS rks ge ;g ugha dg
Starving (adj.) = very hungry (cgqr Hkw[kk
) ldrs fd og de ;k T;knk xksy(circular) gSA blfy,(circular)
'Peckish', 'Hungry' vkSj'Starving' ds meaning leku ,d non gradable adjective gSA
gSa
but strength vyx&vyx gSA  Modifiers dk iz;ksx(use) dSls djsa
: ge Adverb dk use
3. Words with Concept of 'Non-gradable/gradable Adjective ds ckjs esa T;knk tkudkjh izkIr gksus ds fy, djr
adjectives': (1) Non-gradable adjective ls igys ge use djrs gS
Important Points:  Absolutely, Completely, Utterly, Totally,
 Adjectives oks 'kCn gSa tks Noun
fdlh ;k Pronoun dh Mainly etc.
quality dks crkrs gaSA (2) Gradable Adjective ls igys ge use djrs gS
 English esa oqQN
adjectives 'gradable' gaS ftldk vFkZ gS fd  Very, Extremely, Slightly, Comparatively
mldh quality (xq.koÙkk) ds fofHkUu
Degree ;k Lrj gks ldrs ga
SA etc.
GRADABLE ADJECTIVE NON-GRADABLE ADJECTIVE

1. Cold Freezing
2. Hot Boiling
3. Good Fantastic, Excellent, Great, Amazing, Incredible
4. Small Tiny
5. Big Enormous, Huge, Gigantic, Immense
6. Bad/Unpleasant Terrible, Awful, Horrible, Atrocious
7. Tired Exhausted, Dead
8. Angry Furious
9. Clean Spotless
10. Dirty Filthy
11. Funny Hilarious
12. Hungry Starving, Famished
13. Interesting Fascinating
14. Old Ancient
15. Ugly Hideous
16. Hard/Difficult Impossible
17. Afraid Terrified
18. Accurate Exact
19. Beautiful/Attractive Stunning, Gorgeous
20. Boring Mind-numbing
21. Bright Luminous
22. Busy Rushed
23. Neat Immaculate
24. Surprising Astounding
25. Surprised Astounded
26. Risky/Dangerous Perilous
27. Cute Adorable
28. Careful Meticulous
29. Different Unique/Peculiar

30. Dry Arid/Parched
31. Excited Thrilled
32. Exciting Thrilling
33. Expensive Overpriced, Exorbitant
34. Fat Obese
35. Frightened Terrified
36. Frightening Terrifying
37. Important/Necessary Vital, Crucial, Essential
38. Painful Excruciating
39. Poor Destitute
40. Tasty Delicious
41. Wet Soaked, Drenched, Saturated
42. Unimportant Worthless
43. Sad/Disappointed Devastated
44. Similar Same
45. Tempting Irresistible
46. Pleased/Pleasant Delightful
47. Rude Outrageous
48. Wicked/Evil Villainous
49. Stupid Idiotic
50. Thirsty Parched
4. Words that are used in different contexts:- Listeners (n) = os yksx tks
Radio Programme lqurs gSaA
gesa
words ds fliZQ fgUnh Mourners (n) = os yksx tks nkg laLdkj esa vk;s gksa fo'ks"k
meaning dks ;kn ugha j[kuk pkfg,A gesa mlds
context dks ;kn j[kuk gSa ftlesa og
particular word use gqvk gSA rFkk ifjtuksa dsA
vkb;sExamples dh enn ls bl ckr dks le>rs gSaA Choir (n) = ,sls yksxksa dk lewg tks ,d lkFk xkrk gks fo'k
1. Strong (adj.) = ;g physical power dks n'kkZrk gSA church esa rFkk
public performance esaA
Enlightened (adj.) = ;g 'spiritual understanding' Orchestra (n) = ,sls yksxksa dk lewg tks fofHkUu izd
dks n'kkZrk gSA musical instruments ctkrk gks (,dconductor ds funsZ'ku
Brilliant (adj.) = ;g intelligence dks n'kkZrk gSA esa)A
2. Spinster (n) = vfookfgr efgyk 4. Calm (adj.) = ;g 'strong emotions and nervousness'
Bachelor (n) = vfookfgr iq#"k dh vuqifLFkfr dks n'kkZrk gSA
(positive)
3. Audience (n) = yksxksa dk tks oqQN ns[kus ;k lquus ds fy,Quiet (adj.) = ;g ‘noise’ dh vuqifLFkfr dks n'kkZrk g
group
bdV~Bk gq,(A gksA
play, concert, speech, lecture etc.) (positive)
Spectators (n) = yksx tks oqQN ns[kus ds fy, tek gq, gksa Apathetic (adj.) = mRlkg ;k fnypLih dh vuqifLFkfr dk
([kkldj sports event) n'kkZrk(Negative)
gSA
Crowd (n) = fdlh public place ;k market esa bdV~Bk 5.gq, Stoic (n) = tks fcuk fdlh f'kdk;r ds ihM+k@nnZ cnkZ'r dj
cgqr lkjs yksxA
Austere (adj.) = tks fn[kus esa rFkk O;ogkj strictesa
rFkk
Mob (n) = yksxksa dk og lewg tks fgald gks ldrk gSA
serious yxsA
Congregation (n) = yksxksagroup
dk tks fdlh eafnj ;k ppZ
6. Catch (v) = ,d ,sls object dks idM+uk tks gok
moveesadj jgk gSA
esa bdV~Bk gq, gksA
Rabble (n) = fuEu lkekftd fLFkfr dk ,d
large rFkk
noisy Hold (v) = ,d ,slh oLrq dks idM+uk tks fdlh fuf'pr fLFkfr esa
group tks fgald Hkh gks ldrk gSA (Something static)
Viewers (n) = os yksx tks internet ij television 7. Spherical (adj.) = ,d round 3D object tSls fdfootball
programme ;k video ns[krs gSaA Circular (adj.) = ,d round object tks fd 2D esa gks

Cloze Test Confusing Words
06
03
CHAPTER 3.3
3.2
Homonyms & Confusing Words
Homonyms & Confusing words

Homonyms ,slswords gksrs gSa ftudh
spelling ;k mPpkj.k esa lekurk gksrh gS ysfdu vFkZ vyx&vyx gksrk gSA
Homonym words
Type I - Same Spelling Type II - Same Pronunciation

Examples: Examples:
 Can (H.V)  ,d helping verb
 Accept (Verb) Lohdkjuk
tksability fn[kkus
ds fy, use djrs gSA
Except (Prep.)  dksNksM+dj
Can (Noun)  ,d container
ftlesafood ;k drink csprsgSaA  Accede (Verb)  ekuysuk
 Bat (Noun)  pexknM+ Exceed (Verb)  vfèkd gksuk
Bat (Noun)  cYyk(fØdsVesa)
 Alter (Verb)  cnyuk
 Bear (Noun)  Hkkyw
Bear (Verb)  lguk Altar (Noun)  osnh
 Content (Adj.)  larq"V  Root (Noun)  tM+

Content (Noun)  lkexzh
Route (Noun)  jkLrk
 Present (Adj.)  mifLFkr
 Meet (Verb)  feyuk
Present (Noun)  migkj]orZeku
le;
Present (Verb)  migkjnsuk]
lkeusj[kuk Meat (Noun)  ekal
Type - I ds Homonyms dksdifferentiate djus ds fy, vkidksmeaning vkSjGrammar ds parts of speech ij è;ku nsuk gksrk gSA
Type-II ds Homonyms T;knk ijs'kku djus okys gksrs gaS D;ksafd fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk dks lh[kus dh 'kq:vkr ¶lquus¸ ls gksr
ogh gaS tks lquk ysfdu fy[krs oDr vDlj gels xyrh gks tkrh gSA
blh leL;k dk lekèkku djus ds fy, geus uhps oqQN leku
pronunciation okysHomonyms vkSj muds lkFk&lkFk oqQN
other confusing
words dks muds meaning vkSjexamples ds lkFk fy[ks gSaA
Note: Type - I ds Homonyms dksHomographs Hkh dgrs gSaA

Type - II ds Homonyms dksHomophones Hkh dgrs gSaA

Cloze Test Confusing Words
62. Temporary (adj.) Not permanent (vLFkk;h) Volunteers built temporary shelters
for the survivors.
Temporal (adj.) Not spiritual matters (ykSfdd) The Pope has no temporal power.
63. Vain (adj.) Useless (csdkj) She closed her eyes tightly in a vain
attempt to hold back the tears.
Vein (n) Tubes that carry blood from all parts of the The nurse was having trouble finding
body towards the heart (ul) a vein in his arm.
64. Vale (n) A valley (?kkVh) The Vale of the White Horse
Veil (n) A face cover for women (udkc) I couldn’t see her face behind the veil.
Wail (v) Cry (jksuk) A crowd of women followed the coffin,
weeping and wailing.
65. Wither (v) To become dry and die (lw[k tkuk) The plants withered in the hot sun.
Whither (adv.) To where, to what place (dgk¡) They did not know whither they
should go.
Weather (n) Change in atmosphere (ekSle) This brick weathers to a warm
pinkish-brown colour.
Whether (conj.) In reference to a choice or alternatives It remains to be seen whether or not
(nksuksa esa ls dkSu lk) this idea can be put into practice.
66. Vocation (n) Profession (is'kk) He is desperate to follow his vocation
as an artist.
Avocation (n) A hobby or minor occupation. (mi&O;olk;) Cooking is her pet avocation.
67. Wave (v) To move/a moving ridge on the surface of water The people on the bus waved and we
(fgykuk) waved back.
Waive (v) To give up (R;kx nsuk) She waived her right to be a lawyer.
Practice
1. Hundreds of people today (defied/deified) the ban on 9. Nothing will change as long as the workers continue
political gatherings. to (accept/except) these appalling conditions.
2. On account of the (decease/disease) of his father, 10. Our study examined the strategies (adopted/adapted)
the burden of the family fell on his shoulders. by patients for seeking information.
3. The family of the (deceased/decease/disease) could 11. It took him a while (to adapt/adopt/adept) himself
not Survive the crisis. to his new surroundings.
4. The debate rapidly descended into a verbal (duel/ 12. You think I did it deliberately, but I (assure/ensure/
dual) between the two candidates. insure) you that I did not.
5. If the goods are (defective/deficient), you should get 13. I never (expected/excepted) that my friends would
a full refund. desert me in the lurch.
6. Finally he remembered the time detail that had 14. Shubham is (ade pt/adapt/adopt) in the art of
(aluded/alluded) him the night before. damming, so everyone praise him.
7. She is really amazing! Her poetry is full of obscure 15. Excessive hard work in her life had adverse (effect/
literary (allusion/illusion/elusion). affect) on her health.
8. You risk incurring bank charges if you (exceed/ 16. She carefully avoided perishing against the man
accede) your overdraft limit. sitting (beside/besides) her at the table.

Cloze Test Opposite Words
06
03
CHAPTER 3.4
3.2
Words that look opposite
WORDS THAT LOOK LIKE OPPOSITES BUT AREN’T (Words tks ns[kusopposite
esa yxrs gSa]
but gSa ughaA)
• DIFFERENT (adj.) = Not the same as somebody/ unaware of something (fdlh pht ls vutku ;k oqQN
something (fdlh person ;k thing ls v yx) eglwl u djuk)
INDIFFERENT (adj.) = Showing no interest (dksbZ (Ant. = Sensible - impractical, Insensible -
Interest u fn[kkuk) conscious)
(Ant. = Different - Similar; Indifferent - interested) Examples:-
Examples:- (A) Raman is insensible to pain.
(A) The government cann ot afford to be (B) Diplomacy is the only sensible way to resolve
indifferent to public opinion. this dispute.
(B) American English is significantly different • VALUABLE (adj.) = Worth a lot of money; very useful
from British English. or important (vko';d vkSj egRoiw.kZ] cgqr vfèkd ewY;ok
• INTERESTED (adj.) = Giving your attention to INVALUABLE (adj.) = Extremely useful (cgqr vfèkd
something (fdlh pht esainterest fn[kkuk) mi;ksxh)
DISINTERESTED (adj.) = Not influenced by personal
(Ant. = worthless)
feelings, impartial or unbiased (Personal feelings dk
Examples:-
vlj iM+s fcuk]
fu"i{k
)
(A) You should gain some valuable insights into
(Ant. = Interested - uninterested, Disinterested the world of business.
- biased)
(B) The book will be invaluable for students in
Examples:- higher education.
(A) All of us are interested in playing this game.
• FLAMMABLE (adj.) = That can burn easily (tks tYnh
(B) His advice on this topic appeared to be
ls vkx idM+ ys ;k ty tk;sa)
disinterested.
Note- [‘Uninterested’ is the antonym of INFLAMMABLE (adj.) = That can burn easily (tks
‘Interested’.] vklkuh ls ty tk;s)
• FAMOUS (adj.) = Known to many people (ftls cgqr (Ant. = non-flammable)
lkjs yksx tkurs gksa] iz[;kr) Examples:-
INFAMOUS (adj.) = Well known for being bad or (A) These gases are highly inflammable.
evil, notorious (dq[;kr) (B) These materials are highly flammable.
(Ant. = Famous - unknown, Infamous - reputable) (an tonym = non-flammable; n on -
inflammable)
Examples:-
• FUSE (v) = To join together to become one; to make
(A) Virat Kohli is one of many famous names in
cricket. two things do this (,d gksuk] ,d lkFk tqM+uk)
(B) A general who was infamous for his brutality INFUSE (v) = To have an effect on all parts of
died in a car accident. something (fdlh pht ds lHkh Hkkxksa ij izHkko Mkyuk)
• SENSIBLE (adj.) = Able to make good judgments Examples:-
based on reason (rdZ dsbase ij vPNs fu.kZ; ys ikus okyk) (A) As they heal, the bones will fuse together.
INSENSIBLE (adj.) = Unable to feel something or (B) Politics infuses all aspects of our lives.

Cloze Test Collocations
06
03
CHAPTER 3.5
3.2
Collocations
Collocation lkekU;r% nks ;k nks lswordsT;knkdk group Collocations
gksrk gS tks T;knkrj lkFk
use gksrs
esa gSaA  Collocations with 'make'
;s words yacs le; ls lkFk esa bruk T;knk
use gksrs vk, gSa fd vxj ge Collocations with 'do'
dksbZ nwljk leku vFkZ okyk 'kCn budh txg bLrseky djsarksCollocations
;g cgqr with 'have'
awkward yxrk gS vkSj vDlj xyr le>k tkrk gSA  Collocations with 'take'
tSls make a call, make a noise, make a mistake vkfn  Collocations with 'come'
oqQN common Collocations gSa vkSj collocations
bu esa ge  Collocations with 'go'
'make' dh txg 'do' dk use ugha dj ldrs] ;g xyr le>k tk,xkA  Collocations with 'get'
blfy, gesa gjlanguage esaCollocations ij [kkl è;ku nsus dh Some Important Collocations
t:jr gksrh gSA  Important Verb Collocations
 Adjective-Noun Collocations
geus vkidh lqfoèkk ds fy, uhps
Collocations dksCategories esa
list fd;k gS] ftudh enn ls vkiCloze Test ;k Fillers ds Ques-  Adverb-Adjective Collocations
tions dks lgh dj ik;saxsA
COLLOCATIONS WITH 'MAKE'
COLLOCATION EXAMPLE MEANING
1. Make a break The moment had come to make a break or die. To run quickly towards something to
escape./cpus ds fy, rsth ls nkSM+ukA
2. Make a call One sailor was killed while making a call from To phone someone/fdlh dks iQksu djuk
a public telephone. (phone or call)
3. Make a choice Then let everyone make a choice, and we shall To select something/p;u djuk
see which of the two is right.
4. Make a comment It would be inappropriate for me To make a statement
to make a specific comment on that. viuh jk; nsuk ;k c;ku nsukA
5. Make a complaint Make a complaint if you are not satisfied with To express dissatisfaction
the service. viuh vlgefr ;k vlarks"k O;Dr djukA
6. Make a confession She went to the police station and made a full To admit or confess something
confession. Lohdkj djukA
7. Make a suggestion I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it. To suggest something/dksbZ lq>ko nsuk
8. Make a decision I cannot make a decision without discussing it. To decide something/oqQN fu.kZ; ysuk
9. Make a difference Changing schools made a big difference to my life. To have a significant effect on some-
thing/ fdlh ij cgqr xgjk vlj gksuk
10. Make a discovery He is on the brink of making a discovery. To find out something/oqQN [kkst djuk
11. Make a fool She was angry at having been made a fool of. To trick or deceive somebody
of somebody fdlh dks èkks[kk nsuk
12. Make fortune They sold their house at the right time To earn a great deal of money
and made a fortune on it. cgqr lkjk iSlk dekuk
15. Do an experiment While doing the experiment, he died. To test something when you discover it.
fdlh pht dks [kkstus ds ckn mldk
test djuk@;k
ijh{k.k djuk
IMPORTANT POINT (eq[; fcanq)

tc Hkh ge fdlh Noun phrase ds lkFk esa]
'Do' vkSj'Make' dksuse djrs gaS rks&
Do fdlh dk;Z dks djus dh izfØ;kfocus
ij djrk gS vkSj
make fdlh dk;Z dsresult ij focus djrk gSA
Reference:- [CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY]
1.) When I was doing the calculations, (xfrfofèk ;k dk;Z)
(ACTION) I made two mistakes. (ifj.kke)(OUTCOME)
2.) I did some work (ACTION) (dk;Z) for her last summer; I made a pond (ifj.kke) (OUTCOME) in her garden.
(MAKE VS DO)
15. I felt scared when something or someone ________
Exercise - 1 a hideous noise in the middle of the night.
1. Not knowing what to do, I decided__________ a 16. I didn’t want _________ the laundry today, I planned
phone call to my best friend for advice. ________ it tomorrow.
2. It’s hard to __________ friends when you are abroad 17. My knowledge of English is improving! I’ve _____
and you don’t know the language. great progress since I started watching movies.
3. I’ve never dreamt about ________ business with 18. She didn’t mean _____ the things the wrong way.
them. It was my chance! 19. Please, leave me alone. I have to _____ a phone call.
20. The prisoner ________ his time. It was so long and
4. All right. I’ll __________ you a promise. If you
now he is free at last.
________ an effort this term at school, we will
21. Yesterday I ________ the spring-cleaning and now
_________ an awesome trip to London this sum-
my house is spotless and neat.
mer. Doesn’t it ________ you happy?
22. Our housemaid spends too much time _________
5. All the arrangements for the party were _________, the ironing.
so everybody _______ their job perfectly. 23. ________ your chores and I’ll ________ you your
6. Did you __________ sure you locked the front door favourite pizza for dinner!
before leaving? 24. I never meant _________ harm, that’s why I _______
7. You’ve __________ such a mess! I’ll have to ________ my decision to leave.
my best to work it out! 25. I’m afraid this is not going to be a snowy winter to
__________ snowmen.
8. All she had ________ was her hair and she had
________ it on time.
ANSWER KEY
9. I don’t like ________ the shopping. My wife always 1. To make 2. make
________ it for me.
3. Doing 4. Make in all blanks
10. I didn’t ________ my homework yesterday so my 5. Made/Did 6. Make
teacher is really annoyed. 7. Made/do 8. To do/To do
11. The children had the drawing lesson in the class- 9. To do/ does 10. Do
room and they _____ a lot of mess, so the pupil on 11. Made/Made 12. make
duty _____ an offer to everyone to help him clean. 13. To make 14. Made
12. Believe me, you wouldn’t _________ so many spell- 15. Made 16. To do/To do
ing mistakes if you read more! 17. Made 18. To do
13. One of the most difficult things is __________ some- 19. To make 20. To do
one believe when trust is completely lost. 21. Did 22. Doing
14. My grandfather _______ a lot of money when he 23. Do/Make 24. To do/Made
found oil at the backyard. 25. Make

(B) It's important to make time to read to your Make a trouble  To cause a problem or
children. difficulty
(C) Could you please describe what happened (A) The company has had serious financial
that night? Take your time— we want it to be as troubles recently.
accurate as possible. (B) She is not rational, she can make a lot of
10. Have a trouble  To have a problem trouble for her.
IMPORTANT VERB COLLOCATIONS
COLLOCATION MEANING
1. To abuse one's power/drugs To make bad use of power/drugs/'kfDr] nokbZ;ksa dk nq:i;ksx dju
2. To accept defeat/a challenge/an invitation ijkt;] pqukSrh ;k vkea=k.k Lohdkj djuk
3. To break a promise/a record/a rule oknk] fu;e vkfn rksM+uk
4. To deliver a speech/lecture To give a speech lecture/Hkk"k.k nsuk
5. To narrate a story/an incident To tell a story/an incident/dgkuh ;k ?kVuk dk o.kZu djuk
6. To call a strike To refuse to do something over a condition/gM+rky djuk
7. To recite a poem To say a poem/dfork lqukuk] dfork ikB djuk
8. To chant a hymn/mantra To sing a hymn/mantra frequently/ea=k vkfn dk ckj&ckj mPpkj.
djuk
9. To yield one's power/control To allow somebody one's power/control/fdlh dks 'kfDr] vf/dkj
dk iz;ksx djus nsukA
10. To win a game/a battle/an argument [ksy] ;q¼ vkfn thr tkuk
11. To play a role or character in a play or film fdlh ukVd ;k fiQYe esa dksbZ fdjnkj fuHkkuk
12. To impose a fine/a penalty/a tax/a ban fdlh ij dksbZ
fine, tax ;k izfrca/ (ban) yxkuk
13. To impart information/knowledge to To pass an information/knowledge to somebody/fdlh dks dksbZ
somebody lwpuk ;k tkudkjh nsuk
14. To pay his attention to somebody/something Apply his attention to somebody/something/fdlh O;fDr ;k
oLrq ij è;ku nsukA
15. To amass wealth To collect huge wealth/cgqr lkjh èku&nkSyr bdV~Bh djukA
16. To abjure violence/religion To leave violence or one’s religion/fgalk R;kxuk ;k viuk èkeZ NksM
17. To ameliorate condition/situation To improve any bad situation/condition/fdlh cqjh fLFkfr dks
lqèkkjuk
18. To alleviate pain To lessen pain/nnZ de djukA
19. To abrogate/repeal a law To end a law/fdlh dkuwu dks [kRe djukA
20. To appease anger/curiosity To calm down anger or satisfy curiosity/Øksèk ;k ftKklk dks 'kkar
djukA
21. To accomplish a task/mission To complete a work/dk;Ziw.kZ djukA
22. To achieve one’s goal/aim To get the target/viuk y{; izkIr djukA
23. To allay one’s fear/doubt To remove one’s fear or doubt/fdlh ds Mj ;kdoubt dks nwj djukA
24. To avert danger To escape from a dangerous situation /[krjukd fLFkfr ls cpukA
25. To adjourn a meeting/trial To postpone/fdlh meeting dks Vkyuk ;k LFkfxr djuk

Cloze Test Subject verb Agreement
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.1
3.2 Subject Verb Agreement
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT • Each boy and each girl were given a pen (×)
• Each boy and each girl was given a pen ()
fdlh HkhSentence esaverb, subject ds number
(singular, plural ) ,oa person (1st, 2nd, 3rd) ds vuqlkj iz;ksx5. vxj nksnoun 'and' ls tqM+sbut
gksa
,d gh pht dk sense ns
gksrh gS eryc vxj
subject plural gS rks verb Hkh plural vkSj vxj rkssingular verb vkrh gSA
subject singular gS rksverb Hkh
singular gksxh • The horse and carriage are ready (×)
• They is honest (×) • The horse and carriage is ready ()
• They are Honest ( ) More such pairs – bread and butter, rice and curry,
• He is honest ( ) slow and steady, horse and carriage, hammer and
sickle, crown and glory, etc.
• He are honest (×)
6. tc nksnoun ;k pronoun 'as well as, in addition to,
Note:– SVA ds question fliQZ present tense ;k was/
besides, like, unlike, with, along with, together
were ds lkFk gh gksrs gSawas/were
D;ksafd ds vykokpast esa with, accompanied by, guided/headed/ led by, and
rFkkfuture esasingular plural ugha gksrsA not, but, except, rather than', etc. ;k fdlh vU;
Singular personal pronouns– he, she, it preposition ls tqMs gksa rksges'kk igys
verb Noun ds fglkc
Plural personal pronouns– we, you, they ls vk;sxhA
I ds lkFkpresent esa
'am' rFkk
past esa
was vkSj ckdh
cases • Hetvik as well as his parents are coming (×)
esaplural verb dk use fd;k tkrk gSA • Hetvik as well as his parents is coming ()
1
Singular verbs – is, was does, has, (v +s/es) • He together with his mates are absent (×)
1
Plural verbs – are, were, do, have, (v ) • He together with his mates is absent ()
1. vxj sentence dk subject ,d singular noun gks rks7. ;fn nkssubject not only __ but also, neither __ nor,
verb singular vkrh gSA either __ or ls tqM+s gksa
verbrks
utnhd okyssubject ds fglkc
• Radhika are going to market (×) ls vkrh gSA
• Radhika is going to market () • Neither Radhika nor her parents wants to live
• Rumal do not want to marry her (×) in Mumbai (×)
• Rumal does not want to marry her () • Neither Radhika nor her parents want to live
in Mumbai ()
2. vxj subject ,d plural noun gks rks
plural verb vkrh gS
• Not only you but also your brother are going to
• People so desperate these days (×)
be punished. (×)
• People are so desperate these days ()
• Not only you but also your brother is going to
• Many men doesn't know how to behave (×)
be punished ()
• many men don't know how to behave ()
8. vxj subject, each, either, neither, none, any,
3. vxj nkssingular noun 'and' ls tqM+s gksa
verbrks
plural everyone, everything, nothing, no one, anyone,
vkrh gSA someone, etc. gks rks
verb singular vkrh gSA
• Radhika and Kavita was not friends (×) • Everyone were enjoying the party (×)
• Radhika and Kavita were not friends () • Everyone was enjoying the party ()
4. vxj nkssingular noun 'and' esa tqM+s gksa exj muds igys • Someone are there at the door (×)
'each' ;k 'every' dk use gks rks
verb singular gh vkrh gSA • Someone is there at the door ()

Cloze Test Article and Determiner
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.2
3.2 Article & Determiner
Name Type
Definite article The
Indefinite article A, an
Demonstratives This, that, these, those
Pronouns and possessive determiners My, your, his, her, its, our, their
Quantifiers A few, a little, much, many, a lot of, most, some, any,
enough
Numbers One, ten, thirty
Distributives All, both, half, either, neither, each, every
Difference words Other, another
Pre-determiners Such, what, rather, quite

Cloze Test Tense
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.3
3.2 Tense
Tense, verb dh vyx&vyx forms gksrh gSa tks action
fdlh dk type & time crkrh gSA
Structures of Tenses
ge verb 'walk' dh forms dh enn ls Tenses ds structures dks le>saxsA
Past Present Future
Simple
(Indefinite) Walked, Walk [Add ‘s’ or ‘es’ in the base Will/shall walk
[2nd form of the verb] form (V1) of the verb.] [Will/shall + V1]
with singular number 3rd person
subject
Perfect Had walked Has/have walked Will/shall have walked
[had + past participle [Has/have + past participle (V3)] [Will/shall + past participle
(V3)] (V3)]
Continuous Was/were walking Is/am/are walking Will/shall be walking
(Progressive) [Was/were + [Is/am/are + [Will/shall be +
(verb + ing)] (verb + ing)] (verb + ing)]
Perfect Had been walking Has/have been walking Will/shall have been walking
Continuous [Had been + (verb + ing)] [Has/have been +(verb + ing)] [Will/shall have been +
(verb + ing)]
Usage of Tenses:-
Present Tense
Tenses Usage Examples
1. Present (A) Universal facts or general truths  The sun rises in the east.
Indefinite Tense
(B) Habitual actions/Frequent actions I go to school at 9 o’clock every day.
(ckj&ckj gksus okys)  Satyendra never tells a lie.
Hints  (always, every day, never,
often, seldom, sometimes, generally,
usually etc.)
(C) Future esa gksusFixed/scheduled

okys The next flight is at 8 pm tomorrow night.
actions ds fy,

Cloze Test Tense
Answer Key
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b)
9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (d)
17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (a) 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (a)
25. (b)
REINFORCE YOUR GRAMMAR
Practice
SET - 1 • Had– ;g verb dh 2nd form gS(Simple Past Tense)
Direction: In the following passage, some words have blfy;s ;g option wrong gksxkA
been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select • Are having– "be + V1 + ing", Present Continuous
the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
Tense gSA blfy;s option
;s Hkh wrong gksxkA
Farmers, as you may know, _____(1)____ a hard time of
it in Britain lately, and turning to new ways of earning • Were having– ;g option, Past Continuous
income from their land. This involves not only planting Tense esa gS blfy;s ;s wrong
Hkh gksxkA
new kinds of crops, but also some strange ways of
• Have had (have + V3)–
making money, the most unusual of which has got to
be sheep racing. Yes, you ____(2)____ me correctly. A ;g option Present Perfect Tense esa fn;k x;k gSA
farmer in the west of England now ____(3)____ sheep
tgk¡have (H.V) vkSjhad (V3 of 'have') main verb
races on a regular basis, and since last year over
100,000 pe ople _____(4)____ u p to watch the gSA
proceedings. When I _____(5)____ the farm on my way  Have (V1), Had (V2), Had (V3)
to the sea, one punter told me, and I thought I'd have a
look. According to a regular visitor, betting on sheep is  blfy;s option (b) bldk lgh answer gksxkA
more interesting than betting on horses. 2. (b) bl blank dks]elimination dk use djds] fill fd;k tk
1. (a) had (b) have had ldrk gSA
(c) are having (d) were having
Given sentence—
2. (a) hear (b) heard
Yes, you ___________ me correctly.
(c) did hear (d) both (b) and (c)
• Option (A)– hear (V1) [Simple Present Tense]
3. (a) is holding (b) held
(c) holds (d) hold D;ksafd fn;k x;k
sentence, dksbZregular or frequent
4. (a) turned (b) have turned action ugha gS] blfy;soption
;s wrong gksxkA
(c) are turning (d) both (b) and (c) • Option (c)– did hear
5. (a) have passed (b) pass • Did ,d helping verb gS] ftldks
Simple Past Tense
(c) passed (d) was passing ds non– affirmative sentence esa fy[kk tkrkdid
gS]
Answer Key hear fy[kuk xyr gksxkA blfy;s ;s Hkh
option wrong gksxkA
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) • Option (d)– both b & c
EXPLANATION • ;fn option c, igys gh xyr gks pqdk gS]

b vkSj
rksc option
1. (b) tc Hkh fdlhsentence esalately, of late, recently,
nksuksa lgh gks gh ugha ldrsA
yet, so far, etc. fn;s x;s gks rkssentence
ml esa
Present blfy;s option (d) Hkh
wrong gksxkA
Perfect Tense dk use fd;k tkrk gSA • Option (b)– heard (V2)
Given sentence— ;g ,d single time action dks fn[kkrk gSA
Farmers, as you know________ in Britain lately. (simple past tense)
blesa"lately" adverb dk use fd;k x;k gS] blfy,Present • Option (a), (c), vkSj(d) igys gheliminate gks pqds gS
Perfect Tense dk use fd;k tk;sxkA (have + V3) blfy;s option (b) lgh answer gksxkA
Cloze Test Modals
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.4
3.2 Modal Verbs
Modal Verbs gj language dk important part gksrk gSAmodal
ge verbs ds main usages dksexamples dh enn
ls le>rs gSA
Modal Main Usages Examples
1. Can (i) Ability (i) I can speak Spanish fluently.
(ii) Permission (ii) Can I go to the restroom, please?
(iii) Requests (iii) Can you please pass me the salt?
2. Could (i) Polite requests (i) Could you please pass me the salt?
(ii) Past ability (ii) When I was younger, I could run faster than
anyone in my class.
(iii) Possibility in the past (ii) He could have been a great musician if he had
continued to practice
3. May (i) Permission (i) May I go to the bathroom, please?
(ii) Possibility (ii) It may rain later, so bring an umbrella.
(iii) Uncertainty (iii) I may have left my keys at the office, but I'm not
sure.
4. Might (i) Possibility (i) It might rain later, so I'm bringing an umbrella.
(ii) Uncertainty (ii) I might have left my phone at home, I can't seem
to find it.
(iii) Polite requests (iii) Might I borrow your pen for a moment?
5. Must (i) Obligation (i) You must wear a seatbelt while driving.
(ii) Necessity (ii) You must eat something before taking your
medication.
(iii) Strong advice (iii) You must see a doctor about that persistent
cough.
6. Shall (i) Future plans or arrangements (i) We shall discuss this matter in the next meet-
ing.
(ii) Suggestions (ii) Shall we go out for dinner tonight?
(iii) Offers (iii) Shall I open the window for you?
7. Should (i) Advice (i) You should eat more fruits and vegetables.
(ii) Obligation (ii) Employees should arrive on time for work.
(iii) Expectation (iii) The report should be ready by tomorrow.
8. Will (i) Future actions (i) I will go to the store tomorrow.
(ii) Predictions (ii) The price of oil will continue to rise.
(iii) offers (iii) I will help you with your homework.
9. Would (i) Polite requests (i) Would you mind passing the salt, please?
(ii) Hypothetical situations (ii) If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
(iii) Past habits or actions (iii) When I was a child, I would spend hours playing
outside.

Cloze Test Modals
CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  MODALS

1. You ______ have come to see me today. I am feel- (a) couldn't drive/must have learnt
ing much better and ______ get around by myself (b) didn't have to drive/will be able to learn
now.
(c) wasn't able to drive/must learn
(a) mustn’t/could
(d) wasn't able to drive/shouldn't have learnt
(b) needn’t/can
9. You ______ make a mess in the house, or else
(c) might not/shouldn't your mother will be very angry.
(d) dare/may (a) can (b) mustn’t
2. I ______ travel by coach to Delhi last week (c) needn’t (d) must
because the airline pilots were on strike.
10. You ______ go home now. You ______ finish
(a) could (b) needn’t writing those emails. They can wait until
(b) had to (d) must tomorrow.
3. Now that you have a job, you ______ be more (a) cannot/must (b) cannot/mustn’t
responsible. You ______ sleep till noon any more. (c) can/needn’t (d) cannot/need
You ______ start work at 8 in the morning. You 11. According to the weather report, it ______ rain
______ dress in a suit and tie. You ______ act today, but I’m not so sure about it.
like a schoolboy any longer.
(a) might (b) can
(a) must/can't/have to/have to/can't
(c) must (d) have to
(b) have to/may/will/can/mustn't
12. Be careful with the knife! It’s very sharp, you
(c) must/won't/must/ought to/mayn’t ______ cut your finger.
(d) should/mustn't/will/have to/should (a) should (b) may
4. You ______ talk to each other if you want to settle (c) need to (d) can
your dispute. You ______ get anywhere if you both
13. Vinod asked me to check the exercises. He
refuse to discuss the matter.
thought that I ______ have made a mistake.
(a) have to/will (b) should/won't
(a) might (b) can
(c) can/could (d) had better/may
(c) should (d) may
5. It was too late! The doctor ______ help the
14. You ______ buy a dictionary; there are a lot in
patient. He told the family that they ______ too
class.
long before calling him.
(a) don’t dare (b) must
(a) wouldn't/had been waiting
(c) needn’t (d) don’t need
(b) could/have waited
15. When I was a child, I ______ play in the street
(c) couldn't/had waited with boys and girls from the neighbourhood.
(d) might/had to wait (a) won’t (b) must
6. You ______ join the meeting on Friday, but you (c) would (d) may
______ if you like.
16. He gripped his brother's arm lest he ______
(a) shouldn't/had to trampled by the mob.
(b) mustn't/needn’t (a) may be (b) will be
(c) can't/shouldn't (c) might be (d) should be
(d) needn't/can 17. Ram has broken his leg, only if he gets well soon
7. One of us ______ here because there ______ an and works hard, he ______ play the game against
urgent call. Australia.
(a) must wait/should have been (a) can (b) will be able to
(b) ought to wait/may have been (c) used to (d) has to
(c) needn't wait/must be 18. He was a salesman, so he ______ travelling up
(d) had better wait/might be and down the country.
8. Radha ______ well when she first got her driving (a) used to (b) would
licence, but she ______ it by now. (c) was used to (d) is use to

Cloze Test Non Finite Verbs
GRAMMAR
06
04
CHAPTER 4.5
3.2 Non Finite Verbs
INFINITIVES GERUNDS
"To + V1" dks lkekU;r%
Subject/object ds :i esa Noun dh rjg “V + ing” dks lkekU;r%
Subject/object ds :i esa Noun dh rjg
;k Purpose fn[kkus ds fy,
Adverb dh rjg iz;ksx djrs gSaA use djrs gSA
 Important points  Important points
• POSSESSIVE DETERMINERS + GERUND
• Bare infinitive (infinitive without ‘to’)
Gerund (v + ing) ls igys lkekU;r% Possessive
(a) tc nks infinitive structures dks'and', 'or', 'but', Determiners (my, your, his, her, our, their,
'except', 'than', 'as', 'like' vkfn ls tksM+k tkrk gS etc.) yxkrs gSaA
rks lkekU;r% ckn okys
infinitive ls igys "to" ugha Ex:- I don’t like them staying out late. (Use
yxkrsA “their staying”)
Ex:- I want to lie and to sleep for a while. (Use • PREPOSITIONS + GERUND
“to lie and sleep”) Ex:- We don’t know anything about driving a
car.
He did nothing except calling you. (Use “call”)
• PHRASES (WITH “TO”) + GERUND
(b) Let, make, bid, have, + sb/sth + V1 Be used to, habituated to, accustomed to, with
Ex:- He bade me to go out. (Use “bade me go”) a view to, look forward to, in addition to,
(c) Help + sb + (to) do/in doing devoted to, object to, given to, taken to,
addicted to, averse to, prone* to, owing to,
Ex:- He helped me to doing this. (Use “do”, “to due to, adhere to, conducive to, indifferent
do” or "in doing" instead of "to doing") to, preferable to, etc.
(d) Cannot help but + V1/Cannot help + V1 + ing Ex:- I was used to drink. (Use "drinking" in place
Ex:- Whenever I hear that song, I can't help of "to drink")
but dance. Ex:-The student was looking forward to meet the
teacher. (Use "meeting" in place of "to meet")
Ex:- Whenever I hear that song, I can't help
• VERBS + GERUND (V + ING)
dancing.
oqQN
Verbs ds ckn lkekU;r%
Gerund (V + ing) yxkrs gSaA tSls
(e) Why (should/would + sub) + V1... + when/if
Appreciate, enjoy, suggest, consider, contemplate,
+ sub ....
admit, resist, detest, dislike, it is no/much/some
Ex:- Why to stay inside if we can go out. (Use use, deny, avoid, delay, forgive, mind, to be busy,
“why stay”) can’t help, escape, anticipate, etc.

Cloze Test Non Finite Verbs
EXPLANATION SET - 2
1. (c) Stopping To become a better writer, I have been practicing
writing every day, ___(1)___ different prompts and styles.
fn;k x;ksentence dgrk gS fd tc eSa country side I enjoy ___(2)___ different characters and ___(3)___ with
(xzkeh.k {ks=k) ls xqtj jgk Fkkfruitrks dh
,d nqdku ij various structures and techniques. Sometimes I find
:ds fcuk ugha jg ldkA Active voice sentences esa myself staring at the blank page, but I keep ___(4)___
'Resist' ds cknpresent participle (V1 + ing) dk through, not allowing writer's block ___(5)___ my
progress. I believe that writing is a journey, not a
iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vr%
'stopping' ;gk¡correct answer
destination.
gSA 1. (a) to use (b) to be used
Example:- I couldn't resist looking at her. (c) used (d) using
2. (d) Tempting 2. (a) exploration (b) to explore
(c) exploring (d) explored
fn;s x, blank space esa gesa ,d adjective dh t:jr 3. (a) experimentation (b) to experiment
gS ftlls irk py lds fd oks colorful fruits dSls FksA (c) experimenting (d) to experiment
;gk¡ fn;s x,options esa ls'tempting' ,d adjective 4. (a) push (b) push away
gS ftldk vFkZ gS ^izyksfHkr djus okys*A vr%
'Tempting' (c) pushed away (d) pushing
;gk¡correct answer gSA Temptation (izyksHku) ,d 5. (a) to hinder (b) hindering
noun gS]tempt (izyksfHkr djuk) ,d verb gSa ,oa (c) hindrance (d) hindered
attempt (iz;kl ;k iz;kl djuk) ,d verb vkSjnoun Answer Key
nksuksa gSA 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a)

3. (d) Buying EXPLANATION
fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fd oks
colorful fruits 1. (d) Using
brus izyksfHkr djus okys Fks fd eSuas ,d iqjh
basket [kjhn fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fd ,d better writer
yhA'End up' ds ckn gepresent participle (V1 + cuus ds fy,] eSa gj fnu
writing dh practice dj jgk
ing) dk iz;ksx djrs gSa] vr%
'buying' ;gk¡correct gw¡] vyx&vyx prompts vkSjstyles dk bLrseky djrs
answer gSA gq,A fn;k x;k
sentence, continuity dh ckr dj jgk gS
Example:- She ended up losing her job. vr% ;gk¡ gesa present participle (V1 + ing) dh
4. (a) To bring
t:jr gSA blfy, 'using' ;gk¡choice gS tks fd ,d
present participle gS ftldk vFkZ gS& bLrseky djrs g
fn;k x;ksentence dgrk gS fd xkM+h dh rjiQ pyrs gq,
;k iz;ksx djrs gq,A
eq>s è;ku vk;k fd eSa bag ,d ykuk Hkqy x;k FkkA ;gk¡
'To use' ,d infinitive form gS]'used' ,d past
blank space ls igys 'forgotten' verb dk iz;ksx fd;k
participle gS rFkk'to be used' passive voice dk
x;k gS vkSj'forget' ds ckn geinfinitive form (to +
structure gSA
V1) dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA vr% 'to;gk¡
bring' lgh answer
2. (c) Exploring
gSA
'Enjoy' ds ckn gegerund (V1 + ing) form dk iz;ksx
Example:- I forget to mention his name on djrs gSaA vr% 'exploring'
;gk¡ lgh answer gSA
the stage.
fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fd eSa different
5. (c) To push characters dksexplore djuk ([kkstuk] vUos"k.k djuk)
fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fdfruits dh basket ilan djrk gw¡A
fy;s gq, eSa xkM+h doordk[kksyus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk Fkk] Example:- I enjoy playing cricket.
ysfdu og ugha [kqykA vkf[kjdkj eSusa mls [kksy3.fn;kA (c) Experimenting
'Manage' ds ckn geinfinitive form (to + V1) dk ;gk¡'and' ls igys gerund from (V1 + ing) dk iz;ksx
iz;ksx djrs gSaA
'Manage to do something' lgh gksxk(D;ksafd
'enjoy' ds ckngerund form vkrh gS ),
formation gS] ftldk vFkZ gSa dqN djus esa l{e gksuk*A vr% 'and' ds ckn Hkh same verb form (gerund)
vr% ;gk¡infinitive form 'to push' lgh answer gSA vk,xhA blfy, 'experimenting' ;gk¡ lghanswer gSA
Cloze Test Mood & Conditional
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.6
3.2
Mood & Conditional
MOOD imaginary (dkYifud)] ;k unreal (vokLrfod) gSA
Mood, verb dh ,d ,slh form gS] tks fdlh ckr

[matter] ds Past Subjunctive Mood dk past time ls dksbZ eryc ugha
izfr speaker ds view dksshow djrk gSA ;g fdlhfact, gSA ;gverb dh past form ds ckjs esa crkrk gSA
opinion, command, suggestion, request, wish, hy- ge Past Subjunctive Mood dk use, 'I wish', As
pothetical (imaginary) situation, or uncertainty ds
if, As though, rFkkIf only ds ckn djrs gSaA
ckjs esa crkrh gSA
(A) PAST SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD & (tks present
1. PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD:-
time dksdenote djrk gS)
;g necessity requirement, order, demand vkSj
V2 (verb dh past form) dk use Past Subjunctive Mood
prayer dksshow djrk gSAPresent Subjective Mood dk
present time ls dksbZ eryc ugha gSA
verb;gdh present esapresent time dksdenote djus ds fy, gksrk gSA ysfdu
V2
form ds ckjs esa crkrh gSA

ds :i esa ge 'was' dk use u djds 'were' dk use djrs gSA
I wish I am a teacher. [×]
V1 (verb dh base from) verb dh present from gS] vr%
I wish I was a teacher. [×]
Present Subjective Mood esaV1 dk use gksrk gSA
I wish I were a teacher. []
[Note-1] fuEufyf[kr
adjectives- especially os tksthat
clause ds lkFkuse gksrs gS] ds Subjective
lkFk Mood dk (B) PAST SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD - (tkspast time dks
use gksrk gSA & essential, important, impera-
crucial, denote djrk gS)
tive, necessary, urgent, advisable etc. ge Past subjunctive mood esa[Had + V3] dk use past
Structure  [It is + adjective + that + Present time dksdenote djus ds fy, djrs gSaA
Subjunctive Mood]
I wished I have gone there. [×]
[Note -2] fuEufyf[kr
verbs especially os tksthat clause
I wished I had gone there. [] Sp
ds lkFkuse gksrh gS] ds lkFk
Subjunctive Mood dk use
gksrk gS&
insist, demand, advise, urge, require, ask dqqN
Special structures
vkSjorder.  I wish, would that, if only, oh that - ;s phrases,

(A) It is necessary that everyone come on time. imagination (dYiuk) dksshow djrs gSA
(B) My teacher ordered that everyone be on time blfy, bu phrases ds lkFkPast Subjective Mood dk
at party.
use djrs gSA
(C) I insisted that the council reconsider its deci-
sion. high time/right time/ approriate time 
(D) All of his friends advised him that he help his  It is + about time/ right opportunity  +
 
girlfriend.
(Subject + V2/were)
(E) The job requires that candidates be experienced
in Java Script. high time/right time/ apt time 
It was +   + (Sub-
2. PAST SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD:- about time/ right opportunity 
;g verb dh og form gS tks ;s crkrh gSasituation
fd ject + had + V3)
Cloze Test Mood & Conditional
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Conditional sentences, nks
clauses ls feydj curs gSaA
(1) Subordinate clause (If-clause) - ftlesacondition nh gksrh gSA
(2) Main clause - ftlesa nh xbZ
condition dk result fn;k gksrk gSA
Conditionals Usage Structure and Example
Scientific/general truth ds fy, If + Present Indefinite, Present Indefinite

REAL & bldk use djrs gSA If water is heated to 100 degrees centigrade, it
PROBABLE begins to boil.
CONDITIONALS Future dh possible condition If + Present Indefinite, Future Indefinite
ds fy, bldk use djrs gSA If you come to me, I will teach you.
HYPOTHETICAL Present dh unreal vkSjimaginary If + past Indefinite (V2), Would +V1 Or

CONDITIONALS condition ds fy, bldk use djrs gSaA
If + sub + were , Would + V1
If he worked hard, he would pass the exam.

If he were my brother, I would help him.
If + Had + V3 , Would + have + V3

UNREAL Past dh unreal vkSjimaginary
CONDITIONALS condition ds fy, bldk use djrs If she had got up earlier, she would have arrived on time.
gSaA She would have had time for a shower if she had got
up early
CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  CONDITIONALS & MOODS

WRITE THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERBS IN 10. It is right time we ______ the examination hall.
BRACKETS. (Leave)
1. If you heat air, it volume ______ (Increase). 11. I suggested that she ______ her lawyer before sign-
2. If it doesn’t rain for a long time, the earth ______ ing the contract. (Consult)
very dry (Get). 12. It was almost midnight, It was high time we ______
3. If everyone ______ us three euros, we would have home. (Return)
had enough money to pay for the drinks. (Give) 13. Raju is very poor; I wish he ______ a wonderful
4. The police ______ him if they caught him. (Arrest) house. (Have)
5. If I ______ you, I would go to the headmaster and 14. If you mix red and blue, you ______ purple. (Get)
tell him about the incident. (Be) 15. If you told them the truth, they ______ you. (Not
6. If the goalkeeper had missed that ball, the team believe)
______ the match. (Not win) 16. If I ______ the newspaper this morning, I would
7. If the man ______ me, he wouldn’t have fallen down have known about the bus strike. (Read)
the stairs (Not follow) 17. If aliens ______ to visit me one day, I would take
8. If I earned enough money, I ______ around the them to the zoo. (Be)
world. (Travel) 18. If Spiderman and Superman were real, they ______
9. It is imperative that all of the students ______ to work overtime to fight crime in today’s world.
present at school on time. (Be) (Have)

Cloze Test Pronoun
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.7
3.2 Pronoun
Pronoun og word gS] tks  gesa uhps fn;s x;s
noun dh txg use gksrk gSA ;g bu dkscloze test dks vPNk djus ds fy,
topics
Noun dh rS;kj djuk gSA
fdlh paragraph ;k piece of writing (ys[ku) esa
repetition u gks] blfy,use gksrk gSA 1. Personal pronouns and cases
2. Special usage of ‘one’
For Example:-
3. Agreement of pronouns with verbs
Ram is the monitor of this class.(Noun) 4. Relative pronouns and antecedents
He is my brother. (Pronoun) 5. Reflexive pronouns
1. Personal Pronouns
PERSON NOMINATIVE ACCUSATIVE POSSESSIVE CASE REFLEXIVE
CASE CASE PRONOUN
(used as a (used as an Possessive Possessive
subject) object) determiner pronoun
(adjective)
I Me My Mine Myself
FIRST We Us Our Ours Ourselves
SECOND You You Your Yours Yourself/yourselves
He Him His His Himself
THIRD She Her Her Hers Herself
It It Its ____ Itself
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
2. Special usage of ‘one’ (B) One cannot choose freedom for oneself with-
One (Number) = 1 out choosing it for others. []
One (Pronoun) = ;g Noun dh repetition avoid djus ds fy, (C) One should never criticize if he is not sure of
use gksrk gS] tc vki fdlh ds ckjs esa ckr dj jgs gaS] ftldh ckr igys his facts. [×]
Hkh gks pqdh gSA bldk'people
eryc in general' Hkh gSA (D) One should never criticize if one is not sure
Examples:- of one’s facts. []
(A) Our car is always breaking down, but we are 3. Agreement of Pronouns with Verbs
getting a new one soon. (Pronoun) (Pronouns dk Verb ds lkFkAgreement)
(B) There is only one girl in my life.  (Number) (i) Each, Every, Everybody, Everything, Everyone,
Note:- Nobody, Nothing, None, Anybody, Anything,
(1) It is never used to replace uncountable nouns. Anyone, Somebody, Someone, Something, This,
(2) Possessive form of ‘one’  one’s. That, Either, Neither – ;s pronouns, singular ekus
(3) Reflexive form of 'one'  oneself. tkrs gS

a] gesa buds lkFk
singular verb dk use djuk gS vkSj
(4) Plural form of 'one' ones plural pronouns [their, theirs and themselves] dk
use ugha djuk gSA
Examples:-
(A) One cannot choose freedom for himself with- (ii) Few, a few, the few, both, many, several – gesa buds
out choosing it for others. [×] lkFkplural verb dk use djuk gSA
Cloze Test Pronoun
19. I haven't been able to find ______ who might be Answer Key
able to help me. There must be ______ who knows
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b)
the correct way to fill out this application!
(a) someone/anyone (b) no one/someone 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (b)
(c) anyone/no one (d) anyone/someone 9. (a) 10. (b) 11. (c) 12. (c)
20. ______ year I take out ______ my old clothes and 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d)
sort out the ______ I don't want to keep. 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (d)
(a) every/any/one (b) all/all/any
(c) every/some/ones (d) each/all/ones
Practice
SET - 1 2. (b) Others
It's important to take care of ___(1)___, both physically ;gk¡ fn;k x;ksentence dgrk gS fd vki nwljksa dh en~n
and mentally. You can't help ___(2)___ if you're not ugha dj ldrs vxj vki Lo;a vkius vki dks vPNk eglwl
feeling your best. Take some time each day to do ugha dj jgs gSaA ;gk¡ ^nwljksa* ds fy,
'others' lgh 'kCn gSA
something that makes you feel good whether it's • Other = nwljk
taking a walk, reading a book, or practicing a hobby,
make sure it's something that ___(3)___ enjoy. Don't Other's = nwljs dkpossessive
( form of 'other')
compare yourself to ___(4)___, focus on your own Others' = nwljksa(possessive
dk form of 'others')
progress and growth. Your journey is unique and 3. (a) Sentence esa gesanoun clause esa'enjoy' verb ds
special. Remember that your happiness is ___(5)___ to
fy;s subject dh vko';drk gS vr%'you' correct
own, no one else's. Embrace your strengths and
weaknesses, they make you who you are. answer gSA
1. (a) you (b) your 4. (a) 'To' preposition ds fy;s object dh need gS rFkk
(c) yours (d) yourself object ds fy;snoun/pronoun dk use fd;k tkrk gS
2. (a) other (b) others vr% "others" correct answer gSA
(c) other's (d) others' 5. (c) bl sentence esa gesapossession dh t:jr gSA fn;k
3. (a) you (b) yourself x;k sentence dgrk gS% ;kn jf[k;s fd vkidh [kq'kh]
(c) yours (d) your's
vkidh viuh [kq'kh gSA vFkkZr~
your happiness is your
happiness. ;gk¡'your happiness' dks nqckjk fy[kus
4. (a) others (b) another
dh ctk, ge possessive pronoun 'yours' dk iz;ksx
(c) another's (d) other
djsxsa] tks
'your' vkSj'happiness' nksuksa dks n'kkZrk
5. (a) yourself (b) your
You = pronoun
(c) yours (d) your's
Your = possessive determiner
Answer Key
Yours = possessive pronoun
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c)
SET - 2
EXPLANATION
The library was a treasure trove of knowledge,
1. (d) Yourself with shelves upon shelves of books ___(1)___ had been
Reflexive pronoun dk use 'object' ds :i esa fd;k written by authors from all over the world I couldn't
decide ___(2)___ book to read first, so I asked the
tkrk gS tcsubject and object dk use ,d gh person librarian, ___(3)___ kindly suggested a few titles that
ds fy;s fd;k tk;sA might interest me. One of the books, ___(4)___ had a
"Sentence esa 'you' hidden subject gSa vr%object beautiful cover, caught my eye. I asked the librarian
whose work it was, and she told me it was written by a
ds fy;syourself dk use fd;k tk;sxk D;ksafd
subject & renowned author ___(5)___ had won many awards for
object ,d gh person dksrefer dj jgs gSaA her writing. I couldn't wait to start reading it.

Cloze Test Conjunction
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.8
3.2 Conjunction
Conjunction og 'kCn gS tks words, phrases, clauses ;k sentences dks tksM+rk gSA
geus vkids fy, bl Topic dks rhu fgLlksa esa ckaVk gS ftlls vki lgh Øe esa T;knk vPNs ls phtsa le> ldsaA
Conjunction
Sub-ordinate Co-ordinate Co-relatives

Conjunctions Conjunctions
;saConjunctions ,d ;saConjunctions ,d ;gk¡nksConjunctions ,d

sentence esadependent sentence esanksindependent sentence esa
pair esa
use gSA
gksrs
clauses dkstksM+rs
gSaA clauses dkstksM+rs
gaSA Pair words dks xyrnsdjvDlj
exams esa
error fn,tkrsgSA
Note: Clause (Sub. + Verb) ,d gh Sentence esa nks ;k nks ls T;knk gks ldrs gSa] gesa
clause dks
gjintroduce djus ds fy,
,d conjunction dk use djuk iM+rk gSA
SUB-ORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunction Meaning & Usage Structure & Examples

WHEN ‘At the time or during the I was playing chess when I first saw her. (at the time)
time’ (tc ;k ftl nkSjku) ds I saw her when she was playing chess. (during the time)
sense esa bldkuse gksrk gSA
;g Specific (fuf'pr) time
dksdenote djrk gSA
BEFORE ‘Earlier than' (ls igys) Before the doctor came, the patient had died.
ds sense esa bldkuse gksrk gSA
AFTER ‘Later than' ( d s ckn) I will call you after I have done my work.
ds sense esa bldkuse gksrk gSA
SINCE ;g 'beginning time' dksdenote I have not seen her since I came to Ayodhya.
djrk gSA
UNTIL ‘Up to the point in time’ (rd) We will have to wait here until the rain stops.
ds sense esa bldkuse gksrk gS
AS SOON AS ;fn ,d action ds rqjar ckn nwljkVinod stopped crying as soon as he saw the gift.
action gks rks bldk
use djrs gSA You will never guess what happened as soon as I left
my room.

CO-ORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunction Meaning & Usage Structure & Examples

FOR ;g ‘Reason’ dksdenote djrk gSA (D;ksafd)
We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.
AND ;g same rank (vFkkZr~ same part of He is very shy and coward. [×]
speech or same connotation) ds He is very shy and cowardly. []
structures dks tksM+rk gSA (vkSj) ‘Shy’ and ‘Cowardly’ are adjectives.
NOR bldk use 'negation' (euk djus) He was not there on Monday, nor on Tuesday for that
ds fy, gksrk gSA matter.
BUT ;g nksopposite meaning okys By the end of the day we were tired but happy.
words ;k sentences dks
connect djrk gSA (ysfdu)
OR ;g alternative/choice dks Are you coming or not?
denote djrk gSA (;k)
YET ;g counter argument ds fy, He has a good job, yet he never seems to have any money.
use gksrk gSA (ysfdu)
SO ;g 'purpose' (mís';) dks She called me, so I went there.
denote djrk gSA (blfy,)
CO-RELATIVES
Conjunction Meaning & Usage Examples
EITHER--OR ;g alternative/choice dks Candidates can opt for either a paper and pencil
denote djrk gSA test or a computer-based test.
NEITHER--NOR ¶nksoptions esa ls dksbZ Hkh ugha¸
You may neither go to the mall nor watch movies.
ds sense esa bldkuse djrs gaSA
NOT ONLY--BUT ;g fdlh fact dksemphasize They not only have two houses in Mumbai,
ALSO djrs gq, mlesa oqQNadd vkSj
djus but also have one in Kolkata.
esause gksrk gSA
BOTH --AND ;g two persons or two things Both the captain and players has worked
ds inclusion (lekos'k) ds fy, hard to win the match.
use gksrk gSA
WHETHER --OR vxj fdlh close esa nks
alternatives She didn’t know whether he was laughing or crying.
;k choices gks rks bldkuse
djrs gSaA
NO SOONER -- ;fn igys action ds rqjar ckn nwljk
No sooner had she finished one project
THAN action ?kfVr gks
rks ge bldkuse than she started working on the next.
djrs gaSA
HARDLY/SCARCELY ;fn igys action ds rqjar ckn nwljk
Hardly had I reached the station when the train came.
--WHEN action ?kfVr gks rks ge bldk
use Scarcely had I reached the station when the train arrived.
djrs gaSA
CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  CONJUNCTIONS

1. I'm not going to start looking for a job ________ I 12. ______ had he started playing chess ______ some-
have finished my studies. one knocked the door.
(a) By the time (b) If (a) Hardly/when (b) Scarcely/than
(c) In case (d) until (c) No sooner/than (d) No sooner/when
2. ________ did I leave the shop ________ I remem- 13. I can’t decide ________ I’ll take Chemical Engineer-
bered that I'd left my credit card there. ing ______ take Medical Technology in the college.
(a) Either/or (b) Neither/nor (a) Whether/or (b) Neither/Nor
(c) Either/or (d) Both/All
(c) Both /and (d) No sooner/than
14. You always dump your clothes on the bed ________
3. You'd better go by car rather than take a taxi, _____
I tell you to hang them.
you need to take Laxmi home from the hospital.
(a) If (b) Whenever
(a) Until (b) In case
(c) Since (d) Because
(c) Unless (d) If
15. It would be futile to suggest alternatives to her
4. ________ prices are falling in absolute terms, en- ________ she has the habit of doing what she
ergy is still expensive. thinks is right.
(a) But (b) Because (a) So (b) Because
(c) Unless (d) Although (c) Neither (d) But
5. I'll be at home all day so you can come and see me 16. Vinod was late in reaching the meeting point _____
________ you want. his bicycle had a flat tyre half way on his ride.
(a) Whenever (b) Whichever (a) So that (b) If
(c) Whoever (d) Whatever (c) Although (d) As
6. The play starts in half an hour; ________ we hurry, 17. ________ we are not the best of friends, he always
we're going to be late. helps me ________ I ask him.
(a) Although/But (b) Because/If
(a) When (b) In case
(c) Although/If (d) Though/In case
(c) Unless (d) If
18. They do not dare to be free ________ the spirit of
7. The first applicant for the post was both fast ______ liberty ________ contagious.
efficient, ________ we hired her immediately.
(a) Lest/become (b) Lest/should become
(a) Also/so (b) And/and (c) If/will become (d) Both ‘A’ and ‘B’
(c) And/so (d) But/and 19. She was aware of the fact that she was not re-
8. ________ her temperature is so high, she will have sponsible for her parents' state of mind, ________
to stay in bed for a few days. was she responsible for the state of their marriage.
(a) Unless (b) Until (a) Either (b) Nor
(c) As (d) Whether (c) And (d) So
9. I went to library with Himesh, ________ I came 20. He is a well-known celebrity ________ his attitude
without him; ________ he had a lot more work to towards his fans is poor ________ many people are
beginning to ignore his new songs _______ records.
do than I did.
(a) But/that/as
(a) But/so (b) Because/as
(b) And / whereas/as well as
(c) But /whether (d) But/because
(c) But/if/as well
10. Snakes are the most stationary of all vertebrates
(d) however/so/and
________ a locality affords them food and shelter
they have no inducement to change it.
Answer Key
(a) As soon as (b) As long as
(c) Although (d) However
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (a)
11. ________ the teacher entered the room ________
everyone got quiet. 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
(a) Hardly/than (b) Scarcely/when 11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (b)
(c) No sooner/when (d) No sooner/than 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (b) 20. (d)

Practice
2. (a) Even if
SET - 1
fn;k x;ksentence dgrk gS fd vxj eSa tYnh esa Hkh gk
___(1)___ I don't forget anything important, I always
make a to-do list before leaving the house. ___(2)___
gw¡] rc Hkh FkksM+k
time ysrk gw¡ t:jh phtksa dks tqVkus
I'm in a hurry, I try to take a few minutes to jot down bdV~Bk djus dhA
everything I need to do. ___(3)___ I have my list, I can ;gk¡conjunction, 'even if' (;|fi] vxj) lgh an-
feel organized and in control of my day. ___(4)___ I fol- swer gS] ftldk vFkZ 'despite
gS the possibility
low my plan, I know that I won't forget anything cru- that', or 'despite the fact that'.
cial. ___(5)___ I started making to-do lists, my produc- Example:- I'm going to the party even if it
tivity has increased, and I feel less stressed. rains.
1. (a) after (b) as much as • So that = (rkfd) used to introduce a clause of
(c) in order that (d) before purpose
2. (a) even if (b) just as Example:- I'm going home so that I can watch
(c) so that (d) until a movie.
3. (a) whether (b) provided that • Until = (rd] tc rd) up to the point in time or
the event mentioned
(c) which (d) whereas
• Just as = (mruk fd] mruk gh)
used to emphasize
4. (a) although (b) supposing
that something is equally large, good, bad, etc.
(c) as long as (d) rather than
Example:- Animals feel pain just as much as
5. (a) lest (b) even though we do.
(c) as though (d) since 3. (b) Provided that
Answer Key fn;k x;ksentence dgrk gS fd vxj esjs ikl esjhlist
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) gS rks eSa laxfBr eglwl djrk gq¡ vkSj vius fnu dks fu;a
ldrk gq¡A vfirq t:jh phtksalist
dh esjs ikl uk gksus ij eSa
EXPLANATION
fc[kjk gqvk eglwl djrk gq¡ vkSj fnu Hkj phtsa vfu;af=k
1. (c) In order that gSaA ^vxj* ds esa
sense conjunction, 'provided that'
fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fd eSa ges'kk'to-do
,d lgh answer gS] ftldk vFkZ'if'gSor 'only if'.
list' cukrk gw¡ rkfd eSa tks dqN Hkh t:jh gS] oks Hkwy uk tkÅ¡A
Example:- He's welcome to come along pro-
^rkfd* dssense esa ;gk¡'in order that' lgh con- vided that he behaves himself in the party.
junction gS ftldk vFkZ gS&so that (rkfd)A • Whether = (;k] nksuksa esa ls dkSu&lk)
expressing a
doubt or choice between alternatives
'In order that' dk iz;ksx
'a clause of purpose' dks
Example:- She still seems undecided whether
introduce djkus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
to go or stay.
Example:- We ought to leave early in order • Whereas = (tcfd) in contrast or comparison
that we may not miss the train. with the fact that
• Before = (igys) in advance of the time when Example:- You treated the matter lightly
Example:- They lived rough for ten days be- whereas I was quite serious.
fore they were arrested. 4. (c) As long as
• After = (ckn esa] ds ckn)
during the period of time fn;k x;k sentence dgrk gS fd tc rd fd eSa viuk
following an event plan follow djrk gw¡] eSa tkurk gw¡ fd eSa dqN Hk
Example:- Bath time ended in a flood after the (ckr] dke] pht) ugha HkqyqaxkA ;gk¡ as' lgh
'as long
taps were left running. answer gS] ftldk vFkZ gS& tc rd ;k tgk¡ rdA
• As much as = (ftruk fd) even though, despite Example:- You can have this dog as long as
the fact that you promise to take care of it.
Example:- As much as I respect him, I still • Although = (gkykafd] ;|fi) in spite of the fact
have to disagree with him on this point. that or even though

Cloze Test Adjective & Adverb
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.9
3.2 Adjectives & Adverbs
ADJECTIVES ADVERBS
DEFINITION Adjective oks 'kCn gksrs gSa tks fdlh Adverb oks 'kCn gksrs gSa tks fdlhadjectives
verbs,
noun ;k pronoun ds fy, iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSaA
;k nwljs
adverb ds fy, iz;ksx fd, tkrs gSaA
Adjectives ds var esa lkekU;r%
-ful, -ish,
IDENTIFICATION -ous,-able, -some, -al, -ic, -ive, –less Adverbs ds var esa lkekU;r%
Suffix (-ly) vkrk gSaA
vkfnsuffixes vkrs gSaA Examples:-
Examples:- efficiently, easily, quickly, ferociously,
careful, industrious, capable, fiercely , abruptly, absolutely,
cumbersome, logical, classic, absurdly, accidently, etc.
submissive, careless, etc.
(Noun + ly)  ;g adjective dh rjg use oqQN

adverb 'ly' ls end ugha gksrs'ly'
gSAyxkus ls mudk
gksrk gSA meaning change gks tkrk gSA
NOUN ADJECTIVE 1. ‘Fastly’ is never used.
Miser Miserly He runs very fastly.  [×]
Friend Friendly He runs very fast.  []
Coward Cowardly 2. Hard = with great effort
IMPORTANT Woman Womanly Hardly = almost no
POINTS Man Manly 3. Free = without payment
Time Timely Freely = independently
King Kingly 4. Late = with delay
Home Homely Lately = recently
Body Bodily
Brother Brotherly
Mother Motherly
Exercise 3. My dad always has to take sides. He is never

________. (Object)
Use the word in brackets to form a new word that fits
into each blank. 4. I have been ________ of him since the day I met
him. (Suspect)
1. When I came to the city after 20 years, it was
completely ________. Everything was so different. 5. My brother is such an ________ young man. He
(Recognize) never does any exercise and seldom goes out of
2. Young people who grew up in the 1960s lived in a the house. (Act)
________ society. Almost everything was allowed. 6. Sattu made some ________ points against a strong
(Permit) opponent. (Decide)

Cloze Test Adjective & Adverb
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.10
3.2 Conjunctive Adverbs
Conjunctive Adverbs ,sls adverbs gksrs gaSsentences
tks dksconnect djus dk dke djrs gSaA
Conjunctions fliZQclauses dksconnect djrs gSa tcfdconjunctive adverbs nks sentences dksconnect djrs gSaA
geus uhps oqQN vko';d
Conjunctive Adverbs dk usage vkidksexamples ds lkFk le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA
Note:- Sentence dgk¡ ij [kRe gksrk gS ;g ge vklkuh
fulllsstop [.] dks ns[kdj tku ysaxsA vr% ;gha ls gesa
note;gdj
Hkhysuk
pkfg, fd conjunctive adverbs lkekU;r% Sentences
nks ds chp full stop ds ckn vkrs gSaA
CONJUNCTIVE MEANING & USAGE EXAMPLES
ADVERBS
HOWEVER However dk use Adverb dh rjg gksrk gS 1. We thought the figures were correct.
tks nks
opposite meaning ds sentences/ However, we have discovered some errors.
clauses dksconnect djrk gSA
However nwljs sentence/clause dh 2. He didn’t want to go to school today.
'kq:vkr esa
use gksrk gS tksopposite
fd However, he had a very important exam.
meaning show djrk gSA igys sentence
ds cknHowever ds ckncomma (,) dk 3. Some of the food crops failed.
use dj ldrs gaSA However, the cotton did quite well.
NEVERTHELESS ge However ;k Nevertheless nksuksa esa 1. There is little chance that we will succeed
ls fdlh dks Hkh nwljs
sentence dh 'kq:vkr in changing the law. Nevertheless, it
esause dj ldrs gSaA[tksfirst sentence ds is important that we try.
opposite gksa
]
Nevertheless, However ls FkksM+k T;knk 2. It was a cold, rainy day. Nevertheless, more
formal vkSjemphatic gSA people came than we had expected.
NONETHELESS bldk use Nevertheless ds tSlk gh gksrk gSA
The problems are not serious. Nonetheless,
we shall need to tackle them soon.
STILL ge still dk use ^fiQj Hkh*sense
ds The weather was cold and wet.
esa djrs gSaA Still, we had a great time.
ge Still dk use 'front position' esa
Nevertheless ds sense esa djrs gaSA
NOTWITHSTANDING bldk use fojks/kHkkl
(contrast) ds He didn’t have a lot of experience,
sense esa gksrk gSA they decided to hire him notwithstanding.
OTHERWISE bldk use ^vU;Fkk*senseds esa gksrk gSAMy parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I
couldn’t have afforded the trip.
ACCORDINGLY bldk use ^ds fglkc ls*
/^ds vuqlkj* The cost of materials rose sharply last year.
ds sense esa gksrk gSA Accordingly, we were forced to increase our prices.
FURTHERMORE ^blds vykok* ds
sense esa bldkuse He said that he had not discussed the matter
gksrk gSA with her. Furthermore, he had not even
contacted her.

Cloze Test Preposition
06
04 GRAMMAR
CHAPTER 4.11
3.2 Preposition
Preposition ,d Part of speech gS tks 'kCnksa ds chp dksshow djrh gSA
relation Preposition og 'kCn gS tks fdlh
noun phrase
;k Pronoun dks fdlh nwljh 'kCn Verb
tSls ;k nwljs
Noun ;k Adjective Lks
relate djrh gSA
Preposition of Location & Direction
PREPOSITION MEANING & USAGE EXAMPLES
1. In class/in India
1. In fdlh enclosed (3D) area ds vanj fdlh ds gkus dks2. In the book
n'kkZus ds fy,
in dk use djrs gSaA 3. In the car/in a taxi
4. You look serious in this photo.
1. Specific place ( Point) dks n'kkZus ds fy, 1. At school/work
2. At at dk use djrs gaSA
2. Work place (tgk¡ vki dqN djus x;s gkas) dks n'kkZus
2. At station/library
ds fy, Hkhat dk use djrs gaSA
1. I left the keys on the table.
3. On ;g surface or line dksdenote djrk gSA 2. My apartment is on the fourth
floor.
4. To ;g Destination (xarO;
) & Recipient (izkIrdrkZ) 1. He goes to school daily.
dksdenote djrk gSA 2. He gave a pen to me.
1. I received a suspicious
5. From ;g Origin/Source dksdenote djrk gSA email from my bank.
2. A letter from my brother
6. Towards ;g Direction dksdenote djrk gSA I suddenly saw a dog running
towards me.
1. ,d side ls nwljh
side ds movement ds fy, 1. I draw a line across the page.
7. Across bldk use djrs gSaA
(For 2D objects)
2. fdlh LFkku ds
every part dksdenote djus 2. Her family is scattered
ds fy, bldk use djrs gSaA across the country.
1. By means of/ds ekè;e ls 1. You can achieve success
8. Through through hard work
2. ,d side ls nwljh
side ds movement ds fy, 2. I entered the room through an
bldk use djrs gSaA
(For 3D objects) open window.
9. Between bldk Use nks O;fDr;ksa ;k oLrqvksa ds fy, fd;k tkrkBetween
gSA the devil and the deep
blue sea
10. Among bldk Use nks ls vf/d O;fDr;ksa ;k oLrqvksa ds France is among the countries
ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA of Western Europe.

Cloze Test Preposition
11. Below Lower than something His performance is below my expectation.
(,d standard ds lanHkZ
) esa
1. Higher than something 1. Put a blanket over the sleeping child.
12. Over (Vertical position) 2. A lamp hanging over the table
2. Covering sense 3. The cat jumped over the table.
3. Motion
1. Lower than something 1. There is a cat under the table.
13. Under (Vertical position) 2. The country is now under martial law.
2. Controlling somebody/something
(fdlh dks vf/dkj esa ysus ds lanHkZ esa)
14. At Target She pointed a gun at her.
15. About 1. On the subject of (Topic) 1. A book about flowers
2. In many directions (Movement) 2. He looked about the room.
1. Opposing somebody/something 1. This action is against the law.
16. Against (fdlh ds f[kykiQ)
2 Touching somebody/something 2. Put the piano against the wall.
(Physical support)
17. Along Parallel to something Along the road
(fdlh ds lekukUrj)
18. Off Away from something 1. I fell off the ladder.
(vyx gksus ds
sense esa) 2. He has had ten days off school.
19. Into 1. Inward motion 1. Come into the house.
2. Transformation of state 2. Ice turns into water.
20. In spite of/ ;g ‘Contrast’ n'kkZrk gSA He went there despite being ill.
Despite (ds ckotwn)
[CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  PREPOSITION]

1. Pramod had left his guitar ________ the bed before 5. Because he works ________ a farm, Carl always
he got ________ his room. goes to bed very early and gets up ________ dawn.
(a) on/into (b) on/out of (a) at/– (b) onto/in
(c) in/into (d) to/out of (c) on/at (d) in/on
2. It takes about ten minutes to drive ________ this
6. Farmers are usually ________ the fields from early
tunnel.
________ the morning ________ late ________ night
(a) through (b) across ________ the summer.
(c) between (d) among
(a) on/on/until/to/at
3. Our next chemistry class is ________ 11 o 'clock
________ Tuesday. (b) in/at/to/at/in
(a) at/from (b) on/on (c) at/in/to/on/during
(c) at/on (d) at/in (d) in/in/till/at/in
4. As the truck was going slowly ________ the slope, I 7. ________ we didn't have many toys when we were
was driving right ________ it. kids, we used to enjoy ourselves a lot.
(a) off/in front of (b) down / between (a) as soon as (b) except for
(c) along/over (d) up / behind (c) although (d) despite

Cloze Test Fixed Preposition
05
CHAPTER
FIXED PREPOSITIONS
1. Abound in/with = full of & Hkjk gqvk 12. Charge of a crime = iqfyl }kjk yxk;k x;k vkjksi
2. Admit to/into = to allow sb to enter a place & izos'k Charge with a crime (verb) = fdlh O;fDr ij vkjksi
djuk yxkukA
Admit of = to show that sth is possible as a Charge against sb = fdlh O;fDr ij iqfyl }kjk vkjksi
solution & Lohdkj djuk yxkukA
3. Agree to a proposal &fdlh izLrko vkfn ls lger gksuk Charge for sth = to ask money for goods or service
Agree to do sth & dqN djus dks lger
gksuk & fdlh lkeku ;k lsok ds cnys esa iSls ysukA
Agree with sb & fdlh O;fDr ls lger gksuk 13. Die in an accident = nq?kZVuk esa ej tkuk
4. Angry at sth & fdlh ckr ij Øksf/r gksuk Die for sth = be killed in defending sth & fdlh oLrq
Angry with sb & fdlh O;fDr ls Øksf/r gksuk

dh j{kk djus esa ej tkukA
Die of a disease & chekjh ds dkj.k ej tkuk
5. Answer to a question/letter & mÙkj nsuk
Answer for = to accept responsibility or blame for Die from some cause = fdlh dkj.k ls ej tkuk
sth & tokcnsg gksuk 14. Deal in = to buy or sell a particular product & fdlh
6. Abstain from = to stay away from something, product fo'ks"k
dks [kjhnus@cspus dk dke djukA
decide not to do something & cpuk] ijgst djuk Deal with sb/sth = to do business with a person
7. According to & ds vuqlkj or a company & O;kikj djuk (fdlh O;fDr ;k daiuh ds
le;)
In accordance with & ds vuqlkj
Deal with sth = to solve a problem & leL;k dk lekèkku
[Note:- 'In accordance with' is a more formal phrase
and refers only to laws and rules. 'According to' djuk
simply means any source of information.] 15. Differ with sb = to disagree &vlger gksuk
8. Blind in one eye & vk¡[k ls fn[kkbZ u nsuk Differ from sth/sb = be unlike & ds leku u gksuk
Blind to sth = not noticing or realizing sth & fdlh 16. Familiar with sth = knowing something very well
ds nks"kksa dh vksj è;ku u nsukA & fdlh pht dks vPNh rjg ls tkuukA
9. Cause of = the person or thing that makes Familiar to sb = well known & ftls yksx vPNh rjg ls
something happen tkurs gksA
Cause for = a reason for having particular feelings
17. Good at sth = able to do something well & fdlh
or behaving in a particular way
dk;Z dks djus esa dq'ky
10. Consist in sth = to have something as the main
part or feature & fdlh pht esa dksbZ fo'ks"krk gksuk Good for sb/sth = be helpful, useful & mi;ksxh@ykHknk;
Consist of sb/sth = to be formed from the people

gksuk
or things mentioned & O;fDr;ksa ;k oLrqvksa dks feykdj dqNGood to sb = kind to the people & vU; yksxksa ds izfr
cuukA n;kyq
11. Compete with/against sb = fdlh O;fDr ls izfrLi/kZ djuk18. Inquire for/about sth = fdlh pht ds ckjs esa iwNukA
Compete for a title/medal, etc = dksbZ title, medal Inquire after sb = fdlh dk gkypky iwNukA
vkfn ikus ds fy, izfrLi/kZ djukA Inquire of = to ask somebody/something & fdlh ls
Compete in a contest or game = fdlh izfrLi/kZ ;k [ksy fdlh pht ds ckjs esa iwNukA
esa Hkkx ysukA Inquire into sth = tk¡p iM+rky djukA

19. Knock at/on the door = njoktk [kV[kVkuk Adjective:- Accused, acquitted, afraid, aware,
cautious, certain, characteristic, composed,
20. Mad after/for/on sth = fdlh pht ds fy, ikxy gksuk confident, conscious, convicted, convinced,
Mad with anger = xqLls ls ikxy gks tkukA deprived, desirous, devoid, diffident, dull, easy,
envious, fearful, fond, greedy, guilty, ignorant,
21. Need for sth = fdlh pht dh vko';drk gksukA
innocent, negligent, productive, proud, sensible,
(in) need of sth = fdlh pht dh vko';drk gksukA sick, suspicious, tolerant, void, weary, worthy, etc.
22. Occupied in doing sth = busy in doing something Verb:- complain, die, despair, disapprove, dispose,
& dqN djus esa O;Lr blfy, fdlh vkSj dke ds fy, le; dk u dream, judge, taste, etc.
gksukA Words followed by preposition "with"
Occupied with sth = busy with something & fdlh Nou n :- acquain tance, al li an ce , barg ai n,
comparison, conformity, enmity, intimacy,
pht esa O;Lr relation, etc.
23. Offend at sth = fdlh ckr ij Øksf/r gksukA Adjective:- afflicted, beset, busy, compatible,
Offend with sb = fdlh O;fDr ls Øksf/rA complaint, contemporary, content, contrasted,
conversant, crowded, delighted, disgusted,
24. Part from sth = fdlh oLrq ls vyx gksuk drenched, endowed, familiar, fired, gifted, infected,
Part with sb = fdlh O;fDr ls vyx gksuk inspired, intimate, invested, overcome, pleased,
popular, satisfied, etc.
25. Profit by = learn & lh[kuk] vuqHko ysuk
Verb:- associate, bear, comply, cope, correspond,
Profit from = gain & ykHk izkIr djuk credit, disagree, fill, intrigue, part, quarrel, side,
26. Popular for some quality = xq.kksa ds fy, fiz; sympathize, etc.
Popular with/among the peoople = yksxksa esa fiz; Words followed by preposition "to"
Noun:- access, accession, allegiance, alternative,
27. Quarrel over sth = fdlh ckr ij >xM+uk
an ti do te , an tipathy , appro ach, assen t,
Quarrel with sb = fdlh ls >xM+uk attachment, attention, concession, disagree,
28. Provide against adversity = izfrdwy le; ds fy, dqN dislike, encouragement, exception, incentive,
indifference, invitation, key, likeness, limit,
miyC/ djukA obedience, objection, obstruction, opposition,
Provide for sb = fdlh ds fy, dqN miyC/ djkukA reference, sequel, submission, supplement,
temptation, etc.
29. Speak for = favour djuk
Adjective:- acceptable, accessible, accustomed,
Speak of = iz'kalk djuk addicted, adequate, affectionate, agreeable,
30. Search for sb/sth = fdlh O;fDr ;k oLrq dks [kkstukA applicable, appropriate, common, committed,
condemned, comfortable, contrary, deaf, devoted,
In search of sth = [kkst djuk due, equal, essential, exposed, faithful, hostile,
Search of a place = fdlh LFkku ij (dqN) [kkstuk indebted, indifferent, inimical, irrelevant,
favourable, hurtful, liable, limited, natural,
Search into a matter = tk¡p iM+rky djuk
necessary, obedient, obliged, opposite, painful,
31. Smile at = mock at, to make a smile appear on peculiar, pertinent, preferable, prior, profitable,
your face & etkd mM+kuk] psgjs ij eqLdku ykuk prone, related, relevant, responsible, restricted,
sacred, sensible, subject, suitable, suited,
Smile on = favour & rjiQnkjh djuk] Ñik n`f"V j[kukA
supplementary, true, etc.
32. Think of = fdlh ds ckjs esa fopkj djuk Verb:- accede, adapt, adhere, apologize, appoint,
Think over a matter = to consider & è;kuiwoZd fdlh attain, attend, attribute, belong, confirm, consent,
pht ij fopkj djuk contribute, lead, listen, object, occur, prefer, refer,
succumb, surrender, testify, yield, etc.
33. Talk over a matter = fdlh eqís ij ckr djuk Words followed by preposition "from"
Talk to sb = fdlh O;fDr ls ckr djukA Noun :- absti ne nce, del iveran ce , de scen t,
exemption, inference, etc.
Words followed by some specific prepositions
Adjective:- absent, different, free, made, safe,
Words followed by preposition "of " Verb:- abstain, alight, cease, debar, derive,
Noun:- Assurance, charge, distrust, doubt, detract, deviate, differ, elicit, emerge, escape,
experience, failure, proof, result, want, beware, exclude, preserve, prevent, prohibit, protect,
etc. recoil, recover, refrain, etc.

Words followed by preposition "in" 14. What has made you so deeply afraid ___ your
Nou n:- be li ef, ch an ge , de lay, diffe re nce, teacher.
experience, fall, growth, interest, increase, 15. I was very angry ____ myself for making such a
decrease, etc. stupid mistake.
Adjective:- accomplished, accurate, backward, 16. She was very angry ____ the way she had been
bigoted, current, defective, deficient, experienced, treated.
diligent, fertile, honest, implicated, interested, 17. He felt angry ___ the injustice of the situation.
involved, proficient, temperate, versed, etc. 18. Did you get an answer ____ your last letter to her ?
Verb:- believe, delight, employ, enlist, excel, fail 19. You will have to answer ___ your behaviour one
glory, involve, indulge, participate, preserve, day.
persist, succeed, specialize, trust, etc.
20. The report ignores the root cause ___ the problem.
Words followed by preposition "on"
21. His health is giving us great cause ___ concern.
Noun:- agreement, ban, congratulations, debate,
22. She is used to dealing ___ all kinds of people in
decision, hold, information, report, etc.
her job.
Adjective:- keen, based
23. We discussed different ways of dealing ___ the
Verb:- comment, decide, deliberate, depend, problem.
determine, dwell, embark, encroach, enlarge,
24. The shop deals ___ high quality computers.
impose, insist, intrude, resolve, subsist, etc.
25. He got the chance to compete ____ professional
Words followed by preposition "for"
athletes.
Noun:- admiration, cure, desire, hope, need, 26. These children usually compete ____ their
passion, reason, respect, room, sympathy, talent, mother's attention.
etc.
27. Are you competing ____ the 400 metres?
Adjective:- anxious, celebrated, conspicuous,
customary, designed eager, eligible, eminent, fit, 28. These two athletes are competing ____ the gold
medal.
good, grateful, notorious, prepared, proper,
qualified ready, sorry, sufficient, useful, zealous, 29. Some people try hypnotism to cure themselves
etc. ____ addictions.
Verb:- care, feel, hope, pine, start, wish, wait, 30. Researchers are working to find a cure ____ the
yearn, etc. disease.
31. Their diet consists largely ____ vegetables.
Exercise–1
32. The committee consists ____ five members.
Use appropriate preposition in the blanks.
33. The beauty of the city consists ____ its historical
1. The book abounds _____ close-up images from buildings.
space.
34. Happiness does not consist ____ how many
2. Venice abounds ______ famous hotels. possessions you own.
3. I agreed _____ them on the need for change. 35. She differs ____ me on the view of life.
4. The government has finally agreed ___ the terms 36. He differs ____ me both in behaviour and morality.
of the deal. 37. There in no charge ____ cashing traveller's
5. The present sch edule doe s not admi t ___ cheques.
modification. 38. He was arrested on a charge ____ murder.
6. Victims were admitted ___ the local hospital. 39. Police have brought a charge of theft ____ the
7. The narrow windows admit little light ___ the man.
room. 40. Some people were charged ____ murder.
8. No one will be admitted ____ the theatre after the Exercise–2
show has started.
Use appropriate preposition in the blanks.
9. I found the man blind ____ one eye.
1. The name sounded vaguely familiar _____ me.
10. They seem to be totally blind ___ reality. 2. I was now getting much more familiar _____ this
11. Don't be afraid ____ admit your mistakes. area.
12. He and his father, according ___ local gossip, 3. She is getting quite good _____ reading books now.
haven't been in touch for years. 4. Too much sun is not good _____ us.
13. Entries that are not in accordance ___ the rules 5. He is very good _____ children.
will be disqualified.

Cloze Test Phrasal Verbs
06
CHAPTER
PHRASAL VERBS
Phrasal Verb ,d verb gh gS ftlds ckn

preposition ;k 14. Bear up = to remain as cheerful as possible dur-
adverb, ;k dHkh&dHkh nksuksa
use fd,Hkh
tkrs gSa vkSj ,sls esa ;g
verb ing a difficult time, to face boldly & eqf'dy le; esa Hkh
viuk Base meaning vDlj [kks nsrh gSA vr% gesa Verbs
Phrasal ftruk laHko gks lds [kq'k jguk] dfBu le; dk fgEer ls lkeuk
;kn j[kus pkfg,A djukA
15. Bear down (on) = to press on somebody/something
SET - 1 & fdlh O;fDr ;k oLrq ij ncko MkyukA
1. Act on = to take action & dk;Zokgh djuk 16. Bear on = to relate to something & fdlh ls lacaf/r
2. Act up = to behave badly, to not work properly & gksukA
cqjk O;ogkj djuk] e'khu vkfn dk lgh rjhds ls dke u djukA
17. Bear with = to tolerate, be patient & lgu djuk] /S;Z
3. Act out = to perform something with actions and j[kukA
gestures & dk;kZfUor djuk 18. Bring in = to introduce, to earn & ifjp; djkuk] dekuk
4. Break in = to train, to interrupt, to enter some- 19. Bring out = to reveal/disclose/show, to make
where illegally & izf'kf{kr djuk] ck/k Mkyuk] fdlh txg ij somebody understand & izdV djuk] n'kkZuk] le>kuk] Li"
voS/ :i ls izos'k djukA djukA
5. Break out = to spread suddenly (disease, riots,
20. Bring about = to cause & dqN ?kfVr djukA
war, etc.) & vpkud ls fdlh chekjh] fonzksg vkfn dk iQSy tkukA
21. Bring up = to raise a child & cPps dk ikyu iks"k.k djuk
6. Break up = to come to an end, to separate into
smaller parts & fdlh pht dk var gks tkuk] NksVs&NksVs Bring forth = to produce & mRiUu djuk
22. VqdM+ksa
esa cV tkukA 23. Bring down = to make somebody lose power, to
7. Break down = to stop working (a machine or ve- reduce something & fdlh dh 'kfDr dks de djuk] fdlh
hicle), to fail, to collapse emotionally & fdlh e'khu pht dks de djukA
;k okgu dk dke djuk can dj nsuk] fdlh dke dk vliQy gks Exercise
tkuk] Hkkoqd gksdj jksukA
1. The burglar had ______ while all the members of
8. Break up with = to end a relationship with some- the family were away.
body & fdlh fj'rs dk var djuk@gks tkukA (a) break in (b) broken in
9. Break through = to succeed in doing something (c) break with (d) broken out
difficult, to make a way through something us- 2. Negotiation between the shopkeeper and us has
ing force & fdlh dfBu dk;Z esa liQy gks tkuk] cy iwoZd viuk________.
jkLrk cukukA (a) break down (b) broken down
10. Break with = to end relations with someone/ (b) broken in (d) break in
something & fdlh O;fDr ;k oLrq ls laca/ [kRe gks tkukA
3. She has just _________ her boyfriend.
11. Break off = to discontinue, to become separated (a) broken up (b) broken up with
from something & fdlh dke dk :d tkuk] fdlh ls vyx (c) broken through (d) broken in
gks tkukA 4. The company has ______ and sold off.
12. Break away = to escape from someone's hold, to (a) broken up (b) broken up with
disassociate oneself & fdlh dSn ls cp dj fudy tkuk] (c) broken down (d) break up
fdlh group] ikVhZ vkfn ls vyx gks tkukA 5. Fighting has broken ______ all over the city.
13. Break into = to enter somewhere illegally & dgha (a) out (b) up
ij voS/ :i ls izos'k djukA (c) in (d) down

Cloze Test SSC CGL Mains 2022
07
CHAPTER
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
SSC CGL MAINS 2022

Direction (1-4): In the following passage, some words • Their = bldk iz;ksxPossessive Determiner ds
have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and
select the most appropriate option to fill in each rkSj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
blank. Sentence esa ;gk¡ mention ugha fd;k x;k gS fd
SET-1 Africa ds fdl part esamaasais jgrs gSA
Africa dk
The Maasais live in (1)______ very beautiful part of Africa. og part vHkhdefinite ugha gS vr% lgh mÙkj
option
They live on the wide plains in southern and northern Kenya (c) gksxkA
and northern Tanzania. The area (2)______ of miles of rolling
grass land, on which you can find thorny bushes and rocky 2. (d) Consider = to think about sth/fdlh pht ds ckjs
hills. The people move from one place to another according esa lkspuk
to the seasons, looking for grasses and other plants (3)______
which their cattle can graze. They have no permanent home. • Surround = to be all around sth/pkjksa rjiQ gksuk
When they want to settle in a place for some time, they build • Measure = to find the size/ekiuk
a kind of camp called a 'Manyatta', where a few families live
for a (4)______ weeks or months. Then they move on again, • Consist = to be formed from the people or
taking their few belongings with them, and burning the old things/O;fDr;ksa ;k oLrqvksa ls feydj cuukA
'Manyatta' to the ground.
1. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank fn, x, lHkh options esa ls dsoy'consists' ds lkFk
number 1. ghpreposition 'of' dk iz;ksx ,dfixed preposition
(a) that (b) some dh rjg gksrk gSA
'consist of' ,d phrasal verb gSA
(c) a (d) their
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank vr% lgh mÙkj 'consists' gSA
number 2. 3. (c) At = ;g point ;k target ds fy, iz;ksx gksrk gSA
(a) considers (b) surrounds
(c) measures (d) consists • With = ;g togetherness fn[kkrk gSA
3. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank • On = ;g position fn[kkrk gSA
number 3.
(a) at (b) with • By = ;g doer ;k means fn[kkrk gSA
(c) on (d) by 'Graze on' dk iz;ksx
collocation dh rjg dqNnouns
number 4. ds lkFk gksrk gSA
(a) little (b) least (Graze + on + grass/plants/junk food)
(c) significant (d) few
vr% lgh mÙkj
'on' gSA
Answer Key
Rankers' Mantra
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (d)
By vs With:-
EXPLANATION By vkSjwith nksuksa dks gh iz;ksx ;s crkus ds fy, fd;k tkrk g
1. (c) That = ;g ,d Demonstrative Determiner gS dksbZ
Action fdlds }kjk fd;k x;kA
By fdlh action dk agent
ftldk iz;ksx fdlh specific thing/person dks crkrk gS vkSj
Agent dksbZ
people, animal, situation vkSjobject
Demonstrate djus ds fy, djrs gSA gks ldrk gS bldk iz;ksx vDlj
Passive voice esa fd;k tkrk gSA
• Some = bldk iz;ksx Number/Amount crkus ds fy, with fdlh dke dks djus esa iz;ksx tool
dqN(vkStkj@midj.k) dks
gksrk gSA fn[kkrk gSA
• A = bldk iz;ksx fdlhIndefinite Noun dksfirst Ex- The glass was broken by Ram with a stone.
time, introduce djus ds fy, djrs gSaA He was killed by a tree.

Cloze Test SSC CGL Pre 2022
SSC CGL PRE 2022

Direction (1-5): In the following passage, some words • Factors = dkjd
have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and
select the most appropriate option to fill in each • Force = cy (A person or thing with power)
blank.
 Passage ds according, Digital India ,d 'kfDr'kkyh
SET-5 vkSj izHkko'kkyh pht gks ldrh gS tks ljdkj ds okns (U
Digital India can be the prime (1)________ behind ljdkj rFkk vf/dre 'kklu dk oknk) dks okLrfod cuk
making a reality of the government’s promise of
minimum government, maximum governance. Such a
ldrh gSA
transformation requires technology to be firmly  izHkko'kkyh pht ds vFkZ esacorrect answer gSA
'Force'
(2)_________ into government, something that the Digital
India project lists as one of its foremost objectives.  gesa
singular noun dh vko';drk gS vr%factors dks
Embedding technology into government (3)_________ will ge eliminate dj ldrs gSaA
do three things; transform the government and make it
more transparent and efficient, transform the lives of Rankers' Mantra
citizens especially those at the bottom of the (4)_________ • Power = ;g fdlh dk;Z dks djus esa iz;qDr 'kkjhfjd ekufld o
pyramid and make our economy more efficient and
competitive. A 2014 McKinsey Global Institute report vkè;kfRed ;ksX;rk dks n'kkZrk gSA
predicts that the large-scale (5) ________ of technology • Might = ;g mPp Lrj dh 'kfDr dks n'kkZrk gSA
through Digital India positions India with the biggest
opportunity yet to accelerate economic growth. • Force = ;g 'kkjhfjd 'kfDr dks n'kkZrk gSA
• Energy = fdlh 'kkjhfjd ;k ekufld dk;Z ds fy, vko';d
number 1.
(a) impact (b) might 'kfDr iz;kl vkSj tks'k dks n'kkZrk gSA
(c) factors (d) force • Strength = ;g fcuk damage gq, cy vkSj ncko dks
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank >syus dh {kerk dks n'kkZrk gSA
number 2.
2. (b) Embedded
(a) inserted (b) embedded
(c) planted (d) stuck • Insert - fdlh oLrq esa fdlh nwljh oLrq dks j[kuk ;k Mk
3. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank (Insert something + into + something)
number 3.
• Embed - fdlh oLrq esa fdlh nwljh oLrq
Fixdks
djuk
(a) offices (b) details
(Embedded into/in + something)
(c) processes (d) hierarchies
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank • Plant - jksiuk@ikS/k yxkuk
number 4.
• Stick - xksan dh lgk;rk ls fdlh pht dks fpidkukA
(a) mythical (b) proverbial
(c) hypothetical (d) classified  bl question dks gerepetition of words ds }kjk Hkh
5. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank solve dj ldrs gSaA ;fn ge
paragraph dks i<+rs gsa rks ge
number 5. Kkr gksrk gSpassage
fd esa"Embedding technology
(a) enhancement (b) anticipation into government fn;k x;k gSA bldh help ls ge easily
(c) adaptation (d) monitoring le> ldrs gSa fd blls igys okyssentence esa Hkh
Answer Key embedded dksmention fd;k x;k gksxk blfy;s next
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) sentence esa bldk ftØ fd;k x;k gSA
(Forward reading)
EXPLANATION  Writer usdescribe fd;k gS fd] ¶;fntechnology dks
1. (d) Force Government Processes esafirmly fix fd;k tk;s rks
• Impact = izHkko bldk transformation possible gSA vr%
'fix' word
• Might = 'kfDr(great strength) ds fy;sEmbed dk use fd;k tk;sxkA

Cloze Test SSC CGL Pre 2022
3. (c) Processes  "Enhancement" wrong answer gS D ;ksaf d
• Office - nÝrj technology esa o`f¼ vFkok lq/kj djds rc rd dksbZ iQk;
• Detail - fooj.k
ugha gksxk tc rd ge ml
technology dks viukrs ugha gSaA
• Process - izfØ;k (tSls ljdkjh dke dh izfØ;k) SET-6

• Hierarchy - fdlh Hkh
office dk Rank-wise system The modern-day student is extremely (1)____ with
technology. They do read quite a bit because of social
 Writer dguk pkgrk gS fdTechnology dks media. While their writing skills may not be top notch,
"Government procedure" esaembed djuk pkfg;s they do write courtesy, (2)___ affinity to various
platforms on the internet. However, one skill that has
vr%"processes" suitable option gSA
been (3)______ affected is listening skills. They are
 Writer technology dksGovernment processes es extremely poor (4)______ listeners. If this issue is not
embed djus dh ckr dj jgk gS u fdGovernment addressed, what we may be heading to in the future is
a huge chunk of people across the globe, with poor skills
offices esa] D;ksafd
offices esa
technology dk use djus
of listening, and a huge number of passive listeners.
ls citizens dh lives transform ugha gksxhaA vr% Researchers say that listening is the prime ingredient
'offices'
wrong answer gSA for empathy and the world will be in extreme poverty in
4. (b) Proverbial terms of number of (5)_____ on the planet.
• Mythical - ikSjkf.kd number 1.
• Proverbial - yksd&izfl¼ @dgkorh (Related to (a) hindered (b) disconnected
proverbs) (c) dreary (d) savvy
• Hypothetical - dkYifud 2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
number 2.
• Classified - oxhZÑr (a) their (b) they’re
 bl passage esa pyramid ls rkR;;Z dksbZbuildings
,slh (c) dare (d) there
vkfn ugha gS ftldk vk/kj triangular or square gksA 3. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
number 3.
 bl Passage esa'Bottom of the Pyramid' ,d
(a) thoroughly (b) through
technical term (Jargon) gS tks 'the largest but (c) holistically (d) daily
poorest socio economic group' dks n'kkZrk gSA 4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
 Mythical, Classified, Hypothetical ;s words, number 4.
given context ds according dksbZ sense ugha n'kkZrs (a) passive (b) active
gSA (c) distinctive (d) demonstrative
 'Proverbial' correct answer gSA Writer us 'the number 5.
largest, but poorest socio-economic group' dks (a) sympathisers (b) empathisers
ghbottom of the proverbial pyramid dgk gSA (c) donors (d) characters
5. (c) Adaptation Answer Key
• Enhancement - o`f¼@rjDdh (csgrj dks vkSj csgrj1.
cukus(d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)
dh izfØ;k)
EXPLANATION
• Anticipation - iwokZuqeku
1. (d) Savvy
• Adaptation - vuqdwy cukus dh izfØ;k • Hinder (v.) - prevent from doing something/
• Monitoring - fuxjkuh ck/k Mkyuk
 2014 McKinsey Global Institute report ds vuqlkj • Disconnected (adj.) - not connected with the
"Digital India" ds ekè;e ls ;fn ge cM+s iSekus ij things or people around/vyx
Technology dksadapt djrs gSa rks gekjk ns'k
economic • Dreary (adj.) - dull and unattractive/mnklhu
growth esa vkxs c<+ ldrk gSA vr%
'Adaptation' correct • Savvy (n.) - having practical knowledge and
answer gSA understanding of something/dq'kyrk

SSC CGL Mains 2021

In the following passage some words have been
EXPLANATION
deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the
alternatives given. Select the most appropriate 1. (c) Discovered
option for each number.
fn;s x;ssentence esa'was ___ by' ns[kdj gesa irk
SET-45 yxrk gS fd ;gk¡ gesapast
,d participle (v3) dh t:jr
The working of the stomach was 1.______ by a gSa D;ksafd
sentence passive voice esa frame fd;k
strange accident. In 1822, a man named Alexis St. x;k gSA pwafd gesa
v 3 dh vko';drk gS vr% ;k rks
Martin was 2. ______ hit by a shot gun. The bullet had
'discovered' ;k fiQj'to be discovered' answer
seriously 3. ______ the chest wall and made a hole in
4. ______ stomach. He was brought to an American gks ldrk gSA
army 5. ______ William Beaumont. The doctor saved vxj ;gk¡ 'was to be discovered by' fy[kk gks rks
the patient but he 6. ______ not close the hole properly.
sentence dk meaning gksrk% isV dh dk;Ziz.kkyh ,
Beaumont took it as a 7.______ opportunity to see
the inside of the stomach 8. ______ the hole. He made
vthc la;ksx ls irk pyuh FkhA tksfd meaning
lgh
some wonderful observations. Beaumont 9. ______ that ugha gksxkA correct
vr% sentence gksxk% The
the stomach was churning food. Its wall secreted a fluid working of the stomach was discovered by a
10. ______ could digest the food. He also observed that strange accident.
the end of the stomach opens into the intestine only Meaning of the sentence: isV dh dk;Ziz.kkyh vFkok
after the digestion of the food inside the stomach is
completed. isV oSQls dke djrk gS] ;g ,d vthc la;ksx ls irk pyk
SSC CGL Mains - 08/08/2022 FkkA
1. (a) Discover (b) Discovering Rankers Mantra
(c) Discovered (d) To be discovered Confusing words
2. (a) Poorly (b) Extremely • Invent = cukuk ;k dqN
design djuk tks igys lsexist
(c) Badly (d) Nicely u gks
3. (a) Damaged (b) Devastated e.g. Who invented the steam engine?
(c) Decreased (d) Decayed • Discover = fdlh pht dks <wM+uk tks igys ls ekStwn
4. (a) Its (b) His exj Nqik gqvk gks ;k ftlds ckjs esa irk u gks
(c) Him (d) Her e.g. Scientists discovered two fungi that were new
5. (a) Colonel (b) Major to science.
(c) Registrar (d) Doctor • Ascertain = fdlh pht ds ckjs esa lgh tkudkjh izkIr djuk
6. (a) Could (b) Should e.g. The police are trying to ascertain what
(c) Would (d) Had really happened.
7. (a) Great (b) Countless 2. (c) Badly
(c) Strong (d) Fast bl iwjspassage dks i<+us ds ckn] ;g irk pyrk gS fd
8. (a) Through (b) Between & Alexis st. Martin cgqr cqjh rjg ?kk;y FksA
(c) Across (d) Along
 Poorly  bldk vFkZ gksrk gS ¶dqN ,slk tks T;knk v
9. (a) Acquired (b) Imagined
ugha gSA¸ ;g ,dnegative connotation dk word
(c) Found (d) Obtained
gS ysfdusentence esa vf/d strength okysadverb
10. (a) What (b) Who
(c) Which (d) Whom
dh t:jr gSA blfy, ;s Answer ugha gks ldrkA
Answer Key  Nicely  bldk vFkZ gksrk gS& ¶vPNh rjg ls¸A ;
positive connotation dk word gS ysfdu bl
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)
sentence esa gesa ,d
Negative connotation okys
6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c)
word dh vko';drk gSA

 Extremely  bldk vFkZ gksrk gS& cgqr T;knk@vR;f/
 Decay = natural process}kjk fdlh pht dk èkhjs&èkhj
dA bldk use fdlh adjective ;k adverb ds lkFk u"V gks tkukA
fd;k tkrk gSA bldks fdlhverb ds lkFk ugha fy[kk blfy, bl sentence ds according option (A)
tkrkA ;g ,d negative connotation dk word gSA 'damaged' bldk lgh answer gksxk] D;ksafd ;gk¡
bullet
 Badly  bldk use bl ckr ij tksj M+kyus ds fy, ds }kjkchest wall ds damage gksus dh ckr gks jgh
fd;k tkrk gS fd dksbZ ?kVuk ;k fLFkfr fdruh xaHkhj gSA gSA
;g fdlh adjective ;k adverb dh degree dks fn[kkrk4. (b) His
gSA ;g Hkh negative
,d connotation dk word gSA bl sentence esa gesastomach (noun) dksqualify
Such as:- [Badly + damaged/injured/hurt] djus ds fy, ,d determiner ;k ,d adjective dh
vko';drk gSA
blfy, bldk lgh Answer-'Badly' gksxkA
'Her' ,d possessive determiner gksrk gS tks fd
Rankers' Mantra
she (pronoun)ds fy, vkrk gSA
 Wound = to injure a part of body by making a
'Its' ,d possessive determiner gksrk gS tksItfd
hole in the skin using a weapon/fdlh gfFk;kj dk
(pronoun) ds fy, use gksrk gSA
mi;ksx djdsbody ds fdlh part dks pksV igq¡pkukA
blfy, ;gk¡ ij option (b) 'His' bldk lgh answer
 Injure = to harm somebody physically especially
in an accident (It emphasizes that the part of gksxk] D;ksafd ;gk¡ ,d vkneh dh ckr gks jgh gSA
body has been damaged in some way) 5. (d) Doctor
fdlh nq?kZVuk esa 'kkfjfjd :i ls pksV igq¡pkuk (;g bl ckr ij ;g Question gekjhlogical thinking ij vk/kfjr gSA
tksj nsrk gS fd
Body ds fdlh Part dks fdlh Hkh rjg ls tc fdlh O;fDr dks cUnwd ls xksyh ekjh tk;s rks m
pksV igq¡ph gksA Colonel, major ;k register ds ikl ys tkus ds ctk;
 Hurt = to cause physical pain to somebody. doctor ds ikl ys tk;k tk;sxkblfy, bldk lgh
fdlh dks 'kkjhfjd d"V ;k ihM+k nsukA answer option (d) 'Doctor' gksxkA
6. (a) Could
 Sprain = to injure a part of your body especially
your ankle, wrist or knee by suddenly twisting it The doctor saved the patient but he ________
not close the hole properly.
;g [kklrkSj ij rc use fd;k tkrk gS tc dykbZ ;k ?kqVus esa
Close, verb dh Base form gksrh gS blfy, blls igys
vpkud eqMus dh otg ls pksV vk tk;sA
"had" dk use ugh fd;k tk;sxkA
 Strain = to injure yourself or part of your body
by making it work too hard bl sentence esaDoctor dh vleFkZrk@vk;ksX;rk dks fn[
x;k gS fd og mlhole dks Bhd ls can ugha dj ik;kA
cgqr T;knk esgur okyk dk;Z djds vius vki dks ;k fdlh Hkh
Body part dks pksV igq¡pk ysukA tSlk fd ge tkurs gS]
past dh fdlh ability dks fn[kkus
 Bruise = to make a blue, brown or purple mark

ds fy, 'could' dk use fd;k tkrk gSA
blfy, option
appear on the skin after somebody has been hit (a) 'could' bldk lgh answer gksxkA
7. (a) Great
pksV yxus ds ckn
skin ij Blue, Brown ;k Purple
fu'kku fn[kkbZ nsukA  Great = very good or pleasant/cgqr vPNk
3. (a) Damaged  Countless = many, too many to be counted

or mentioned/vufxur
 Damage = to inflict physical harm/uqdlku
Strong = having great physical power/etcwr
igq¡pkuk 
 Devastate = to completely destroy a place or  Fast = moving or able to move quickly/rst

an area/fdlh HkhPlace ;k Area dks iwjh rjg ls vr% great ;gk¡ lghanswer gSA
u"V dj nsukA Meaning of the sentence: Beaumont us bls ,d
 Decrease = to become or make something cM+s volj dh rjg fy;k rkfd mls isV ds vanj ns[kus d
become smaller in size, number etc./fdlh pht ekSdk feys (mlhole ds tfj, tks bullet dh otg ls
dk vkdkj ;k la[;k esa deh gksukA Alex ds isV esa gqvk Fkk)A

8. (a) Through 10. (c) Which
 Through = fdlh ds ,d Nksj ls nwljs Nksj rd ;k fdlh bl sentence esa'fluid' Noun ds fy, ,d ,slk
ekè;e ls tkus ds fy, bldk use (3D ;k canobject ds relative pronoun pkfg, tks fdNominative case
fy,) fd;k tkrk gSA esa gksA
 Between = nks ;k nks ls vf/d oLrq ;k yksxks dks  What = It is used without antecedent./bldks
separate fn[kkus ds fy,A fcuk fdlh antecedent ds fy[kk tkrk gSA
Who = It is used as a subject for a person./
Across = 2D ;k [kqys
objects esa] ,d Nksj ls nwljs


;g fdlh person ds fy,] subject dh rjg use fd;k
Nksj rd
tkrk gSA
 Along = in a line that follows the side of
something long
 Whom = It is used as an object for a person./
;g fdlh person ds fy,] object dh rjg ls use fd;k
;g ,d line dksrefer djrk gS tks fd fdlh pht ds
tkrk gSA
fdukjs] mlds lkFk&lkFk pyus ds
usefy,fd;k tkrk gSA
 Which = bldk use, things vkSjanimals nksuksa ds
bl passage esa fn;k gS Beaumont
fd us isV ds vUnj fy, subject vkSjobject nksuksa rjg ls fd;k tk ldrk
hole ds ekè;e ls ns[kkA blfy,
option (a) 'through'
gSA
blfy, bldk lgh answer 'which' gksxkA
bldk lgh Answer gksxkA
SET-46
9. (c) Found
Acquire = to gain something by your own Human activities are changing Earth's natural

greenhouse 1 ______. Burning fossil fuels like coal and
efforts, ability or behaviour/vius vki ds iz;kl] oil puts 2______ carbon dioxide into our atmosphere.
{kerk ;k O;ogkj ls dqN izkIr djukA NASA has 3 ______ increase in the amount of carbon
dioxide and some other greenhouse gases in 4______
 Imagine = to form a picture in your mind of
atmosphere. Too much of these greenhouse gases can
what something might be like/fdlh pht dh vius 5 ______ Earth's atmosphere to trap more and more
fnekx es ,d dkYifudimage cukukA heat. This causes Earth to warm up.
 Find = to get to know something or discover SSC CGL Mains - 08/08/2022
something unexpectedly/vpkud ls dqN irk yxuk 1. (a) Affect (b) Impact
(c) Aspect (d) Effect
;k dqN [kkst fudkyukA
2. (a) Much (b) Most
 Obtain = to get something by making an
(c) More (d) Many
effort/vius iz;klks ls dqN gkfly djukA 3. (a) Observed (b) To observe
blesawriter us ;g crk;k gS fdBeaumont dks vius (c) Observe (d) Observing
voyksdu ls ;g irk pyk fd isV esa [kkuk b/j&m/j ?kwe
4. (a) Ours (b) Their
(c) Its (d) Our
jgk FkkA blfy, bldk lgh
answer, option (c) 'found'
5. (a) Effect (b) Reason
(2nd form of verb 'find') gksxkA
(c) Cause (d) Source
Rankers Mantra Answer Key
Confusing words 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)
Find vs Found
EXPLANATION
1. (d) Effect
 Affect (verb) = to have an influence on
somebody/something/izHkko Mkyuk
 Impact (noun) = the powerful effect that
something has on somebody/something/izHkko]
(1) They found a car abandoned on the top vlj
of the cliff yesterday.  Aspect (noun) = a particular part or feature
(2) He founded this company. of a situation/igyw

SSC CGL Pre - 2021
SET-49 'Rise' dk use number, quantity, level etc. ds
The rise in the Irrawaddy dolphin (1)____ in Chilika

fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
passage dolphins ds ckjs esa gSA ;gk
can be attributed to the eviction of (2) ____ fish enclosures. dolphins dh la[;k c<+us dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA
After thousands of hectares of Chilika lake were made blfy, 'Population' correct answer gSA
(3) ____ free, Irrawaddy dolphins found unobstructed area
for movement. (4) ____, due to the COVID-19 lockdown 2. (b) Illegal
last year, there were comparatively fewer tourist boats • Unwarranted = Not reasonable, unjustified/
on Chilika lake, which made it (5) _____ for dolphins to (vuqfpr)
move from one part of the lake to another.
Unwarranted criticism
SSC CGL Pre - 11/04/2022 SHIFT-I
• Illegal = Not allowed by the law/(xSj dkuwuh@voSè
no.1. illegal activities
(a) population (b) clan • Illegitimate = Born to parents not married
(c) natives (d) inhabitants to each other, Unauthorized or not sanctioned
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank by customary practices/(lkekftd fu;eksa ds f[kykiQ)
no.2. Ex- illegitimate son
(a) unwarranted (b) illegal • Unconstitutional = Not allowed by the
(c) illegitimate (d) unconstitutional constitution of a country/(vlaoSèkkfud)
3. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank Ex- Unconstitutional amendment
no.3. Passage ds vuqlkj]dolphins dh population xSj
(a) trespass (b) confiscation dkuwuh xfrfofèk;ksa ds fu"dklu dh otg ls c<+ jgh g
(c) intervention (d) encroachment blfy, 'Illegal' correct answer gSA
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank 3. (d) Confiscation
no.4.
• Trespass (verb) = to enter land that you don't
(a) whereas (b) moreover have permission/(tcju ?kql tkuk)
(c) nevertheless (d) however
• Confiscation (noun) = the act of officially
5. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank taking something away from somebody, as a
no.5. punishment/(tCrh@vfèkgj.k)
(a) conducive (b) hurtful
• Intervention (noun) = action taken to improve
(c) detrimental (d) disturbing
or help a situation/(gLr{ksi)
Answer Key
• Encroachment (noun) = the act of slowly
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) covering more and more of an area/(vfrØe.k)
EXPLANATION Trespass ,d verb gS tcfd sentence esanoun
1. (a) Population = The total number of people, dh requirement gSA
blfy, ;g answer ugha gks
animal, plants in a particular area. (tula[;k) ldrkA
• Clan = A group of families related to each 'Confiscation' & 'Intervention' are out of context.
other (oa'k@oqQy@dchyk) Passage ds according 'illegal fish enclosure' esa
• Natives = People wh o we re bo rn i n a ls voSèk :i ls eNyh idM+us okyksa dks fudky dj
Chilika
particular area (ewy fuoklh) lake ds gtkjksa gsDVs;j ds {ks=k dks vfrØe.k eqDr c
• Inhabitant = A person or animal that lives x;k gSA ;gdolphins ds fy, vPNk gSA blfy,
in a particular area (fuoklh) 'Encroachment' correct answer gSA

Rankers Mantra NGO
• Reduce/eradicate + child/global/world
‘INTERVENTION’ means ‘action by a country to
poverty
become involved in the affairs of another country
when they have not been asked to do so’ (4) Conflict ls related
• Be/constitute/pose + a threat to global
(fdlh ns'k }kjk] nwljs ns'k ds ekeyksas esa 'kkfey gksuk] tcfd
security
mls ,slk djus ds fy, ugha dgk x;k gksA) • Compromise/endanger/protect + national
security
International relation ls lacaf/rdqNcollocations
• Threaten/authorize/launch/take/support/
(1) Trade ls related oppose + unilateral/pre-emptive military
• Facilitate/regulate + trade (with other action
countries) • Close/protect/secure/patrol + the border
• Live in/compete in + a global/the world • Fund/run + a foreign/a local/an
economy international NGO
• Support/promote + free trade • Reduce/eradicate + child/global/world
• Erect/impose/reduce/remove + trade barriers poverty
• Impose/lift/raise/eliminate + import tariffs 4. (b) Moreover
(on something)
• Whereas (con.) = Used to compare or contrast
• Have/run + a huge/large/growing + trade
surplus/deficit two facts.
• Embrace/resist/drive + globalization • Moreover (adv.) = in addition to something/
(2) Politics and law ls related (ds vfrfjDr)
• Conduct/handle/talk about/discuss + foreign • Nevertheless (adv.) = despite something that
policy you have mentioned/(fiQj Hkh)
• Pursue + an aggressive/a hawkish + foreign
policy • However (adv.) = despite something that you have
• Establ ish/break off/sever/restore + mentioned/(gkykafd)
diplomatic relations Irrawaddy dolphins found unobstructed
• Foster/promote/strengthen + regional area for movement. (positive statement for
cooperation dolphins)
• Facilitate/achieve + economic/political
integration ________ due to the COVID19 lockdown last
• Exercise/defend/protect/transfer/restore/ year, there were comparatively fewer tourist
re gain + n atio nal/state/fu ll/l imited boats on Chilika lake. (positive statement for
sovereignty dolphins)
• Consolidate/extend/lose/retain + your power nksPositive okD;ksa dks tksM+us ds fy, gesa
conjunctive
(in the region)
adverb pkfg,A
(3) Meetings and agreements ls related
• Have/hold/host/attend + an international 'Nevertheless' vkSj'However' out of context gSA
conference/a G20 summit vkSjwhereas dk use nks foijhrrF;ksa dks tksM+us ds fy
• Send/head/lead/meet + a high-level/an fd;k tkrk gSA
blfy, 'Moreover' gh lghanswer gksxkA
official/a trade delegation
• Begin/start/continue/resume + peace talks 5. (a) Conducive = beneficial/(vuqowQy)
(positive sense)
• Negotiate/achieve + a lasting political • Hurtful = unkind, making you feel upset
settlement (gkfudkjd)(negative sense)
• Broker/sign + a peace deal/agreement/treaty
• Be/constitute/pose + a threat to global • Detrimental = harmful/(gkfudkjd)
security (negative sense)
• Compromise/endanger/protect + national
security • Disturbing = making you feel upset
• Threaten/authorize/launch/take/support/ (ijs'kku djus okyk)
(negative sense)
oppose + unilateral/pre-emptive military
action Sentence dk Hkko
positive gSA
vkSj ;gk¡ fn;s x;s
• Close/protect/secure/patrol + the border options esa ls dsoy ,d ghword positive sense
• Fund/run + a foreign/a local/an international esa gSA
blfy, 'conducive' gh lgh answer gksxkA
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank 4. (c) Writer vuqeku yxk jgk gS fd geus ihNs ds Hkkx
number 2. cross dk fu'kku ns[k fy;k gSA
(a) senses (b) charge
• Distinguish = To recognize the difference (varj
(c) worth (d) meanings
igpkuuk)
number 3. • Recognize = To know sb/sth because you
(a) whether (b) whichever have seen (fdlh dks igpku ysuk D;ksafd vkius igy
(c) whatever (d) however ns[kk gSA)
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank • Notice = To become aware of sb/sth (fdlh pht
number 4. dk irk gksuk@è;ku nsuk)
(a) distinguished (b) recognized • Know = To have information in your mind.
(c) noticed (d) known (ekywe gksuk)
'Distinguished', 'Recognized' and 'known'
number 5.
context ds according lgh ugha gSA
Hence, the
(a) booth (b) coach
correct answer is 'noticed'.
(c) bus (d) rail
Answer Key Rankers Mantra
CONFUSING WORDS RELATED TO ‘CAREFUL
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) ATTENTION:-
EXPLANATION • Notice = To hear, see or become aware of
somebody/something (uksfVl djuk] è;ku nsuk)
1. (b) General facts ds fy, ge Present Indefinite Tense
• Note = To pay attention to something , especially
use djrs gSA
used in business English (è;ku nsuk)
lcls mi;qDranswer 'are' gh gS D;ksafd vU; lkjs fodYi
• Detect = To discover or notice something that is
grammatically & contextually Bhd ugha gSA
not easy to see, hear (fdlh ,slh pht dks Notice djuk
2. (d) Writer us igys gh crk fn;k gS fd ogk¡ symbol
oqQN & ;k [kkstuk ftlseasily ns[kk vkSj lquk tk lds)
signage gSA cgqr lkjs symbols
yksx dh importance • Observe = It is a formal term. It means ‘To see
dks ugha tkurs gSA or notice somebody/something’ (;g ,d formal
• Sense = An understanding about something term gS] ftldk eryc gS& fdlh dks ns[kukNotice
;k
or to judge something (fdlh pht dks le>uk) djuk)
• Charge = Responsibility (ftEesnkjh)
• Witness = To see something happen (dqN gksrs gq,
• Worth = The financial value (dher) ns[kuk)
• Meaning = The idea that a sound, word, sign,
• Discern = To see apart all the objects (vUrj
symbol represents (eryc@vFkZ)
(The meaning of + word/signage/symbol etc)
igpkuuk] ;g ,d stative verb gS)
Hence, the correct answer is 'meanings'. • Discriminate = To judge apart all the objects by
3. (a) (Whether – or not) real differences (okLrfod vUrj dks ns[kdj lHkh oLrqvk
;g phrase ;g crkus ds fy, use gksrk gS fd ;g dks vyx djuk)
important ugha gS fd nksuksa esa ls dkSu lh
possibility • Distinguish = To recognize by some special
lR; gSA mark or manifest difference (fdlh special
e.g. Whether he wants to or not, he will have to mark dh help ls vUrj igpkuuk)
clean his room. 5. (b) Booth = fdlh particular activity ds fy, NksVk lk
1. Whichever – tks Hkh LFkku
2. Whatever – tks oqQN Coach = Train esa ,d vyx section
3. However – gkykafd Bus = A large road vehicle
;g rhuksa
out of context gSHence, the correct Rail = Railways as a means of transportation
answer is 'whether'. D;ksafd
sentence esa vkxs
'or' gesa
train ds Part tSlk ,d word pkfg,A
Hence, the
fn;k gqvk gSA correct answer is 'Coach'.

SET-58 (b) The town is nearby.(×)

Hence, the correct answer is 'nearby'.
The camel and the fox were very good friends and very
good thieves. One day, the two friends (1)______ to cross 3. (d) The small fox was unable to swim.
the river so that they could travel to a (2) _______ farm dgkuh ds fy, Past Tense use djrs gS blfy, gesa
to steal food. The small fox (3) _________ swim, so the
camel said to his friend, ‘Climb (4) _________ onto my verb dh Past form pkfg,A
back and I will swim across the (5) _________.’ 'Could not' is grammatically and contextually
SSC CGL 18/04/2022 (Shift-01 correct.
1. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank blfy, lgh mÙkj'could not' gSA
number 1. 4. (c) Climb up – To go up using hands and feet.
(a) deciding (b) will decide
(c) decided (d) are decide (Åij p<+uk)
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank Climb over + a wall/Fence/Horizon
number 2. (fdlh pht dks ikj djds nwljh rjiQ gksuk)
(a) nearby (b) near Over – So as to cross something and be on
(c) nearest (d) nearly the other side.
Climb above + temperature/unemployment
number 3.
rate (A standard)/temp./unemployment rate)
(a) ought to (b) may not
(c) might (d) could not
(dk Åij c<+ tkuk)
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank Above – More than something (a level/
number 4. standard)
(a) over (b) across (a) The temperature climbed above 30°C.
(c) up (d) above (b) The boys climbed over the wall.
5. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank (c) They climbed up a ladder.
number 5.
Answer – 'up'
(a) sea (b) ocean
(c) lake (d) river 5. (d) Starting esa gh
writer us crk;k gS fd nks fe=kksa us unh
Answer Key djus dk fu'p; fd;kA
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) sea, ocean & lake – out of context gSA
Ans. – River
EXPLANATION
Rankers' Mantra
1. (a) Story ds fy, Past Tense dk use djrs gSA
Decided
HOMOPHONES
gh ,d Past Tense dk word gS vr%correct answer
• Sea (Noun) = leqnz
'decided' gSA
2. (b) They could travel to a ____ farm. It is the plural form of noun ‘sea’.
(i) Nearest – a ds lkFk ugha
the ds lkFksuperlative  ‘Sea’ is the mass of water.
degree dk use djrs gSA vr% ;g
answer ugha gks ldrkA
• See (Verb) = ns[kuk
(ii) Nearly – ;g ,d adverb gS tcfd gesa
adjective pkfg,A It is the singular form of verb ‘see’.
(Adverb) – Almost  ‘To see’ means ‘to become aware by using
(iii) Near (Adj.) – A short distance away. eyes.’
(,d NksVh nwjh
) • Seize (Verb) = to grab, arrest or capture (tCr djuk)
bldksattributively use ugha dj ldrs • Cease (Verb) = to stop something (an action or
(a) A near house (×) condition)/lekIr djuk ;k can djuk
(b) His house is very near.() • Besiege (Verb) = to surround a place with armed
(iv) Nearby – Near in position.(utnhd) forces in order to capture it/?ksjk Mkyuk
bldks izk;%
attributively use fd;k tkrk gSA • Siege (Noun) = the act of surrounding a
(a) A nearby town.() place by am armed forces/?ksjkcanh

Raise (Transitive verb) = To move something
SET-59
upwards, to cause something, to bring up (The
Not a year passes without a controversy over the burglars raised the gun and fired.)
national sports awards. The debate that (1) _______ (fdlh pht dk Åij mBkuk] fdlh pht dks Åij mBkus dk
every year following the announcement of the (2) _______
dkj.k cuukA)
often leads to accusations of bias, regionalism and
manipulations. (3) _______ to the Sports Minister and Arise (Intransitive verb) = to happen or occur
Chief Ministers and (4) _______ by the politicians have (gksuk ;k ?kfVr gksuk)
all become part of the (5) __________ . e.g. - A serious problem can arise if the heart
SSC CGL 18/04/2022 SHIFT-II stops pumping effectively.
1. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank Arouse (Transitive verb) = to make somebody
number 1. have a particular feeling (mdlkuk ;k fdlh esa dksbZ
(a) rose (b) arose particular feeling txkuk)
(c) rise (d) arises e.g. - These types of questions can arouse my
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank interest in Mathematics.
number 2. Raze (Verb) = To completely destroy a building,
(a) donations (b) awards town, etc. (fdlh building, town vkfn dks iwjh rjg
(c) gifts (d) rewards
/oLr djuk)
number 3. e.g. - The village was razed to the ground.
(a) illustrations (b) representations Rays (Plural form of noun ‘Ray’) = A line of
(c) delegations (d) exhibitions light ( light dh ,d fdj.k)
4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank e.g. - Ultraviolet rays damage the skin.
number 4. 2. (b) ys[ kd Nati on al sports aw ards d s
(a) interventions (b) intersections
controversy ds ckjs esa ckr djrk Hence,
gSA the
(c) interjections (d) intermissions
correct answer is 'awards'.
3. (b) Representations
number 5.
(a) jest (b) game • Illustration = An example that clearly shows
(c) sport (d) line the truth about something (mnkgj.k)
Answer Key • Representation = Formal statement made to
somebody in authority (izfrfufèkRo)
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b)
• Delegation = A group of people who represent
EXPLANATION their views (izfrfufèk eaMy)
1. (d) General statement ds fy, Present Indefinite • Exhibition = A collection of things (Works of
Tense dksuse djrs gSA Debate – singular gSA art) (izn'kZuh)
Ans.– Arises Collocation – Representations + to + somebody
Rise Rose Risen – Intransitive verb Hence, the correct answer is 'Representation'.
Arise Arose Arisen – Intransitive verb Meaning of the sentence:- [ksy ea=kh vkSj eq[;eaf=
Raise Raised Raised – Transitive verb dk izfrfufèkRo vkSj jktusrkvksa }kjk gLr{ksi [ksy
Rise – to come or go upwards. cu x, gSaA
Arise – to start to exist, Occur (A problem) 4. (a) Intervention = Action taken to improve or
(Opportunity/Questions/Problems/Issue + help a situation (gLr{ksi)
Arise) • Intersection = The act of intersecting sth
Rankers Mantra (pkSjkgksa)
CONFUSING WORDS AND HOMOPHONES • Interjection = Exclamation (foLe;kfncksèkd 'kCn)

• Intermission = A period of time during which
( Confuse djus okyswords vkSj leku vkokt okyswords) something stops before continuing again
Rise (Intransitive verb) = To come or go up, or (eè;karj)
increase (Åij mBuk ;k c<+uk) Hence, 'interventions' is grammatically and
E.g. The sun rises in the east. contextually correct.

• Suicide = The act of killing oneself deliberately 4. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
([kqn dks ekjuk] vkRegR;k) number 4.
e.g. - Never try to commit suicide. (a) violation (b) damage
• Carnage = The violent killing of a large number (c) interruption (d) disruption
of people especially in a battle 5. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
(,d ;q¼ esa cgqr lkjs yksxksa dk ekjk tkuk) number 5.
e.g. - The carnage of the First World War (a) That (b) Such
• Hara-kiri = An act of killing somebody by cutting (c) This (d) Which
open his stomach with a sword Answer Key
(ryokj ls fdlh dk isV dkVdj ekjuk)
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b)
• Suffocation = An act of killing somebody by not
letting him breathe air/ (fdlh dks lkal jksd dj ekjuk) EXPLANATION
• Smother = An act of killing somebody by covering 1. (d) (When he _______at work next morning)
his face so that he cannot breathe (;gk¡ blank ds ckn preposition gS vFkkZr~ gesa ,d
(fdlh dk eqag <d dj ekjuk rkfd og lkal u ys ik, (ne intransitive verb dh vko';drk gSA)
?kksVuk)) (Arrive + at + so meth ing) is a correct
• Extermination = The act of killing all the construction.
members of a group of people or animals (Arrive + at + work/station/agreement/
(fdlh group ds lkjs O;fDr;ksa ;k tkuojksa dks ekjuk) conclusion)
• Assassination = The murder of an important or 'Reach' & 'achieve' transitive verb gSA'Turned'
famous person, especially for political reasons
out of context gSA blfy,'arrived' lgh 'kCn gSA
(fdlh famous O;fDr dh gR;k
especially jktuSfrd dkj.kksa ls)
Rankers Mantra
e.g. - Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi
GRAMMAR POINT
• Execution = The act of killing somebody,
especially as a legal punishment. Some verbs don’t require a preposition. They are
directly followed by objects.
(fdlh dks ekjukespecially dkuwuh ltk ds :i esa)
(dqN ,slhverbs ftudksa
preposition dh requirement
SET-63 ugha gksrh gS os object ysrh gSA)
direct
A banker taped a picture, drawn by one of his small
children, to his office wall. When he (1) _____ at work VERBS WITHOUT VERB WITH
the next morning, he found the (2) _________ was PREPOSITION PREPOSITIONS
covered by a (3)________ notice, saying he was in
(4)_________ of company policy which required personal Enter a place Come into a place
items to be put away at night. (5) __________ a reaction
was not just petty, it risked demotivating the banker Reach a place Arrive at/in a place
completely. In short, it defined common sense.
Tell somebody Say something
(SSC CGL 19/04/2022 (Shift-03) something to somebody
Investigate a matter Look into a matter
number 1.
(a) turned (b) achieved Penetrate something Pass through something
(c) reached (d) arrived
2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank Comprise something Consist of something
number 2.
(a) tape (b) office Resemble a person Look like a person
(c) child (d) picture NOTE :-

3. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank (Enter into an agreement/ (‘Be comprised of’ is a
a negotiation/business) correct phrase.
number 3. ‘Comprise’ is followed by
is grammatically correct.
(a) substantial (b) large ‘Of’ in the passive
structure
(c) generous (d) considerable

2. (b) Passage ls Li"V gS fdpicture dksa notice ls Tape, office vkSjchild 'out of context' gSA
cover fd;k x;k FkkA vFkkZr~ <+dk x;k FkkA blfy, Picture lgh answer gSA
Rankers Mantra
CONFUSING WORDS RELATED TO ‘MAGNITUDE’
(Magnitude ls related confusing words.)
3. (b) Large SET-64

• Substantial = Large in (Amount, Value or I decided to stay away from television (1)_______ a whole
importance) (larks"ktud) year. After a week, I started feeling (2) _____. But, my
friend Bess cheered me up. She (3) _______ me every
• Large = Big in (Size or Quantity) (cM+k) day and would take me places. It was (4)_______ how
• Generous = willing to give freely (mnkj) much fun we had without TV. My life had become more
(5) ______ without the good old idiot box.
• Con siderable = Great in ( Amou nt,
(SSC CGL 20/04/2022 (Shift-01)
Importance) (fopkj.kh;) 1. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
D;kasfd ;gk¡ fn;k x;k gS fd was covered by
Picture number 1.
(a) for (b) to
a notice rks ge vuqeku yxk ldrs gSNotice
fd picture
(c) since (d) from
ls cM+k gSA mi;qDr 'kCngSA
Large Hence, the correct 2. Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank
answer is 'Large'. number 2.
4. (a) Violation (a) depressed (b) devoted
(c) delighted (d) deceived
• Violation (noun) = The act of going against a
law, an agreement or a policy (mYya?ku) number 3.
• Damage = Physical harm (gkfu@uqdlku) (a) thanked (b) requested
(c) encouraged (d) attended
• Interruption = The act of interrupting sb/
sth (O;oèkku) number 4.
• Disruption = A situation in which it is difficult (a) unbelievable (b) unhealthy
(c) unlucky (d) unlimited
for sth to continue (foPNsn@Hkax)
Policy ds vuqlkj]personal items dks jkr esa
office ls number 5.
nwj j[kuk pkfg, blfy, vkWfiQl dh nhokj ij
picture (a) certain (b) exciting
(c) boring (d) popular
yxkukPolicy (fu;e) dk mYya?ku Hence,
gSA the
Answer Key
correct answer is 'Violation'.
5. (b) (Such + a/an + adj + Noun) is a correct phrase.
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b)
e.g. Such a beautiful day EXPLANATION
e.g. Such a handsome person 1. (a) For
e.g. Such an interesting story • For = It is used with 'a length of time'
• To = It is used for 'direction' or 'recipient'.
'Such' ,d pre determiner gSA
'a' ,d central
• Since = It is used with 'a point of time'
determiner gS
Adsoy Pre-determiner ghcentral • From = The time of the origin of something
determiner ls igys vk ldrs gSA
Hence, the correct 'A whole year' is a length of time. Hence the
answer is 'such'. correct answer is 'for'.

Cloze Test SSC CHSL 2021
SSC CHSL 2021

Direction : In the following passage, some words have Put/Set/Turn one’s mind to something = to
been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select decide you want to achieve something and give
the most appropriate option to fill in each blank. all your attention./oqQN ikus dk fu'p; djuk vkSj mles
SET-70 viuk iwjkattention nsukA
Competition is a necessary prospect for (1)________ ‘Get one’s mind’ vkSj
Divert one’s mind lgh ugha gSA
individuals with particular qualities, but only those who blfy, bUgsa gVk fn;k tk,xkA
blfy, Put lgh mÙkj gSA
can (2)__________ their minds to work, work hard every 1
day , an d prove themselves w ill be able to 3. (a) Overcome (V ) = to succeed in dealing with
(3)_____________ this arduous battle. It's a never-ending something unpleasant (cqjs nkSjface
dks djds ckgj
race to the finish line, and only those who put in the fudyukA)
effort and dedication will make it to the end. The (Overcome + injury/battle/fear/temptation/
outcome of any exam does not (4)__________ on the last addiction/adversities/barriers)
day, during your paper — your success is ensured with
every morning that you put in work. Students must be • Overload (V1) = to put too great a load on
aware of the tough environment they are entering and something (T;knk otu j[kuk)
prepare (5)______________ in order to improve their • Overpaid (V2) = to pay someone too much
chances.
(fdlh dks t:jr ls vf/d iSls nsuk)
SSC CHSL - 24/05/2022 SHIFT-III
• Overjoyed (adjective) = extremely happy
1. (a) distinguished (b) distinguishes
(c) distinguishing (d) distinguish
(vR;fèkd [kq'k)
2. (a) get (b) divert ;gk¡ ge'able to' ds cknverb dk base form use djsaxs
(c) made (d) put blfy, overpaid rks gV tk,xk D;ksafdV2;sgS vkSj
3. (a) overcome (b) overload overjoyed adjective gS blfy, ;g Hkh gV tk,xk vkSj
(c) overpaid (d) overjoyed overload rks blcontext ls gh ckgj gSA
4. (a) awake (b) arise
(c) arrive (d) abase
blfy, overcome lgh answer gksxk D;ksafdverb ;g
5. (a) reluctantly (b) consequently dh base form gSA
(c) accordingly (d) exponentially Rankers Mantra
Answer Key CONFUSING WORDS
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c) • Overcome = to succeed in dealing with or
controlling a problem (fdlh problem ls fuiVus ;k
EXPLANATION mlscontrol djus esa liQy gksukA)
1. (c) ‘For’ ,d preposition gS] vkSj preposition
ge ds ckn • Come over = (1) to affect somebody/something
verb dh noun form vFkkZr~gerund (V1 + ing) use (fdlh dks izHkkfor djuk)
djrs gSA (2) to visit somebody/something. (fdlh ls feyuk)
(Actually gesa
preposition ds ckn mldkobject pkfg, Get over = to overcome. [mcj ikuk (fdlhsituation ls)]
gksrk gS tks fd dksbZ
noun ;k pronoun gh gks ldrk gSA 4.
) (c) Arrive
(1) We are looking forward to see you again. [×] • Awake = to wake up/txkuk
(2) We are looking forward to seeing you again. [] • Arise = to begin to exist/fn[kuk 'kq: gksuk
;gk¡to ,d preposition gS vkSj seeing mldk object • Arrive = to come when you have been waiting/
gS tks fdverb dh noun form esa fn;k x;k gSA vk igq¡puk
blfy, option esa ls gesa ogh
option select djuk gksxk tks • Abase = to lower in rank or esteem/Rank ;k
fd verb dh noun form esa gSA blfy,Distinguishing lEeku de djukA
lgh mÙkj gSA ;gk¡ ys[kd fdlhexam ds ifj.kke ds ckjsdescribe
esa
2. (d) ;g question Collocations ij vkèkkfjr gSA dj jgk gSA blfy,Awake, Arise vkSj Abase bl
Make up one’s mind = to decide something context ls ckgj gks tk,saxsA
‘Arrive’ lgh answer
(oqQN r; djuk
) gksxkA
Rankers' Mantra
GRAMMAR POINT
tc nksphtsafdlh rjg ls bldk iz;ksxHkh

munksphtksabldk iz;ksxclause of bldk iz;ksxfdlh example bldk iz;ksxclause of
,d leku gksrh gSa]muds dk Comparison djus esa reason dks introduce dks;k mentioned fdlh ckr reason dks introduce
chp Comparison ds gksrk gStksfdlh rjg leku djusrFkkmlsexplain djus dks explain djus ds fy, djusrFkkexplain djusesa
fy, As-As dk use gksrkgksrh
gSA esa
fd;k tkrkgSA fd;k tkrkgSA fd;k tkrkgSA
gSA
;g positive rFkk ; g o n l y n e g a t i v e So+adjective/adverb + Such + A/An + Such + A/An +

negative nksuksa that clause Adjective + Noun Adjective + Noun +
statements esause gksrk
that clause
statements esause gSA
gksrk
gSA
In my opinion your I would like to remind She spoke so quietly He is not such an He has such high
new manager is you that I do not earn that we could not hear arrogant person as marks that he has
not as skilled in So much money as you her at all from the people say. applied for a
dealing with do. second row. scholarship.
problems as maine
is.
SET-94 4. (a) signed (b) brought

Many of the major supermarket chains have come (c) settled (d) resigned
under fire with accusations of (1)__________ unethical 5. (a) little (b) every
acts over the past decade. They've wasted tonnes of (c) any (d) some
food, they've underpaid their suppliers and they've Answer Key
contributed to excessive plastic waste in their
packagi ng, which has had its impact on our 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d)
environment. But supermarkets and grocers are EXPLANATION
(2)______ to sit up and take notice. In response to
(3)______ consumer backlash against the huge 1. (a) Various
amounts of plastic waste generated by plastic • Various (usually before noun) = several
packaging, some of the largest UK supermarkets have different/fofHkUu izdkj ds
(4)_______ up a pact promising to transform packaging (Various + types/forms/kinds/aspects/
and cut plastic wastage. In a pledge to reuse, recycle or reasons/ways/groups/parts)
compost all plastic wastage by 2025, supermarkets are
now beginning to take (5)__________ responsibility for • Most = 1. the largest in number or amount
the part they play in contributing to the damage to our 2. more than half of somebody/something
en viro nmen t, w ith one maj or supermarket • Same = exactly the one or ones referred to or
announcing their plan to eliminate all plastic packaging mentioned/fcYoqQy leku
in their own-brand products by 2023.
• Much = a large amount of something (Used
SSC CHSL - 03/06/2022 SHIFT-III
with uncountable nouns)/T;knk ek=kk
1. (a) various (b) most
(c) same (d) much ‘Same’ ls igys‘the’ dk use gksrk gSA
‘Much’ dk use
2. (a) being start (b) starting uncountable nouns ds lkFk gksrkHence,
gSA same
(c) start (d) being starting & much are ruled out. Sentence esa dgk x;k gS tks
3. (a) believing (b) enlarging major supermarket chains gSa] muesa ls dbZ
chains
(c) developing (d) growing cgqr lsunethical acts ds vkjksiksa ds ?ksjs esa vkbZ
3. (b) Irritation
SET-102
• Abhorrence = a strong feeling of hating
The next Faerie Market was held (1)_________ schedule
somebody/something, especially for moral
(2)_________ the other side of the wall. The two boys
were not allowed to go to the market, but they wanted reasons/fdlh ls cgqr uiQjr djuk
to. This was a source of great (3)__________ to the boys. • Irritation = the state of being annoyed/ukjkt
The younger of the two had a kitten. She grew slowly
but was the sweetest cat in the world, until, one
gksuh dh fLFkfrA
evening, she began to (4)_________ around the house • Ebullience = the quality of being full of
impatiently. The cat was off in the dark and the boy confidence, energy and good humour/
never saw the cat again. He was (5)_________ for a while. confidence ls Hkjk gqvk gksus dh fLFkfrA
SSC CHSL - 07/06/2022 SHIFT-II • Hatred = a very strong feeling of dislike/
1. (a) on (b) by ukilUn djuk] ?k`.kk
(c) at (d) upon
Passage esaclearly crkrk x;k gS fd nks
boys market
2. (a) at (b) on
(c) upon (d) in
tkuk pkgrs gSbut mUgsaallow ugha fd;k tkrk gSA ge
3. (a) abhorrence (b) irritation easily crk ldrs gS fd bldk meaning 'Annoyed'
(c) ebullience (d) hatred ds sense esa gSA
vr%]‘irritation’ lgh answer gSA
4. (a) sleep (b) march 4. (c) Prowl
(c) prowl (d.) trot • Sleep = to rest with your eyes closed and your
5. (a) petrified (b) inconsolable mind and body not activ/lksuk
(c) sanguine (d) blithesome
• March = to walk with stiff regular steps like
Answer Key
a soldier/Soldier dh rjg regular steps ls pyukA
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) • Prowl = to walk around a room, an area, etc.
EXPLANATION especially you are bored, anxious, etc./,d
1. (a) On schedule = at the expected or planned room ;k area ds pkjksa rjiQ Vgyuk]
especially tc
time. vki bore gks jgs gksA
(We have a good track record and have repaid • Trot = to run or walk fast/rst pyuk ;k nkSM+ukA
a loan of £30,000 on schedule.) Writer crkrk gS fd nksuksa yM+dksa esa NksVs ds ik
• Behind schedule = not according to the cPpk[kitten] FkkA og bl nqfu;k dh lcls
sweet fcYyh
schedule or late. FkhA ,d fnu] impatient
oks Fkh vkSj fpark esa eas
room
(We're running about five minutes behind Vgy jgs FkhA
vr%‘prowl’ lgh answer gSA
schedule.)
5. (b) Inconsolable
Writer crkrk gS fdFaerie Market, planned time
• Petrified = extremely frightened/cgqr T;knk Mjk
ij yxkbZ xbZ FkhA vr%
'on' lgh answer gSA
gqvk
(A petrified expression)
2. (b) ‘Side’ = either of two halves of a surface, an
• Inconsolable = very sad and unable to accept
object or an area that is divided by an
imaginary central line. help or comfort/cgqr nq[kh gksuk vkSj
help u ys ikukA
(Inconsolable grief)
vr%‘On the other side of something’ grammar
• Sanguine = cheerful and confident about the
ds fglkc lsfit gSA
future/(future dks ysdjcheeful vkSjconfident)
‘At the side of something’ lgh gS ysfdu bldk
(Take a sanguine view)
meaning, physically fdlh ds side gksuk gS vkSj blds
• Blithesome = filled with pleasure/[kq'kh ls Hkjk
fy, lcls common word 'beside' gSA blphrase esa
gqvkA
(A blithesome person)
‘side’ dk meaning fdukjkgSA
yM+dk fcYyh dks ughakns[k
vkSjldnq[kh vkSj fpafrr gks x;
Ex- There is a café on the other side of the
lake. ‘Sanguine’ vkSj
‘blithesome’ context dsopposite
Ex- The car was stopped at the side of the gS] vkSj
‘petrified’ context ls vyx gSAvr%]
road with its hazard lights flashing. ‘inconsolable’ lgh answer gSA

SSC CGL Mains 2020
SET-112 (Out of context)

The child is the father of man. Childhood is a (1) _____ • Plight = a difficult and sad situation/,d
of what one is going to be when one (2) _____ maturity. eqf'dy vkSj cqjh voLFkk
(Out of context)
The natural instincts of a man are (3) _____ in his • Promise = it has two meanings
childhoo(d) Time modifies them but cannot (4) _____
them. History contains numerous examples of great 1. A statement that tell someone that you will
men who gave (5) _____ of their future when they were definitely or not do something./,d statement
children. A child's mind is (6) _____ and flexible. The tks fdlh dks crk,xh dh rqe t:j oqQN djksxs ;k ughaA
mould he receives before his clay (7) _____ becomes 2. A sign or reason for hope that something good
his permanent mark.The values and standards of (8)
may happen/,d b'kkjk ;k dkj.k ftlls oqQN vPNk
______ which will determine his life as a man (9) _____
in childhood itself. There may be certain (10) _____ of gksus dh mEehn gksA
course. A bright morning may end in a storm! fn, x, sentence esa ys[kd o.kZu djrk gS fd
SSC CGL Main - 29/01/2022 “childhood” tks fd thou dk ,d important
1. (a) contract (b) promise phase (pj.k) gS] fuf'pr :i ls mlds Hkfo"; ds ckjs
(c) bond (d) plight esa ladsr nsrk gSA
2. (a) secures (b) completes blfy, option (b) 'promise' correct answer gSA
(c) scores (d) attains
2. (d) Attains
3. (a) distributed (b) contributed
• Secure = to obtain or achieve something.
(c) disposed (d) determined
Especially using a lot of effort/cgqr iz;kl ds ckn
4. (a) finish (b) delete
dqN izkIr djukA
(c) efface (d) cancel
(Secure + a contract/deal/funding/ place/
5. (a) preparations (b) indications victory)
(c) suggestions (d) estimations
• Complete = to finish making or doing
6. (a) obstinate (b) rigid something./dqN djus
/cukus dk dke
finish djukA
(c) sensible (d) impressionable
(Complete + a course/project/task/mission/
7. (a) refines (b) precipitates education/training/degree/survey)
(c) contracts (d) hardens • Score = to win points, goals etc. in a game or
8. (a) attitude (b) manipulation competition/fdlh [ksy esa vad] y{; vkfn izkIr djukA
(c) conduct (d) tactics (Score + a goal/victory/point/run/marks)
9. (a) are developed (b) is developing • Attain = It has two meanings -
(c) develops (d) has developed 1. To succeed in getting something after a lot of
10. (a) concessions (b) rejections efforts/cgqr iz;kl djus ds ckn oqQN ikus esa liQ
(c) exceptions (d) exemptions gksuk
(Attain + degree/level/proficiency/grade)
Answer Key 2. To reach a particular age, level, or condition.
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (b) /fdlh fo'ks"k vk;q] Lrj ;k fLFkfr ij igq¡puk
(Attain +
speed/maturity)
6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c)
fn, x, sentence esa fdlh dhlife esamaturity ds
EXPLANATION level ij igq¡pus ds
context esa ckr gqbZ gSA
1. (b) Bond blfy, option (d) 'attains' correct answer gSA
• Contract = an official written agreement/vuqcaèk3. (d) Determine
(Out of context) • Distribute = to give things to a large number
• Bond = something that forms a connection of people./cM+h la[;k esa yksxksa dks oLrq nsuk
(Distribute
between people or groups, such as feeling of something among/between something/
friendship/yksxksa ds chp esa xgjk lacaèk tSls nksLrh somebody)

• Contribute = to give something, especially Deposit = An amount of money that you pay as
money or goods, to help achieve something./ the first part of a larger payment
oqQN gkfly djus esa enn djus ds fy, fdlh dks iSlk ;k (fdlh cM+s amount dk igyk part tks vkius
pay fd;k gS)
lkeku nsuk
(Contribute something to somebody/ e.g. - All deposits are non-refundable.
something)
Instalment = One of a number of payments that
• Dispose = to arrange things or people in a you make regularly over a period of time until you
particular way or position./yksxksa ;k oLrqvksa dks
have paid for something
,d fo'ks"k rjhds ls O;ofLFkr djukA (fdlh cM+samount dkspay djus ds fy, nh tkus okys
• Determine = to discover the facts about NksVs&NksVs
amount, tc rd lkjk amount pay u
something./rF;ksa dh [kkst djuk
gks tk,)
fn, x, sentence esa ;g fdlh dschildhood ds nkSjku e.g. - You can pay in three instalments.
fdlh natural izo`fÙk dh [kkst ;k fuekZ.k ds
context
4. (c) Cancel
esause gqvk gSA
• Finish = to stop doing something or making
blfy, option (d) 'determined' correct answer
something because it is complete./oqQN djuk ;k
gSA
cukuk #d tkuk D;ksafdcomplete
;g gks x;k gSA
Rankers Mantra (Finish + a project/race/school/the chapter)
CONFUSING WORDS RELATED TO ‘MONEY’ • Delete = to remove something that has been
( Money ls related confusing words) written or printed or that has been stored on
Payment = An act of paying, An amount of a computer./fdlh written ;k printed pht dks
money that you pay or expected to pay remove djuk tkscomputer esastore gSA
( Pay djus dk dke] iSlks dh ,damount tks vkidks
pay (Delete + files/a word/name/email)
djus gks ;k dksbZ vkidksa
pay djsaA) • Cancel = to decide that something that has
e.g. - They accept payment in cash/ by cheque. been arranged will not now take place./fdlh
Premium = An amount of money that you pay ,slh pht dks gVkus ds fy,
decide djuk tks vc ugha
once or regularly for an insurance policy gksxhA
/tks vc fujFkZduseless
( ) gSA
(iSlks dk ,d amount tks vki ,d ckj ;k fu;fer :i ls (Cancel + a trip/flight/a show/an event/a
fdlh Insurance policy ds fy, pay djrs gSa) meeting/plan)
e.g. - A premium for express delivery • Efface = to make something disappear; to
Contribution = 1. A sum of money that you pay remove something./fdlh pht dks feVkuk
regularly to your employer or the government in (Efface + memories/identities/distinctions/
order to pay fo r be nefi ts such as heal th characteristics)
insurance, a pension 2. A gift or payment that is e.g. - Time will efface those unpleasant
made to a person or donation memories.
( 1. iSls tks vkiregular vius employees dkspay djrs fn, x, sentence esa ;g fdlh dschildhood esa
gks ;kgovernment dkspay djrs gkshealth insurance develop gqbZ
natural instincts dksremove djus ds
;k pension tSlsbenefits ds fy,] 2. donation nsukA) context esause gqvk gSA
e.g. - To make a substantial contribution to
charity blfy, option (c) 'efface' correct answer gksxkA
Subscription = An amount of money you pay in 5. (b) Sentence dh starting esawriter childhood ds
advance to receive a service promise or sign dksdescribe djrk gS tc dksbZ
(fdlh service ds fy, advance esa iSls
pay djuk) maturity attains djus okyk gksA
e.g. - An annual subscription to Netflix • Preparation = the act or process of getting
Repayment = An amount of money that you pay ready for something./izkIr djus dh fØ;k
(Out of
regularly to a bank etc until you have returned context)
all the money that you owe • Suggestion = an idea or a plan that you
(fdlh Bank etc. dks rc rd iSls pay djuk tc rd vki mention for someone else to think about./,d
lkjs iSls u ykSVk nsa] tks vkius fy;s Fks) idea ftlds ckjs esa vki fdlh dks lkspus ds fy,
e.g. - The repayments on the loan mention djrs gSaA
(Out of context)

• Estimation = judgement or opinion about the conjunction 'and' same ideas dksconnect djrk
value or quality of someone/something./fdlh gS blfy, gesa ,d ,slkword pkfg, tksflexible tSlk
O;fDr@oLrq ds ewY; ;k xq.koÙkk dk vkadyuA sense j[krk gksA
(Out of context) Obstinate & Rigid  opposite to the context
• Indication = sign that shows that something Sensible  out of the context
is going to happen./ladsr tks n'kkZrk gS fd oqQN gksus
Impressionable vkSjflexible ,d tSlk sense
okyk gSA
j[krs gSA
fn, x, sentence esa ;g fdlh egku O;fDr ds
blfy, option (d) 'impressionable' correct
childhood esa mlds bright future dksindicate djus
answer gS] D;ksafd fn;k sentence
x;k dgrk gS fd
dscontext esause gqvk gSA
,d cPps dk fnekxFlexible vkSj vklkuh ls izHkkfor
blfy, option (b) 'indications' correct answer gSA gksus okyk gksrk gSA
Rankers Mantra 7. (d) We must have some knowledge of the
CONFUSING WORDS RELATED TO ‘SIGN’ figurative and contextual use of words.
Sign = An event, an action or a fact that shows Mould  A hollow container used to give
that something exists. shape to molten or hot liquid material when
(,d Event, action ;k fact tks fd fdlh pht dk vfLrRo it cools and hardens./fdlh liquid dksshape nsus
{existence} fn[kkrk gS) okyk (fdlh :i esa <kyus okyk)
container.
Indication = A remark or sign that something Clay  A type of heavy, sticky earth that
shows that something is happening becomes hard/,d izdkj dh fpifpih feV~Vh tks dBksj
( remark ;k sign tks ;g show djrk gS fd dqN gksus gks ;k dBksj gks tkrh gSA
okyk gS) • Refine = to make a substance pure by taking
(‘Indication’ often comes in the form of something other substances out of it./fdlh substance esa
that somebody says.) ls nwljs
substances fudkydj mlspure cukukA
Symptom = A change in your body or mind that • Precipitate = to force someone/something
shows that you are not healthy suddenly into a particular state./fdlh O;fDr
(Body ;k mind esa dksbZ
change tks ;g show djsa fd ;k oLrq dks vpkud fdlh fo'ks"k n'kk esa Mky nsukA
vki healthy ugha) gSa • Contract = to become less or smaller./NksVk cukuk
Symbol = A person, an object or an event that • Harden = to become or make something
represents a more general quality or situation become solid or stiff./etcwr cukuk] dBksj cukukA
(dksbZ O;fDr ;k oLrq ;k ?kVuk tks fdlh quality
general fn, x, sentence esa ;gmention fd;k x;k gS fd
;k situation dksrepresent djsaA) things ;k impressions fdlh child ds mind esa rc
In dicator = A sig n th at sh ows y ou w hat rd imprinted jgrs gSa] tcmind feV~Vh dh rjg
soft
something is like or how a situation is gksrk gSA ,d ckj mind
tc dBksj gks tkrk gS rks o
changing (,d sign tks ;g show djrk gS fd dqN] imprints mldsmind esa permanent gks tkrs gSA
D;k gS ;g dSls
situation bl izdkj cny jgh gSA) blfy, option (d) 'hardens' correct answer gSA
.
6. (d) Impressionable 8. (c) Passage dk context negative ugha gSA
• Obstin ate = refu sing to ch ange yo ur • Attitude = the way that you think and feel
opinions./viuh jk; cnyus ls badkj djuk about someone/something./ftl rjg ls vki
• Rigid = very strict and difficult to change./ fdlh ds ckjs esa lksprs ;k eglwl djrs gSA
cgqr l[r vkSj cnyus esa eqf'dy •
Manipulation = the behaviour that controls
• Sensible = able to make go od j udgeme nts or influ ence s someone/some thing ./ og
based on reason and experience rather than behaviour tks fdlh dkscontrol djrk gS ;k fdlh
emotion/Hkkoukvksa ds ctk;] vuqHko vkèkkfjr vPNs fu.kZ;
dks izHkkfor djrk(Negative
gSA connotation)
ysus esa l{ke • Tactics = the particular method you use to
• Impressionable = easily influenced or affected achieve something. (Strong-arm tactics)/og
by someone/something.’/vklkuh ls fdlh ls izHkkfor fo'ks"k rjhdk] ftldk mi;ksx vki oqQN gkfly djus d
gksus okykA fy, djrs gSaA
(etcwr gkFk dh jktuhfr
)

Reading Comprehension Introduction
Section - B
Comprehension
Passage
Section Highlights
• 250+ Previous Year Questions
• 100+ Expected Questions
• 100+ Type-wise Questions
• 30+ Reading Boosters
• Detailed Theory


01
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
Reading Comprehension lHkhcompetitive A tailor and a goldsmith were travelling together,

examination esa iwNk tkus okyk lcls egRoiw.kZ and one evening when the sun had sunk behind the
Hkkx gSA
Reading
mountains, they heard the sound of distant music,
comprehension ds question }kjk ijh{kkfFkZ;ksalogicaldh
abil-
which became more and more distinct. It sounded
ity vkSjlanguage skills dks ,d lkFk ij[kk tk ldrk gSA strange, but so pleasant that they forgot all their
• Logical ability = A bil ity to ide nti fy weariness and stepped quickly onwards. The moon had
implication and draw inferences already arisen when they reached a hill on which they
• Language skills = Grammatical structures, saw a crowd of little men and women, who had taken
reading skills and vocabulary knowledge each other's hands, and were whirling round in the
 'Reading comprehension' ,d process gS ftlesa vki dance with the greatest pleasure and delight. They
sang it most charmingly, and that was the music that
le>rs gSa fd vki D;k i<+ jgsa gaSA
the travellers had heard. In the midst of them sat an
• Different types of areas/topics for reading old man who was rather taller than the rest. He wore
comprehension a party-coloured coat, and his hoary beard hung down
(1) Social sciences = History, anthropology, over his chest. The two remained standing full of
sociology, government, etc. astonishment, and watched the dance.
(2) Natu ral scien ces = Biolo gy, ph ysics, A tailor and a goldsmith were travelling together,
chemistry, astronomy, etc. and one evening when the sun had sunk behind the
(3) Hu man iti es = A rt, mu si c, l i te ratu re mountains, they heard the sound of distant music,
philosophy, etc. which became more and more distinct. I t
(4) Business = Economics, Marketing, human sounded strange, but so pleasant that they forgot all
resources, etc. their weariness and stepped quickly onwards. The
brus izdkj dstopics fn, tkus dk mís'; ;gh tk¡pukmoon had already arisen when they reached a hill on
which they saw a crowd of little men and women, who
gksrk gS fd fn;k x;kpassage, ijh{kkFkhZ le>ushad esataken each other’s hands, and were whirling round
comfortable gS Hkh] ;k ughaA in the dance with the greatest pleasure and delight.
 geus bl Book ds section A esa igys gh oqQN rjhds They ns[k sang it most charmingly, and that was the music
fy, gaS ftlls Reading Skills, Vocabulary vkSj that the travellers had heard. In the midst of them sat
an old man who was rather taller than the rest. He
Gramatical Knowledge dksimprove dj ldrs gSaA
wore a party-coloured coat, and his hoary beard hung
ge Unseen Passage dkssolve djus ds fy, mUgha rjhdksa down over his chest. The two remained standing full
esa ls oqQN rjhdsDetail
;gk¡ esa i<+saxsA of astonishment, and watched the dance.
 How to develop a good reading skill?  How to improve 'comprehension'?
Reading ,d skill gSA gesa ;g ckr le>uh pkfg, fd ge ,d • gesa'vocabulary' vkSj'word usage' dk vPNk Kku
skill dks dqN fo'ks"k rjhdksa ls dj ldrs gSaA
improve gksuk pkfg,A
fuEu dqN ckrksa dks è;ku esareading
j[krs gq,djsa& • 'Collocation', 'connotation' vkSj'technical vo-
• Reading dksenjoy djsaA (Enjoy it) cabulary (jargons)' fdlh Hkhpassage dks vPNs ls
• Reading cl ,d examination crack djus dktool le>us esa dkiQh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk djrs gSaA
ugha gSaA vxj geenjoy
bls djsaxs rks vPNs vad t:j ik,¡xsaA • Passage dks dHkh Hkh dsoy Åij&Åij ls ugh i<+uk pkf
• ,d ckj esa ,d 'kCn dHkh u i<+s] ges'kk ,d ckj esa ,d mlscritical rjhdsls i<+asAPassage ds 'main idea',
phrase/clause i<+us dh dksf'k'k djsaA bl ckr dks ,d 'tone' vkSj'passage' ls fudyus okys'assumption',
ckj uhps fy[ks fcuk
underline okyspassage rFkk fiQj 'inference', 'conclusion' dks Hkh tkuus dh dksf'k'k djs
underline okyspassage dks i<+dj le>saA • gesafigurative language dh Hkh vPNh le> gksuh pkfg,A

Introduction
Problems faced by students  Direction Question = ,sls iz'u ftudk mÙkj ge

passage
dks i<+dj vklkuh ls ns ldrs gSa] mUgas
Directge
question
 dfBu 'Grammatical structures' ds iz;ksx ds dkj.k
pas-
dgrs gSaA bu iz'uksa dk mÙkj esa gh fn;k gksrk gSA
passage
sage dks le>us esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gSA
 Vocabulary based question = gekjsvocabulary
 tSls&tSls
passage dks i<+rs gq, vkxs c<+rs gaS] oSls&oSls ge ;g
knowledge dkstest djus ds fy, gesaword ij vk/kfjr iz'u
Hkwyus yxrs gSa fd 'kq: esa D;k fy[kk FkkA
fn, tk,axsA blesa eq[;r%
fill in the blanks, synonym,
 Questions dk mÙkj ge ckj&ckj passage dks i<+dj vkSj antonym, vkfn dhform esa iz'u fn, tkrs gSaA
mlesakey words dks [kkst dj] nsus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSa] blls
 Indirect question = bl rjg ds iz'u ijh{kkFkhZ ds
'under-
cgqr T;knk le; pyk tkrk gSA
standing' vkSj'intellect' dks ij[kus ds fy, cuk, tkrs gSaA
 Complete passage i<+dj Hkh dqN conclude ugha djrs gaS budk mÙkj nsuk ijh{kkFkhZ ds fy, FkksM+k eqf'dy gksrk
fd geus D;k i<+kA iz'uksa esa fuEu izdkj ds iz'u vkrs gSa&
Types of Questions 1. Main idea of a passage
2. Tone of a passage
Different Types of Questions 3. Suitable title of a passage
Direct Question 4. Inference/conclusion based questions
Level = Easy 5. Summary of a passage
(Fact based question) 6. Assumption based question
Vocabulary based question
Level = Moderate
(word - usage)
Indirect Question
Level = Difficult
• Main idea
• Tone
• Title
• Inference
• Conclusion
• Summary
• Assumption

02
CHAPTER
APPROACHES
Skimming & Scanning Approach : How to skim/scan

Passage dkssolve djus ds fy, eq[;r% nks
approaches How to skim
gksrh gSaA • Step-1:- lcls igys fdlh passage dk 1st paragraph
A. Skimming & Scanning  ;g Approach le; dk
i<a+s] blls gesa
subject matter ds ckjs esa irk py tkrk gS fd
writer us fdl topic ds ckjs esa fy[kk gSA
vHkko gksus ij dh tkrh gSA
prefer
• Step-2:- Paragraph ds lHkh words dks i<+us dh t:jr ugha
B. Hint formation  ;g approach T;knk Bhd le>h tkrh iM+rhA cl gesa
Important facts/data vkSj verbs, nouns
gS ;fn vkids ikl i;kZIr le; gSA rFkkadjectives ij focus djus dh t:jr gS lkFk gh muds
Reading skills dks improve djus ds fy, ge bu nksuksa connotation ij Hkh è;ku nsuk gSA blls gesa
tone ds ckjs esa irk
techniques (skimming & scanning) dh lgk;rk ysrs gSaA okLro pyrk gSA
esa bu nksuksa
techniques dk iz;ksx speed c<+kus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
• Step-3:- Last paragraph dks FkksM+k è;ku ls i<a+s bll
;s nksuksa
techniques gesa information tYnh vkSj vklkuh ls ikus esa conclusion/summary irk pyrk gSA
How to scan
enn djrh gSaA
• Step-1:- lcls igys ge Questions i<+saxs vkSj ,sls iz'uksa
vkb, bu Approaches ds ckjs esa detail esa tkus
:-
mark dj ysxsa tks fd fact-based gSA bu iz'uksa dk mÙ
• Skimming = ;g ,d high-speed reading gSA blls ge directly passage esa gh fey tkrk gSA
fdlh passage dk general sense/over view dsoy dqN • Step-2:- Question ls ge dqN key point/clue fudky
selective words dks i<+ dj ik ldrs gSaAreader;g dk ysxas] fiQj
passage esa dsoy mlh key point dkssearch
time vkSjenergy nksuksa cpkrk gSA djrs gSaA
Skimming dk iz;ksx lkekU;r;k non-fictional (factual) • Step-3:- tc gesa vko';d answer fey tkrk gS rks ml
sentence dks ,d ckj carefully i<+sxsa vkSjanswer vius
books/articles dks le>us ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
dksrecheck djsxsaA
• Scanning = Scanning dk vFkZ fdlh passage dks dqN
specific information tSls& figures/data/names ikus
Hint Formation
ds fy, scan djuk gSA Reading Comprehension dks gesa exam hall esa lcls ckn esa gh
Attempt djuk pkfg,A
Scanning dk iz;ksx gereading comprehension ds
• ¶igys iz'u i<+s ;k
passage¸ bl iz'u dk dksbZ lgh tokc gks gh
passage esa fn, x, iz'uksa ds mÙkj ikus ds fy, djrs gSaA
ugha ldrk gS D;ksafd
different students ds fy, different
geus igys gh iz'uksa dk izdkj le> fy;k gS& strategies laHko gSaA
(1) Fact based question (Direct) vxj vki Beginner gSa rks vki igys passage dks i<+saA vxj vkius
(2) Vocabulary based question (Direct/Indirect) dkiQh T;knkpractice dj j[kh gS rks vki ,d ckj esa tYnh ls lHkh iz'uk
(3) Indirect questions (Tone/Theme/Inference/ dks ns[kdj Hkh passage i<+uk 'kq: dj ldrs gaSA
Conclusion/Main idea/Assumption, etc.) • 'SSC' ds lHkhExaminations esa iwNs tkusreading okys
comprehension ds fy, lcls vPN happroach gksxh fd ge
è;ku nsa%&
RC ds ,d set esa yxHkx 40% iz'u fact based
lcls igys passage dks i<+uk 'kq: djsa vkSj mlds hintckn
gh iwNs tkrs gaSA
formation djrs pysaA ,slk djus ls gesa ckj&ckj
passage ugha
• Skimming vkSjscanning djds gesa dsoy fact based i<+uk iM+sxk vkSj cuk, x,dh lgk;rk ls ge lHkh iz'uksa dk
hints
questions dks ghattempt djuk gSA mÙkj vklkuh ls ns ldrs gSaA
Approaches
• Some important points related to 'Hint 3. Hints ,sls gksus pkfg, ftUgsa ge le> ldsaA
formation'.
4. Passage dks dHkh Hkh vk/k v/wjk ;k tYn ckth esa u i
1. i<+s x,passage dk hints cukrs le; gesa ;g ckr t:j
# Hint formation esa gesa i<+rs&i<+rs
speed esa
passage ds
;kn j[kuh gS fd gehints dsoy mUghasentences dk
important points dksnote down dj ysuk pkfg, blls
cuk,¡xsa ftUgsa ge ;kn u j[k ik,¡A
gesaconcentrate djus esa enn feyrh gS] attentive
ge
2. Hints gesa viuh Hkk"kk esa cukuh gS t:jh ugha gS fd gejgrs
iwjkgS
avkSj gesa ckn questions
esa dks djrs le; muds
sentence fy[ksaA shortcuts
ge dk iz;ksx dj ldrs gSaA answers ds fy, iwjspassage dks ckj&ckj ugh i<+uk iM+r
Practice on Hint Formation
Let's learn through some examples:- Hint Formation

• Exploration in space  Helpful on earth
SET - 1
• Satellites - helpful in (1) communication across
Space exploration helps us on earth in many ways
the globe (2) monitoring the weather events 
as well as expand our knowledge of the universe. New
technologies are created as well as medicines to and Death prevention
further cures to illnesses on earth. Jobs are created • Satellites - need international cooperation which
from this area and it inspires new generations to brings mankind closer
explore the sky above. Many innovations from space
can even protect earth from extinction level events like • Job creation - helps economy
meteors striking the planet. Much of the research
obtained was from NASA’s official site so the data is SET - 3
reliable. Some of it is recent projects that have
Satellites can also monitor asteroids to see if
occurred, some is from future projects that will occur,
and the rest is from past projects that have been they will hit earth and if they do, they can divert it.
successful and helped us on earth. SpaceX has thought of a satellite that might be able
Hint Formation to protect earth from these large rocks. Exploring
 Space exploration helps - many ways - expand space can help us find alternative means of energy
kno wledge - new technol ogy creation - other than fossil fuels. The sun can be explored
medicine/cures - job creation - inspires new further so that we might be able to harness its solar
generations to explore above sky. energy more efficiently. Space exploration can give us
 Many innovations protect earth from extinction a perspective on the earth and that we need to protect
level problems - such as meteors' striking the it. We can monitor greenhouse gases and try to reduce
planet
the effects of global warming. New technologies are
 NASA research - reliable
created from the exploration of space and we can learn
 Some research (1) of recent projects (2) of future more about the earth and the universe around us. We
projects (3) past projects successful and helpful
for earth. could _____________ the meaning of our existence.
Hint Formation
SET - 2 • Satellites monitor asteroids - divert asteroids
Exploration into space benefits us on earth. before hitting earth
Satellites in the atmosphere allow us to communicate • Exploring space - helps - find alternative energy
with people across the globe and ask for help anywhere
of source (other than fossil fuels)
at any time. Satellites can also monitor weather and
extreme weather events to help in the future to • Exploring the sun - we can use solar energy
prevent more deaths and help more people. These efficiently
satellites need international cooperation to create and
• Space exploration - reminds of earth protection
maintain which brings mankind closer together. Jobs
are created from the line of work which help people on - monitoring green house -reducing the effects
earth, and it helps the countries' economies as well. of global warming

03
CHAPTER
FINDING MAIN IDEA/THEME
& SUITABLE TITLE
Finding 'Main Idea' / 'Theme' Finding 'Suitable Title'

 fdlh passage dk main idea og central thought gS  Ways in which Questions are asked
tkswriter vius readers dks crkuk pkgrk gSA 1. Select the most suitable/appropriate title for
 Ways in which Questions are asked the passage.
1. What is the passage mainly about? 2. The most suitable/appropriate title for the
2. What is the main idea or central idea of the passage is:
passage?  Types of Title of Passage
3. What is the main theme or central theme of the Title nks izdkj dk gks ldrk gS%
passage?
1. Explicit – bl izdkj dk Title Passage esa ckj&ckj
4. What is the main thought or central thought of
the passage? iz;ksx gq, fdlh 'kCn ls cuk;k tkrk gS ;k
Passage esa fy[ks
Facts ls inspired gksrk gSA
izR;sdpassage dk ,d main idea gksrk gS] vkSj ml
main
idea dkssupport djus ds fy, passage esa cgqr lkjs
details fn, gksrs 2. Implicit – bl izdkj dk Title <wa<uk lkekU;r% Fkk
gS
aAPassage dk 'main idea' find djuk reader ds fy, dkiQh Difficult gksrk gS] ;s
Passage esarepeated words ls ugha
helpful gksrk gS D;ksafd iwjk blh ds bnZ&fxnZ ?kwerk gSA
passage <wa<+k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj
titledk
lkekU;r%
Metaphors ;k
 How to find 'Main Idea' Idioms ds from esa
implied (hidden) gksrk gSA
• fdlh passage dk main idea tkuus ds fy, dksbZ fuf'pr How to find 'Suitable Title'.
rule ugha gksrk gSA
• fn;s x, passage dks gesa è;ku iwoZd i<+uk pkfg,A
• fdlh Hkh
Passage dk main idea fudkyus esastudents
• Title ,slk gks fd
Title dks ns[kdj
main idea le> lds a
A
vDlj igys ;k vafre paragraph ls influence gks tkrs
gSa] ysfdu è;ku jgs Passage
fd dk main idea iwjs • gesa ,d ls T;knk
options lgh yx ldrs gaSA gesa ges'kk
Passage dkscover djs uk fd fliZQ ,dparagraph dksA most appropriate title dks pquuk pkfg,A
• dbZ ckjwriter gesaexamples/ illustrations ds • Title short gksuk pkfg,
Descriptive ughaA
through ;k oqQN NksVh&NksVh ckrksa
through ,d ds
main • Title ,d phrase ds form esa gksrk clause/
gS
point ;k ,d cM+s
topic dh rjiQ ykuk pkgrk gS] ,sls esa
sentence dh form esa ughaA
gekjkmain idea oks cM+k
topic gh gksxk]
examples/
• Title dk vkSjpassage dk scope leku gksuk pkfg,
illustrations main idea ugha gks ldrs gSaA
;kfuTitle ,slk u gks ftlds vanj mlpassage tSls cgqr
• dHkh&dHkhPassage dk main idea obvious (clear)
passage lek tk, vkSj ,slk Hkh u gks fdpassage
cl
uk gksds
implied (hidden) Hkh gks ldrk gS] ,sls esa gesa
writer dh intention vkSjattitude dks le>us dh ds oqQNpoints dkscover djsaA
dksf'k'k djuh pkfg,A tSls& eku fyft, ,d passage esaword war II ds nkSjku
• Passage dks i<+rs le; nks ckrsa le>us dh dksf'k'k djsa fd Atom Bombs ds use dh ckr dgh vkSj mlls gq,
Passage fdlds }kjk vkSj D;ksa fy[kk x;k gSA Destruction dks crk;k x;k gS] rkspassage
ml dk
• xyr options dkseliminate djds gh lgh option rd title "Science and its destructive power" ugha
igq¡psA gks ldrk D;ksafd bldk
scope cgqr T;knk gSA

Reading Comprehension Main idea & suitable title
Introduction
eku yhft, ,d Passage dsFirst paragraph esa Atom Destruction ls related gksxk overall
;k weapons
Bomb ls gq,destruction dh ckr dgh tk,] second ls related gksxkA
paragraph esa Bio weapons ls destruction dh ckr • dbZ ckj geconclusion dkstitle le> cSBrs gSa ;s ,slh
dgh tk, vkSjthird paragraph esaPhysical weapons xyrh gS tks cgqr lkjs
students ls gksrh gSA è;ku jgs
title
ls destruction dh ckr dgh tk, rksPassage dk title dHkh conclusion ugha gksrk gSoqQN
title conclude ugha
fliZQAtomic weapons ;k fliZQBio weapons ;k djrk gS] ;s dksbZ
inference ugha gS] Passage
;s ds
fliZQphysical weapons ls related ugha gks ldrk ideas dh summary and writer dh tone dks
D;awfd bldk scope cgqr de jg tk,sxkA ,slstitle
esa ;k rks express djrk gSA
Note:- ;sapoints geus vkxsexamples ds through le>k;sa gSa] bu lHkh

examples dks è;ku ls i<+saA
Exercise
SET - 1 title gSA
Whether you can accomplish a specific goal or • Option (a) wrong gS D;ksafdpassage esatask dks
meet a specific deadline depends first on how much djus dk ,d way crk;k x;k gS rFkk
mention fd;k x;k
time you need to get the job done. What should you do gS fd blls seemingly unrealistic goal Hkh
when the demands of the job exceed the time you have
complete fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
Only unrealistic goal
available? The best approach is to divide the project
into smaller pieces. Different goals will have to be dkstackle djus dk ugha] cfYd lHkh izdkj ds dks
goals
di vide d in differe nt w ays, but one see ming ly tackle djus dk rjhdk crk;k x;k gSA
unrealistic goal can often be accomplished by working
on several smaller, more reasonable goals.
SET - 2
1. Select the option that best expresses the He alth clu bs h ave undergo ne a maj or
main idea of the passage. transformation that can be described in three words:
mind, body, and spirit. Loud, fast, heart-thumping
(a) Jobs often remain only partially completed
aerobics has been replaced by the hushed tones of
because of lack of time.
yoga and the controlled movements of Pilates. The
(b) The best way to complete projects is to make clubs are responding to the needs of their customers
sure your goals are achievable. who are increasingly looking for a retreat from their
(c) The best way to tackle a large project is to hectic lifestyles and a way to find a healthy balance
separate it into smaller parts. in their lives by nurturing their whole selves.
(d) The best approach to a demanding job is to 1. Select the option that best expresses the
delegate responsibility. theme of the passage.
2. Select the most appropriate title of the passage. (a) Exercise is less important now than it once
(a) How to tackle impossible tasks was.
(b) Unrealistic goals (b) Health clubs are much less popular now than
they were ten years ago.
(c) The best way to complete a task
(c) Many health clubs will go out of business
(d) None of these because of the decline in traditional exercise.
EXPLANATION (d) People’s desire to nurture all aspects of
themselves has contributed to big changes
1. (c) Passage esa crk;k x;k gS fd ;fn ge viusgoal dks for health clubs.
NksVs&NksVs
parts esadivide djsa rks ge vius
goal dks 2. Select the most appropriate title of the passage.
vklkuh lsachieve dj ldrs gSaA (a) Importance of exercise
2. (c) Passage esa crk;k x;k gS fd ;fn ge vius
goal dks (b) Causes of major transformation of health
NksVs&NksVs fgLlksa esa ck¡V ys rks dk;Z cgqr gh vklkuh
clubsls gks
tk;sxkA vr%passage esa fdlhtask dkscomplete (c) Hectic lifestyle of people
djus dk rjhdk crk;k x;k gS
- option (c) suitable (d) None of the above

04
CHAPTER
FINDING 'TONE OF PASSAGE'
Tone:- ,d writer tc oqQN fy[krk gS rks ftl pht ds ckjs esa oks fy[k Tone
jgk gksrk gS mlds izfr mldkcertain
,d mood ;k attitude gksrk
gS tSls dksbZ topic
fdlh is facts dh ckr djrk gS(Factual Tone), Positive Negative Neutral
Tone
dksbZ fdlh pht faults
esa (dfe;ka) fudkyrk gS (critical tone), dksbZ
Tone Tone
fdlh topic ds gj aspect dks crkrk (analytical

gS tone) dksbZ viuh
¶t c writer d k ¶t c writer dk ¶t c writer d k
feelings express djrk gS] tSls
sadness, happiness, love, hate, attitude, passage attitude, passage
attitude, passage
etc., (sentimental/ emotional/ sad/ happy/ romantic esafn, x, topic d s esafn, x, topic
topic d s esafn, x, topic d s
tone) ;s vyx&vyx rjhds ;kattitude ghtone dgykrs gSaA fy, favourable gks¸ gksj vkSj
fy, unfavourable fy, ukghfavourable
favourable
 Forms of Questions asked gSA¸ ukghunfoavourable
Example gks¸
1. What is the tone of the passage?
Example
2. What is the type of the passage? Laudatory Eulogistic Example
Laudatory
3. What is the context of the passage? Reverent Optimistic Pessimistic
Eulogistic Acerbic
Pessimistic
Songuine Suggestive Cynical Sceptical Descriptive
4. What is the mood of the passage? Reverent
Motivating Acerbic Descriptive
Optimistic Sarcastic
Cynical Factual
Factual
Humonistic etc.
Note: Tone, Type, Context vkSj Mood FkksM+s&FkksM+s vyxSanguine
gksrs gSa] Disdainful etc.
Sceptical
Narrative
Narrative
Didactic
exj gekjsexams esa buds difference ij è;ku u nsrs gq, Suggestive Sarcastic Didactic
Analytical etc.
Motivating Disdainful, etc. Analytical etc.
budks ,d gh rjg ls iwN fy;k tkrk gSA Humanistic, etc.
 Important Points Step 3 - Passage esa iz;ksxadjectives
gq, vkSjadverbs
• Passage dks vPNs ls i<+dj gesawriter dk ml topic ds dks fnekx esa t:j j[ksa]
Tone fudkyus esa mudk ;ksxnku vrqY;u
izfr 'attitude' irk yxkuk gksxkA gSA
• cgqr ckj gepassage esa iz;qDr
words ds connotation dh Step 4 - Idioms-phrases vkSjmetaphors dh vPNh
en~n ls FkksM+h lgk;rk izkIr dj ldrs gSaA le> Tone fudkyus esa cgqr ennxkj jgrh gSA
• è;ku ns] ,d passage dk ,d ls vf/d tone gks ldrk gS]
Important Tones
blfy, gesaoptions dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, options
xyr dks
1. Romantic = tc ys[kdpassage esastrong feelings,
Eliminate djds lgh option dksselect djuk gSA
imagination (dYiuk) vkSj love (izse) dksmention djs
 How to find tone of the Passage
rks ;gk¡
romantic tone gksrh gSA
Step 1 - lcls igys gesaPassage dk Nature ns[kuk pkfg,A
2. Argumentative = tc ys[kd passage esa dksbZargument
Passage eq[;r% nks Nature ds gks ldrs gS%
djus dh tendency ( ekufldrk) dks n'kkZrk gS rk
(i) Fact Based argumentative tone gksrh gSA
(ii) Opinion Based 3. Historical = tc history ls related ckrksa dk@rF;ksa d
Passage dk nature ns[kdj ,slsoptions tkspassage ds o.kZu fd;k tk;s rks ogk¡
historical tone gksrk gSA
nature ls vyx nature ds gksrs gSa mudks gVk nsuk4. pkfg,A
Provocative = tc passage esa ,slh ckrksa dk ftØ gksrk g
Do it yourself: tkstones geus fn, gSa mudks ,d ckj bu ftuls yksxksa dks xqLlk vk;s ;k os
upset gSa rksprovocative/
ogk¡
nksnature ds fglkc lsclassify djds ns[ksaA incendiary tone gksrh gSA
Step 2 - Passage dk Sentiment ns[kuk pkfg, vkSj mlds 5. Grandiose = tc ys[kd fdlh ckr dks c<+k&p<+k dj@izHkk
according options dkseliminate djuk pkfg,A Passage rjhds@'kkunkj rjhds ls dgrk gSgrandiose
rks ogk¡ tone gksrh
dk sentiment eq[;r% rhu izdkj dk gks ldrk gS tks geus uhps gSAGrandiose 'kCngrandeur ls related gS ftldk vFkZ
le>k;k gSA gksrk gS 'kku
(splendour ).

Reading Comprehension Finding 'ToneIntroduction
of passage'
39. 56.tks Apathetic = ys[kd dks

Nostalgic = vxj ys[kd past time ds ckjsa esa lksprk gS passage esa vxj dksbZ
interest ;k
fd present ls better Fkk rks ml
feeling dks og bl tone enthusiasm u eglwl gks rks
apathetic tone ekuk tkrk gSA
ds }kjkexpress djrk gSA 57. Anecdotal = bl tone dk iz;ksx ys[kd dgh&lquh ckrksa
40. Sanguine = Yks[kd
;fn future dks ysdj cgqr gh
happy o O;Dr djus ds fy, djrk gSA ;g tone ml passage ds fy,
confident gS rks og bl
tone dk use djrk gSA
iz;ksx gksrk gS] tksfacts ;k evidence ij vk/kfjr u gksA
hard
58. Commiserating = bl tone dk iz;ksx ys[kdsympathy
41. Compassionate = vxj fdlh ds izfr sympathy
(laosnuk) O;Dr djus ds fy, djrk gSA
(lgkuqHkwfr) dh Hkkouk dks n'kkZuk tone gks
dk use
rks bl
fd;k
59. Derisive = bl tone dk iz;ksx ys[kd migkl djus ds fy,
tkrk gSA
djrk gSA
42. Humorous = Sense of humour (fouksnh LoHkko) dks
60. Zealous = bl tone dk iz;ksxys[kdgreat energy ;k
n'kkZus ds fy, ys[kd
bl tone dk use djrk gSA
enthusiasm fn[kkus ds fy, djrk gSA
43. Reverent = ;fn ys[kd fdlh ds izfrdeep respect dk Hkko
61. Gloomy = ;g tone n'kkZrk gSys[kd fd fdlh ckr dks ysdj
express djrk gS rks og bltone dk use djrk gSA sad vkSjhopeless gSA
44. Poignant = tc ys[kd dqN ,slk o.kZu djrk gS tks fdlh 62.ds Pensive = bl tone dk iz;ksx ;g n'kkZrk gS ys[kd
fdfdlh pht
fny dks xgjkbZ ls nq%[kh (vFkkZr~ ekfeZd) dj ns rks og blds izfr cgqr T;knk lksp jgk gS ;k
tone fiQj fparu dj jgk gSA
deeply
dksuse djrk gSA 63. Psychotic = bl tone dk iz;ksx reader ds fnekx dks bl
45. Eulogistic/Laudatory = ;fn ys[kd fdlh dh T;knk iz'kalk izdkjaffect djrk gS fdreader reality ds lkFkcontact
djuk pkgrk gS rks og tone
bl dk use djrk gSA [kks nsrk gSA
46. fixed idea j[krk 64. Serene = tc ys[kd calmness ('kkafr) dk Hkko j[ks ;k
Moralistic = tc ys[kd fdlh ds ckjs esa
nature (izÑfr) ls yxko O;Dr djsa rks ogk¡ bl dk
tone
gS fd dkSu lk
behaviour lgh gS vkSj dkSu lk xyr rks og bl
bLrseky gksrk gSA
65. Subjective = Subjective tone og gksrh gS ftlesa
47. Judgemental = ;fn ys[kd yksxksajudge dks djrk gS ;k passage esa fn, x,topic ds izfrauthor ds opinions,
criticise djrk gS rks og bltone dk use djrk gSA feelings, biases (iwokZxzg) vkfn Li"V gksrs gSaA
48. Rhetorical = tc ys[kd yksxksa dks izHkkfor djuk pkgrk gSSubjective
rks tone esa
use dh xbZlanguage vDlj emotive
og bl tone dk use djrk gSA (HkkoukRed) gksrh author
gS vkSjmuphrases (okD;ka'kksa) dk
iz;ksx djrk gStopic
tks ds izfrauthor dspersonal beliefs
49. Critical = tc ys[kd fdlh esa deh;k nks"k fudkyus dk bjknk
;k attitudes dks n'kkZrs gSaA
j[krk gS rks og bl
Subjective tone, persuasive (;dhu fnykus okyh ;k izrhr
50. Evocative = bl tone ds ekè;e ls ys[kd fdlh dh Hkkoukvksa djkus okyh) gks ldrh gS] D;ksafd
author viuh emotions ;k
dks mdlkrk ;kgSdqN iqjkuh
bad feeling dks rktk djrk gSA feelings dksappealing (vkd"kZd) cukdjreader dks
influence (izHkkofr) djus dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA
51. Populist = bl tone dk use ys[kdrc djrk gS tc dksbZ
66. Objective = Objective og gksrh gS ftlesa author fdlh
political person vke yksxksa ds;ker
Hkkoukrepresent
dks
topic dks fu"i{k] rVLFk rjhds ls vkSjinformation ds
facts
djrk gSA
vkèkkj ij izLrqr djrkAuthor,
gSA ml topic ds izfrnetural
52. Accusatory = fdlh ij vkjksi yxkus ds bjkns ls ys[kd
bl jgrk gS rFkk Lo;a dhtopic
ml ls attached (tqM+k gqvk)feel
tone dk use djrk gSA ugha djrk gSA
53. Acerbic = bl tone dk use rc fd;k tkrk gS tc ys[kd Objective tone esause dh xbZlanguage, factual
fdlh dh cruel way esa cqjkbZ djuk pkgrk gSA (rF;kRed)]precise (lVhd) vkSj HkoukRed ;k O;fDrxr jk;
ls jfgr gksrh gSA
54. Angry/Irascible/Indignant = tc ys[kdfdlh ckr dks
Objective tone lkekU;r% academic writing, news
ysdj viuk xqLlk tkfgj djs rks ogk¡tone
;g dke vkrh gSA reporting ;k scientific papers esa iz;ksx dh tkrh gS] tgk¡
55. Agitated = bl izdkj dh tone, ys[kd dh 'anxiety', fu"i{k jguk vkSj fcuk fdlh O;fDrxr O;k[;k ;k iwokZx
'distress' vkSj'nervousness' fn[kkrh gSA tkudkjh izLrqr djuk egRoiw.kZ gksrk gSA
of passage'
Exercise
1. The recen t decision of th e Rajasthan 6. Touching the baby crocodile at Madras
government to implement an M- sand policy Crocodile Park, was a very heart-touching
is bound to usher in many changes. The effects moment. "We don't have to keep touching it
of illegal min in g lead to seriou s again," Prof Daniel kept saying nervously until
environmental problems in both marine Bharath, the most daring of our blind friends,
habitats and river courses. Those of us in expressed his desire to put his finger into the
Rajasthan know the importance of Bajri in baby's mouth and feel the tip of its teeth.
construction. Other States need to emulate What is the tone of the given passage?
the Rajasthan example. (a) jovial (b) apologetic
What is the tone of the given passage? (c) nostalgic (d) euphemistic
(a) acerbic (b) biased 7. Our world is based on natural laws. One such
(c) patronising (d) analytical law can be referred to as the 'Give and Take
Principle'. When you cannot change the law of
2. In order to reduce pollution, the suggestion to
nature, there is no option other than to meet
levy a tax on old vehicles can be modified. In
the challenge. Any other method in this regard
many cases, these are vehicles owned by
only means wasting time and resources. These
retired and senior citizens, and sparingly used.
protests only produce vicious cycle of negative
It will not be fair to tax them based on the
thinking, which is an obstacle to their own
vehicle age. The levy of tax can be based on
progress as well as that of the nation,
the actual usage, in kilometres.
Moreover, honest protests also lose their
What is the tone of the given passage? value due to this.
(a) pensive (b) biased What is the tone of the given passage?
(c) psychotic (d) suggestive (a) analytical (b) emotional
3. I did expect the farmers' rally to end in a clash (c) jocular (d) ethical
with the authorities - tensions on both sides
were palpable. The ruling dispensation would 8. At the receiving end in India, before the
undoubtedly use these events to discredit the explosion of cell phones, fondly referred to as
legitimate grievances of farmers. It is thus mobiles, landlines were still in the 'luxury'
incumbent upon the media to sift through the category. My parents were forced to go over to
facts and present a clear picture. a friendly neighbour's house, or even to the
infamous STD booth. Fast forward to the age
What is the tone of the author given passage?
of social media, replete with Facebook,
(a) gloomy (b) zealous WhatsApp and the like. Families like mine are
(c) optimistic (d) speculative no longer just 'keeping in touch'. They are
4. Every citizen remembered the soldiers who overwhelming one another with multi-media
made supreme sacrifice for their nation. exchanges. My mom who used to wait for hours
"Today, I want to bow with reverence at the near a neighbour's phone for a five-minute call
feet of corona warriors as well who worked for from my family, now gives us a narrow window
others while putting their own lives at risk. of twenty minutes.
What is the tone of the author in the given What is the tone of the given passage?
passage? (a) nostalgic (b) romantic
(a) grandiose (b) condescending (c) laudatory (d) ironical
(c) derisive (d) commiserating 9. It is a national shame that the Republic Day
5. The possibility of improving the quality of celebrations this year also witn essed
leadersh ip is th e redeeming featu re of violence. While the Delhi Police appreciably
democracy. Declining standards in political displayed maximum restraint despite extreme
probity, the unrepresentative character of the provocations, the acts by the farmers say it all.
elected legislatures, corrupt practices like Such destruction points to a larger conspiracy
electoral bonds are major concerns and call for which calls for holding a time-bound judicial
reform of the electoral system. inquiry.
What is the tone of the given passage? What is the tone of the given passage?
(a) biased (b) dogmatic (a) euphemistic (b) biased
(c) pedestrian (d) informative (c) patronising (d) indignant

of passage'
10. According to the Indian tiger census of 2011, gks jgk gS tksunreal
fd gS blfy, ;gk¡Speculative
the population of the tiger is at 1411. The tone gSA
population is not comparable to the previous
census as the new findings are based on 4. (d) Commiserating
statistical methods while the earlier were fn, x, passage esawriter, soldiers vkSjcorona
formulated on pug mark counts. Since most warriors ds izfr viuh laosnuk O;Dr dj jgk gS vr% ;gk
Tigers traversed the same route, pug mark
Commiserating tone gksxkA
counts were not accurate. Statistical methods
by definition make the count range-bound, 5. (d) Informative
with the lower limit of the tiger population at fn, x, passage esa
writer, leadership dh quality ls
1165 and the upper limit at 1657.
related information ge yksxksa share
rd dj jgk gSA
What is the tone of the passage?
blfy, ;gk¡ Informative tone gSA
(a) anecdotal (b) apathetic
6. (c) Nostalgic
(c) acerbic (d) analytical
Answer Key fn, x, passage esa
writer viuspast dk ,d lq[kn vuqHko
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d) share dj jgk gSA blh fy, ;gk¡
Nostalgic tone gSA
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10.(d) 7. (d) Ethical
EXPLANATION fn, x, passage esawriter lgh ;k xyr gksus ds fu;eksa
1. (d) Analytical (Laws) vkSj fl¼karksa
(Principles) dh ckr dj jgk gSA
Tone ds iz'uksa dks ge lcls igys
positive, negative blfy, ;gk¡ Ethical tone gSA
vkSjneutral tones esa ns[kus dh dksf'k'k djsxsaA8.fn, x,(a) Nostalgic
passage esawriter dk attitude ,dne Neutral gSA fn, x, passage esawriter, cellphones ds izpyu ds
og cl Rajasthan Government }kjk fy, x, iQSlys igys past esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys
landlines dh ckr dj
dk Analysis dj jgk gSA jgk gS blfy, ;gk¡Nostalgic tone gSaA
Acerbic, Biased vkSj
Patronising ges'kk
negative 9. (d) Indignant
tone ds varxZr vkrs gSaA ;gk¡ lgh mÙkj gSA
'Analytical'
fn, x, passage esawriter viuk xqLlk tkfgj dj jgk gSA
2. (d) Suggestive ys[kd crk jgk gS fd
Republic day ds volj ij Hkh bl lky
fn, x, passage esawriter, iznw"k.k de djus ds fy, violence ns[kus dks feykA blfy,Indignant
;gk¡ tone gSA
suggestion ns jgk gS] blfy, ;gk¡
Suggestive tone gSA10. (d) Analytical
3. (d) Speculative fn, x, passage esawriter, Indian tiger census
fn, x, passage esa
writer }kjk fd, x, Guess dk cks/ dk analysis dj jgk gSA vr% ;gk¡
Analytical tone gSA

05
CHAPTER
SOURCE OF THE PASSAGE
Reading comprehension esasource ls related fuEu Autobiography esa O;fDr Lo;a ds thou ds ckjs esa vius 'kC
questions iwNs tkrs gSa& esa fy[krk gS vFkok fdlh vU; O;fDr ls fy[kokrk gS] fdarq 'k
1. Where is the passage taken from? fopkj Lo;a O;fDr ds gh gksrs gSaA
2. What is the source of the passage according to Autobiography dks i<+uk
biography ls vf/d
you?
interesting gksrk gS D;ksafd blesa gesa ml O;fDr ds fopk
Types of a source -
dks feyrs gSaA
 Biography
e.g. Th e story of my e xperiments wi th tru th
 Autobiography
(Mahatma Gandhi).
 Essay
 Journal  Essay (fuac/)
 Blog post 'Essay' fdlh ,d particular theme ;k subject ij fy[kk
 Memoir x;k short literary composition (y?kq lkfgfR;d jpuk)
 Bulletin gksrk gSA
 Textbook
;g generally analytic, speculative, or interpretive
 Speech
gks ldrk gSA Essay lkekU;r% "criticism, political
 Research paper
manifestos, learned arguments, observations of
 Magazine daily life, recollections and reflections of author"
 Newspaper article ds fy;s fy[kk tkrk gSA
Definitions  Journal (if=kdk)
 Biography (thouh) 'Journal' dh nksmeanings gksrh gS&
1. Journal ,d magazine vFkok dksbZ
tc writer fdlh vU; O;fDr ds thou ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsrk gS rks mls newspaper gks
'Biography' dgrs gSaA ldrk gS tksdaily fdlh ,d particular subject ij
'Biography' fdlh O;fDr ds thou dh lR; ?kVukvksa kèkkfjr
ij v gksrh fy[kk tk;sA
gSA og O;fDr thfor vFkok e`r gks ldrk gSA 2. Journal dk use daily diary dh rjg Hkh fd;k tk
Biography esa O;fDr ds tUe ls e`R;q rdimportant

dh events ldrk gS ftlesa ge daily ds events, thoughts,
feelings etc. fy[krs gSaA
dkscover fd;k tkrk gSA
Writer usually O;fDr dschildhood,
co ming of age events, relation shi ps, fai lure s,  Blog post
successes vkfnsubject dks Øec¼ :i ls describe djrk gSA fdlh blog esa fy[ks x;s
article dksblog post dgrs gSaA
Blog
Examples of biography - post esa
generally article ds lkFkimages, links, etc.
• Alexander Hamilton by Ron Chernow Hkh gksrs gSaA
• Dayanand Digvijay (Ist biography of Hindi  Memoir (laLej.k@
o`rkar)
language) Memoir esaauthor viuh ;knksa dks
narrative way esa
 Autobiography (vkRedFkk) fy[krk gSA
fdlh writer ds }kjk vius gh thou dk o.kZu djusstory
okyh Memoir esa fdlh ,d ?kVuk dk o.kZu gks ldrkauthor
gS tks
dksautobiography dgrs gSaA ds fy;s ,d memory gksA
Source of the passage
 Bulletin (foKfIr i=kd)  Thesis ('kks/ izca/)

Bulletin ,d short news report gksrh gSA blesa fdlh 'Thesis' personal research ds vk/kkj ij ,d particular
news dks foLrkj ls ugha crk;k tkrkA subject ij fy[kk x;k ys[k gksrk gSA
• ;g ,d long passage gksrk gSA
 Text book (ik <+; i qLrd)
• ;g fdlh ,d subject dk complete analysis gksrk gSA
Text book ,d ,slh book gksrh gS ftlesa fdlh ,d Newspaper Article
particular subject ds ckjs esa
facts fy[ks tkrs gSaA "Newspaper articles" readers dkscurrent affairs
Schools esa
use gksus okyh
books Hkh
text book gksrh gSaA vkSj
events dh tkudkjh nsus ds fy;s fy[ks tkrs gasSA buesa n
dh egRoiw.kZ ?kVukvksa dk fooj.k gksrk gS rFkk dq
 Speech (Hkk"k.k)
tkudkfj;k¡ nh x;h gksrh gSaA
Speech esa fdlhthought dksspoken words esa
express dqNsource vDlj students dksconfuse djrs gSaA muesa
ls
fd;k tkrk gSA dqNfuEufyf[kr gSa&
 Research paper ('kks/i=k)  Biography Vs Autobiography
• Biography esa writer fdlh vU; O;fDr ds thou ds
"Research paper" dk use technical and social
ckjs esa fy[krk gS tcfd
autobiography esawriter
topics ij dh x;h research dks fy[kus eas fd;k tkrk gSA Lo;a ds thou ds ckjs esa fy[krk gSA
blesa fdlhresearch ds result ;k fdlh vU; O;fDr }kjk dh • Autobiography esa generally Ist person (I, We)
x;h research dk evaluation gksrk gSA dk use gksrk gSa vr% bUgsa ns[k dj Hkh ge
source of
 Magazine (if=kdk) passage dks le> ldrs gSaA
 Autobiography Vs Memoir Vs Journal
Magazine, text (essays, articles, stories, poems)
• Autobiography esa O;fDr ds tUe ls e`R;q rd dh ?kVukv
dk collection gksrk gSregular
tks intervals ij produced
dk fooj.k Øec¼ rjhds ls fn;k tkrk gSA
fd;k tkrk gSA
• Memoir esa dqN ?kVukvksa dk gh fooj.k gksrk gS
• Magazine ds varxZr
newspaper ugha vkrs gSaA Øec¼ gks ;g vko';d ugha gSA
• Magazine printed or digitally published gks • Journal esa iqjkuh ?kVukvksa dk o.kZu daily
ugha gksrkA
life bl
ldrh gSA ds events, thoughts, feelings, etc. fy[kh tkrh aA
gS
Exercise
1. "Governor" is neither a decorative emblem nor 2. It all happened one summer day in 1995 when
a glorified cipher. His powers are limited but he I was ten years old. At that time, I was living
has an important constitutional role to play in in Valley Center, California with my parents
the governance of the state and in and my brother. Our house was out in the
strengthening federalism. He is the head of the country and there were many wild plants and
state and all chief ministers, including the Tamil animals, and I loved to go on walks with my
Nadu chief minister, must remember it. All father through the wilderness. On that day, my
governors too must remain true to their oath of father, my younger brother, and I were taking
"preserving, protecting and defending the a walk in the bushes outside my house. I
Constitution". What happened in Chennai on wanted to lead, so I walked in front, my brother
Monday was shocking and demonstrates the followed me, and my father was in the back. It
trust deficit between the governor and the chief was a beautiful day when we started walking;
minister. But what Governor R N Ravi, an the deep blue sky was above us, the sun shined
appointee of the BJP government at the Centre, on us from over our heads, and all around you
did was neither new nor surprising: Governors could hear the buzz of insects and the rustle
appointed by Congress governments in the past of the wind on the leaves of the beautiful
had behaved similarly. But Governor Ravi should green bushes. I could smell the lovely smell
have ideally respected the national anthem. of the summer flowers all around me.
What is the source of the given passage? What is the source of the passage?
(a) Essay (b) Memoir (a) Biography (b) Autobiography
(c) Newspaper article (d) Blog Post (c) Journal (d) Bulletin

EXPLANATION
1. (c) Newspaper article
6. (b) fn, x, passage, esaWriter dh [kqn dh
life dh ?kVukvksa
• Passage esa Tamilnadu Govt. ds ckjs esa fy[kk x;k gS rFkk
dk o.kZu gS vr% ge dg ldrs gS fd bl passage dk
"on Monday" ls irk pyrk gS fdpassage, recent ?kVuk
source ,d Autobiography gSA
ij fy[kk x;k gSA vr%
option (c) correct answer gSA
7. (c) fn;k x;kpassage, 'Education and Technology'
2. (b) Autobiography
ij fy[ks x, Essay dk ,d [kaM gS vr% ge dg ldrs gS]
• Passage esa ys[kd us Lo;a ds ckjs esa fy[kk gS rFkk
'1995'
fd bl passage dk source ,d 'Essay' gSA
dks ns[krs gq, ge ;g dg ldrs gSa fdjournal
;g ugha gSA
bl izdkj option (b) correct answer gSA 8. (c) fn, x, passage esaCurrent Events dk o.kZu gS vr%
ge dg ldrs gSa fd fn, x, passage dk source ,d
3. (d) fn;k x, Passage esaCurrent Topics dk o.kZu gSA
'Newspaper Article' gSA
vr% bl passage dk source 'Newspaper Article'
gSA 9. (a) fn, x, passage esaWriter us viuspast time ds
4. (b) fn, x, passage esa'mitra' uked ,d Brahmin dk vPNsExperiences dk Description fd;k gS vr% bl
o.kZu gS] vr% ge dg ldrs gSa fd
passage dk source passage dk Source 'memoir' gSA
,d story gSA 10. (a) fn, x, passage esa'Mother Teresa' ds thou esa
5. (d) fn, x, passage esa
'Napoleon' ds thou dh ?kVukvksa dk ?kfVr ?kVukvksa dk mYys[k gS vr% ge dg ldrs gS f
o.kZu gS vr% ge dg ldrs gSa fd fn,Passage
x, dk Passage dk Source 'Biography' gSA
source 'Biography' gSA

06
CHAPTER
FINDING INFERENCE & CONCLUSION
Inference vkSjconclusion ds iz'u SSC ds lHkh Inference:-

Examinations esa reading comprehension ds questions 1. ;g ,d guess gS tks fdlhtext ds details vkSjreader ds
esa iwNs tkrs gSaA personal knowledge ds combination ls izkIr gksrk gSA
lkekU;r% ,sls iz'uksa inference
esa gesa vkSjconclusion ds 2. blesareader dk personal knowledge iz;ksx esa vkrk gSA
chp dk difference le>us dh vko';drk ugha gksrh gSA ysfdu fiQj
3. Hkh
;g reader ds knowledge vkSjpassage ds details dk
ge igys inference vkSjconclusion esadifference vPNs ls combination gS] blfy, ;g accurate, inaccurate,
le>saxs
A justified vkSjinjustified Hkh gks ldrk gSA
• Inference:- fdlh Text/passage dks i<+us ds ckn tc4. lkekU;r% ;ggeneral statement gksrk gSA
reader ml text ;k passage ds details vkSj vius [kqn ds Note-1:- SSC ds lHkhexamination esainference ;k
knowledge dkscombine djds dksbZ guess djrk gS rks mls conclusion ij vk/kfjr tks iz'u iwNs tkrs gSa muesa bu n
inference dgk tkrk gSA 'kCnksa ds chpdifference
dk iwjh rjg lsneglect gksrk gSA
• Conclusion:- fdlh text/passage dks i<+djreader Note-2:- Critical reading esa ftrus Hkh izdkj ds iz'u iwN
}kjk fd;k tkus okyk ,slk
judgement tks iwjh rjg ls
text ds tkrs gaS] mu lcdks
tackle djus ds fy, dksbZ
rule ges'kk iz;ksx
facts vkSjdetails ij fuHkZj gks]
conclusion dgykrk gSA esa ugha yk;k tk ldrk gSA
blesareader dk personal knowledge iz;ksx ugha fd;k Approach : How to draw inference/conclusion
tkrk gSA
Step-1:- Passage/text dks vPNs ls i<+saA
Inference  Guess  (details from a text + Step-2:- Passage/text esa fy[ks x, ckrksa@rF;ksa dks vius Hkk
personal knowledge ckj summarize djsaA
of reader) Step-3:- viuh reasoning ability dk iz;ksx djds rF;ksa ds vk/kj
Conclusion  Judgement  (facts/details from a ij options dkseliminate djrs gq, lgh fodYi dk pquko djsaA
text) Real life examples of Inference & Conclusion
• vxj ge fdlh road ij cgqr lkjs yksxksa dks nwj ls bdV~Bk g
Conclusion v/s Inference ns[kdj ;g le> tk,a fd ;gk¡ dksbZ
accident gqvk gS rks ;g
Conclusion:- inference ekuk tk,xkA
1. ;g ,d judgement gS tks fdlhtext ds facts ;k details dsoy HkhM+ ns[kdj ;g crkuk fd D;k gqvk gS D;k ugh
ls deduce fd;k tkrk gSA speaker ds personal knowledge dks bafxr djrk gS fd
2. blesareader dk personal knowledge iz;ksx esa ugha vkrk gSAtc Hkh geroad ij HkhM+ ns[krs gS rks lkekU;r%
accidentoks
ds
3. ;gh fdlh passage esa fn, x,information dk logical dkj.k gh gksrk gSA
output gSA blfy, ;g ges'kk
passage ds lUnHkZ esa
accurate • vxj ge fdlh road ij nks VwVh gqbZ xkfM+;k¡ vkSj t[eh
vkSjlogical gksrk gSA rks ;gconclude dj ldrs gS fd ;gk¡accident gqvk gSA ;g
4. ;g specific statement gksrk gSA ,d conclusion le>k tk,xkA
Exercise
1. When an electric company runs a coal-run from floods, and in rising insurance costs. This
power plant, the greenhouse gases it releases damage is what economists call a "negative
cause harm - but the company isn't paying for externality." It is a cost to society, including
the damage. Instead, the costs show up in the to future generations, that is not covered by
billions of tax dollars spent each year to deal the price people pay for fossil fuels and other
with the effects of climate change, such as activities that emit greenhouse gases, like
fighting wildfires and protecting communities agriculture.

Reading Comprehension Finding inference &Introduction
conclusion
(a) Electric companies, running a coal-based problems and to increase energy and focus,
power plant, are equally responsible for the these people need only to drink more water—
harm/damage done to the environment. either by itself or as a primary ingredient in
(b) Un der the current poli cies, el ectric other beverages.
companies are exempted from monetary (a) Doctors do not advise chronically dehydrated
compensation for the damage caused owing patients to drink more water even though
to coal-fired power plants. that would be the best remedy.
(c) The cost incurred for the damage is charged (b) Those who suffer from chronic dehydration
preemptively. could increase their energy and focus by
(d) Negative externality is always qualitative in drinking more water.
nature. (c) Most people in the society at issue suffer
(e) Charging a carbon tax from such electric from chronic dehydration.
companies will definitely address negative (d) Th ose who suffer from dizzine ss can
externality. adequately address the problem by drinking
more water.
2. The more a person is willin g to tell
embarrassin g in cidents th at h e has 5. Some of the college athletes playing football
encountered or his experiences, the more are also playing rugby, but none of them are
confident he is of himself. Such people also playing soccer. Yet some of the soccer players
are confident enough when others playfully are also playing rugby. For this reason, many
poke fun at them. coaches refer to rugby as the catch-all sport.
(a) An under confident person would not like to (a) Most football players play only football and no
tell embarrassing incidents about himself. other sport.
(b) Those who have high confidence do not tell (b) There are some rugby players who play
embarrassing stories about others. neither soccer nor football.
(c) People tell embarrassing stories about (c) Some of the soccer players playing rugby also
play football.
themselves to display their confidence.
(d) Most rugby players also play either soccer or
(d) Confident people do not like to listen to
football.
embarrassing stories about other people.
(e) There are some rugby players who play
(e) If someone does not tell embarrassing
soccer but not football.
stories, it is only because he or she is not
confident. 6. It appears that warm temperatures tend to
improve both productivity and attitudes.
3. The papers of Richard Goodwin, a speechwriter
Empirical evidence supports the general
to John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson,
assumption that outdoor temperatures affect
and h is w ife Doris Kearns G oodw in , a
the way people feel and, perhaps as a result,
presidential historian, shed light on decision the amount they get done. These conclusions
making at crucial moments in American are drawn from a recent study which found that
history. when temperatures increase at the beginning
(a) Secrets of American history are revealed in of spring people are more likely to smile,
the papers of Richard Goodwin. make more money than in the winter, greet
(b) The papers of Richard Goodwin contain strangers, and report that they are content
important information. with their lives.
(c) Not only American history is covered in the (a) People are more likely to smile at the
papers of Richard Goodwin. beginning of spring than at other times.
(d) Richard Goodwin is a fan of American history. (b) When it is 80 degrees outside, people are
more likely to smile than when it is 30
(e) The papers of Richard Goodwin are essential
degrees.
for better decision-making.
(c) Those who smile often are likely to make
4. As a society, we have no excuse for the
more money than those who do not.
prevalence of chronic dehydration. The
remedy is simply too obvious and accessible. (d) Those who greet strangers are likely to make
Those who suffer from the condition seek more money and smile more often than
doctors’ opinions and medications, suffer from those who do not.
unexplained dizziness and other symptoms, (e) Warm temperatures increase happiness and
and are susceptible to sickness. To solve these earnings.

Reading Comprehension Finding inference &Introduction
conclusion
4. (b) fn, x, passage esaChronic Dehydration ds y{k.k present administration ds fy, Hkh ykxw gksxhA vr% lg
vkSj mlds mipkj ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA i<+dj
Passage mÙkj
(a) gSA
vklkuh lsinfer fd;k tk ldrk gS] fd Chronic 8. (b) Passage dks iwjk i<+us ls ge vklkuhInfer
ls ;g dj ldrs
Dehydration ls ijs'kku O;fDr T;knk ls T;knk ikuh ihdj
gSa fd vxj ,d Artist vius desires ds fglkc ls viuh
viuh energy c<+k ldrk gSA vr% lgh (b)
mÙkj
gSA
dyk dk fodkl ugha djrk gS rks og liQyrk izkIr djus ds fy,
5. (e) bl iz'u dks ge'categorical syllogism' }kjk le> ldrs gSA fully motivated ugha gSA (b)
vr%lgh gSA
Football Rugby Soccer Rugby
9. (c) bl iz'u dks vPNs ls le>us ds fy,
categorical Syllogism
dk iz;ksx mi;qDr gksxkA
Fast food Inexpensive

(Category - 2)
Restaurants
(Category - 1)
Passage esa lHkh
Rugby [ksyus okys
Athletes dh ckr ugha
dh xbZ gSADiagram ls clear gS fd dqN ,sls Rugby Poor service
players gaS tks
soccer rks [ksyrs gaS ij iQqVckWy ughaA vr% provider
option (e) lgh gSA unhealthy
6. (a) Passage ds last sentence esa ;gclearly mention gS
fd spring ds 'kq:vkr esa tcTemperature c<+rk gS] rks ge diagram esa ns[k ldrs gSa fd dqN ,sls
Restaurants
ml le; yksx vkSj nwljs
season ds lkis{k esa T;knk
Smile gaS tks
inexpensive Hkh gaSpoor
vkSjservice Hkhprovide
djrs gaSA vr%
option (a) lgh gSA dj jgs gaSA lgh mÙkj
(c) gSA
7. (a) Passage ds first sentence esa gh mention gS fd ;fn 10. (a) Passage dks i<+dj ge vklkuh infer
ls dj ldrs gS fd
dksbZ
ruling party, unemployment rate dks de djs T;knkrjbasketball players ftuds ikl cgqr vPNk
vkSjterrorism dks jksd ys rks ;g 'kfDr dks cuk, j[k ik,xhA athletic talent gS vxj oks
football [ksyas rks t:jh ugha gS
vxj ;g ckr lgh gS rks gededuce dj ldrs gaS fd ;g fd oks lHkh
Americans gh gksaA option
vr% (a) lgh gSA

06
07
CHAPTER 7.1
3.2
READING BOOSTERS
Critical Thinking
Critical thinking ds iz'u T;knkrj banking dsexams 6. iz'uksa dk mÙkj nsrs le;
sentimental ugha gksuk pkfg,] ugha r
esa iwNsa tkrs
aS gkykafd
jgs g SSC esa Hkh buds iwNs tkus dh laHkkouk gSA ge lgh mÙkj dk p;u ugha dj ldrs gSaA
Some important points:- 7. ge dsoy ,sls ghsituations dks ekudj pysxsa tks fd
Practical
1. gesa ;g ckr lcls igys le> ysuh pkfg, fd bu iz'uksa dks le>us gkasAPossible situations ges'kkPractical situations
vkSj mÙkj nsus ds fy, fdlh Hkh izdkjRuleds dksbZ
dh enn ugha ugha gks ldrh gSaA
yh tk ldrh gSA
2. ,sls iz'u gekjh 'understanding' vkSj'ability to deduce
logically' dks ij[kus ds fy, fn, tkrs gSaA
Practical
3. ,sls iz'uksa solve
dks djus ds fy, gekjs ikl ns'k&nqfu;k dh Situations
practical knowledge (Basic knowledge) gksuh pkfg,A
4. gesa ftl passage ds vk/kj ij iz'uksa dk mÙkj nsuk gS] ml
passage esa fn, x, lHkhfacts dks lR; ekudj iz'uksa dh rjiQ
c<+uk gSA pkgs og lHkhrF;kRed :i ls xyr gh D;ksa u gksaA
facts,
Possible
Situations
5. gekjs iklCritical Reasoning dh ability gksuh pkfg,A ftruh HkhPossible situations gaS]Practical
os Hkh gks ,slk
For Example:- t:jh ugha gSA
(a) P, Q dk father gSA ge blls
conclude dj ldrs gSa fd gekjk lkspus dk nk;jk
Practical situations ;k Highly
Q, P dk csVk@csVh gSA dsoy csVk ;k dsoy csVh dg nsuk lgh situations rd gh gSA
probable
ugha gSA 8. ,sls iz'uksaobjectively
dk dksbZ ,danswer ugha gks ldrk gS
(b) P, Q dk father ugha gSA blls ge conclude
dqN ugha dj vr% gesa options dksEliminate djrs gq, lcls suitable
ldrs gSa] ;gk¡ cgqrpossible
lkjs relations cu ldrs gSaA answer dks gh pquuk gSA
Exercise
1. Your cousin is upset since he's getting no job 2. On your way home, somebody asks you where
satisfaction. He thinks his salary is also rather a certain post office is. You only know vaguely
low, so he's going to resign immediately. You where it is. On the other hand, you want to be
feel he's behaving foolishly. You advise him, as helpful as possible. So you say:
caution and say: (a) Go ahead the street. Then turn left and you'll
(a) You'd better be cautious and resign right see it on the right.
away. (b) You'd better not ask everybody such difficult
(b) This idea doesn't sound very sensible to me. questions.
But if you want it, do it. (c) I'm sorry but I can't help you since I'm really
(c) I wish I could help you find a job, but I can't. very busy at the moment.
(d) I suggest you hang on to this job while you (d) It's very near here. You can see it when you
look around for something better, or you take the first turning on the right.
may be landed with something worse. (e) I'm not sure but I don't think it's anywhere
(e) Why don't we set up our own company? near here. In fact, it may be in downtown.

Critical thinking
22. Since your elder son is so much looking (b) Don't you have the Iranian ones? They're
forward to owning a pet animal, you decide to much prettier than this one.
buy him one. You go to a pet shop and choose (c) It may not be a good idea after all. I think he'll
a Siamese cat for him. After a moment's get tired of it in a few weeks.
consideration, you change your mind about
buying a cat, and tell the saleswoman politely: (d) Is there another pet shop near here where I
(a) Well, I really love cats especially beautiful can find different ones?
ones, but I have to look for a less expensive (e) I don't know what I'm doing here. I must be
one. stupid. I can get infected in this little shop.
Answer Key
1. (d) 2. (e) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (e)
9. (c) 10. (a) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (e) 15. (b) 16. (c)
17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (d) 21. (e) 22. (c)
EXPLANATION
1. (d) bl fLFkfr esa] tc gekjk
cousin dkiQh upset gks vkSj vius I am sorry vxj eq>s irk gksrkmovie
fd bruh cdokl gS rks
job ls satisfied u gks] lcls mi;qDr ;gh gksxk fd ge mls eSa rqEgsa ys tkus dh ftn u djrkA lgh
(d) gS
mÙkj
le>k,¡ fd rqe blls vPNsjob dh ryk'k djrs jgks tc rd 7. (a) vkSjr ds [kjkc O;ogkj ij vR;f/d xqLlk gksdj ge mlls fn,
rqEgsa better
,d job u fey tk,] D;ksafd ,slk Hkh gks ldrk gS x, options esa ls ;gh cksysxsa fd rqeus nqfu;k esa ,slk
fd feyus okyk u;k job blls Hkh T;knk [kjkc gksA dgk¡ lh[kk\ ckdh lHkhoptions esa anger fn[kkus dk dksbZ Hk
blfy, option (d) lgh gSA ugha gSA vr% lgh(a) mÙkjgksxkA
2. (e) vxj gesa fdlhpost office ds ckjs esa vaguely gh irk gS rks8. (e) Boss }kjkarrange dh xbZparty dks vR;f/d boring
;gh dguk lcls mi;qDr gksxk fd ¶eq>s ,dne vPNs ls irk ugha tkudj muls ;g frankly dguk lokZf/d mi;qDr gksxk fd eS
gS ij ;gk¡ vkl&ikl rks ugh gS gks ldrkpostgS fdoffice bl tkurk gw¡ fd ;g organization vkids fy, dkiQhspecial
'kgj ds central part esa gks¸ blfy, lgh option (e) gSA gS ijarq ;g esjs fy, dkiQh T;knk
boring gS vr% mfpr mÙkj(e)
3. (a) vxj vkius Sunday dksmountains ds chp dksbZ Trip gksxkA
plan dj j[kh gS vkSj Saturday night dksweather 9. (c) Mobile phone [kks tkus ij mlesa save fd, x, Tele-
report vkSjrain prediction ns[kdj nq[kh gSa rks viuh phone numbers dh vko';drk esa nhokj ij yxk, x,
wife ls ;g dguk lcls mi;qDr gksxk fd ,slk yx jgk gS fd notice esa ;g fy[kuk mi;qDr gksxk fd ¶esjk eksckby iQ
gesa viusTrip dks fdlh vkSj fnu ds fy, LFkfxr djuk iM+ x;k gS vkSj eq>s mlesa tks
telephone number Fks] mudh
ldrk gS blfy, option (a) lgh gSA vR;f/d vko';drk gSA tks dksbZ Hkh bl room (325)
phone
4. (a) fdlh cgqr izfl¼pianist dh performance tc ge cgqr esa yk;sxk mls buke fn;k tk,xkA vr% lgh (c) gSA
mÙkj
T;knk Expectations ds lkFk ns[kdj vxj ge fujk'k gks tk,¡ 10. (a) va/h vkSjr dks
Road cross djus esa enn djus ds mís'; ls mlds
vkSj gels dksbZ iwNs dh D;k vkius
enjoy fd;k rks ge ;gh ikl igq¡pdj ge politely ;gh dgsaxs%
Excuse me, Madam!
dgsxas fd ;g esjs
Expectations tSlk ugha FkkA blfy, op- D;k eSa vkidh enn dj ldrk gw¡\ vr% lgh (a) mÙkjgSA
tion (a) lgh mÙkj gSA 11. (d) University Entrance Exam dh preparation djrs
5. (b) vxj [kjkc ekSle ds dkj.k dke ugha gks ik jgk gS vkSj ge gq,foreign languages i<+us dk fu'p; dj ysuk ;g tkurs
fpafrr gSa fd dke le; ij finished ugha gks ik,xk] vkSj gesa gq, Hkh fdforeign language ,d lgh career iznku ugh
tc dke fu/kZfjr le; ij gh djuk gS rks ge viusfriends djrs gS] gesa
parents dksforcefully crkrs gq, ;g dguk
ls ;gh dgsaxs fd [kjkc ekSle ds dkj.k gekjk dke cgqr ihNs mfpr gS fd eSus fu'p; dj fy;k gS fd eSa ogh i<w¡xk tks eS
gS blhfy, gesa vkSj T;knk esgur djuk gSA vr% (b)lgh mÙkj pkgrk gw¡ ;gh final
esjk decision gSA vr% lgh mÙkj (d) gSA
gSA vr% lgh mÙkj (d) gSA
6. (d) vxj ge vius ml nksLr dks Cinema ds fy, ys tk,¡ ftldkss 12. (b) nksLr ds
spoiled vkSjnoisy pet dh ns[kjs[k u djus dh bPNk
project iwjk djuk gS vkSj mlds ikl ugha gSA
Time Movie dh dks fNikrs gq, gesa cgkuk cukdj gh cpuk gS vkSj ¶esjs i
dgkuhmeaningless ;k fiQjacting [kjkc gksus ij vxj gesa husky gS tks fd rqEgkjs
dog dks uqdlku igq¡pk ldrk gS¸ ;gh
iNrkok gks rks fn,options
x, esals ;gh dguk rdZiw.kZ gksxk fd lokZf/d mfpr cgkuk gS vr% lgh (b)
mÙkj
gSA
06
07
CHAPTER 7.2
3.2
READING BOOSTERS
How to Read Newpaper Effectively
Newspaper i<+uk D;ksa t:jh gS\ Newspaper dks vPNs <+ax ls dSls i<+sa\
Newspaper i<+us ds cgqr lkjs iQk;ns gSa muesa ls tks• gekjs fy,
Newspaper dks vPNs ls le>us ds fy, gesa
basic grammar
egRoiw.kZ gSa oks fuEufyf[kr gaS& usage vkSjvocabulary usage dk vPNk Kku gksuk pkf
• Newspaper dks i<+us ls gesa lelkef;d ?kVukvksa
(current D;ksafdnewspaper esa iz;ksx dh tkus okyh
language vklku
affairs) ds ckjs esa tkudkjh feyrh gSA ugha gksrh gSA
• Newspaper i<+us ls gekjh English language ij idM+ • Beginners dksnewspaper i<+us ls igys dqN le; rd
etcwr gksrh gSA story books, essays i<+dj ns[kuk pkfg,] vxjnewspaper
oks
• gesa
grammatical usage ds applications, vkSj u,words dks i<+us dh dksf'k'k djsaA
Hkh lh[kus dks feyrs gSaA lkFk ghreading
lkFk gekjh
skill vkSj • Beginners lcls igys newspaper ds ml Topic dks i<+s tks
vPNh gks tkrh gSA mudksinteresting yxsA
• Newspaper i<+us ls gekjh reading speed c<+rh gSA vxj • Passage dksparagraphs esa] paragraphs dkssentences
gekjhreading speed vPNh gks rks u fliZQ
English ds section
esa]sentences dksclauses esa]clauses dksphrases esa]
esa cfYd exam ds nwljssections esa Hkh le; cpk ik,axsA
rFkkpharases dkswords esa rksM+dj gh le>us dh dksf'k'k
Newspaper esa D;k i<+sa\ gesa lkFk gh lkFk
'parsing' djuk vkuk pkfg,A
• News Articles: News articles dks i<+us ls gekjh reading • Newspaper i<+rs le; gekjs iklPen vkSjPaper t:j gksuk
skills, vocabluary vkSj grammar improve gksrh gS] rFkk pkfg, ftlls ge difficult words/phrases dksnote down
ge latest news vkSjcurrent affairs ls Hkh updated jgrs dj ldsaA
gSa tks vktdy lHkh exams ds fy, cgqr t:jh gSANews
• Newspaper esa fdlh Hkh Topic dks i<+us ls igys Topic
ml ls
Articles i<+uk beginners ds fy, cgqr iQk;nsean gksrk gSA
related important vocabulary dks ,d ckj i<+ ysaA bU
• Editorial/Opinion pieces: Editorials gekjhcritical
'Technical Vocabulary' dgrs gSaA tSls vxjeconomy
ge
thinking skills dksimprove djus dk ,d 'kkunkj rjhdk gS
ls related dksbZpassage i<+us tk jgs gSa rks ge igys
economy
D;ksafd
editorials vDlj arguments vkSjcounterarguments
izLrqr djrs gSaA
Opinion pieces ls ge ;g lh[k ldrs gSa fd gesa
esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys
terms tSlsGDP, inflation, monetary
policy, fiscal policy, deflation, repo rate, bank rate,
gekjsopinion vkSjagruments dksEnglish esa dSls O;Dr
reverse repo rate, etc. vPNs ls le> ysa] mlds ckn gh ge
djuk gSA Editorials i<+ukbeginners ds fy, mruk iQk;nsean
passage dks vPNs ls le> ik,¡xsA
ugha jgrk D;ksafd blesa mudks le; T;knk yxrk gS vkSj le> de
Editorials advanced learners ds fy, vkSjUPSC • è;ku nsa]passage esa iz;ksx fd, tkus okys
vkrk gSA words dh
aspirants ds fy, t:jh gksrk gSA Dictionary meaning gh ges'kk iz;ksx esa ugha ykbZ xb
• Business and Finance Section: bl section dks i<+us gesa mudh contextuel meaning Hkh le>uh pkfg,A tSls&
ls vkidksbusiness vkSjfinance ls lacaf/r technical (1) She is always boasting about how wonderful
vocabulary dk Kku gksrk gSA ;g Hkh
section beginners dks her children are.
avoid djuk pkfg,A (2) The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and
a golf course.
• Sports Section: Sports section dks i<+us ls gekjh
descriptive language dh le> c<+rh gS vkSj sports ls 'Boast' dk igys sentence esa vFkZ ^'ks[kh c?kkjuk*
2nd tcf
lacafèkr
idioms and expressions dk Hkh Kku gksrk gSA bl sentence esa vFkZ ^lEiUu gksuk ;k j[kuk* gSA
section dksbeginners vius interest ds fglkc ls i<+ ldrs • fdlh Hkharticle dks i<+us ds ckn mldks
summarise djus dk
gSaaA iz;Ru djsaA
07
06
CHAPTER 7.3
3.2
READING BOOSTERS
Short Stories to Improve Reading
Story - 01:- A wise owl 2. Finally, both the rose and the cactus became
There was an old owl who lived in an oak tree. friends. [ ]
Every day, he observed incidents that occurred around 3. In the end, the cactus wanted to mock the rose.
him. Yesterday, he watched as a young boy helped an [ ]
old man carry a heavy basket. Today, he saw a young
4. The beautiful rose would insult and mock the
girl shouting at her mother. The more he saw, the
cactus on his looks. [ ]
less he spoke.
As the days went on, he spoke less but heard more. 5. In the last, the cactus showed his kindness. [ ]
The old owl heard people talking and telling stories. Answer Key
He heard a woman saying an elephant jumped over a
fence. He heard a man saying that he had never made 1. (T) 2. (T) 3. (F) 4. (T) 5. (T)
a mistake. The old owl had seen and heard what Story-03:- Akbar-Birbal 01
happened to people. There were some who became
better, some who became worse. But the old owl in the One day, a farmer was looking for a water source
tree had become wiser, each and every day. for his farm, when he bought a well from his neighbor.
For the following statements, write True (T), False The neighbor, however, was cunning. The next day,
(F) or Cannot say (CNS). as the farmer came to draw water from his well, the
1. The old owl lived in an oak tree. [ ] neighbor refused to let him take any water. When the
2. Today, the old owl saw a boy shouting at his farmer asked why, the neighbor replied, “I sold you
mother. [ ] the well, not the water,” and walked away. Distraught,
3. He heard a man saying that he had never made a the farmer went to the emperor to ask for justice. He
mistake. [ ] explained what had happened. The emperor called on
4. He heard a man saying an elephant jumped over Birbal, one of his nine, and wisest, courtiers. Birbal
a fence. [ ] proceeded to question the neighbor, “Why don’t you let
5. The old owl underestimated the woman. [ ] the farmer take water from the well? You did sell the
Answer Key well to the farmer?” The neighbor replied, “Birbal, I
did sell the well to the farmer but not the water within
1. (T) 2. (F) 3. (T) 4. (F) 5. (CNS)
it. He has no right to draw water from the well.” Birbal
Story-02:- A rose and a cactus said, “Look, since you sold the well, you have no right
Once upon a time, in a desert far away, there was to keep the water in the farmer’s well. Either you pay
a rose who was so proud of her beautiful looks. Her rent to the farmer, or take it out immediately.”
only complaint was growing next to an ugly cactus. Realizing that his scheme had failed, the neighbor
Every day, the beautiful rose would insult and mock apologized and went home.
the cactus on his looks, all while the cactus remained
For the following statements, write True (T), False
quiet. All the other plants nearby tried to make the
rose see sense, but she was too swayed by her own (F) or Cannot say (CNS).
looks. One scorching summer, the desert became dry, 1. The farmer who bought the well was too cunning.
and there was no water left for the plants. The rose
quickly began to wilt. Her beautiful petals dried up, [ ]
losing their lush color. Looking to the cactus, she saw 2. The farmer went to Birbal to ask for justice. [ ]
a sparrow dip his beak into the cactus to drink some
water. Though ashamed, the rose asked the cactus if 3. Finally the neighbor apologized realizing the
she could have some water. The kind cactus readily failure of his plans. [ ]
agreed, helping them both through the tough summer, 4. Generally, a person has right to hold water in
as friends.
others’ well. [ ]
For the following statements, write True (T), False
(F) or Cannot say (CNS). 5. Birbal was one of the nine courtiers of the
1. The rose was so proud of her beautiful looks. [ ] emperor. [ ]

Practice Questions
06
08 EXERCISES
CHAPTER 8.1
3.2 Previous Year Questions
CGL MAINS 2022

Direction: Read the following passage and answer 1. How do we know the number of students getting
the questions given after it. visas for studies in UK?
SET-1 (a) from the Ministry of Education
(b) from the records of the Bureau of Immigration
The number of Indian students going abroad for
higher studies has increased by 68.79 per cent in the (c) from the Immigration Statistics Report
past year, according to data provided by the Minister (d) from the records of Ministry of Home Affairs
of State in the Ministry of Education, Subhas Sarkar. 2. In 2019, how many Indian students went abroad?
As per the data provided by him in the Lok Sabha, the (a) 4.54 lakh (b) 5.86 lakh
number of Indians enrolled in foreign varsities (c) 5.17 lakh (d) 4.44 lakh
increased from 4.44 lakh in 2021 to 7.5 lakh in 2022.
3. Which of the following countries is not very
He clarified that while the Bureau of Immigration and
popular with Indian students for studies?
Ministry of Home Affairs maintain departure and arrival
data of Indians, there is no index for capturing the (a) Australia (b) China
category of Indians going abroad for higher education. (c) USA (d) UK
"Purpose of Indian going abroad for higher education 4. The passage is mainly about
is captured manually based either on their verbal (a) Indians enrolled in foreign universities
disclosure or the type of visa of the destination country (b) Indians going to America for higher studies
produced by them at th e time of immi gration (c) immigration of India, UK, US, and Australia
clearance," Sarkar said.
(d) Indians going abroad for higher studies
According to the data provided by the ministry, the
Answer Key
number of Indian nationals increased from 4.54 lakh
in 2017 to 5.17 lakh in 2018. There was a significant 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d)
increase in 2019 as well, with 5.86 lakh students flying
out of the country. However, during the Covid
EXPLANATION
pandemic, the number of Indian nationals in foreign 1. (c) ;g Fact Based Direct Question gS] budk mÙkj
varsities saw a drastic dip as only 2.59 lakh students Passage esaclearly fy[kk gksrk gSA
were registered. While the number continued to remain
For the UK, the Immigration Statistic Report
low, it saw a slight increase in 2021 with 4.44 lakh
registrations. However, the number has significantly states that 127731 visas were grohted to
jumped to 7.5 lakh in 2022. The increase in the Indian students in September 2022.
number of Indian nationals abroad corresponds with vr% ge dg ldrs gS fd option (c)
the latest immigration reports from some of the popular "From the Immigration Statistics Report" gh
study-abroad destinations such as the US, UK, and
Australia. For the UK, the Immigration Statistics
lgh mÙkj gSA
Report states that 127,731 visas were granted to Indian 2. (b) ;g iz'u Hkhfact Based gSAPassage esaclearly
students in September 2022, an increase of 93,470 mentioned gS fd 2019 esa
5.86 yk[kstudent ckgj
(+273 per cent) against 34,261 in 2019. Similarly, in x;s FksA
the US, the number of Indian students has more than
doubled, and the Open Doors Report 2022 has Reference Line = There was a significant
predicted that the number of Indian students heading increase in 2019 as well, with 5.86 lakh
to America is likely to surpass those from China in students flying out of the country.
2022-23. vr% lgh mÙkj
option (b) 5.86 yk[k gksxkA

Practice Questions
2. (d) Passage ds 1st vkSj2nd Paragraph esaMention 4. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the given
fd;k x;k gS fd Archaeologists us Rock Art vkSj word.
open-air ceremonial sites rFkkCave painting Revolting
(a) Attractive (b) Rebel
izkIr fd;k FkkA
(c) Unpleasant (d) Peace
vr% lgh mÙkj option (d) gSA
Answer Key
3. (d) Passage ds 4th Paragraph esa fy[kk gS fd ftrus
Hkhpaintings izkIr fd, x, Fks muesa ls T;knkrj
Ochre
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a)
Colour ds FksA vr% lgh mÙkjoption (d) gSA EXPLANATION
4. (c) Passage ds Last paragraph esa Mention fd;k x;k 1. (a) Passage i<+dj ge ;g Infer dj ldrs gS fd writer
gS fd Bhattacharya ;g Claim djrs gSa fd ;g viuh Grandmother dks ^,d old woman'
Discovery dkiQh T;knk egRoiw.kZ gSA
Lower consider dj jgk gS tSlk fd lHkhGrandmothers
Palaeolithic Age ls middle paleolithic vkSj fiQj gksrh gSA
Upper Palaeolithic period rd ge ;gk¡ Evolution
vr% lgh mÙkj option (A) gSA
ns[k ikrs gSA
2. (b) Passage esaMention fd;k x;k gS fdwriter viuh
vr% lgh mÙkj option (c) gSA
Grandmother dks20 lkyksa rd lkFk jgdj tkurk
SET-6 jgkA vFkkZr tc mldhGrandmother dk Death gqvk
My grandmother, like everybody's grandmother, rks ml le; writer 20 lky dk FkkA
was an old woman. She had been old and wrinkled for vr% lgh mÙkj option (b) gSA
the twenty years that I had known her. People said that
she once had been young and pretty and had even had 3. (d) fn, x, Passage esawriter viuh Grandmother
a h usband, but that was hard to beli eve. My dh ckrsa dj jgk gS vr% Passage
bl dk suitable
grandfather's portrait hung above the mantelpiece in title 'My Grandmother' gSA
the drawing room. He wore a big turban and loose vr% lgh mÙkj option 'd' gSA
fitting clothes. His long, white beard covered the best
4. (a) Revolting (Adj.) = Extremely Unpleasant
part of his chest and he looked at least a hundred years
old. He did not look the sort of person who would have (vR;fèkd [kjkc)
a wife or children. He looked as if he could only have Attractive (Adj.) = very pleasant (I;kjk] vkd"kZd)
lots and lots of grandchildren. As my grandmother Rebel (Noun) = A person who fights against
being young and pretty, the thought was almost
the government of his country
revolting. She often told us of the games she used to
play as a child. That seemed quite absurd and Peace (Noun) = 'kkafr
undignified on her part and we treated it like the fables vr% Revolting dk Antonym 'Attractive' gSA
of the Prophets she used to tell us. lgh mÙkj
option 'a' gSA
1. Select the most appropriate inference drawn from
the passage. SET-7
(a) The author looked upon his grandmother as The sage of science, Einstein, was sitting in a
an old woman like every grandmother. depressive and pensive mood one evening. His eyes
(b) People said that the grandmother was pretty. were brimming with tears. The pain was evident on his
(c) Grandmother loved to talk of her childhood. face. He peeped out of the window of his room. The
(d) Grandmother had a husband. sun had set a few minutes back. The sky was filled
2. Select the most appropriate fact from the given with a reddish glow. At this sunset, he felt that it was
options. humanity that had sunk into devilish darkness and the
reddish glow in the sky was the blood of humanity
(a) The author and grandma lived for twenty
spilling all over the sky from earth. With tired steps,
years.
he walked back to his chair and settled down. It was
(b) The author was twenty when grandma died.
the 9th of August 1945. Three days back, he had felt
(c) Grandma was twenty years old. the same agony as if someone had torn him apart. He
(d) The author was twenty years old when he was deeply hurt and depressed when he heard on the
wrote the story. radio that America had dropped an atom bomb on the
3. Select an appropriate title for the given passage. Japanese city, Hiroshima. Today, within three days
(a) Grandmothers (b) My Grandfather another bomb was dropped on another city, Nagasaki
(c) The Grandchildren(d) My Grandmother and lakhs of people had been killed.

Practice Questions
CPO PRE 2022

5. Where was Migaloo first discovered?
SET-25
(a) South Wales (b) Jamaica
Migaloo is by far one of the world's most
(c) Australia (d) New Zealand
recognisable whales, because he is completely white.
Thanks to genetic sampling of Migaloo's skin, Answer Key
scientists have identified that he's male, and his
albino appearance is a result of a variation in the gene 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a ) 5. (c)
responsible for the colour of his skin. Simply by looking
EXPLANATION
different, Migal oo has become an i con wi thin
Australia's east coast humpback whale population. 1. (d) fn, x, passage esaspeaker dh tone 'descriptive'
Indeed, Migaloo has his own Twitter account with over gS] D;ksafdsightings
og vkSjfalse alarms ds lkFk&lkFk
10,000 followers, and website where fans can lodge Migaloo vkSj mldsstatus ds ckjs esa tkudkjh iznku djrh
sightings and learn more about humpback whales. He
gSAPassage esacynicism, pessimism vkSj
was first discovered in 1991 off Byron Bay, Australia,
and has since played hide and seek for many years, melancholy dk dksbZ indication (ladsr) ugha gSA
with many not knowing where or when he'll show up 2. (b) Flip = to turn over with a sudden quick
next. movement
He's even surprised Kiwi fans by showing up in Humpback = a whale that has a hump
New Zealand waters. With the last official sighting two
years ago, the time has once again come for us to ask: Lodge = to stay in a place temporarily
where is Migaloo? Albino = an abnormally white person or plant
Already this year there have been false sightings, 3. (d) Regular fn[kus okyh
humpback whales, whale
such as a near all white whale spotted off New South watchers dksupside down flip gksdjtrick dj ldrh
Wales. To make things more confusing, regular-
gS] ftlls mudk liQsn isV
(white bellies) fn[kus yxrh gS
looking humpbacks can trick whale watchers when
they flip upside down, due to their white bellies. tks nwj lsMigaloo ds leku iw.kZ&:i ls liQsn fn[kkbZ
CPO PRE -09/11/2022 Shift-II ldrk gSA

1. What is the tone of the speaker? 4. (a) Passage dh theme, Migaloo dh iconic status
(a) Cynical (b) Pessimistic vkSjelusive sightings gS] tks fd ,d vf}rh; vkSj nqyZHk
(c) Melancholic (d) Descriptive albino humpback whale gSA
2. Select the suitable word given in the passage 5. (c) Passage ds vuqlkj]Migaloo ,d white humpback
which means 'turn over with a sudden quick whale gS] vkSj bls igyh ckj1919 esaAustralia ds
movement'.
Byron Bay rV ij [kkstk x;kA
(a) Humpback (b) Flip
(c) Lodge (d) Albino SET-26
3. How can regular-looking humpbacks trick whale Humans are social animals by nature. To
watchers? prosper in life, we require the company of others,
(a) By posting tweets on Twitter and the strength of our bonds has a significant
influence on our mental health and happiness. Being
(b) By appearing secretly and unexpectedly
socially linked to people may help you cope with
(c) By displaying their huge size stress, worry and depression, increase your self-
(d) By showing their white coloured bellies esteem, bring comfort and joy, prevent loneliness,
4. What is the theme of the passage? and even add years to your life. On the other hand, a
lack of strong social relationships might put your
(a) The sighting of Migaloo
mental and emotional health at in danger. Many of
(b) Whale hunting and its aftermath us use social media sites like Facebook, Twitter,
(c) The extinction of Migaloo Snapchat, YouTube and Instagram to locate and
(d) Protection of whales communicate with one another in today's society.

Practice Questions
SSC STENO 2022

SET-13 2. (a) fn;s x, passage dh tone, rational (rkfdZd] rdZlxar]
foosdh)consider dh tk ldrh gS] D;ksafd ;gdigital
In digital environments, social media means
interaction between individuals in which they generate, environment esasocial media ds role ds ckjs esa
communicate and transfer thoughts and knowledge. logical vkSjreasonable argument izLrqr djrk gSA
Being social has become a fundamental need, 3. (b) Privilege (fo'ks"kkf/dkj] lqfo/k) rFkk
disadvantage
demonstrating the effectiveness of humans. People who (uqdlku] izfrowQy ifjfLFkfr) ;gk¡ ,d&nwljs
antonymds gSaA
were unheard are now able to access information and
have a voice because of the magnificent advancements Prerogative = lqfo/k] fj;k;r] fo'ks"kkf/dkj
in communication systems. The present generation has Loss = uqdlku
the privilege of witnessing some of the most incredible
Disabled = fodykax] vaix
technological advancements in the history of mankind.
1. Identify a suitable title for the passage. 4. (b) fn;s x;spassage esa
'social' 'kCnhumans dh ,d&nwljs
(a) Media and Voices
ds lkFk ckrphr djus] fopkjksa vkSj Kku dks lk>k dju
leqnk;ksa ds fuekZ.k djus dh {kerk dks n'kkZrk g
(b) Utility of Social Media
ettectiveness of humans (euq";ksa dh izHkko'khyr
(c) Use of Social Media
in various aspects dksshow djrk gSA
(d) Media and Communication
5. (d) Passage dh central theme 'Media and voice of
2. Identify the tone of the passage.
the voiceless' gSA fn;k x;k
passage bl ckjs esa crkrk
(a) Rational (b) Assertive
gS fd dSlsSocial Media us mu yksxksa dks vkokt nh
(c) Satirical (d) Scientific
ftUgsa igys lquk ugha x;k vkSj dSls
Social Media O;fDr;ksa
3. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the
ds fy;s lapkj vkSj Kkutransfer
dks djus dh ,d ewy
given word.
vko';drk cu x;k gSAPassage, Social Media ds
Privilege
advantages dkshighlight djrk gS vksj crkrk gS fd
(a) Prerogative (b) Disadvantage dSls blus yksxksa dks tkudkjh rd igq¡pus vkSj [
(c) Loss (d) Disabled vfHkO;Dr djus esa l{ke cuk;kA
4. What does the word ‘social’ illustrate in the
passage? SET-14
(a) The subjectivity of humans In the three days since schools reopened for
(b) The effectiveness of humans junior students after two years, teachers are missing
the familiar buzz in classrooms and have found a
(c) The growth of humans
section of students to be unusually quiet. Some
(d) The lack of humans students are ‘withdrawn’, their social skills having
5. Identify the central theme of the passage. been impacted by the long closure of schools. Teachers
(a) Media and technology and counsellors are hopeful this would pass soon and
till then they would have to be patient with the
(b) Media and narration children and keep a close eye on their behaviour.
(c) Facts and advantages of media “Children might have developed behavioural
(d) Media and voice of the voiceless problems such as screen addiction and restlessness.
Answer Key They might have become impulsive and are not
attentive to lessons. Teachers have to be proactive
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d) about the mental health of the child,” said the
psychiatrist.
EXPLANATION
1. What does ‘keep a close eye’ mean, according
1. (b) fn;k x;kpassage individuals ds chp]interaction to the context?
vkSjcommunication dks lqfo/ktud cukussocialesa (a) Ignorance
madia ds egRo ij ppkZ djrk gSA vr% passage dk (b) Constant observation
titel gksxk Utility
& of social madia (lks'ky ehfM;k (c) A careless attitude
dh mi;ksfxrk) (d) Blindness

Practice Questions
CGL MAINS 2021

it sparkle. The scorch marks can be seen close up – at
SET-32 one point in time these rock faces were glowing red with fiery
A new and extreme tourist attraction has just heat.
exploded on to the scene in Iceland: Volcano Walking. It This giant, although sleeping, is still dangerous:
would appear, according to Trip Advisor, that this is an 80-metre drop into the void is disguised by a
one trip that cannot be missed, despite the extortionate collection of rocks close to where visitors stand.
cost. It is a soul-enriching experience and visitors often
The idea of making Thrihnukagigur volcano report feeling deeply moved by the beauty and
accessible was the brainchild of Ami B. tranquility of something that was once so destructive
Stefansson, a doctor in Reykjavik and a lifelong and angry.
cave enthusiast. He has been studying caves in Iceland Confronted with this result of the unrestrained
since 1954 and some would argue that there is no-one forces of nature, it is hard not to feel small and
who has more experience.
powerless in comparison.
Thrihnukagigur has always been special to Sadly, the magical spell is broken when the basket
Stefansson ever since he was the first to descend down appears, indicating that it is time for visitors to return
to the crater base in 1974. Like most people who
to reality.
experience it, he was utterly spellbound by its
On the return hike, visitors walk across the lava
uniqueness and beauty and made it his mission to
fields as though they are astronauts on the moon. They
protect an d pre se rve th is stun ni ng n atural
phenomenon. Unlike others who may have only seen pass enormous open wounds where the landscape is
the profit that could be made from walking into the literally tearing itself apart as tectonic plates slowly
mouth of a volcano, Stefansson believed that the shift. It serves as one final reminder that this giant is
primary focus was to treat such a grand natural wonder merely dormant, not dead.
with the utmost respect, to protect and defend it. 1. How do tourists reach the base of the crater?
The first ‘volcano tourists' entered the volcano in (a) They walk down
2005 and it has since been labelled as one of the most (b) They go through the tectonic plates
unique tourist attractions in the world. (c) They descend in a basket
Volcano walkers are taken to the mouth of the (d) They go across lava fields
crater from where they are lowered in a basket into the 2. Select the correct antonym of the word.
depths of the earth. People once thought that volcanoes TRANQUILITY
were portals to Hell and associated with death and (a) Composure (b) Agitation
destruction and yet the entrance to the crater is awe- (c) Repose (d) Wilderness
inspiring and almost ethereal. The vastness of it can 3. The tone of the passage is:
feel overwhelming; it is the size of a cathedral and the
(a) Apathetic (b) Formal
Statue of Liberty could easily fit into the shaft.
(c) Laudatory (d) Satirical
After 6 minutes and 120 metres, visitors arrive at the
4. Who came up with the idea of making the volcano
crater base. The ground space is the size of three full-
sized basketball courts placed next to each accessible to tourists?
At the bottom there is a reverent hush. People (a) Reykjavik
whisper in respect to the sleeping giant who has lain (b) Trip Advisor
dormant for 4,000 years. The subterranean walls are (c) Thrihnukagigur
scorched with colours from a divine palette: magenta (d) Ami B. Stefansson
red, vibrant purple, burnt orange, vivid green and honey 5. The given passage is a ______ passage.
yellow. (a) Didactic (b) Descriptive
The colour intensifies in certain places where 4000 (c) Literary (d) Narrative
years ago the magma was pushed out with brutal force. 6. What is the most appropriate title for the passage?
This is Mother Nature's secret place, her private art (a) Harnessing of Destructive Forces
studio where visitors feel like trespassers. The (b) Volcano Walking- A Unique Experience
protruding rock faces show a tapestry of patterns and (c) The Mysteries of the Subterranean
formations that have been molded by heat, pressure (d) Adventures of a Cave Enthusiast
and time. Floodlights illuminate the walls and draw 7. What feelings do visitors have when they visit the
attention to the beauty humans were never intended volcano?
to see. A light rain weeps from the porous rock above (a) Indifference (b) Anger
and covers the crater sides with a shine that makes (c) Fear (d) Reverence

Practice Questions
8. Select the correct synonym of the word 6. (b) D;ksafd
passage, volcano dh beauty mlds tour
EXTORTIONATE vkSj ,d unique experience ds ckjs esa gSA
(a) Exorcist (b) Exonerate
(c) Exotic (d) Exorbitant vr% mi;qDr mÙkj Option (b) descriptive gSA
9. The volcano is referred to as the ‘sleeping giant' 7. (d) According to passage, volcano dks ns[k djvisitors
in the passage because
ds eu esa tks Hkko Fkk og
Reverence (vknj@izse) dk FkkA
(a) It is very destructive
(b) It is an active volcano blfy, mi;qDr mÙkj Option (d) gSA
(c) It is very deep Indifference - Stoic - mnklhu
(d) It is a dormant volcano
Anger -xqLLkk
10. Why is the bottom of the volcano called ‘nature's
art studio'? Fear - Mj
(a) The walls are covered with patterns in bright
Reverence - vknj@izse
hues
(b) The rocks sparkle with a divine light vr% lgh Answer option (d) gSA
(c) It looks like a cathedral 8. (d) EXTORTIONATE (vR;ar@cgqr T;knk) dk
synonym
(d) The entrance is vast and ethereal
gS& Exorbitant (cgqr T;knk@vR;ar)
Answer Key Options ds According mi;qDrAnswer (d) gSA
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b) Exorcist (vks>k@>kM+ iQwad okyk)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (a) Exonerate (nks"k eqDr djuk)
EXPLANATION Exotic (vkd"kZd)
1. (c) Passage ds according, Volcano Walkers dks 9. (d) Passage esa mentioned gS fdvolcano active (tkxzr)
crater (xM~<s) ds eq¡g rd ys tkrs gSa tgk¡ ls og ,d ugha gSA ogk 4000 o"kZ ls (lq"kqIr@fuf"Ø;
dormant
basket esa cSBdj uhps rd tkrs gSA voLFkk esa) gSA blfy, mls
sleeping giant dgk x;k gSA
2. (b) Tranquility means the state of being quiet & vr% lgh Answer option (d) gSSA
peaceful
10. (a) Passage ds According, subterranean walls
('kkafr dh voLFkk ftldk foijhr gksxk mÙkstuk@vkos'k)
blfy, lgh Option gS & Agitation (Hkwfexr nhokjsa)
magenta red, vibrant purple,
Composure (vkRela;e) burnt orange, vkfn vusd jaxks ls jaxh gqbZ gSaA ft
Repose (vkjke djuk) otg ls volcano dsbottom dkss Nature's art studio
Wilderness (futZu izns'k@futZu ouizkarj) dgk x;k gSA
3. (c) Passage dh tone ls ;g clear gS fdwriter volcano blfy, lgh Answer option (a) gSA
walking ds experience dh rkjhiQ dj jgk gSA
Hence,
SET-33
bl passage dh tone Laudatory gksxkA
At the end of 2020, there were 82.4 million forcibly
vr%option (c) lVhd mÙkj gSA
displaced people in the world, of which more than a
Laudatory (iz'kalkRed@ljkgukiw.kZ) quarter are refugees.
Apathetic (mnklhu) “By the end of 2020, the number of people forcibly
Formal (Øelaxr@f'k"Vkpkj laca/h) displaced due to persecution, conflict, violence, human
Satirical (O;aX;kRed) rights violations, and events seriously disturbing public
4. (d) Paragraph ds 'kq# esa gh ;g fn;k x;k gSA fd
tourists order, had grown to 82.4 million, the highest number on
ds fy, volcano dksaccessible cukus okys O;fDr dkrecord according to available data,” according to the UN
uke Ami B. Stefansson gS blfy, lgh Answer High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Out
of these 82.4 million forcibly displaced people in the
Option (d) gksxkA
world, more than a quarter are refugees.
5. (b) Descriptive (o.kZukRed)
Just five countries produce 68% of all refugees
(Passage esavolcano dh beauty dk o.kZu gSA) displaced abroad: the Syrian Arab Republic, Venezuela,
vr% mi;qDr mÙkjOption (b) gSA Afghanistan, South Sudan, and Myanmar.
Didactic (mins'kkRed) The top five host countries, where these displaced
Literacy (lkfgfR;d) people are currently located are: Turkey, Colombia,
Narrative (fooj.kkRed) Germany, Pakistan, and Uganda.

Practice Questions
CGL MAINS 2020

coffee attitude’?
SET-36
(a) Keeping up with the latest trends
A piano teacher described an interesting encounter (b) Short-lived pleasure
she had had with a young lady who came to inquire (c) Passion to learn something
about music lessons. The young lady asked her, “How
(d) Expecting quick results
long will this course take? My father tells me that it is
in fashion now to be able to play musical instruments 3. What kind of attitude does the writer advocate
and that I should learn one quickly. I want something for a life of fulfilment?
that will be quick, fast and easy like, like….” When the (a) One of perseverance and patience
amused teacher explained that it would take a lifetime (b) One of instant gratification
of meticulous practice to learn music, her face fell and, (c) One of stubbornness and refusal
needless to say, she never came back. (d) One of anger and dejection
The single most important factor that distinguishes 4. What does ‘bread making’ attitude consist of?
those of us who succeed in any venture and those of (a) Futile labour
us who don’t is this ‘instant coffee’ attitude. Most of (b) Talent and skill
us want results quickly. We want to reach the top (c) Painstaking efforts
immediately and get worked up when things go wrong.
(d) Instantaneous results
Perseverance and patience are forgotten words. We get
upset, frustrated, and angry when a skill or activity 5. When an activity requires too much effort we feel:
requires us to put in a lot of effort and time. We get (a) frustrated (b) happy
dejected and want to give it up. (c) inspired (d) fulfilled
But such thinking serves no good. For, it doesn’t Answer Key
solve the problem. Life is tough for those with an
‘instant coffee’ attitude. 1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a)
Success, real success and happiness come to EXPLANATION7
those who have a ‘bread-making’ attitude- those who
are willing to knead the dough, wait for hours for it to 1. (d) Passage ds according laxhr lh[kuk ,dFashion ekuk
rise, only to punch it down and knead some more, wait tkrk gS blfy, og efgyk ok| ;a=k lh[kuk pkgrh FkhA blfy
for another couple of hours for it to rise again, and 'd' lgh mÙkj gksxkA
then bake it before it is ready to be eaten. Nothing is
instantaneous. For every endeavour – whether in the 2. (d) ;gk¡instant coffee attitude dk eryc fdlh Action
area of career, academics, music, sports, relationships, dk Result tYnh ikus dh bPNk gSA 'd' blfy,
lgh mÙkj gksxkA
physical fitness or even in spirituality – it is a long,
arduous journey.
3. (a) ys[kd ds vuqlkj ,d [kq'kgky vkSj iw.kZ thou ds fy, O;fDr
Only if we are willing to put in the time, èkS;Z ,oa n`<+rk dh vko';drk gksrh gSA
'a' lghblfy,
mÙkj gksx
kA
painstaking effort and have faith, can we get results. 4. (c) ;gk¡Passage esa'Bread making' attitute ls ys[kd dk
If we don’t accept this difficult-but-true fact of life, our rkRi;Z dfBu ifjJe ,oa n`<+ fu'p; ls gSA blfy,
'c' lgh mÙkj
lives will be far from being happy and fulfilling. For
we may not make that extra effort which can change
gksxkA
the course of life dramatically, for the good. 5. (a) Passage ds according tc fdlh dk;Z dks djus esa cgqr
The major problems with these ‘instant coffee’ solutions tksj vFkok le; yxrk gS rks ge èkS;Z [kksus yxrs'a'gSA blf
are that they are invariably short-lived. If we lgh mÙkj gksxkA
stubbornly refuse to give up this search for quick
solutions, all we do is end up on the wrong track. SET-37
1. Why did the young lady approach the piano In the stress-ridden world, traditional pastimes
teacher for music lessons? that could prove therapeutic are dying for want of
(a) She was a music lover and was keen to take patronage. One such is the art of puppetry. The word
lessons. “puppet” is derived from the Latin word pupa, meaning
(b) The piano teacher was highly accomplished. “doll” or “girl”. Puppets came into being in India in the
(c) She was willing to practise hard to become a third century A.D. Here it was honed into a theatrical
successful piano player. art. It helped to propagate the works of saints and
(d) It was considered fashionable to be able to religious leaders, and also depict stories from epics.
play musical instruments. Later, it spread to South East Asia. The Cambodian
2. What do you understand by the term ‘instant puppeteers inspired the Thais.
Comprehesion Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 341

Practice Questions
CPO MAINS 2020

(b) Rajamony, the Indian ambassador to the
SET- 44 Netherlands
A book by the Indian ambassador in the (c) the treatise 'Hortus Malabaricus' published
Netherlands highlights the historical and current in the Netherlands
exchanges that define the relationship between the two (d) the historical relationship between India and
countries. The first book in which Malayalam appears the Netherlands
in print is the 'Hortus Malabaricus' (Garden of Malabar), 3. Which of the following about Rembrant greatly
a 12-volume treatise, written in Latin and published surprised Rajamony and also made him happy?
in Amsterdam from 1678 to 1693. Compiled over a period
(a) That Rembrandt was a great Dutch artist
of 30 years, under directions from Hendrik van Rheede,
a naturalist and colonial administrator, who was at the (b) That Rembrandt collected Indian miniature
time the governor of Dutch Malabar, the Hortus paintings
Malabaricus gives a comprehensive account of the flora (c) That Rembrandt, considered as the master,
of the Malabar region, along with their properties and copied the Indian miniature paintings
detailed sketches. Malayalam appears in this (d) That Rembrandt had inspired the Indian
multilingual book, along with other languages that were miniature paintings
common currency at the time, including Arabic and 4. What inspired Rajamony to write his new book 'India
Konkani. and the Netherlands: Past, Present and Future'?
The Hortus Malabaricus was an important (a) The rule of the Dutch East India Company
document of its time, as Venu Rajamony writes in his over Malabar in the 17th century.
new book 'India and the Netherlands: Past, Present and (b) His being the ambassador of India to the
Future', "the product of a multinational and multicultural Netherlands.
team of botanical experts." Yet, it remained lost to the (c) Instances of the Indo-Dutch artistic and
public until a botany scholar from Calicut, KS Manilal, cultural exchange through the last 400 years.
learned Latin and translated it first into English in 2003 (d) The fact that 'Hortus Malabaricus' remained
and into Malayalam in 2008. Highlighting such instances lost to the world for almost three centuries.
of the Indo-Dutch artistic and cultural exchange through
5. Which statement is NOT true about 'Hortus
the last 400 years was the prime reason why Rajamony,
Malabaricus'?
who has been the Ambassador of India to the Netherlands,
thought of writing this book. The book was released on (a) It gives a comprehensive account of the life
30 September 2019. in the Malabar region.
(b) It is a 12-volume treatise, written in Latin.
The connection between India and the Netherlands
begins with the Dutch Golden Age, when the latter was (c) It was a product of a multinational and
a flourishing centre for commercial and artistic multicultural team of botanical experts.
endeavours. Following Spain, Portugal and Great Britain, (d) Many languages like Malayalam, Konkani
it also emerged as one of the great maritime nations of and Arabic appear in the book.
the world, establishing a far-flung empire thanks to the Answer Key
ventures of the Dutch East India Company. Over the
course of his research for the book, Rajamony says, one 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a)
of the things that surprised him was how taken the great
Dutch master Rembrandt was with Indian miniature
EXPLANATION
paintings, collecting them and even making drawings 1. (a) fn, x, sentence esa 'it' dk iz;ksx
'Netherlands' dks
inspired by them. "I was pleasantly surprised to discover refer djus ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA fn;k x;k passage,
this as Rembrandt is considered an absolute master, who
would only have made originals. It is very rare that a master India vkSjNetherlands ds chp Historical vkSj
like him would copy other artworks," says Rajamony. cultural vknku&iznku dh ppkZ djrk gSA
According to him, this fact is indicative of the high esteem 2. (d) fn;k x;k passage, eq[; :i ls India vkSjNether-
in which Indian art was held in Europe.
lands ds chp ,sfrgkfld vkSj lkaLÑfrd vknku&iznku ds
1. "It also emerged as one of the great maritime
nations of the world." Here the word 'it' refers to: esa gS] ftlesa
'Hortus Malabaricus' publication vkSj
(a) The Netherlands (b) Portugal Dutch masters }kjkIndian art dh ljkguk 'kkfey gSA
(c) India (d) Spain bu vknku&iznkuksa dks mtkxj djus ds mnkgj.k ds
2. The passage is mainly about: Indian Ambassador }kjk fyf[kr iqLrd dk mYys[k
(a) the book written by the Indian ambassador fd;k x;k gSA

Reading Comprehension Expected Questions
Introduction
06
08 EXERCISES
CHAPTER 8.2
3.2 Expected Questions
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and Nevada projected $7.5 billion in economic activity over
choose the most appropriate answer to the question the first seven years of legalization, including $1.7
out of the four alternatives. billion in labour income. Marijuana use harms more
than just the person using the drug. Societal costs of
SET-1 marijuana u se i nclu de payin g fo r in creased
More than half of US adults, over 128 million emergency room visits, medical care, and addiction
people have tried marijuana, despite it being an illegal treatment for the uninsured; more victims of drugged
drug under federal law. Nearly 600,000 Americans are driving accidents; increased crime; and a negative
arrested for marijuana possession annually - more impact on health from second-hand smoke.
than one person per minute. Public support for 1. Which of the following is the MOST suitable title
legalising marijuana went from 12% in 1969 to 66% for the given passage?
today. Recreational marijuana, also known as adult-
(a) Recreational Marijuana, a curse or boon
use marijuana, was first legalised in Colorado and
Washington in 2012. Proponents of legalising (b) Marijuana and the rising crimes in high
recreational marijuana say that it will add billions to schools
the economy, create hundreds of thousands of jobs, (c) Scanty of Marijuana in the US
free up scarce police resources, and stop the huge (d) Medical and health aspects of Marijuana
racial disparities in marijuana enforcement. They
contend that regulating marijuana will lower street 2. How can 'legalising marijuana' be beneficial to
crime, take business away from the drug cartels, and the economy?
make marijuana use safer through required testing, (a) drug cartels can earn more money through
labeling, and child-proof packaging. it if it gets legalised
They say marijuana is less harmful than alcohol, (b) legalising or banning marijuana doesn't
and that adults should have a right to use it if they affect the eco nomy , so it's no t mu ch
wish. Opponents of legalising recreational marijuana beneficial to the economic point of view
say that it will increase teen use and lead to more
(c) it can create hundreds of thousands of jobs
medical emergencies including traffic deaths from
driving while high. They contend that revenue from and free up scarce police resources
legalisation falls far short of the costs in increased (d) marijuana is less harmful than alcohol and
hospital visits, addiction treatment, environmental other beverages
damage, cri me, workplace accidents, and lost 3. Match the words with their meanings.
productivity. They say that marijuana use harms the
Words: a. contend, b. racial, c. scarce
user physically and mentally, and that its use should
be strongly discouraged, not legalised. Mexican Meanings: 1. assert, 2. meagre, 3. ethnic
immigrants entered the United States in record (a) a-2, b-3, c-1 (b) a-3, b-2, c-3
numbers following the 1910 Mexican Revolution. They
(c) a-1, b-3, c-2 (d) a-1, b-2, c-3
reporte dly introduced A meri cans to smoking
marijuana for recreational purposes. Around the same 4. What was the purpose of Mexican immigrants
time, sailors and West Indian immigrants brought introducing Marijuana in the US?
marijuana from the Caribbean into North America via (a) They introduced Marijuana as recreational
New Orleans. In the 1920s and 1930s, recreational purposes
cannabis use became associated with jazz music, and
(b) They brought Marijuana and introduced it for
the famous trumpet player Louis Armstrong was an
military purposes
early advocate for marijuana.
The legal marijuana industry generated $7.2 (c) They brought Marijuana in the US because
billion in economic activity in 2016, and added it was illegal at the time in Mexico
millions of dollars in federal taxes paid by cannabis (d) They introduced Marijuana in the US only for
businesses. One study on adult-use marijuana in medical purposes

Introduction
5. Which of the following is NOT advocated by the emergencies & traffic deaths dks c<+krk gSa blfy,
proponents of Marijuana for its legalisation? option (c) dk dFku xyr gSA vr% lgh
option (c) gSA
(a) Marijuana is less harmful than alcohol and
adults should have a right to use it if they SET-2
wish While efforts are ongoing to mitigate global
(b) Marijuana lowers street crimes. warming, climate change is already impacting people's
(c) Mariju ana causes lesser medical lives. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
emergencies including traffic deaths. Change's (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report 2022 says
(d) It can help the economy of a country grow. that Climate change is affecting nature, people's lives
and infrastructure everywhere. Its dangerous and
Answer Key pervasive impacts are increasingly evident in every
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) region of our world. These impacts are hindering
efforts to meet basic human needs and they threaten
EXPLANATION sustainable development across the globe. Crucially,
the IPCC says that whichever scenario unfolds, global
1. (a) Given passage esamarijuana ds pros and cons warming will continue for at least several decades,
(advantages and disadvantages) ds ckjs esa ckr along with rising sea levels. Which is why, as well as
dgh xbZ gS blfy, ge dg ldrs gS fd"Recreational focusing on cutting greenhouse gases countries must
also work on their climate adaptation strategies.
Marijuana whether a curse or boon" gh fn, x, Cutting greenhouse gas emissions can slow the pace
passage ds fy, appropriate title gksxkA of global warming, and this is known as mitigation.
Passage esa ,d point gS tks fdmarijuana ds The IPCC says that greenhouse gas emissions must
peak by 2025 and then rapidly decline if further
medical and health aspect ds ckjs esa crkrk gS ijarq
warming is to be limited.
;g passage dk center point ugha gS blfy, ge ;g Many countries have committed to the 2015
dg ldrs gS fd option (a) correct answer gSA Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global warming to
2. (c) Passage esa marijuana ds economic perspective around 1.5C above pre-industrial levels, and efforts
ij tksjnsdj mldkslegal djus dh ckr dgh xbZ gS& are already underway to de-carbonize sectors of the
global economy like heavy industry. However, it is
Marijuana ij control yxkus lsstreet crime de clear that the world must also take urgent action to
gksxkand drug cartels dk business Hkh de gksxkA adapt to the current and near-future impacts of
climate change, which it is too late to avoid. The IPCC
blfy, (c) correct answer gksxk says that adaptation to climate change means
3. (c) Contend - assert, racial - ethnic, and scarce adjusting our behaviour (where we choose to live; the
- meager. way we plan our cities and settlements) and adapting
Contend (v.) - fdlh argument esa fdlh ,d ckr our infrastructure (greening of urban areas for water
dk leFkZu djuk] (cgl djuk) storage). Examples of adaptation could be building roads
and bridges that can withstand higher temperatures
• Assert (v.) - fdlh fact belief dks and more powerful storms, reinforcing coastal defence
• confidently ;k forcefully crkuk] (nkok djuk) systems and switching to drought-resistant crops.
In the past decade, several countries have
• Racial (adj.) - fdlh tkfr ls related (tkrh;) already developed National Adaptation plans under the
• Ethnic (adj.) - fdlh tkfr fo'ks"k ls laacaf/r UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Parties to the Paris Agreement committed to adapting
• Meager (adj.) - vi;kZIr and building resilience. For example, wealthier
• Scarce (adj.) - little, insignificant (de) countries are obligated to provide $100 billion a year
in international climate finance. Although global
Åij fn, gq, meanings ds according words dk awareness of climate risks has increased, and that
lgh pair option (c) esa gS blfy, lghanswer option adaptation is required to reduce them, much more
(c) gSA needs to be done. This was recently confirmed in a
report by the United Nations Environment Programme
4. (a) Passage esarecreational (euksjatu)purpose ds (UNEP), which found that current adaptation efforts are
fy, US esamarijuana introduce djus okys not keeping pace with the growing risks. The
Mexican immigrants ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA Adaptation
vr% Gap Report 2022: Too Little, Too Slow -
lgh option (a) gSA Climate adaptation failure puts world at risk, says that
as climate i mpacts intensi fy, nati ons nee d to
5. (c) Passage ds according, marijuana dkslegal djus dramatically increase funding and actions to help
ds fojksf/;ksa
(opponents) dk dguk gS fd ;gmedical vulnerable nations and communities adapt.

Introduction
1. After reading the given passage, it can be Ex tra in formation :- gi ven options d k
inferred that it is - meaning uhps fn;k gSA
(a) a news item (b) a research report
Unsusceptible (adj.) - tks fd fdlh particular
(c) a hoax news (d) a magazine article
thing ls easily influenced (izHkkfor) u gksA
2. Why is it necessary for countries to work on
their climate adaptation strategies? Secure (adj.) - fuf'pr gh safe & fdlh izdkj ds Mj
(a) climate change is making governments to ls nwj
donate funds to developing countries Productive (adj.) - T;knk ek=kk
esa vkSj vPNk
result
(b) cl imate ch ange has be en a distorted nsus okykA
orientation according to scientists and it's
necessary to have policies to fight back 4. (d) Passage ds according, several (dqN ) countries
(c) climate impacts are hindering efforts to already climate change ij National Adaption
meet basic human needs plan develop dj pqds gSaA
Option (d) dk statement
(d) industries are not able to provide sustainable wrong gSa blfy, lghanswer option (d) gSA
economic help for governments 5. (c) Passage ds according, climate adaption ds
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning example bl izdkj gS& ,slsroads & bridges cukuk
to the word "Vulnerable"?
tkshigh temperature & powerful storms dks >sy
(a) unsusceptible (b) secure
(c) productive (d) endangered
ldsa]coastal defence system dksstrong djukA
4. Which of the following statements is NOT Drought resistant (lw[kk izfrjks/h)
crop (iQly) dks
correct according to the given passage? viukukA dsoy Rising sea level bldk example ugha
(a) Adaptation to climate chang e me ans gS blfy, lgh answer option (c) gSA
adjusting our behaviour
(b) Cutting greenhouse gas emissions can slow
SET-3
the pace of global warming Our world population has now reached 8 billion.
(c) Wealthier countries are obligated to provide From now on, it's 8 billion and counting. We find that
certain amount of finance for climate the world has grown smaller and the world's people
(d) A few countries have already developed have become almost one community. We are also
National Adaptation being drawn together by the grave problems we face:
5. Which of the following is not an example of overpopulation, dwindling natural resources, and an
climate adaptation? environmental crisis that threaten the very foundation
of existence on this small planet we share. I believe
(a) building roads and bridges that can withstand
that to meet the challenge of our times, human beings
higher temperatures
will have to develop a greater sense of universal
(b) reinforcing coastal defence systems responsibility. Each of us must learn to work not just
(c) rising sea levels across the globe for his or her own self, family or nation, but for the
(d) switching to drought-resistant crops benefit of all humankind. Universal responsibility is
Answer Key the real key to human survival. It is the best
foundation for world peace, the equitable use of natural
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c) resources, and the proper care of the environment.
Population Communication is actively working on
EXPLANATION prescribing actions to achieve replacement-size
1. (b) Passage dks i<+us ds ckn ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk tk familie
ldrk s by improvi ng the statu s of women,
guaranteeing quality family planning services, and
gS fd ;g ,d research report gS] tks fdIPCC ds reinforcing a human rights approach to reproductive
}kjk ykbZ xbZ gSA blfy, lgh (b) gSA
answer health and family planning.
See chapter "source of the passage" for more... When Population Communication was founded in
2. (c) Passage esa crk;k x;k gS climate
fd impact basic 1977, the world's population was close to four billion.
The UN declared the 8th billion arrived on November
human needs dks iwjk djuk eqf'dy cuk jgs gSa14 vkSj
but no reference to overpopulation. When I was born
world esasustainable development ds fy, [krjk in August 1938 the world had 2.2 billion. A child born
iSnk dj jgs gSaA blfy, answer
lgh option (c) gSA today who lives to 80 or 90 years old will be on a planet
3. (d) Vulnerable dk meaning gS& ftldks fdeasily in which 6 billion more humans will die than when I
was born. Gas and oil will peak and begin to decline
attack ;k harm fd;k tk ldrk gS pkgsphysically to zero, coal will take a little bit longer. From 1966 to
;k emotionally, blfy, endangered bldk 1985 I got 90 heads of government to sign a statement
synonym gksxk vr% lgh answer option (d) gSA in support of population stabilization.

Introduction
Today the UN, donors, NGOs, and foundations are existence of human beings.
discounting or ignoring the population problem. I (b) Population communication is working on
started my career in Egypt as a soil scientist in 1960, prescribing actions to achieve replacement-
switched to family planning in Japan as a Pathfinder size families by improving the status of both
in 1962, joined the Population Council in the Republic men and women.
of China in 1964, Turkey in 1966, and from 1969 to
(c) The author seems to have started his career
75 advised the government of Iran on the structure
as a soil scientist.
of a family planning program that eventually reached
the 2-child family. No Vacancy is that rare chronicle (d) The overpopulation project still work through
of sobering optimism in a world accustomed to donations.
thinking of population as a dilemma with little hope Answer Key
for positive change. The aim of The Overpopulation
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b)
Project (TOP) is to study and hig hlig ht the
environmental impacts of overpopulation, including EXPLANATION
humane policies to end population growth around the
world. Initiated in 2017 with a generous two-year grant 1. (a) ftl statement esa dgk x;k gS fd 'vHkh rd
from the Global Challenges Foundation, TOP plans to overpopulation dk dksbZ
real reference ugha' gS
ogh
continue its work through donations from supporters.
correct answer gSA
1. Which of the following can be inferred after
reading the given passage? Passage esaoverpopulation vkSj natural
(a) there is no current reference to resources ds /hjs&/hjs desus
gkdh ckr dgh xbZ gS] ysfdu
overpopulation yet tSls ghworld population 8 billion hit gqbZ] UN us
(b) natural resources are abundant for the world declare fd;k fd 8 billion 14th November dkshit
(c) coal could get diminished even before oil and dh but fiQj Hkhoverpopulation dk dksbZ reference
gas ugha gSA
ckdhoptions esapassage esa tks dgk x;k gS
(d) one should learn to work for himself to make mlds opposite crk;k x;k gSA
the world better
2. According to the author, what needs to be done
blfy, lgh answer option (a) gSA
in order to meet the challenge of our times? 2. (a) According to the given passage, gekjstime ds
(a) we will have to develop a sense of global challenges dks iwjk djus ;k mlls
deal djus ds fy,
responsibility gesa
global responsibility dk sense develop djus
(b) as a human being one needs to think about dh vko';drk gSA blfy, lghanswer option (a) gSA
oneself
3. (d) Overpoplution project dk aim, overpopulation
(c) each of us must learn to work independently
(d) independent responsibility is the real key to
ds environmental impacts dks study vkSj
human survival highlight djuk gSA blfy, lgh
answer option (d) gSA
3. What is the aim of the overpopulation project? 4. (a) Dilemma dk meaning gS ogsituation ftlesa nks
(a) assess fossil fuels and make them available choice ds chp esa ,d select djuk difficult gksA
for next generations Perplexity ,d confusion dh fLFkfr gksrh gS blfy,
(b) to make the world aware of climate impacts ;g bldk synonym gSA vr% lgh answer option
across the world
(a) gSA
(c) only to appraise the world population every
decade • Evolution (n ) = / h js&/ h js ;kGradu al
(d) to study and highlight the environmental development
impacts of overpopulation • Crowded (adj.) = (full of people) yksxksa dh HkhM+
4. Which of the following is similar in meaning • Melancholy (n) = cgqr T;knk sadness dh
to the word 'Dilemma'?
condition fcuk fdlhobvious reason dsA
(a) Perplexity (b) Evolution
5. (b) ftl statement esamen and women nksuks ds
(c) Crowded (d) Melancholy
population communication dksimprove djus dh
5. Which of the following statements is NOT
correct according to the given passage? ckr dgh xbZ gS passage
og ds according xyr gSA
(a) Environmental crisis is affecting the very blfy, lgh answer option (b) gSA
Sentence Rearrangement

Sentence Rearrangement

Sentence Rearrangement Introduction
01
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
Para-jumble/Sentence jumble dkssentence rearrangement ;k PQRS ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA
Para-Jumble:- Sentence Jumble:-

Para-jumble easpara (= paragraph) ds parts Sentence-jumble esa sentence ds parts dksjumbled
(sentences) dksjumbled (= mixed) form esa fn;k x;k gksrk(= gSmixed) form esa fn;k x;k gksrk gS vkSj gels mldk order
correct
vkSj gels mldkcorrect order iwNk tkrk gSA iwNk tkrk gSA
Example:- Sentences of a paragraph are given below Example:- Rearrange the parts of the sentence in
in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct the correct order.
order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. While physical movement
A. When this extra water vapour condenses into P. activities may not require physical
precipitation, it results in heavier rain or, if it's
Q. is important for children, all learning
cold enough, heavier snow.
R. the part of teachers and students
B. The atmosphere can store an additional 4% of
water vapour for every additional 1°F of warming. S. movement and facial expressions on
C. More water evaporates from soils, plants, lakes SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-II
and seas as the atmosphere warms. (a) PRQS (c) RSPQ
D. One of the most obvious indications of climate (b) QSRP (d) QPSR
change is heavier rainfall.
lHkh co mpetitive ex omin atio ns e sa 'sen te nce
SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-I rearrangement' ,d cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ
topic gSA bl
topic ds iz'uksa
(a) CBDA (b) DCBA esa gesa dqN
sentence (4 ls 6) fn, tkrs gSa vkSj gesa mUgsa i<+d
(c) ACDB (d) BCAD vPNs lsanalysis djds ,d lgh order esa yxkuk gksrk gSA
Types of sentence rearrangement questions
Types of para/sentence jumble question sentences missing gksrs gSaA gesa chp ds
missing
1. PQRS or ABCD format - bl form esa gesa4 parts/ sentences dks fn, x, pkj options esa ls lghorder esa
sentences fn, tkrs gS mUgsa i<+dj gesa mudk lgh
order <wa<+uk gksrk gSA
pquuk gksrk gSA  Important skills needed
2. Static first part - bl format esa igykpart/sentence
1. Good knowledge of grammatical structures:
fixed jgrk gS vkSj bldks è;ku esa j[kdj ckn ds dks
4 parts
Grammatical structures ds fy, bl book ds section-
order esa yxkdjoptions esa ls lghorder pquuk gksrk gSA
A dks vPNs ls i<+ ysaA
3. Static first and last part - bl format esa igyk vkSj
vkf[kjh(6th) part/sentence igys ls ghfixed jgrk gS bUgh2. Reading skills:
nks dks è;ku esa j[kdj gesa chp ds
4 parts/sentences dks bl book ds RC dh theory i<sa vkidks vPNs reading
order esa yxkdjoptions esa ls lghorder pquuk gksrk gSA skills develop djus esa dkiQh en~n feysxh mldsDaily
vykok
4. Missing sentences - bl format esafirst vkSjlast newspaper ;k dqN Hkh regular basis ij i<+ukreading
parts/sentences fixed jgrs gaS vkSj chp esa nks
parts/ skills ds fy, vPNk jgrk gSA

Sentence Rearrangement Para Jumble
02
CHAPTER
PARA-JUMBLE
Para jumble esa ,d paragraph ds dqNsentence answer okysoption dkseliminate dj nsrs gSaA vxj le;
dksjumbled form esa nsdj correct order iwNk tkrk gS tSlk fd ge de cpk gks rks gesa fcuk i<+s vkxs c<+ tkuk pkfg,A
last chapter esa i<+ pqds gSaA Note:- gesa ges'kk
paragraph dk main idea le>us dk iz;kl
;g Topic SSC ds Pre-examinations rFkkMains ds djuk pkfg, vkSj ns[kuk pkfg, fdparagraph
oks fdl
examination esa vDlj ns[kus dks feyrk gSA lanHkZ esa vkSj fdlds }kjk fy[kk x;k gSA
bl Topic ds iz'uksa esa gesa
paragraph ds sentences dks i<+dj
Students ds lkeus vkus okyh leL;k,¡
vkSj
vPNsls analysis djds ,d vFkZiw.kZ
paragraph cukuk gksrk gSA
1. Starting sentence dSls igpkusa\
Approaches
2. Pairs dSls cuk,sa\
Sentence jumble dks solve djus ds fy, dqN important
3. dkSu&lksentence igys vk;sxk] dkSu&lk ckn esa] ;g dSls i
points fn, x, gSa ftudhhelp ls ge bu questions dks vklkuh ls
pysxk\
solve dj ldsxsaA
4. Last sentence dks dSls [kkstsa\
1. gesaGrammatical concepts tSls parts of speech vkSj
muds bLrseky dh vPNh le> gksuh pkfg,A bu leL;kvksa dk lek/ku
2. dHkh&dHkh fliZQ Grammatical concepts dh enn ls geus uhps dqNpoints fy[ks gSa examples
vkSj nsds le>k;k gS
questions dkssolve dj ikuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA vr% vko';d vxj vki bupoints dks vPNs ls i<+ ysxsapara
rks fiQj
jumble
gS fd gesa viuhreading skills dksimprove djuk pkfg,A dk dksbZ Hkh
question vkids vkxs ureLrd gks tk;sxkA
Point-1:-
 Important Steps:-
tSlk fd ge tkurs gSa Pronouns
fd dk iz;ksx
Nouns ds fy,
Step-1  lcls igys ,d utj options ij Mkyuh pkfg, vkSj
fd;k tkrk gSA blfy, tc ,d person ;k ,d thing ds fy,
ns[kuk pkfg, dkSu ls&dkSu ls ls gesa
sentence paragraph dks
Noun vkSjPronoun nksuksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tk, rc
Noun
start djus dsoptions fn, x;s gSaA
okyksentence igys vkrk gSA tc ckr
personal pronouns
Step-2  lcls igys gesastarting/introductory sentence dh gksrh gS rc T;knkrj cPps le> tkrs gaS exj tc ckras Fk
[kkstuk pkfg, blds fy, lHkh
sentence dks gesa rst utj ls Advanced gksa rks le>us esa cgqr fnDdr gksrh gSA geus u
scan djuk pkfg,]starting sentence dSlsfind djuk gS ;s examples fn, gSa ftuesa basic and advanced nksuksa gh
geusbook esa vkxs le>k;k gqvk gSA cover fd, gSaA
Step-3  gesa dqNpairs cukus pkfg, eryc 2 ;k vf/d ,sls Ex.1 (P) He is the only student of my class who got
sentence tks lkFk esa vkuk t:jh gSasidentify
mudks djuk the award.
pkfg,A (Q) Rajesh is not coming to school these days.
Step-4  gesa ;s Hkh ns[kuk pkfg, fd sentence
dkSulk fdl • Rajesh ,d noun gS rFkk 'He' (pronoun) Rajesh ds fy,
sentence ls igys ;k ckn esa vk;sxk cs'kd oksuk cuk,A
pair use fd;k x;k gS"QP" correct order gSA
Ex.2 (P) I bought 'Wings of Fire' Yesterday.
Step-5  ge dbZ ckj vxj concluding/last sentence dks
(Q) It is written by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
Identify dj ysa rks
option eliminate djds lgh answer
fudky ldrs gaSA • 'P' esa
'Wings of Fire' ,d noun gS ftlds fy, 'Q' esa
'It'
,d pronoun gS blfy, 'PQ' lgh order gSA
Note:- Åij fy[ks x, steps ds lkFk&lkFk
options dks Hkh ns[krs
Ex.3 (P) Mohan was one of them.
tk,sa vkSj
options dkseliminate djsaA
(Q) There were a lot of people.
Step-6  lgh order feyus ds ckn ,d ckj lHkh
sentences dks • 'P' esa tks
pronoun 'Them' gS mlds fy,noun 'Q' esa
proper order esa i<+ ysa D;ksafd dbZ ckj ge tYnckth esa lgh'people' gS blfy, 'QP' lgh order gSA

Sentence Rearrangement Para-Jumble
Ex.3 (P) Le arni ng anothe r lang uag e improves • D;ksafd
'Q' sentence esa
'this is why', result dks fn[kk jgk
children's job prospects. gS blfy, ;g ckn esa vk,xk 'PQ'
rks lgh order gSA
(Q) What is more/in addition, it boosts their Ex.3 (P) In short, he suffered a lot last month.
self-esteem.
(Q) He lost his bike & injured his leg in a car
• D;ksafd
'Q' sentence addition dks fn[kk jgk gS blfy, ckn esa accident & he also lost his job.
vk,xk rks
'PQ' lgh order gSA • D;ksafd
'P' sentence esa
'in short', summary dks fn[kkrk
Point-18:- gS blfy, 'P' sentence ckn esa vk,xkA rkslgh order gSA
'QP'
,slssentences ftuesresult ;k summary ;k conclusion Point-19:-
dks fn[kkus okys
words gksrs gaS oks
sentences lkekU;r% ml Introductory/starting sentence dh fo'ks"krk,¡%&
sentence ds ckn vkrs gSa ftldkresult
oks crkrs gaSA  ;s descriptive statement gksrk gSA
• Phrases that show summary  Therefore, finally,  ;s vDlj fdlh person, thing or idea dksintroduce djrk gSA
consequently, thus, in short, in conclusion, in
brief, as a result, accordingly, etc.  blesaindefinite nature ds words vkrs gSaA
• Phrases that show result/conclusion  So that,  Demonstratives, definite article vkSjresultative
with the result that, thus, consequently, hence, words blesa uk ds cjkcj vkrs gSaA
accordingly, for this reason, therefore, so, because, Point-20:-
since, as a result, in other words, then, etc. Concluding/Last sentence dh fo'ks"krk,aA
Ex.1 (P) We shall, therefore, return to this item at  ;s vDlj result dh ckr djrk gS eryc tks ckrpassage essa
our next meeting.
dgh xbZ gS mlds
result dks fn[kk;k tkrk gSA
(Q) There is still much left to discuss.
 Last sentence esa vDljresultative words ik, tkrs gSA
• D;ksafd'P' sentence esa'therefore', result fn[kk jgk gS
Resultative words:- Thus, therefore, hence, however,
blfy, ckn esa vk,xk rks
'QP' lgh order gSA
that's why, for this reason, so, so that, etc.
Ex.2 (P) Children who grow up on a diet of junk food
find it difficult to change this habit later in  Last sentence esa ges'kk ckrconclude
dks fd;k tkrk gSA
life. Note:- vxj ge igyk vkSj vkf[kjh
sentence Identify dj ysrs
(Q) This is why, it is essential that children eat gSaoptions
rks dh enn ls vf/drj questions dk lgh
healthy from an early age. answer ns ldrs gSaA
Exercise
Note:- uhps dqNAdvance level ds examples fn;s x;s gSa ftuesa
options ugha gSaA vxj vki bu
examples dks fcuk
options ds solve
dj ikrs gaS rks vkxs pyoptions
dj okysquestions dkssolve dj ikuk dkiQh gn rd vklku gks tk,xkA
Example -1 fd;k x;k gSA vr% ge dg ldrs gSaDB
fd ,d mandatory
1. The correct order is (____________). pair gSA
(A) There are many secondary reasons as well • D ,d introductory sentence gSA Sentence D ls
along with increasing levels of carbon. start gksxk rFkk
'DBCA' correct order cusxkA
(B) The term is used to describe the unnatural Example -2
rise in earth's average temperature.
2.
The correct order is (_____________).
(C) Increased carbon dioxide is the primary
driver of global warming. (A) They can help you to decide the right
products for you.
(D) Global warming is the single biggest threat
to life on earth today. (B) Advertisements can be extremely useful if
they are honest.
Ans. DBCA
(C) Teenagers are especially vulnerable to such
• (A) esasecondary reasons rFkk(C) esaprimary advertisements.
reasons dh ckr dh x;h gSA vr%CA ,d mandatory (D) However, some advertisements may be
pair gSA harmful as they try to befool you.
• (B) esa'the term' dk use global warming ds fy;s Ans. BADC

Sentence Jumble
03
CHAPTER
SENTENCE JUMBLE
Sentence Jumble esa ,d ghsentence ds parts Some Important Sentence Structures
dksjumbled (mixed) form esa fn;k tkrk gS vkSj mldk
correct order
• Subject + verb 
iwNk tkrk gSA • Subject + verb + object 
• Subject + verb + prep osition + object 
;g Topic eq[;r%SSC ds Pre-examinations esa iwNk
tkrk gS vkSj
• Sub ject + verb + conjunction + s ubject + verb 
Mains ds examination esa Hkh vDlj ns[kus dks feyrk gSA
clause clause
bl Topic ds iz'uksa esasentence
gesa ds parts dks i<+dj vkSj vPNs
• Determine r + Noun 
ls analysis djds ,d vFkZiw.kZ
sentence cukuk gksrk gSA
• Determiner + Adverb + A djective + Noun
Approaches • Transitive verb + Noun/Pronoun 
o bject
Sentence jumble dkssolve djus ds fy, dqNimportant

• Preposition + Noun/Pronoun
points fn, x, gSa ftudhhelp ls ge bu questions dks vklkuh ls o bj ect
solve dj ldsxsaA Problems Faced by Students

1. gesa
Grammatical concepts tSls parts of speech vkSj 1. Starting Part dSls igpkusa\
muds bLrseky dh vPNh le> gksuh pkfg,A 2. Pairs dSls cuk,sa\
2. gesa sentence esaidentify djuk vkuk pkfg, fdsentence 3. dkSu&lkpart igys vk;sxk] dkSu&lk ckn esa ;g dSls irk pysx
dk starting part dkSu lk gksxkA fixed(;fn ugha gS rks) vkSj
4. Last part dks dSls [kkstsa\
;g Hkh vkuk pkfg, dh dkSu lk ml sentence dks vkxs
part bu leL;kvksa dk lek/ku
continue djsxkA Sentence Jumble ds questions djrs le; gesaoption-
 Important Steps:- elimination technique dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A Options dks
eliminate djus ds fy, gesa eq[;r%
3 phtksa dk è;ku j[kuk pkfg,A
Step I :- lHkhparts dks è;ku ls i<+saA
1. fdl&fdl part of speech ls sentence dksstart ugha dj
Step II :- ;fn Type-I dk question gS rks starting part dks
ldrsA
find djuk lcls igyk task gSA
2. fdl&fdl part of speech ls sentence dksend ugha dj
Step III:- ;fn Type II ;k Type III dk questions gS] ;k fiQj ldrsA
Type I ds question esa vkistarting part pqu pqds
3. gesa dqN
pairs Hkh cukus pkfg, ftlls answer
ge is igqp ik,asA
gSa rks blds ckn dkSu
partlkvkxscontinue dj jgk gSA
geus uhps dqN
points fy[ks gSa vkSj
examples nsds le>k;k gS
Step IV:- Grammatical concepts ds lgh Øe dh le> gekjh vxj vki bu points dks vPNs ls i<+ ysxsa rks fiQj
Sentence
enn djrh gS ;g decide djus esa fd dkSu&lk
part fdl Jumble dk dksbZ question
Hkh vki vklkuh ls dj ik,axsaA
part ds just ckn vk ldrk gS ;k ughaA Point-1:-
fdlh Hkhsentence dks ge lkekU;r% uhps fy[ks parts of
fdlds cknD;kvk,xk\
Approach speech ls start ugha djrsA
fdlds cknD;kughavk,xk\ • Co-ordinate conjunction
• Adjective without noun
Step V:- Step III vkSjStep IV esa ;g tkuuk fd dkSu part
lk
• Adverb of manner
fdl part ds ckn vk ldrk gS vkSj dkSu&lk ugha vk ldrk]
;g analysis gesaoptions dkseliminate djus esa enn • Relative pronoun
djrk gSA • Main verb

Sentence Jumble
Ex:- (P) And I liked her company. preposition dks mldsobject ls vyx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(Q) She always stayed with me. Ex:- I know the girl whom they were talking about.
 D;ksafd
"And" ls sentence dh 'kq:vkr ugha dj ldrs blfy, obj. Prep.
lgh order "QP" gSA 2. tc preposition dk object dksbZ 'Wh-word' gks rc

Ex:- (P) Whom he knew in the city. preposition dks mldsobject ls vyx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(Q) He invited all the people Ex:- What were you listening to?
 P esa
Relative pronoun "Whom" fn;k x;k gS vkSj
Relative obj. Prep.
pronoun ls sentence start ugha djrs blfy,'QP' lgh 3. tc preposition dsobject dkspassive voice esasubject
order gksxkA cuk;k tkrk gS rc
preposition vius object ls vyx gks tkrk
Point-2:- gSA
fdlh Hkhsentence dks ge lkekU;r% uhps fy[ks
parts of Ex:- The problem is being dealt with.
speech ij end ugha djrsA obj. Prep.
• Conjunction 4. tc fdlh preposition ls igys ,d infinitive dk use gks

• Preposition vkSjinfinitive ls igys vk;k noun/pronoun,
preposition ds object dk dke djsa] rcpreposition dk
• Transitive verb
object, preposition ls vyx gks tkrk gSA
• Determiner
Ex:- I need a fork to eat with.
• Relative pronoun
Point-3:-
• Wh-words
Pair cukus ds fy, gesa uhps fn,points
x, dk è;ku j[kuk
Ex:- (P) She didn't answer my call.
(Q) I was worried about her when. pkfg,A
 'Q' ds var esa
'when' conjunction vk;k gS blfy,Q ls end (i) Subject + verb
ugha djrs] vr% 'QP' correct order gSA (ii) Preposition + object
Ex:- Russell Wilson, an NFL (iii) Transitive verb + object
P. about Naomi Osaka saying that her (iv) Determiner + Noun
Q. has been spectacular to watch (v) Attributive adjective + Noun
R. humility and dedication to others (vi) Antecedent + Relative pronoun/Relative clause
S. player for the Seattle Seahawks, wrote (vii) To + V1
SSC CGL PRE - 13/12/2022 SHIFT-I (viii) Conjunction + clause
1. SPRQ 2. PRQS (ix) Parallelism
3. RPQS 4. QPRS (x) Co-relative and other pairing words
 'S' ds var esa
'wrote' (V2 of 'write') dk iz;ksx gqvk gS tks(i)
fd Subject + verb  vxj gesa fdlhpart ds var esa
subject
'about' preposition vius ckn ysxhA eryc ge S ij end fn[ks rks mlds fy,
verb ls start gksus okyk
part ns[kuk pkfg,A
ugha dj ldrsAOptions 2, 3, 4 'S' ij end gksrs gSa blfy, Ex:-
;s Michael Holding, who
lgh answer ugah gks ldrsA vr%option 1 lgh answer gSA P. 20 years, has finally drawn curtains on
Ex:- (P) How he convinced her
Q. commentary panel for more than
(Q) Everyone was curious about
R. was a member of the Sky Sports
 'Q' ds var esa
'about' preposition vk;k gS ftlls ge
S. his stint behind the microphone
sentence dksend ugha dj ldrs blfy, 'QP' lgh order
gksxkA SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-III
Note:- lkekU;r% preposition ds ckn mldkobject vkuk t:jh 1. RQPS 2. QPRS

gksrk gS blfy, ge
preposition ij sentence var ugha 3. SPQR 4. PSQR
dj ldrsA ysfdu eq[;r%4 ,slh situations possible gSa  Starting part ds var esa
'who' fn;k gS ftlds fy, verb
tgk¡ ij preposition last esa vdsyk gksrk gS] vkSj mldk pkfg,AOnly part 'R' verb 'was' ls start gksrk gS] eryc
R
object igys vk pqdk gksrk gSA lcls igys vk;sxk] vr% ;gk¡
option '1' correct answer
1. tc preposition dk object ,d relative clause gks rc gksxkA

Sentence Jumble
(vii) To + V1  Infinitive dks ge lk/kj.kr% iwjk fy[krs gSaA R. income tax, which would be the fairer option
Ex:- There are S. for solving the social care funding
P. reports that toy shops and other SSC CGL PRE - 06/12/2022 SHIFT-IV
Q. to prepare for the Christmas rush 1. SQPR 2. PRSQ
R. non-food retailers are struggling to 3. RSPQ 4. QPRS
S. get enough stock into their warehouses  'P' ds var esa
'or' fy[kk gS ftlds igyswealth fy[kk gS rks
SSC CGL PRE - 02/12/2022 SHIFT-III parallelism o 'or' ds use ds according 'or' ds ckn
1. RPSQ 2. PRSQ crisis vk;sxk tks fd'Q' esa gS'PQ'
rks ,d pair gS tks fd fliQZ
3. SQRP 4. QRPS option (3) esa gSA
 'R' ds var esa
'to' fn;k gS rFkk
'S' ds starting esaget (V1), Co-relative and other pairing words  uhps dqN
(x)
blfy, 'RS' ,d pair gS tks fd fliZQ option '2' esa gSA ,slswords fn, x;s tks vDlj pair cukrs gSaA
(viii) Conjunction + clause  Conjunctions ds ckn ge Either or
clause (subject + verb) fy[krs gSaA Neither nor
Ex:- (P) He had lost his parents. Not only/just but also
(Q) There was no one to take care of him as. Both and
 'Q' ds var esa
'As' conjunction gS] mlds cknclause (he From to
had lost) vk;sxk] vr%'QP' lgh order gSA Between and
Hardly/scarcely when
(ix) Parallelism  tc gesa dksbZ Co-ordinating
Rather/other than
conjunction fn[ks rks t:jh ugha fd gesa mlds ckn
clause
Else but
gh yxkuh gSA ge mlds ckn og of speech Hkh yxk ldrs
part
Lest (should) + V1
gS tks mlds igys
use gqvk gksA
Ex:- We have invited
Co-ordinating conjunctions  P. but also his parents
FANBOYS  (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So) Q. not only Mohan
Ex:- The decision not  Co-relative "not only..... but also" dks è;ku esa j[krs gq,
P. to include any kind of wealth or ge ;g fu"d"kZ fudky ldrs gSaQfdds cknP gksxk vr%"QP"
Q. crisis, has proven controversial lgh order gksxkA
Note:- ;sapoints geus vkxs
examples ds through le>k;sa gSa] bu lHkh
examples dks è;ku ls i<+saA
Example -1 Example -2
Make a sentence with the help of given words. Make a sentence with the help of given words.
(Boy, Father, His, Along, Came, With, The, Here) (Prisoners, Medium-security, The, Houses,
Ans (a) The boy along with his father came here, About, 200, Prison)
(b) The boy came here along with his father. Ans. The Prison houses about 200 medium-security
(c) Along with his father the boy came here. prisoners.
Sentence jumble ds questions dkssolve djus ds fy, • ,sl s Quesiton esa gesa
verb <w<+uk pkfg;s rFkk mld
gesapart of speech (Noun, Pronoun, Verb etc.) dh according subject dks <w<+sxsaA
le> gksuh pkfg;sA • Houses ,slk word gS tks noun rFkkverb nksuksa dk
• Basic structure - dke dj dj ldrk gS] D;ksafd
question esa vU; dksbZ
{Sub. + verb + other word.} verb ugha gS vr% ge dg ldrs gSaHouses
fd ;gk¡
• D;ksafd Noun/Pronoun, Subject dk dk;Z dj ldrs verb dh rjg use gqvk gSA
gSaA vr%
sentence esa'Boy' and 'Father' nskuksa es Note:-
ls Sentence esa de ls de 1 verb vo'; gksuh pkfg;sA
dksbZ ,dsubject gks ldrk gSA • 'Houses' singular verb gS blfy, 'Prison'
• 'Came' verb gS tkssubject ds ckn vk;sxh] 'here' subject gksxkA
adverb gS tksverb ds ckn vk;sxhA • 'About' preposition gS blds ckn
Object vk;sxk] tks
• 'Along with' preposition ds ckn mldkobject vk;sxkA fd medium - security prisoners gSA bl izdkj
 The boy along with his father. () sentence cusxk&
The father along with his boy. (×) The prison houses about 200 medium-
('his boy' ds LFkku 'his
ij son' better gksrk
) security prisoners.

Sentence Jumble
Example -3 • bl izdkj 'BCD' ,d mandatory pair gSA

Make a sentence with the help of given words. • D;ksafd
A esa'the history' is (verb) dk subject gS
(Rohit, In, Match, Brilliantly, Played, The) vkSjD ds ckndirect subject ugha vk;sxk] blfy,A
Ans. Rohit played brilliantly in the match starting esa vk;sxkA bl izdkj 'ABCD' correct
• Sub + verb + adverb answer gSA
• Rohit - Subject (Noun)
Example -6
Played - Verb (V2)
(A) To thrive commercially,
Brilliantly - Adverb of manner
(B) Campanies need sales people who
In - Preposition
The - Article (C) Can explain their products in a
Match - Object (Noun) (D) Way that corporate executives can understand.
In the match - Adverb of place (a) BCDA (b) CDBA
• MPT = Manner - Place - Time bl izd kj (c) BCAD (d) ABCD
'brilliantly' (adv. of manner), 'in the match' Ans. (d) ABCD
(adv. of place) ls igys vk;sxkA • B 'who' ls end gks jgk tks fd
relative pronoun gS
Example -4 vr% blds cknC vk;sxk tks fdverb ls start gks jgkA
(A) We use it in our global future • C ds end esaarticle 'a' gS vr% blds ckn
singular
(B) Religious communities can contribute noun vk;sxk tks fd D esagiven gSA bl izdkj
'DCD'
(C) Important perspectives on how
,d mandatory pair gSA
(D) By embracing and supporting science.
• 'To thrive' (fodflr djuk) term dk use
(a) BADC (b) BCDA
'companies' ds fy;s fd;k x;k gS] blfy,
'AB', pair
(c) DBCA (d) BCAD
Ans. (c) DBCA cusxkA bl izdkj
'ABCD' correct answer gSA
• A esa'we use it' fn;k x;k gSA'It' dks ns[kdj ge dg Example -7
ldrs gSa fdsentence A ls start ugha gksxkA (A) On the global stage, it is not only vital
• B esa'contribute' verb ds fy;s object dh vko';drk (B) For the African continent to remain relevant
gS tks fdoption C esa fn;k gSA bl izdkj 'BC' ,d (C) Have equity in these technologies
mandatory pair gSA (D) That companies embrace AI, but also that local
• C esa'how' conjunction ds ns[kdj ge dg ldrs gS entrepreneurs
fd blds ckn ,d clause dh vko';drk gS tks fdA esa (a) ABDC (b) CDBA
given gSA vr% 'BCA' pair cusxkA (c) BADC (d) BACD
• D;ksafdD option esa
'science' word gS rFkk blh ds fy;s
Ans. (d) BADC
A esait dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr%
D, A ls igys vk;sxkA
• "Not only --- but also" dh otg ls 'AD' ,d
vr% 'DBCA' correct answer gSA
mandatory pair gSA
Example -5
• C esa'have' verb ds fy;s subject dh vko';drk gStks
(A) The history of science is also
fd local entrepreneurs gSA blfy, D ds cknC vk;sxkA
(B) A history of people resisting
(C) New discoveries that conflict • bl izdkj 'ADC' pair cusxk] tks fd fliZQ
option (d) esa
(D) With conventional wisdom gS] vr% ;gh lghanswer gksxkA
(a) ABDC (b) CDBA Example -8
(c) CDAB (d) ABCD (A) Management to leadership
Ans. (d) ABCD (B) Making the transition from
• B esa'resisting' verb ds fy;s object dh vko';drk (C) Requires that managers exercise skills
gS tks fdC esagiven gSaA (D) In strategic thinking.
• C esa'conflict' intransitive verb gS] blfy, blds (a) ABDC (b) CDBA
cknobject ugha vk ldrk fdarqadverb vk ldrh gS tks (c) CABD (d) BACD
fd D esagiven gSaA Ans. (d) BACD

Sentence Rearrangement Previous Year Questions
06
04 EXERCISES
CHAPTER 4.1
3.2 Previous Year Questions
SSC CGL MAINS 2022
Direction:- Sentences of a paragraph are given below services and appropriate measures to control
in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the infectious disease.
correct order to form a meaningful and coherent SSC CGL MAINS- 02/03/2023
paragraph.
(a) DCAB (b) ACDB
1. (A) Healthy, strong trees act as carbon sinks,
offsetting carbon and reducing the effects of (c) DACB (d) DABC
climate change. 3. A. Many fitness trainers encourage their clients
(B) Trees help to clean the air we breathe. to include these foods in their diet to build
Through their leaves and bark, they absorb muscle.
harmful pollutants and release clean oxygen B. Power foods can be included in your everyday
for us to breathe. diet in a variety of ways.
(C) Increasing levels of carbon dioxide caused by
C. The secret to getting the most out of power
deforestation and fossil fuel combustion trap
foods is, of course, knowing how to cook them
heat in the atmosphere.
properly, buying seasonal produce and
(D) In urban e nvironme nts, trees abso rb recognising your preferred flavour profile.
pollutant gases like nitrogen oxides, ozone,
and carbon monoxide, and sweep up particles D. Power foods are high in nutrients such as
like dust and smoke. fibre, potassium and minerals.
SSC CGL MAINS- 02/03/2023 SSC CGL MAINS- 02/03/2023
(a) DBAC (b) CDAB (a) ADBC (b) DABC
(c) BDCA (d) ABCD (c) BCAD (d) DBCA
2. A. The principles that emerged from those trials, 4. A. Tigers are the largest members of the cat
known as the Nuremberg Code, are broadly family. They are found in many parts of
applicable to many types of health-related Asia.
research involving human participants,
B. They mostly live in dark forests and sleep
including clinical trials.
during the day. They come out for hunting
B. The growing breadth and complexity of pigs and deer by night.
co ntemporary h ealth chall enge s have
produced arrange of difficult questions that C. It is assumed that, probably, around 3,000
cannot always be adequately addressed by tigers live in the wild. This species looks
relying exclusively on existing policies, spectacular and grand and they are very
guidelines or codes of conduct. graceful in their movements.
C. Re cent formal effo rts to arti culate D. It is almost impossible for us to see them
international standards of ethics applicable to against a jungle background, especially when
health and health care can be traced to the they are standing still, because of their striped
Nuremberg trials of 1947, during which the coats. Unlike, most cats, the tiger likes
horrors of Nazi medical experiments came to light. bathing very much.
D. Ethical questions related to health, health
SSC CGL MAINS- 02/03/2023
care and public health cover topics as diverse
as moral issues around reproduction, state (a) ADBC (b) ABCD
obligations in the provision of health care (c) ACBD (d) CDBA

24. Parts of a sentence/paragraph are given below. C. every morning
While the first and the last parts (A and F) are D. for a walk
in the correct order, the parts in between are
E. to go
jumbled up. Arrange the parts in the correct
order to form a meaningful and coherent F. I can keep myself fit and healthy.
sentence/paragraph. SSC CGL MAINS- 06/03/2023
A. I love (a) BCDE (b) DEBC
B. so that (c) EDCB (d) CBDE
Answer Key
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a)
9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (b)
17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c)
EXPLANATION
1. (c) 'C' esa'Increasing levels of carbon dioxide' dh 6. (c) 'C' esa
Raman (Noun) rFkk D esaRaman ds fy;s'him'
leL;k dk ftØ fd;k x;k gSA pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gS] ftlls Li"V gS fd C, D
• 'A' esa bldksolution crkrs gq;s dgk x;k gS]Trees,fd ls igys vk;sxkA vr%
option (b) eliminate gks tk;sxkA
'Carbon sinks' dh rjg dk;Z djrs gSA • 'A' esa'Then' dks ns[kus ls Li"V gS fdStarting
;g
• vr%'CA' ,d mandatory pair gS tks fdonly option point ugha gSA options
vr% (a) and (d) eliminate gks
(c) esagiven gSA bl izdkj 'BDCA' correct order gSA tk;sxsaA bl izdkj
(c) 'BCDA' correct answer gSA
2. (a) Question ds size dks ns[kdj ?kcjk;s ugha] gesa cl7.,d (a) 'A' esa'On the afternoon of that eventful day'
Clause <w<+us dh t:jr gS ftldh help ls ge easily rFkk'D' esa'the afternoon' dks ns[kdj ge dg ldrs gS
answer mark dj ldrs gSaA fd A, D ls igys vk;sxk] tks fd options 'a' and 'b' esa
• Sentence dks ns[kus ij ge ikrs gSa 'C'fdesa"The given gSA 'B' esa
'for weeks' fy[kk gS rFkk ml fnu ds ckn
Nuremberg trials" dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'A' esa dh fLFkfr dks crk;k x;k gSA'B'vr% last esa vk;sxkA bl
buds fy;s'Those trials' term dk use fd;k x;k gSA izdkj'CADB' correct order gSA
ftlls Li"V gS fdC, A ls igys vk;sxkA tks only fd 8. (a) 'D' esa'Sarah Polley' rFkk'C' esa'Polley' dks ns[kus ls
option (a) esa given gSA vr% 'DCAB' correct order Li"V gS fd D, C ls igys vk;sxkA vr%option
ge (d) dks
gSA eliminate dj nsrs gSA
3. (b) 'A' esaPower foods ds fy;s 'these foods' term dk • 'D' esa
'Polley' dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'C' esa mlds dke
use fd;k x;k gSA vr% 'A' starting point ugha gksxkA ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA bl'DC'izdkj,d pair cusxk] tks
• 'A' esapower foods dks viuhdiet esa 'kfkey djus dh fd only option (a) esagiven gSA vr% 'DCAB' cor-
lykg nh x;h gSA 'B' esa crk;k x;k gS fd bUgsa dbZ izdkj ls rect order gSA
diet esa 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gS rFkk'C' esa os rjhds crk;s 9. (c) 'C' esa'Robert B. Cialdini' dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk
x;s gSA vr% A, B, C blh sequence esa vk;sxsaA bl izdkj 'B' esa muds fy;s 'him' pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA
"D, A, B, C" correct order gSA vr% Li"V gS fd C, B ls igys vk;sxk] tks fd only
4. (c) 'A' esa'Tiger' dksintroduce fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'C' esa option (c) esagiven gSA bl izdkj 'ACBD' correct
muds ckjsextra
esa information tSlslooks and qual- order gSA
ity dh ckr dh x;h gSA vr% 'AC' ,d pair cusxk] tks fd10. (d) 'B' esa
India dh roads dh condition pathetic crk;h
only option (c) esagiven gSA vr% 'ACBD' correct x;h gSA
order gSA • 'D' esa crk;k x;k gS fdcondition
;s pathetic D;ksa gSaA
5. (b) 'B' esaIndia dh prolixity and storytelling ds ckjs esa vr%'BD' ,d mandatory pair gS] tks fd option (b)
ckr dh x;h gS rFkk blh dks vkxs c<+krs 'D' esagq;s and (d) esagiven gSA
'Mahabharat and Ramayana' dk example fn;k • 'C' esa'D' esa dgh x;h ckr dks gh vkxs c<+krs gq;s dgk
x;k gSA vr% 'BD' ,d mandatory pair gS] tks fd gS fdroads ij vehicles dh la[;k c<+us ijspace u
only option (b) esa given gSA bl izdkj "BDAC" cor- ds cjkcj gks tkrk gSA'DC'vr%,d mandatory pair gSA
rect order gSA bl izdkj 'BDCA' correct order gSA

SSC CGL Pre 2022

Direction: Sentences of a paragraph are given below 5. P. Main source of water for Wular Lake is River
in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the correct Jhelum.
order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. Q. Wular Lake is also said to be a remnant of
1. A. When this extra water vapour condenses into Satisar Lake that existed in ancient times.
precipitation, it results in heavier rain or, if R. This lake also has a small island in its centre
it's cold enough, heavier snow. called the 'Zaina Lank'.
B. The atmosphere can store an additional 4% S. This island was constructed by King Zainul-
of water vapour for every additional 1°F of Abi-Din.
warming. SSC CGL PRE - 02/12/2022 SHIFT-I
C. More water evaporates from soils, plants, (a) RPQS (b) PQRS
lakes and seas as the atmosphere warms. (c) QSRP (d) PRSQ
D. One of the most obvious indications of climate 6. P. As a boy Elon was a keen reader and learnt
change is heavier rainfall. how to code computers.
SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-I Q. He even made his own video game called
(a) CBDA (b) DCBA Blastar.
(c) ACDB (d) BCAD R. Later he moved to Canada and then the
2. A. A panther is reported to have broken into a United States setting up his first company
with his brother Kimbal in 1995.
house yesterday in search of food and shelter.
S. But after some time, he sold that company
B. The villagers heard his cries and ran to the
to create a company called X.com.
house but the scared animal had run away
through the window by then. SSC CGL PRE - 02/12/2022 SHIFT-II
C. It secretly slouched into a room where a (a) RPSQ (b) PRSQ
young man named Johnny was sleeping, who (c) SQRP (d) PQRS
suddenly woke up and realised that the beast 7. P. Many deadwood beetle species recycle the
was roaming around his bed. nutrients of woodlands.
D. Just as the panther was about to leap on him, Q. Some deadwood beetles are predators or
he swiftly shot out of bed and hid in a closet. parasitoids to other insect species and restrict
population growth of potential pests.
SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-II
R. Others have recently been found to be
(a)ABDC (b) BDCA
pollinators.
(c)ACDB (d) DCAB S. Working alongside fungi, bacteria and other
3. A. They also wore felt caps to cover their ears. invertebrates, they break down dead woods
B. They wore trousers tucked into leather boots. and return the nutrients back to the soil.
C. This place was famous for its skilful archers SSC CGL PRE - 02/12/2022 SHIFT-IV
and horsemen. (a) PSQR (b) RPSQ
D. In the 5th and 4th centuries BC, today's (c) PRQS (d) QPRS
south Ukraine was known as Scythia.
8. P. In Tokyo, they built an expressway linking the
SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-II international airport in Haneda to the centre and
(a) BCDA (b) CBDA widened some of the city's major arteries.
(c) ABCD (d) DCBA Q. These infrastructure improvements helped to
4. P. We are naturally social creatures. bring about the Japanese economic miracle
over the next couple of decades.
Q. A bit of solitude - as everyone from Thoreau
R. Tokyo 2020 was supposed to be a great
to Proust has written about -is one of our most
eco nomi c stimul us, repl icating the
powerful tools for disconnecting and recharging.
achievements of Tokyo 1964.
R. This does not mean you need to lock yourself
S. It was thanks to hosting the Olympics that
away in a room at the end of the day. Japan invested in infrastructure such as the
S. However, all that time with people takes its toll. famous Shinkansen bullet train.
SSC CGL PRE - 01/12/2022 SHIFT-III) SSC CGL PRE - 03/12/2022 SHIFT-I
(a) PQRS (b) QSRP (a) RSPQ (b) QPRS
(c) SPQR (d) PSQR (c) SRQP (d) PQRS

69. Back in April S. wisdom, and do deals with one another
P. an afternoon walking around SSC CGL PRE - 13/12/2022 SHIFT-III
Q. the Tillman Sand Ridge Heritage Preserve (a) RSQP (b) PQRS
R. I was visiting family in South Carolina (c) PRQS (d) SPRQ
S. and my brother and I spent 71. Genome-wide
SSC CGL PRE - 13/12/2022 SHIFT-II P. with metabolites that influence
(a) RSPQ (b) QPRS Q. traits like flavour, disease resistance and texture
(c) PQRS (d) RQPS R. analysis of each apple enabled
70. Apart from generating S. identification of genetic markers associated
P. real income for players, play-to-earn SSC CGL PRE - 13/12/2022 SHIFT-IV
Q. games also create communities (a) PQRS (b) QRPS
R. where gamers and creators can meet, share (c) RSPQ (d) QRSP
Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (a)
9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (c)
17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (b) 21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c)
25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (c) 31. (c) 32. (c)
33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (c) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (d) 39. (a) 40. (d)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (d)
49. (a) 50. (d) 51. (d) 52. (b) 53. (a) 54. (d) 55. (c) 56. (c)
57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (c) 60. (a) 61. (d) 62. (c) 63. (a) 64. (d)
65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (d) 68. (a) 69. (a) 70. (b) 71. (c)
EXPLANATION
1. (b) Sentences dks i<+us ij ge ikrs gSa fdRainfallbuesa • 'D' esa'Scythia' dksintroduce fd;k x;k gSA vr%
ds process dks le>k;k x;k gSA vr% Paragraph 'D' gekjkStarting point gSA bl izdkj 'DCBA'
rainfall ij dsfUnzr gS] ftlls Li"V gSstarting fd correct order gSA
sentence esa Hkh bldk ftØ fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA tks fd
sentence 'A' and 'D' esa given gSA 4. (d) 'P' ,d introductory part gSA vr%
'P' first esa vk;sxkA
• Sentence 'A' esa'this water' dks ns[kus ls ;g Li"V 'P' esa dgh x;h ckr dk'S' esahowever ds lkFk
gksrk gS fd ;gstarting ugah gksxkA contrast fn[k;k x;k gSA vr%
'PS' ,d mandatory
• 'D' esa heavier rainfall dksintroduce fd;k x;k gS rFkk pair gSA vr%
'PSQR' correct order gSA
A, B and C esa bldhProcess ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA 5. (d) 'R' esa'This' pronoun ls Li"V gS fd ;gstarting
vr%'D' starting point gSA bl izdkj
option (b) correct point ugha cusxkA blh 'Q'
izdkj
esa'also' word ls Li"V
answer gSA vr% 'DCBA' correct order gSA
gS fd ;g Hkhstarting point ugha gksxkA bl izdkj
2. (c) Sentence dks ns[kus ij ge ikrs gSa 'C' fd
esa'Johnny'
option (a) and (c) eliminate gks tkrs gSaA
uked O;fDr dks introduce fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'B' and
'D' esaJohnny' dksrefer djus ds fy;sPronoun dk vc gekjs ikl 2 options gSa tks
'P' ls start gks jgs rFkk
use fd;k x;k gS] ftlls Li"V gS fd 'C', 'B' and 'D' nksuksa esa
'RS'gh
Pair given gSA blfy, ge ;g <w<+us es
ds igys vk;sxkA tksonlyfd option (c) easgiven gSA viuk time waste ugha djsxsa'RS'fd ,d mandatory
vr% 'ACDB' correct answer gSA pair gSA
(Reference point - 1) 'P' esaWular lake (noun) dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr%
3. (d) Option dks ns[kus ij ge ikrs gSa fd bl
questions esa blds just ckn'Q' ugha vk;sxk] D;ksafd
'Q' eas Hkh
'Wular
gesaonly starting point dksfind djus dh vko';drk lake' (noun) dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA
gSA Noun dh Repetition dks jksdus ds fy;spronoun
ge
• 'A', 'B' & 'C' rhuksa
sentences 'Pronoun' ls start dk use djrs gSaA vr% option (d) correct answer
gks jgs gSaA vr% ;s point ugha cusxsaA
starting gSA

SSC Steno 2022

Direction: Sentences of a paragraph are given below. enjoys an enhanced value; and further, that
While the first and the last sentences (S1 and S6) the purchaser usually takes the paper home
are in the correct order, the sentences in between where it is perused by the whole household.
are jumbled up. Arrange the sentences in the R. It has, by reason of its size and the facilities,
correct order to form a meaningful and coherent which it affords for the use of colour, a very
paragraph. powerful effect on the public mind.
1. S1. Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon S. It must, however, be remembered that the
dioxide and hydrogen with others. attention received by a newspaper is much
A. Biogas is produced by anaerobic degradation closer and more intimate than that accorded
of animal wastes (some plant wastes) in to a poster.
presence of water. S6. If more is desired than the instantaneous
impact on the mind, the advertising value of
B. Thus, biogas is a non-polluting, clean and
the poster falls sharply.
low cost fuel.
C. Anaerobic degradation means breakdown of SSC STENO - 17/11/2022 SHIFT-I
organic matter, which is done, in the absence (a) QSPR (b) PQRS
of oxygen. (c) RPSQ (d) RPQS
D. It is mostly used in rural areas where ample 4. S1. Besides, there is something
animal and agricultural waste is available. A. which makes him feel
S6. Biogas eliminates the risk of health hazards B. the wholeness of a thing
offered by other fuels.
C. in the outlook of an Englishman
SSC STENO - 17/11/2022 SHIFT-III
D. as the mere sum of its states
(a) DABC (b) CBDA
S6. and attributes for the time being.
(c) ACBD (d) BDAC
2. S1. Sariska National Park is a wildlife sanctuary, SSC STENO - 17/11/2022 SHIFT-I)
which is located at a distance of around 107 (a) BDCA (b) BCDA
km from Jaipur. (c) BACD (d) CABD
A. The park has historical monuments and 5. S1. Time has made the face
temples.
A. and it remains so
B. These depict the legacy of the Kings of Alwar.
B. that is being put on it
C. Both carnivores and herbivores are found in
the place. C. in spite of the lipstick
D. The park is bigger than Ranthambore D. of my country stark, chastened and sad
National Park. S6. by the hand of the spiritual half-castes.
S6. The Tad Vriksh (palm tree) is usually found SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-IV
at this place.
(a) CBDA (b) CADB
SSC STENO - 17/11/2022 SHIFT-IV
(c) DACB (d) CDAB
(a) DCAB (b) CBAD
6. S1. Stonehenge is a historic site in southern
(c) BDAC (d) ADBC
England.
3. S1. The poster ranks high as a medium of
A. It is a religious shrine.
publicity.
P. Advertisement can be displayed before a B. At first there was only a circular mound.
much larger number of persons for a longer C. This was dug in 1900 BC.
time by means of a poster than by the D. The familiar circle of giant stones was added
expenditure of the same amount of money in 400 years later.
the Press, and it is, therefore, often found to S6. These stones weighed about 26 tons each.
be the better means of keeping them in the
public eye. SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-IV
Q. Nor must it be forgotten that a newspaper is (a) CDBA (b) BCDA
bought by the reader, and on that account (c) ABCD (d) DBAC

7. S1. A library is a systematic and organised 9. S1. It is said that health is wealth.
collection of informational resources. A. He uses his health for work.
A. These resources are made accessible to a B. He doesn't talk about his health.
defined community for their reference or
C. A healthy person can do his work well.
borrowing.
D. He reads about medi cal colu mns in
B. It provides physical or digital access to the
newspapers and watches television programs.
users.
S6. He does not even imagine being ill.
C. The y al so faci li tate g rou p stu dy an d
collaboration. SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-I
D. A l ibrary's col lection incl udes boo ks, (a) BDCA (b) CDBA
periodicals, newspapers, etc. (c) ABCD (d) DCBA
S6. Libraries range in size from a few shelves to Direction: Sentences of a paragraph are given below
several items. in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the
correct order to form a meaningful and coherent
SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-I
paragraph.
(a) ACDB (b) ACBD
10. A. Due to this, social approaches too have
(c) ABDC (d) ABCD changed a lot.
8. S1. Under normal conditions, B. Social reformers have brought in significant
A. talk of nothing in particular changes in society.
B. he would welcome us with a smile, C. But a complete transformation is yet awaited
C. crack a joke or two, even after centuries.
D. for a couple of minutes D. We are now witnessing transformations on a
S6. and then state the actual business. larger scale.
SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-I SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-IV
(a) ABCD (b) BCAD (a) BACD (b) CDAB
(c) ADCB (d) ACDB (c) BADC (d) CDBA
Answer Key
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7.(d) 8. (b)
9. (b) 10. (c)
EXPLANATION
1. (c) Opening sentence esa'Biogas' dksintroduce fd;k comparison 'press' ls djrs gq, bls'press' ls better
x;k gS rFkk'A' esa bldksource crk;k x;k gSA vr%
A crk;k x;k gSA vr%
'P' first esa vk;sxk] tksonly
fd option
first esa vk;sxkA (b) esagiven gSA bl izdkj 'PQRS' correct order gSA
blds vfrfjDr ge ns[krs gS fd 'A' esaanaerobic 4. (a) 'A' esa'him' pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr% blds
degradation dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'C' esa bldk igys gesa mlnoun dksmention djuk gksxk] ftlds
vFkZ le>k;k x;k gSA bl izdkj AC ,d mandatory fy, 'him' pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA
pair gSA vr% 'ACBD' correct order gSA
'C' esa'an Englishman fn;k x;k gS ftls'A' esa'him'
2. (a) 'A' esa'historical monuments and temple' dk ftØ
pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA
fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'B' esa bUgha ds'These'
fy, pronoun
dk use fd;k x;k gSA bl izdkj 'AB' ,d mandatory vr% 'CA' ,d mandatory pair gSA tks fd option (a)
pair gS] tks fdonly option (a) esagiven gSA vr% and (d) esagiven gSA
'DCAB' correct order gSA 'A' esa'feel' verb ds fy, object dh vko';drk gS vr%
3. (b) Opening sentence ds vuqlkj]Poster dksPublicity ;g last esa ugha vk;sxkA bloption
izdkj eliminate gks
dk vPNk ekè;e crk;k x;k gS rFkk
'P' esa bldk tkrk gSA vr%
'CABD' correct order gSA

SSC DP HCM 2022

Direction: Sentences of a paragraph are given below so that they can treat children fairly and
in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the understandingly, when they fail to have the
correct order to form a meaningful and coherent attention of the kids.
paragraph. B. Parents always blame their kids or feel bad
1. A. Inviting quotations for purchase of goods is when their kids do not pay any attention to
a good practice. their words.
B. Simultaneously, corruption can also be C. Paying full attention towards a specific thing
checked. is also difficult for elderly people, but unlike
C. Hence a proper structuring of expenses can children, it is because many more things
be established. keep racing in their minds.
D. By doing this a competitive rate can be D. The fact is that kids pay a hundred percent
finalised. attention when they are playing or doing
something creative. So, naturally, they do not
SSC STENO - 18/11/2022 SHIFT-I
heed, and thus cannot wear their parents' or
1. ACBD 2. ADBC elders' call.
3. DBCA 4. DBAC SSC DP HCM - 10/10/2022 SHIFT-II
2. A. The average person has about one to one and (a) ADBC (b) ACBD
a half gallons of a liquid inside his or her
(c) BDAC (d) CABD
body called blood.
5. A. I am not an early riser.
B. The circulatory system is responsible for the
movement of blood throughout the body B. But all my excitement was gone the next
through blood vessels. morning as it was 8 in the morning when I
woke up.
C. Blood is the most essential and important
part of the body's circulatory system. C. It was pleasant to see the sun rising in the
sky, birds chirping on the branches of trees.
D. The heart is the pump that makes it all
happen. D. The experience was so awesome that I
decided to wake up early every morning.
SSC DP HCM - 10/10/2022 SHIFT-I
E. By chance, one fine Sunday morning I woke
(a) ADCB (b) ABDC up at 5.
(c) ACBD (d) CABD F. I still enjoy sleeping till late and could never
3. A. It accounts for the adaptation and evolution turn myself to an early-riser.
of organisms, those innumerable features SSC DP HCM - 10/10/2022 SHIFT-II
that so wonderfully equip them for survival
(a) ECDB (b) EDCB
and reproduction.
(c) ECBD (d) BCDE
B. It is by way of this passive choosing, this
natural selection, that the physical features 6. A. Estonia rolled over and sank in a cold,
of an entire population come to change over stormy night.
time. B. Of tho se w ho manag ed to scramble
overboard, only 139 survived.
C. Furthermore, it accounts for the divergence
of species from common ancestors and thus C. It went down so quickly that most of those
for the endless diversity of life. on board, caught in their dark, flooding
cabins, had no chance to save themselves.
D. The theory of natural selection is the
D. Naval architects never claim that a ship is
centrepiece of On the Origin of Species and
unsinkable, but the sinking of the passenger
of evolutionary theory.
and car ferry Estonia in the Baltic surely
SSC DP HCM - 10/10/2022 SHIFT-I should have never happened.
(a) DACB (b) BACD SSC DP HCM - 10/10/2022 SHIFT-III
(c) ABDC (d) DCAB (a) BCAD (b) DACB
4. A. Parents need to understand this simple fact (c) ABDC (d) DABC

EXPLANATION
1. (b) 'A' esagiven 'Inviting question' ds fy, 'D' esa'this' 8. (d) A esa'Many problems' rFkk'C' esa'the two most
pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr%
'AD' ,d recognised problems' terms dks ns[kdj Li"V gS fd
mandatory pair gSA A, C ls igys vk;sxkA vr%
option (a) eliminate gks
blds vfrfjDr 'C' esa'hence' word dk use fd;k x;k tk;sxkA

gS tks fdresult dksshow djrk gSA vr% 'C' last esa 'C' esagiven "teenage drinking and driving and
vk;sxkA bl izdkj
"ADBC" correct order gSA teen suicide" ds fy, gS'B' esa'These pronoun dk
use fd;k x;k gSA vr% CB ,d mandatory pair gSA
(Reference point -18)
'D' last esa vk;sxk] D;ksafd 'B' blesa
esagiven two
2. (c) 'A' esa'Blood' dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'C' esa bls vkxs
problems dksaddress djus dh ckr dh x;h gSA vr%
describe fd;k x;k gSA bl izdkj 'AC' ,d mandatory
'BD' pair cusxkA bl izdkj 'ACBD' correct order gSA
pair gS] tks fdonly option (c) esagiven gSA vr%
9. (a) 'C' esa'responses' dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk 'D' esa
'ACBD' correct order gSA
'These responses' dks ns[kdj ;g Li"V gS 'CD' fd
3. (a) 'D' esagiven "The theory of natural selection" ds pair cusxk tks fd only option (a) esagiven gSA vr%
fy, other sentences esa'it' pronoun dk use fd;k 'ACBD' correct order gSA
x;k gSA vr% 'D' starting point gSA
10. (b) 'C' esa ,d fnu dk ftØ fd;k x;k gS rFkk passage iwjs
'A' esa dgh x;h ckr esa
addition dksshow djrs gq, 'C' ml fnu dh ?kVuk ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA 'C' vr%
esafurther never dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr% 'AC' ,d starting point gSA blds vfrfjDr 'B' esafinally' word
mandatory pair gSA bl izdkj 'DACB' correct order dks ns[kus ls Li"V gS 'B' fd
last esa vk;sxkA 'CDAB'
vr%
gSA correct order gSA
4. (c) 'A' esa'this simple fact' dks ns[kus ls Li"V gS fd 11. ;g (a) 'A' esa'once upon a time' dh ckr dh x;h gS rFkk
starting point ugha gSA other sentences esapresent ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA
'C' esa'also' dks ns[kdj ge dg ldrs gS fd ;g Hkh

vr% 'A' starting point gksxkA
starting point ugha cusxkA option vr% (c) correct (Reference point - 8)
answer gS rFkk 'BDAC' correct order gSA 'C' esa crk;k x;k gS fd vktdylearning process
5. (a) 'D' esa crk;k x;k gS fd eSaus
daily tYnh mBus dk fu.kZ; and classrooms ds structure esa èkhjs&èkhjs ifjorZu
fy;kA blh ckr dkcontrast fn[kkrs gq, B esa'but' dk

jgk gSA 'D' & 'B' esa blh ifjorZu dks describe fd;k x;k
gSA vr% C, D and B ls igys vk;sxkA tks option fd
iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA vr% 'DB' ,d mandatory pair gSA
(a) esagiven gSA vr% 'ACDB' correct order gSA
tks fd only option (a) esagiven gSA bl izdkj 'ECDB'
correct order gSA 12. (c) 'B' esacryptocurrency' dksintroduce fd;k x;k gS
rFkk'C' esa bldks vkxsdescribe fd;k x;k gSA vr% 'BC'
6. (b) 'D' esa'Ferry Estonia' 'A' esa'Estonia' rFkk'C' esa
,d mandatory pair gS tks fdoption (a) and (c) esa
blds fy, 'It' pronoun dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr% D,
given gSA
A and C ls igys vk;sxkA
A esagiven 'blockchain' ds fy, 'D' esa'This Chain'
'C' esaEstonia' ds Mwcus dh ?kVuk ds ckjs esa crk;k x;kterm dk use fd;k x;k gSA vr% 'AD' ,d mandatory
gS rFkk 'A' esa bl ?kVuk ls thfor cps yksxksa dh la[;k pair gSA bl izdkj 'BCAD' correct answer gSA
ckrkbZ x;h gSA 'C', vr%A ls igys vk;sxkA bl izdkj
13. (b) 'C' ,d introductory sentence gSA vr% 'C' starting
"DACB" correct order gSA
esa vk;sxkA
7. (d) 'B' ,d introductory sentence gS tgk¡ place and 'C' esa crk;k x;k gS English
fd nqfu;k dh yxHkx ,d
harmony dksintroduce fd;k x;k gSA pkSFkkbZ
population }kjk cksyh tkus okyh language gSA
vr% 'B' starting point gS tks fdonly option (d) esa "D' esa bldhpopularity dk reason crk;k x;k gSa vr%
given gSA bl izdkj 'BDCA' correct order gSA 'CD' pair cusxkA bl izdkj "CDBA" correct order gSA

Sentence Rearrangement Practice
SSC CGL Mains 2021

Direction: Given below are four sentences in SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
jumbled order. Pick the option that gives their
(a) ADBC (b) CADB
correct order.
1. A. I kept quiet about it though because I didn't (c) DACB (d) DBCA
want to sound grumpy. 5. A. And every time I stood under the shower, she
B. We were helping at a nature reserve for a week. shouted, “Don't waste water.”
C. I was getting a bit fed up because we had B. She had poisoned my mind with the lectures
cheese sandwiches for every meal as the cook- on social awareness, equal rights for the poor,
ing team knew no better. India's socio-ecological problems.
D. When it was my team’s turn to cook, we made C. Every time I was about to take my first bite of
a simple dinner of pasta and salad which was a hot buttered Roti she reminded me of the
devoured in no time. starving millions in our country and in the
whole wide world.
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
D. It was Priyanka's fault - that stupid sister of
(a) BDCA (b) BCAD
mine- the social activist.
(c) ACDB (d) CDAB
2. A. An allergy is a reaction of the immune system
to a substance which is normally harmless. (a) ADBC (b) CDAB
B. These antibodies then attach themselves to (c) DBCA (d) DACB
cells, which contain histamine, which Inflames 6. A. Another advantage is that we can have an
the tissues. opportunity to learn to speak a new language
C. One-third of us are affected by an allergy at fluently.
some point in our lives. B. The main advantage of living somewhere else
D. The immune system in allergy sufferers makes is that you get the opportunity to experience
antibodies against harmless substances be- new cultures.
cause it believes them to be dangerous. C. Of course, living away from home has its dis-
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022 advantage too, such as being away from
(a) DCAB (b) ACBD friends and family for long periods of time.
(c) CBDA (d) CADB D. Should we live in one place for all our life or
experience living in different places?
3. A. He went up to the king, bowed and presented
a velvet case. SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
B. The king invited the men to make their pre- (a) DCAB (b) BCAD
sentations. (c) DBAC (d) BDAC
C. The court-room was packed with people. 7. A. These fields in the countryside have often been
D. Krishna Kumar was the first to come forward. treated with pesticides which are harmful to
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022 bees.
(a) CBDA (b) CDAB B. There is a new buzz in towns and cities in
Great Britain.
(c) DACB (d) ADBC
C. Bee-keepers living in the towns have begun to
4. A. We have fl ower arrang emen ts to su it
outnumber those in the country because
everybody at all prices.
plants growing in towns can offer more excit-
B. We also make paying easy, and we accept all ing nectar than fields in the countryside.
major credit cards at our shops or you can
D. Bee-keeping, normally practised by people liv-
pay online.
ing in the country, has become a fashionable
C. Whether it is birthdays, weddings, or even the hobby for those who live and work in the cities.
sad times like funerals, Fancy Flowers is there
to make it easy. SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
D. Established in 2002, Fancy Flowers has (a) CBAD (b) BDCA
branches all over the country. (c) CDAB (d) BCAD

8. A. Thus, Daphne cannot resist the opportunity 12. A. In 1943, sudden retrenchment from his office
to scold them about their behaviour. due to the war cost him his nine year old job.
B. The children have been annoying each other B. In 1934, Patol Babu gave up his factory job
just before the meal starts. and came to Calcutta with his wife.
C. Daphne's family mealtimes are usually tense C. Ever since, Patol Babu had struggled to make
because this is a time when conflicts in the a living.
family surface. D. The sailing was smooth for some years and
D. Also, they are rude about the food she has Patol Babu was in his boss’s good books.
cooked, and Daphne gets upset by this. SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022 (a) ADBC (b) CBDA
(a) BACD (b) CBDA (c) DACB (d) BDAC
(c) BCAD (d) CDAB 13. A. The last exam of the year was history, which
9. A. Gopu was not allowed into the main temple had always been my worst subject.
shrine. B. So, I decided to write the dates and names of
the important events on the inside of my arm.
B. But Gopu did not mind his work.
C. This happened when I was about 14 years old.
C. Pandit Ji had given him a little room in the
D. I was useless at remembering dates and
courtyard of the temple and this was the only
people’s names.
place he could call his own.
D. He would sit every evening outside the temple SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
to look after the shoes and slippers of the devo- (a) CADB (b) DBCA
tees. (c) CBDA (d) ACBD
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022 14. A. It is celebrated on November 5th usually.
(a) ADBC (b) DACB B. A man called Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the
King with gunpowder over 400 years ago.
(c) CBDA (d) ABCD
C. A couple of days after you arrive we'll have
10. A. New research, however, has found that bilin- Bonfire Night.
gual children speak their first fifty words and
D. It's only held in England as it marks a mo-
so on, at the same age as children who only
ment in our history.
speak one language.
B. Until fairly recently, parents and teachers
feared that introducing children to a second (a) CADB (b) BDAC
language when they were very young could (c) CBDA (d) BACD
delay their language skills. 15. A. courtyard enclosed the little room where the
C. Furthermore, there is no evidence that chil- deity was kept.
dren confuse the two languages. B. Nayan stood at the entrance and looked in with
amazement.
D. In addition, there were fears that bilingual chil-
C. The forest grew thicker as she walked and then
dren would become confused in their use of
Nayan caught her first glimpse of the temple.
language.
D. It was an ancient structure and the grey stone
SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022 walls were covered with moss.
(a) ABDC (b) BADC SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022
(c) ACDB (d) BDAC (a) ADBC (b) CBDA
11. A. Miss Tredg old rapped on the door twice with (c) CDAB (d) DACB
her gloved knuckle. 16. A. He never jumped or ran to chase another dog.
B. A few moments passed before the door opened B. They looked very peaceful, the old man and
to reveal a man in grey sweater and blue jeans. his dog.
C. Florentyna stood by her side, silent for the C. Every day at a few minutes past 5 o'clock they
first time since leaving school. passed by our house and went down the street
to the park.
D. At last they came to a halt outside a newly painted
red door which displayed the number 118. D. The dog walked a few steps ahead of his master,
slow and steady as if he were held on a leash.
(a) DBCA (b) DACB (a) CABD (b) BADC
(c) CDAB (d) ADBC (c) ADCB (d) BCDA

17. A. I had reached the most exciting part of my (a) BCAD (b) ACDB
Agatha Christie novel. (c) ABCD (d) BDAC
B. He was presently gruelling the Duchess seated
19. A. He had agreed to feed him, pay him twelve ru-
in the arm chair.
pees a month, and find him somewhere to stay.
C. Hercule Poirot had managed to get together
all his suspects in one room and in his great B. A month’s salary was paid in advance.
style was cornering them into confession. C. Fotik had learned to handle his job quite well
D. She had become extremely nervous and was in the last five days.
on the verge of a breakdown. D. Upen Babu was a good man which had helped
(SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022) a lot.
(SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022)
(a) CBAD (b) ADBC
(a) CBDA (b) DACB
(c) CDAB (d) ACBD
(c) CDAB (d) ADBC
18. A. It was interesting to find out that the centre 20. A. He tried covering himself from head to foot
operates 24 hours a day all year round. with a sheet, but that was suffocating, so he
B. The recent trip to the recycling centre was a gave up.
very useful experience. B. To his relief, Upen Babu found him a mos-
quito net.
C. However, it was surprising to learn that the
centre only collects 50% of the waste as a lot C. The next morning he told Upen Babu about
of it is used as landfill. his problem.
D. Mosquitoes did not let him sleep the first night.
D. The main aim of the visit was to find out about
the systems put in place to recycle waste. (SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022)
(a) DACB (b) ADBC
(SSC CGL MAINS 08/08/2022)
(c) DCBA (d) CDAB
Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (b)
9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (c)
17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (a)
EXPLANATION
1. (b) 'A' sentence esa
'it' dkuse gqvk gS tks'C' fd esa vk;s okD;4. (c) 'D' introductory ('kq:okrh)sentence gS D;ksafd blesa
"I was getting a bit fed up" ds fy, vk;k gS rksCA ,d 'Faney flowers' uke dhcompany dksintroduce
pair cu tkrk gSA blfy, fliZQ
'a' ;k 'b' gh mÙkjldrs
gks gSA fd;k x;k gSA blfy,'D' lcls igys vk;sxkA
'D' esaDinner dh ckr dgh xbZ gS 'C' esa fnu ds ckdh 'B' esa fy[kk x;k"We gS also make paying easy"
meals dh ckr gSDay ds sequence ls C igys vkSj D ftlesa fy[ks'Also' (tksIdeas dksconnect djrk gS) ls
ckn esa gksxk blfy,
'b' lgh mÙkj gSA irk pyrk gS fd'B' ls igys Hkh oqQN easy cukus dh ckr
2. (d) 'B' esa
'these antibodies' fy[kk ]gS
'these' D sentence dh xbZ gksxh tks FkksM+k è;ku 'C'nsus
ds var
ij gesa
esa vk;s
esa vk;santibodies ds fy, vk;k gS erycDB ,d t:jh 'easy' ls le> vk tk;sxh eryc ;s gqvk fdC tks gS oks'B'
pair gS tks fd option 'd' CADB esa ]gS blfy, ;s lgh ls igys vk;sxk vkSj ge tkurs 'D'gS
ls start djuk gS vkSj
Answer gksxkA ;s nksuksa
conditions gesa cl fodYi'd' 'DACB' esa feyrh
3. (a) Krishna Kumar – He (Noun – Pronoun) gSA
Noun Pronoun Relation ls irk pyrk gS fdDA ,d pair 5.(c) 'D' opening sentence gksxk D;ksafd
'D' esa
Priyanka
gS(option 'a' eliminated) (Reference point- 01) dk uke gS ckdh gj txg mlds fy,pronoun (She) fn;k
'B' esa
invite djus dh ckr dh xbZ gS viuh
Presentation gS(Noun – Pronoun relation). A 'and' ls start gS
nsus ds fy, vkSj
'A' esa mlus ,d
velvet case' present vkSj'and' ,d co-ordinating conjunction gS tks
fd;k gS vkSj gesa ges'kk gh igysdjsxk dksbZ ckn esa oqQN same rank structure dks tksM+rk
invite 'A' gS
esa rFkk
'C' esa
present djsaxs blfy,B igys vk;sxk tks fliZQ fodYi
'a' nksuksa esa time vk;k gS blfy,CA ,d pair gksxkA
every
'CBDA' esa gSA tksfd cl fodYi 'd' (DBCA) eas gSA

SSC CGL Pre 2021

Direction: Sentences of a paragraph are given below (c) ACBD (d) CABD
in jumbled order. Arrange the sentences in the 5. A. Schools are closed for the Christmas and
correct order to form a meaningful and coherent winter break at this time of the year.
paragraph.
B. Christmas and New Year are the time of the
1. A. They can help you to decide the right
year to celebrate.
products for you.
C. All over the city, winter carnivals and Christ-
B. Advertisements can be extremely useful if they
mas bazaars lend fun and warmth in the cold.
are honest.
C. Teenagers are especially vulnerable to such D. For the second time in a row, we are likely to
advertisements. see restrained celebrations for fear of the pan-
demic raising its ugly head again.
D. However, some advertisements may be
harmful as they try to befool you. SSC CGL PRE 12/04/2022 SHIFT–03
SSC CGL PRE 11/04/2022 SHIFT–02 (a) BADC (b) BACD
(a) CDAB (b) BADC (c) ABCD (d) BCDA
(c) BCAD (d) CADB 6. A. It is a Park quite different from any other we
2. A. Our amusements have little zest if we engage have seen.
in them in solitude. B. One difference is that it is made from nearly
B. Friendship increases happiness and dimin- 250 tons of scrap.
ishes misery. C. Another difference is that it is powered by wind
C. It doubles our joys and divides our grief. and solar energy
D. When we do well, it is delightful to have friends D. A new Park called Bharat Darshan Park has
who are pleased with our success. been thrown open to the public in New Delhi.
SSC CGL PRE 11/04/2022 SHIFT–03 SSC CGL PRE 13/04/2022 SHIFT–01
(a) BCDA (b) ABDC (a) ACDB (b) DABC
(c) CBAD (d) DACB (c) BACD (d) DBCA
3. A. However, when areas in Leh began to 7. A. But, in developed societies, the childhood and
experience water shortages, life didn’t grind adolescence is extended.
to a halt. B. In rural communities, the customs are more
B. Ladakh is a cold desert with a low average uniform.
annual rainfall.
C. This provides more opportunities for educa-
C. Thus, glaciers have been the main source of tion and character development.
water for the people.
D. The practices of child rearing vary from cul-
D. This was because Chewang Norphel, a retired
ture to culture.
civil engineer came up with the idea of artifi-
cial glaciers. SSC CGL PRE 13/04/2022 SHIFT–02
SSC CGL PRE 12/04/2022 SHIFT–01 (a) DABC (b) BADC
(a) CBDA (b) BCAD (c) DBAC (d) BCDA
(c) DABC (d) BCDA 8. A. Finally, it can be termed as the channel for
4. A. The interest rates offered depends on the bank, all trade, and what is more important, of all
deposit amount and the tenure you choose. ideas.
B. It not only helps you to save money but also B. It also provides framework to all economic de-
helps you to earn a substantial interest on it. velopment.
C. One of the best ways to secure your money is C. It is the road which determines the site of many
by investing in fixed deposits. cities and the growth and nourishment of all.
D. Under the fixed deposit scheme, the depositor D. The road is one of the great fundamental in-
deposits the money only once at the time of stitutions of mankind.
opening the account. SSC CGL PRE 13/04/2022 SHIFT–03
SSC CGL Pre 12/04/2022 SHIFT–02 (a) CABD (b) DCBA
(a) CDBA (b) ADCB (c) BDAC (d) DBAC

17. A. Thus, shared laughter is one of the most C. A huge plane was forced to crash land when
effecti ve tools in main tain ing heal thy its landing gear got stuck.
relationships. D. They were amazed when they discovered what
B. Emotional sharing builds strong and lasting bonds. had caused the mechanical failure.
C. It also helps in healing resentments and hurt. SSC CGL PRE 21/04/2022 SHIFT–02
D. But sharing laughter brings joy and freshness
to relationships. (a) DBAC (b) BADC
SSC CGL PRE 20/04/2022 SHIFT–03 (c) ACBD (d) CADB
(a) BCAD (b) DCBA 20. Sentences of a paragraph are given below.
While the first and the last sentences are in
(c) DCAB (d) BDCA
correct order, the sentences in between are
18. A. The British were exploiting the indigo farmers jumbled up. Arrange the sentences in the right
in the area. order to form a meaningful and coherent
B. He lived in the district until the exploitation paragraph.
of the farmers was successfully stopped.
S1. Ram Mohan was a lover of his country.
C. Gandhiji’s Satyagraha for India’s Indepen-
dence began with the famous ‘Champaran P. David said that it would be a good plan to have
movement’ in Bihar. an English school and college.
D. So, Gandhiji visited Motihari, the district head- Q. He was talking with David about uplifting the
quarters of Champaran, in 1917 to protest mind of Indians.
against the British. R. So, he also thought that this subject was very
SSC CGL PRE 21/04/2022 SHIFT–01 interesting.
(a) ADBC (b) CABD S. David also had a strong bond with India.
(c) ACBD (d) CADB S6. Indians and Europeans met next year to put
this idea into shape.
19. A. Expert mechanics laboured over the plane for
three hours. SSC CGL PRE 21/04/2022 SHIFT–03)
B. A small nut had fallen into a channel which (a) QSRP (b) SRPQ
prevented the gear from moving. (c) RPQS (d) RSPQ
Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b)
9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (a)
17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (a)
EXPLANATION
1. (b) ge Sentence 'B' ls 'kq: djsaxs D;ksafdadvertise-
blesa Cause-Effect relation crkrs gSaA vr%
Answer,
ments dksintroduce fd;k x;k gSA Sentence 'C' esa Option, (b) BCAD gSA
'Such advertisements' dk iz;ksx Sentence 'D' ds 4. (a) ge Sentence 'C' ls 'kq# djsxsa] D;skafd ;g ,d
'Some advertisements' ds fy, gqvk gSA vr% DC Descriptive Sentence gSASentence 'D' esa
,d Mandatory pair gSA Option (b) BADC esa gh Sentence 'C' dk Context feyrk gSA CD ,d
dsoy DC ,d lkFk vkSjB ls 'kq#vkr gS vr% Answer mandatory pair gSA vr%Answer, Option, (a)
(b) BADC gh gSA CDBA gh mÙkj gSA
2. (a) ge Sentence 'B' ls 'kq# djsaxsA
Sentence 'B' lcls 5. (b) ge Sentence 'B' ls 'kq# djsxsa] ;g ,d
Introductory
T;knk'Descriptive' gSA'Sentence 'C' esa iz;qDr
'It' Sentence gSABA ,d Mandatory Pair gSA CD Hkh
Sentence 'B' ds 'friendship' ds fy, gqvk gSA vr% ,d Mandatory Pair gSA
'BC ,d Mandatory Pair gSA vr% Answer option Sentence 'C' esa crk;k x;k gS fd iwjs 'kgj esa B.Mh
(a) BCDA gSA ekSle esa [kq'kh vk tkrk gSA
3. (b) 'However', 'Thus' vkSj'This' yxk gksus ls Øe'k%
(A), Sentence 'D' esa crk;k x;k gS fd egkekjh dh otg ls
(C) vkSj('D') ls ge 'kq: ugha dj ldrs gSaA
Sentence ,slk yxkrkj nwljh ckj gksxk tc ges eukus ij FkksM
'B' ls ge 'kq#vkr djsaxsA ns[kus dks feysxhA vr% (b) 'BACD' ghAnswer
Option,
Sentence AD ,d mandatory Pair gS D;ksafd ;s gSA

SSC CHSL 2021

Direction: Given below are four sentences which are (a) DCAB (b) DACB
jumbled. Pick the option that gives their correct (c) CABD (d) ABCD
order. 4. A. His mother, whose name no one knows, is
1. A. Because the educational institution's teaching found on the street, and dies just after
staff is actively involved. Oliver’s birth.
B. Curricular or academic activities refer to B. After the other boys bully Oliver into asking
activities that cover the specified courses of for more gruel at the end of a meal, Mr.
study. Bumble offers five pounds to anyone who will
C. These exercises are an essential component take the boy away from the workhouse.
of the overall educational curriculum. C. Oliver Twist is born in a workhouse in 1830s
D. In layman's terms, ‘curricular activities’ are England.
activities that take place within the classroom. D. Oliver spends the first nine years of his life
in a badly run home for young orphans and
SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 SHIFT-1
then is transferred to a workhouse for
(a) CDBA (b) BDCA adults.
(c) DABC (d) DBCA SSC CHSL 25/05/2022 SHIFT-3
2. A. The first time that I was seated behind a (a) CBDA (b) CDAB
curtain in a dining car, I felt as if the curtain
(c) BDCA (d) CADB
had been dropped on my selfhood and could
5. A. Their brother, John, is more blatantly hostile
never adjust to the separate waiting rooms,
to Jane, reminding her that she is a poor
separate eating places, separate rest rooms,
dependent of his mother.
partly because the separate was always
unequal, and partly because the very idea of B. Orphaned as an infant, Jane Eyre lives at
Gateshead with her aunt, Sarah Reed, as the
separation did something to my sense of
novel opens.
dignity and self-respect.
C. Her female cousins, Georgiana, and Eliza,
B. One Sunday, we went to church in Simsbury,
tolerate, but don't love her.
and we were the only Negroes there and on
D. Jane is ten years old, an outsider in the Reed
Sunday mornings I was the religious leader
family.
and spoke on any text I wanted to 107 boys.
C. Just before going to college I went to SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 SHIFT-1
Simsbury, Connecticut, and worked for a (a) DCAB (b) DBCA
whole summer on a tobacco farm to earn a (c) BDCA (d) BACD
little school money to supplement what my 6. A. I went to college from the eleventh grade and
parents were doing. never went to the twelfth grade, and skipped
D. After that summer in Connecticut, it was a another grade earlier, so I was a pretty young
bitter feeling going back to segregation and fellow at Morehouse.
it was hard to understand why I could ride B. At the age of fifteen, I entered Morehouse
wherever I pleased on the train from New College and my father and my maternal
York to Washington and then had to change grandfather had also attended, so Morehouse
to a Jim Crow car at the nation’s capital in has had three generations of Kings.
order to continue the trip to Atlanta. C. The professors were not caught up in the
clutches of state funds and could teach what
SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 SHIFT-2 they wanted with academic freedom and
(a) ADBC (b) BCDA encouraged us in a positive quest for a
(c) CBDA (d) CDBA solution to racial ills.
3. A. is credited with saying D. I shall never forget the hardships that I had
B. do not dry your feet upon entering college, for though I had been
C. If you want to leave your footprint on the one of the top students in high school, I was
sands of time, still reading at only an eighth-grade level.
D. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, former President of SSC CHSL 25/05/2022 SHIFT-2
India. (a) BDAC (b) ABDC
SSC CHSL 24/05/2022 SHIFT-3 (c) ADBC (d) BADC

41. A. Food blogs are often authored by food D. The greater the popularity of a food blogger,
aficionados, sometimes known as ‘foodies’. the more options for him/her to monetise
B. The blogger can benefit from it if he or she his/her work.
uses it professionally.
SSC CHSL 10/06/2022 SHIFT-2
C. Food bl ogging is fo od journalism that
combines an interest in food, blog writing, (a) DABC (b) CABD
and food photography. (c) BDCA (d) ACBD
Answer Key
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (d)
9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (c)
17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (d)
25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (a) 29. (c) 30. (c) 31. (d) 32. (d)
33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (b)
EXPLANATION
1. (b) Sentence 'C' ds 'kq: esa

"these exercises" fy[kk gqvk3. (b) ;g ,d jumbled sentence gS] vkSj tSlk fd ge tkurs
gS] blfy, ge bl paragraph dks bl sentence ls Hkh gSa fd ,dsentence, subject ls start gksrk gS] vkSj ;gk¡
'kq: ugha dj ldrsA D;ksafd bl
sentence dksuse djus ls Dr. APJ. Abdul Kalam, sentence dk subject gS]
igys gesa ;g crkuk gksxkParagraph
fd esa dkSulh tks fd sentence 'D' esa fn;k x;k gSA
exercise dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA
,d subject ds ckn esa] mldh
verb, use djrs gS vkSj D;ksafd
Sentence 'D' eas
"curricular activities" dh ckr dh subject singular gS] blfy,verb Hkhsingular gksxhA
xbZ gS vkSj ;sexercise
ogha gS ftudksa Sentence 'C' esa
Sentence 'A' esasubject ds fy, "is" verb dksuse
Describe fd;k x;k gSA blfy,
"DC" ,d mandatory
fd;k x;k gSA blfy,"DA" ,d mandatory pair gksxkA
pair gksxkA
tks fd fliZQ
option (b) esa fn;k x;k gSA blfy,
option
Sentence 'B' ,d introductory sentence gS ftlesa
(b) lgh answer gksxkA
"curricular vkSj academic activities" dks
4. (d) Sentence C ,d introductory sentence gS D;kasfd
introduce fd;k x;k gSA
bl sentence esaoliver dk full name fn;k x;k gS vkSj
blfy, bl paragraph dks fliZQ Sentence 'B' ls 'kq#
mlsintroduce fd;k x;k gSA blfy,first sentence C
fd;k tk ldrk gSA vkSj dsoy option (b) ,slk gS] tks
'B'
gksxkA
ls start gks jgk gS rFkk ftlesa"DC" ,d pair Hkh gSA
Sentence 'A' esaOliver ds Birth dks ghdescribe
blfy, option (b) lgh Answer gksxkA
fd;k x;k gS] vkSj
sentence D esa mltime dks crk;k x;k
2. (c) Sentence 'C' esaSimsbury Connecticut tkus dh
gS tc Oliver, 9 years dk FkkA
ckr dh tk jgh gSA vkSj Sentence 'B' esa Simsbury esa
gh ,d Church esa tkus dh ckr dh tk jgh gSA blfy, ;s confirm gS fdsentence A vkSjD, C ds ckn
vk;saxsAoption
tks d esa fn;k x;k gSA[CADB] blfy,
blfy, ;s confirm gS fdsentence 'B', sentence 'C'
option (d) lgh Answer gksxkA
ds ckn esa vk;sxkA ysfdu
option (a) vkSj
(b) esa
sentence
'B', sentence 'C' ds igys fy[kk x;k gSA blfy, option 5. (c) Sentence 'B' ds end esa"The novel opens" fy[kk
(a) vkSj(b), eliminate gks tk;sxsA gqvk gSA tksconfirm
;g djrk gS fd paragraph, 'B'
Sentence 'D' esaConnecticut ls okil ykSVdj vkus sentence ls gh 'kq: gksxkA
dh ckr dh tk jgh gS blfy,sentence 'D', sentence Sentence 'D' ,d describing sentence gS tks fd
'B' vkSj'C' nksuksa ds ckn vk;sxkA Jane ds ckjs esa crk jgk gSA blfy,
D sentence B ds
fliZQ option (c) esa gh
'D' sentence dks'B' vkSj'C' nksuksa ckn esa vk;sxkBD
vkSj,d mandatory pair gksxk blfy,
ds ckn fy[kk x;k gSA blfy, option (c) answer gksxkA option (c) lgh Answer gksxkA

Sentence Rearrangement Previous Years Questions
SSC CGL Mains 2020

Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled 5. A. Some of these attachments can be quite
order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order cumbersome to use.
to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. B. Appliances like food processors come with a
1. A. My father is the only breadwinner in the load of attachments.
family. C. But, finding the right blade and fixing it in
B. My mother happily lends a helping hand in the right slot can be quite a job.
his hard work.
D. For each different vegetable, you need to fix
C. I belong to a family where it is difficult to a different blade.
make both ends meet.
D. He earns a rather meagre amount, working SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022
as a mason. (a) BADC (b) DCAB
SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022 (c) BDAC (d) DACB
(a) CBDA (b) ABCD 6. A. The promotion of congenial relationship at all
(c) ACBD (d) CADB levels of the staff leads to prosperity of the
2. A. I felt embarrassed as if I was somehow organisation.
responsible for the fire in our home. B. Better skills increase the working capacity of
B. In my case, it was no different. employees by promoting better work habits.
C. It always happens that bad news travels C. This includes multiplication of knowledge and
quickly. development of their skills.
D. Everyone in high school was aware of my D. Efficient management aims at qualitative
plight. improvement of its employees.
SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022 SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022
(a) CBDA (b) CDAB (a) DCBA (b) DBAC
(c) ADBC (d) ABCD (c) DCAB (d) DABC
3. A. His role also includes the smooth flow of goods 7. A. "How do you manage to complete so much
from farms and factories to the consumer. work?" he asked the student.
B. As the final link between the producer and B. Looking at the huge pile of books on a
the consumer, he plays a key role in the student's desk, a man said, "What a burden,
economy. my son! I pity you."
C. It is he who promotes or impedes the sale of C. "I focus on only one lesson at a time," the
products. student further added.
D. The retailer determines the final cost of a D. "I don't think of all the work I have to do,"
product.
answered the student.
SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022
SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022
(a) BACD (b) CABD
(a) BDAC (b) BADC
(c) ABCD (d) DCBA
(c) ACDB (d) ACBD
4. A. There are others who claim that they have
8. A. In fact he began his career as a peon in a
never been so well connected.
small firm.
B. However, such social networking sites help us to
keep in touch with old friends or make new ones. B. Before he joined us as the accounts officer,
he was a junior clerk.
C. Whether or not Facebook friendships are
lasting is debatable. C. He learnt typing, accounting and even
graduated.
D. Some people believe that real friendships are
collapsing in modern times. D. But he gradually improved his qualifications.
SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022 SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022
(a) DACB (b) DBCA (a) BADC (b) CBAD
(c) CBAD (d) CDBA (c) BCDA (d) CDAB

Sentence Rearrangement Previous Years Questions
38. A. It was designed by Eugenio Cendoya and 40. A. The boy, who was passionate about nature,
Enric Catà in 1929. knew that he had to walk away slowly not to
B. The Palau National is a building on the hill alarm the animal.
of Montjuïc in Barcelona. B. Twelve-year-old Alessandro was wandering
C. Since 1934 it has been home to the Art among the bushes looking for pine cones,
Museum of Catalonia. when he appeared to be followed by a bear.
D. It was declared a National Museum in 1990. C. Alessandro's mother panicked when she saw
SSC CGL MAINS - 03/02/2022 the bear; however, the boy told her to be
(a) CBDA (b) DCAB silent.
(c) BACD (d) BDCA D. When he had safely entered his house, the
39. A. However, there is no evidence that this train bear stopped following him and disappeared.
or any such trains ever existed and searches SSC CGL MAINS - 03/02/2022
have been fruitless. (a) CBDA (b) DCAB
B. The group is building it in a former wood (c) BACD (d) BDCA
processing factory and so far, the group has
41. A. Arrogance inflames prejudice and hatred, but
built an armoured wagon, which is over 12
metres long. humble speech soothes.
C. Legend has it that in 1945, the Nazis filled a B. Humility is the quality of being courteously
train with up to 300 tons of gold, jewels and respectful of others.
masterpieces and then drove it into secret C. It is the opposite of arrogance, aggressiveness
tunnels in Germany. and vanity.
D. A group of Polish enthusiasts decided to build D. Thus, a humble demeanour is what is
a full-size replica of this legendary train. required to live in peace.
SSC CGL MAINS - 03/02/2022 SSC CGL MAINS - 29/01/2022)
(a) CADB (b) ABDC (a) BCAD (b) DACB
(c) ADBC (d) CBAD (c) ACBD (d) CADB
Answer Key
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a)
9. (a) 10. (d) 11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (b)
17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (b) 21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (b)
25. (c) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (b) 31. (a) 32. (b)
33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (a) 40. (c)
41. (a)
EXPLANATION
1. (d) bl paragraph esa

'C', opening sentence gksxk D;ksafd fn;k x;k gS(CBDA) blfy, option 'a' lgh Answer
blesa'a family' dksintroduce fd;k x;k gSA gksxkA
'A' sentence esa"my father" fy[kk gqvk gS vkSj
'D' 3. (d) bl Paragraph esa
'D' sentence, opening gksxk D;ksafd
sentence esa
'He' pronoun mUgha ds fy, vk;k gSA blesa"retailer" dksintroduce fd;k gSA blds vykok
blfy, 'AD' ,d mandatory pair gksxkA dsoy option lHkhsentences esaretailer ds fy, his, pronoun dks
(d) gh ,slk gS] tks
'C' ls 'kq: gks jgk gS rFkk ftlesa
'AD' ,d use fd;k x;k gSA dsoy option (d) gh ,slk gS] tks
D,
pair gSA blfy,option (d) lgh answer gksxkA sentence ls 'kq: gks jgk gS] blfy,
option (d) (DCBA)
lgh Answer gksxkA
2. (a) bl paragraph esa
C ,d opening sentence gksxk D;ksafd
blesaBad News ls related fact dks crk;k x;k gSA 4. (a) 'D' sentence esa
some fn;k x;k gS vkSj
'A' sentence
esaother fn;k x;k gSA blfy,'DA' ,d mandatory
Sentence 'B', 'A' vkSj'D' ls igys vk;sxk D;ksafd ;g crk
pair gksxk tks option
fd (a) esa fn;k x;k gSA
jgk gS fdstory fdl ckjs esa gS] vkSj
sentence 'A' vkSj
'D' vkxsstory dksdescribe dj jgsa gSA blfy,
'CB' ,d (Reference Point - 9)
starting pair gksxk vkSj dsoyoption (a) esa gh ,slk blfy, option (a) (DACB) lgh Answer gksxkA

Sentence Rearrangement Expected Questions
06
04
CHAPTER 4.2
3.2 Expected Questions
EXERCISES
Direction : The questions below consist of a set of S. A committee will now consider what to do
labelled sentences. Out of the four given options, next, also in a broader sense and concerning
select the most logical order of the sentences to other artw orks and th e way th ey are
form a coherent paragraph. displayed in universities.
1. P. The storm has killed at least 48 people and (a) RQSP (b) PRSQ
is expected to claim more lives after trapping (c) SRQP (d) QSRP
some residents inside their houses. 4. P. He was looking at the Cold War as a primary
Q. Two people also died in their homes in the focus for the book.
Buffalo suburb when emergency crews could Q. Although he was doing that in 2016-17 when
not reach them in time. the U.S.-China tensions were beginning to
escalate.
R. A resident of the suburb named Jeremy
Manahan said that he had been almost 29 R. China was still dependent on the U.S. and
Taiwanese chip technology back then.
hours without electricity.
S. Things have changed since then, now China
S. Freezing conditions from a deadly winter
is independent in the chip sector.
storm in the United States will continue as
(a) SRQP (b) RPQS
it is dealing with massive snow drifts.
(c) QSRP (d) PQRS
(a) SRPQ (b) PRSQ
5. P. Though the hapless vizier is saved from
(c) SPQR (d) PRQS death when the real murderer shows up at
2. P. Malaysia is a popular destination for them, the last minute and confesses.
especially for women who often travel there Q. The vizier fails to work out 'whodunnit', and
for arranged marriages. makes little attempt to crack the case.
Q. Despite knowing the high risks and hazards R. The body of a mutilated woman turns up in
involved of human traffickers, who have a a wooden chest, and the sultan's vizier is
lucrative business organising regular boat charged with solving the crime in three days,
crossings on rickety vessels. or he himself will be executed.
R. Over a million Rohingya Muslims are now S. This is one of the earliest Arabian night
living in the Cox's Bazzar camps, where they detective stories.
fled after violence and persecu tion in (a) PRQS (b) SRQP
Buddhist-majority Myanmar. (c) PQRS (d) SPQR
S. But they are living in increasingly prison- 6. P. Now many people think that governments
like conditions in Rohingya with little should increase the rate and close the
opportunity for education or livelihood. loophole that encourages companies to invest
in more gas and oil.
(a) QSPR (b) PQSR
Q. The company is planning to spend double-
(c) PSQR (d) RSPQ amount on oil and gas projects than on
3. P. A spur of the moment decision by academic renewable investments, which is the main
staff to take down a painting has sparked a reason behind the accusation.
debate in the Netherlands over the cancel R. BP has been accused of prioritising fossil
culture. fuels over green energy.
Q. The committee is expected to return with its S. In case governments don't do so, gas and oil
first piece of advice next year. wil l le ad to mo re e xtre me h eat and
R. The painting on the wall of a university devastating forest fires, floods, and storms.
meeting room had been a topic of discussion (a) QPRS (b) SQRP
for years. (c) RQPS (d) QSRP

S. They are called forever chemicals because 99. P. In 1948, tw o friends we re makin g a
they do not naturally break down, and are documentary about a physicist in Princeton,
linked to cancer, kidney disease, liver New Jersey.
problems, immune disorders and birth
Q. Marilyn Stafford was largely unknown until
defects.
her 90s, when she had a belated and glorious
(a) RSQP (b) QRPS brush with fame.
(c) RSPQ (d) QSPR R. They invited Stafford to go along with them,
97. P. In Florida, nearly 1 million people, or about and asked if she would take his photograph,
one in 17 adult residents, were displaced in that man was Albert Einstein.
a state that was ravaged by Hurricanes Ian
S. In one picture , Ei nste in w as l ooki ng
and Nicole in the fall.
wonderfully crumpled and curious as he had
Q. Some states were affected more than others.
just asked how many feet per second went
R. In another state called Louisiana, more than through the documentary camera.
409,000 people, or almost one in eight
(a) SRPQ (b) PSRQ
residents, were displaced.
(c) SRQP (d) QPRS
S. More than 1.3% of the adult population in the
US was displaced by natural disasters. 100. P. Hatemon Nesa, who is a boat survivor,
(a) SQPR (b) QRPS recalled hugging her young daughter tightly
as the cramped, broken-down boat drifted
(c) SRPQ (d) QRSP
aimlessly.
98. P. The protest was led by left-wing and Arab
Q. They had set off from the squalid Cox's Bazar
members of the Israeli parliament called the
Knesset. refugee camp in Bangladesh to Malaysia
because Myanmar's military forced more
Q. They contend that the proposed plans by the
than 7,00,000 Rohingya to flee over the
new Cabinet will hinder the judicial system
border.
and widen societal gaps.
R. People are dead feared but nobody wants to
R. Thousands of Israelis took to the streets to
protest against the plans of Prime Minister stay in Myanmar because they think if they
Benjamin Netanyahu's new government. travel they might die but if they stay they will
definitely die.
S. The protesters gathered in the central city
of Tel Aviv after the most right-wing and S. Nesa's boat was carrying about 200 people
religiously conservative government was and they waved frantically at passing vessels
sworn in. hoping to get some help.
(a) PQSR (b) PQRS (a) RSQP (b) SRQP
(c) RSQP (d) QPSR (c) QSRP (d) PSQR
Answer Key
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c)
9. (d) 10. (d) 11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (b)
17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (c) 21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (c)
25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (c) 31. (b) 32. (d)
33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (c)
41. (b) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (d) 48. (c)
49. (c) 50. (c) 51. (c) 52. (c) 53. (c) 54. (d) 55. (c) 56. (b)
57. (d) 58. (c) 59. (b) 60. (d) 61. (b) 62. (d) 63. (b) 64. (d)
65. (b) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (a) 69. (b) 70. (d) 71. (b) 72. (d)
73. (c) 74. (a) 75. (a) 76. (b) 77. (c) 78. (d) 79. (b) 80. (d)
81. (d) 82. (c) 83. (b) 84. (b) 85. (c) 86. (d) 87. (a) 88. (b)
89. (d) 90. (b) 91. (c) 92. (d) 93. (c) 94. (c) 95. (c) 96. (b)
97. (a) 98. (c) 99. (d) 100.(d)

EXPLANATION
1. (c) ge ns[krs gSa given
fd options ds according 6. (c) "P" esa crk;k x;k gS fd yksxksa ds Government
fopkj ls
paragraph "P" ;k "S" sentence ls ghstart gks ldrk dks D;k djuk pkfg;s rFkk"S" esa dgk x;k gS fd ;fn
gSA vc gesa ns[kuk sentence
gS fd fdlls start gksuk Govt. us ,slk ugha fd;k rks D;k gksxkA
pkfg;sA
"P" esa'The storm' rFkk"S" esa'a deadly • bl izdkj "PS" ,d mandatory pair gSA tks fd ek=k
winter storm' fn;k x;k gSA
"Point - 2" ds according option "C" esagiven gSA vr% "RQPS" correct order
"S" starting sentence gksxkA gSA
• "S" esastorm dksdeadly crk;k x;k gS rFkk "P" esa 7. (b) Given options ds according paragraph "Q" ;k
storm ds deadly gksus ds
effects ds ckjs esa ckr dh "R" ls gh start gks ldrk gSA "R" esa'also' dks ns[krs gq;s
x;h gS vr%"SP" ,d Pair cusxkA
bl izdkj "SPQR" ge dg ldrs gSa fd ;g starting sentence ugha gSA
correct order gSA "P" esa'The regional governor' rFkk"R" esa'the
governor' fy[kk gSA vr% P, R ls igys vk;sxkAOptions
2. (d) bl Question dks ge option elimination dh
approach ls solve djsaxsA
dks ns[krs "QPRS"
gq;s correct order gSA
8. (c) "Q" rFkk"R" esa Øe'k% 'him' and 'his' dk use fd;k
• "P" esa'for them' dks ns[krs gq;s ge dg ldrs gS fd ;s
x;k gS tks fd"S" esagiven 'Chinese president' dks
starting sentence ugha gks ldrk D;ksafdPronoun
refer dj jgk gSA vr% "S", "Q" and "R" ls igys use
dk use noun ds LFkku ij fd;k tkrk gSA
fd;k tk;sxkA bl izdkj
"SQRP" correct order gSA
• "R" esaRohingya Muslims ds living area ds ckjs
9. (d) "R" esastories dh ckr dh x;h gS rFkk "P" esa mldh
esa crk;k x;k gS rFkk
"S" esa mlArea dh fLFkfr crk;h 1st story dk ftØ gSA vr% R, P ls igys vk;sxk] tks
x;h gSA vr% R, S ls igys vk;sxkA tksonly
fd option fd only option (d) esagiven gSA bl izdkj "SQRP"
(d) esagiven gSA bl izdkj
"RSPQ" correct order gSA correct order cusxkA
3. (b) bl question ds lHkh options esa
starting sentence 10. (d) "R" esamerchant ds fy;s article 'a' rFkk"P" esa
different gS vr% ;fn ge dsoystarting sentence article 'the' dk use fd;k gS vr%sentence "R"
dksfind dj ysrs gSa rks ge bldk
answer easily mark igys vk;sxkA "Q" esamerchant dksAllah }kjk iznku
dj ldrs gSaA"R" esa'The painting' fn;k x;k gS tcfd dh x;h Power ds ckjs esa ckr dh x;h gS "S" rFkk
esa
"P" esa'a painting' fy[kk gS vr% sentence "R" ls blh Power dks'this great gift' dgdj lacksf/r fd;k
start ugha gksxkA blh "Q" izdkj
esathe 'committee' x;k gS vr%"QS" ,d mandatory pair gSA vr%
fn;k x;k gS vr% ;g Hkhstarting sentence ugha cusaxkA "RPQS" correct order gSA
• Sentence "P" esa'Netherlands' esa ,d cgl ds ckjs 11. (c) "S" esa'Not all Taliban ministries" rFkk"R" esa
esa crk;k x;k gS rFkk
"S" esa crk;k x;k gS fd blds lekèkku 'Some of them' dks ns[krs gq;s ge dg ldrs gSa fd
gsrqcommittee D;k fopkj djrh gSA vr% sentence "SR" ,d mandatory pair gSA vr% "PQSR" correct
"P" igys vk;sxkA bl izdkj
"PRSQ" correct order gSA answer gSA
4. (d) lHkhoptions past tense esa gSa "S"fd esaPresent 12. (b) "Q" esa crk;k x;k gSChina
fd ds yksxa lot of trouble
dh ckr dh x;h gS vr% ;gsentence last esa vk;sxkA dksface dj jgs gSa rFkk"S" esa mudh problems D;k gS
(According to point-8) bldk ftØ fd;k x;k gSA vr% "QS" ,d Pair cusxkA bl
• "Q" esaU.S - China ds chp tension dk ftØ fd;k izdkj"RPQS" correct order gSA
x;k gS rFkk"S" esastill dk use djrs gq;s"Q" dh ckr 13. (c) "Q" esaSindbad dk introduction fn;k x;k gS rFkk
dks vkxs c<+k;k x;k gS vr%,d mandatory pair
"QS" "R" esa mlds fy;s
extra information nh gq;h gSA vr%
gSA vr%"PQRS" correct order gSA "QR" ,d mandatory pair gS rFkk
Paragraph "Q"
5. (b) "R" esa
vizier dk ftØ djrs gq;s'the sultan's vizier' ls start gksxkA vr%
"QRPS" correct order gSA
fy[kk x;k gS tks fd mlds introduction dksshow dj 14. (d) "S" esaPhilippines ds ckjs esa ckr dh x;h gSa rFkk
"P"
jgk gSA vr% "R" sentence "P" vkSj"Q" ls igys use and "R" esa blh ds fy;s
'the country' word dk use
fd;k tk;sxkAOptions dkseliminate djrs gq;s ge fd;k x;k gSA vr%"S", "P" and "R" ls igys vk;sxkA
ik;sxsa fd
"SRQP" correct order gSA bl izdkj "SRQP" correct order gSA

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 Author - Prashant Solanki

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HOW TO IMPROVE GRAMMAR bl Section dh Approach

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 2

Basic Approach:- (a) beauty (b) shape

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HOW TO DISTINGUISH SIMILAR WORDS/leku 'kCnksa esa varj oSQls djsa

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GRADABLE ADJECTIVE NON-GRADABLE ADJECTIVE

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Homonyms & Confusing words

Type I - Same Spelling Type II - Same Pronunciation

 Content (Adj.)  larq"V  Root (Noun)  tM+

Note: Type - I ds Homonyms dksHomographs Hkh dgrs gSaA

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 16

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IMPORTANT POINT (eq[; fcanq)

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 30

IMPORTANT VERB COLLOCATIONS

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(C) Future esa gksusFixed/scheduled

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 49

REINFORCE YOUR GRAMMAR

SET - 1 • Had– ;g verb dh 2nd form gS(Simple Past Tense)

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) • Option (d)– both b & c

EXPLANATION • ;fn option c, igys gh xyr gks pqdk gS]

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 57

CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  MODALS

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 58

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 60

nksuksa gSA 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a)

Mood, verb dh ,d ,slh form gS] tks fdlh ckr

form ds ckjs esa crkrh gSA

vkSjorder.  I wish, would that, if only, oh that - ;s phrases,

Conditionals Usage Structure and Example

Scientific/general truth ds fy, If + Present Indefinite, Present Indefinite

HYPOTHETICAL Present dh unreal vkSjimaginary If + past Indefinite (V2), Would +V1 Or

If he worked hard, he would pass the exam.

If + Had + V3 , Would + have + V3

CONCEPT BUILDING TEST  CONDITIONALS & MOODS

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 65

(3) Reflexive form of 'one'  oneself. tkrs gS

SET - 1 2. (b) Others

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 70

Sub-ordinate Co-ordinate Co-relatives

;saConjunctions ,d ;saConjunctions ,d ;gk¡nksConjunctions ,d

Conjunction Meaning & Usage Structure & Examples

Comprehension Økafrby Prashant Solanki Sir 72