PAPER

DRUGS ABUSE

This paper was prepared to fulfill the assignment for the English
course taught by Dr. Hj. Chaira Saidah, S.Pd., M.Pd.

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ISLAMIC EDUCATION MANAGEMENT STUDY PROGRAM

MAJOR ISLAMIC MANAGEMENT

INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NASIONAL LAA ROIBA

CIBINONG BOGOR JAWA BARAT

2023
 FOREWORD

We offer all praise and thanksgiving to Allah SWT for His grace and

mercy that the writing team was able to complete the paper entitled "Paper on

Drugs Abuse" which was completed smoothly and on time. The preparation of

this paper is in order to fulfill the assignments for the English Course.

The writing in this paper is the result of quotations from reference books

and several journals and articles on the internet. Hopefully this paper can be

useful for all of us and add insight to all of us. We also hereby express our

gratitude to the lecturer who teaches English, Dr. Hj. Chaira Saidah, S.Pd., M.Pd.

who have taken the time to read the paper. The writing team would like to thank

all parties who have helped complete this assignment well.

Apart from that, the writing team as ordinary people is fully aware that

there are still many shortcomings in writing this paper, both in terms of grammar,

sentence structure and content. Therefore, with all humility, we as authors accept

all constructive criticism and suggestions from readers.

Bogor, 30 September 2023

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 Writer Team

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD............................................................................................................i

LIST OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................ii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION..............................................................................3

A. Background ..............................................................................................4

B. Problem Formulation.................................................................................5

C. Benefits And Goals...................................................................................6

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION...................................................................................7

A. Definition of Drugs and Psychotropics.....................................................8

B. Factors and consequences of drug and psychotropic abuse......................9

C. Treatment and Prevention ......................................................................10

CHAPTER III CLOSING......................................................................................11

A. Conclusion...............................................................................................11

B. Suggestion...............................................................................................11

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................12

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. BACKGROUND

Drugs are familiar to people around the world in general, even

Indonesian people in particular. The name of the drug is very well known

among the public because drug users say that this object is an object that can

help those who are experiencing problems in their lives, according to them

drugs are the heroes in their lives. Narcotics have disturbed our society in

Indonesia because the effects of this substance, if consumed incorrectly and

excessively by the user, will have fatal consequences, it can also result in death

for the user. The negative impact apart from death, drugs will damage the

nervous system of its users so that it is not uncommon for addicts to often have

their nervous system disturbed. However, with the threat that drug addicts feel,

most addicts ignore this which will endanger their safety. They even like to be

friends with these forbidden objects, for them drugs are soulless friends who

have the power to help them when they need it.

Cases of drug addicts are increasing from year to year, most of the users

are successful people who have excess money so getting drugs is not difficult.

However, what is even worse is that there are cases of drug addiction among

teenagers. This is a concern for parents, teachers and other parties, they are

worried about this because if most of this nation's successors are drug addicts,

the future of this nation will be bleak. Therefore, there is a need for proper

socialization regarding drugs and effective efforts to prevent drug users so that

this does not become rampant.

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 B. PROBLEM FORMULATION

There is also a formulation of the problem of preventing and controlling drugs

and psychotropic substances as follows:

a. What is meant by drugs and psychotropic substances?

b. What are the factors or causes and consequences of the use of drugs and

psychotropic abuse?

c. How is it treated and prevented?

C. BENEFITS AND GOALS

There are also aims and benefits of writing papers on the prevention and control

of drugs and psychotropic substances as follows:

a. Know the meaning of narcotics and psychotropic substances.

b. Know the factors or causes and consequences of the use of narcotics

and psychotropic abuse.

c. Know how to treat and prevent it.

d. To provide information about drugs and their dangers so that we don't

fall into them and we can become the successors of a nation that is free

from narcotics.

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 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Definition of Drugs and Psychotropics

Drugs refer to substances that have a physiological effect when introduced

into the body. They can be used for medicinal purposes to treat, cure, or prevent
diseases or health conditions. Drugs can also have psychoactive properties that
affect the mind, mood, or behavior of individuals. They are classified into various
categories, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and recreational
drugs. The use of drugs is regulated by governments and health organizations to
ensure safety and efficacy.

Psychotropics, also known as psychoactive drugs, are a subset of drugs

that specifically affect the mental processes, mood, perception, consciousness, or
behavior of an individual. These substances can alter cognitive functions and
emotions. Psychotropics can be further categorized into different classes,
including antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics (anti-anxiety drugs), and
stimulants. They are used in the treatment of various mental health conditions
such as depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Both drugs and psychotropics play important roles in healthcare and

mental health treatment, but it's essential to use them under the guidance of
healthcare professionals to ensure their safe and effective use.

 Types of Narcotics
Group I
Narcotics can only be used for scientific development purposes and are not
used in therapy, and have a very high potential for causing
dependence. Heroin : This heroin is a derivative of morphine that has
undergone a chemical process. Initially this heroin was used to treat
morphine dependence, but it was later proven that heroin addiction
was even more severe. Morphine or heroin is also called putaw, it
looks like an odorless white powder. Cocaine : The effects of cocaine
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 use can cause paranoia, hallucinations and reduced self-confidence.
Using this drug will damage the nerves in the brain.

Group II
Narcotics that have medicinal properties are used as a last resort and can
be used in therapy and/or for scientific development purposes and have
a high potential to cause dependence. Morphine is an opium derivative
made from mixing poppy sap (papaver sormary ferum) with other
chemicals, so it is semi-synthetic. In the world of medicine, this
substance is used to reduce pain during surgery or operations.
However, if the effects are negative, users will be replaced with other
synthetic drugs.

Group III
Drugs that have medicinal properties and are widely used for therapy
and/or scientific development purposes and have a mild potential to
cause dependence. Codeine is a type of drug used to treat moderate to
severe pain. The side effects can be life-threatening, as with opiate
compounds, the other is respiratory tract depression.

 Types of Psychotropics

Group I
Psychotropics which can only be used for scientific purposes and are not
used in therapy, and have the strong potential to cause dependency
syndrome. Ecstasy : The most widely produced tiny ecstasy. Ecstasy is
distributed in the form of tablets and capsules the size of a shirt collar
button.

Group II
Psychotropics that have medicinal properties and can be used for
therapeutic and/or scientific purposes and have the strong potential to
cause dependency syndrome. Amphetamine : Has street names: seed,
meth, crystal, whiz. It comes in white and gray powder form and also
tablets. How to use by inhaling. Meanwhile, those in tablet form are

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 taken with water.

Group III
Psychotropics that have medicinal properties and can be used for therapy
and/or scientific purposes and have moderate potential to cause
dependency syndrome. Phenobarbatial is a barbiturate derivative
anticonvulsant that is effective in treating epilepsy. Phenobarbatial
suppresses the sensory cortex, reduces motor activity, causes
drowsiness, sedation and hypnotic effects.

B. Factors and Consequences of Drug and Psychotropic Abuse

1. Factors Causing Drug and Psychotropic Abuse

 Internal factors
Internal factors are factors that come from within the individual such as
personality, anxiety and depression as well as lack of religiosity. Most
drug abuse begins or occurs during adolescence, because adolescents
who are experiencing rapid biological, psychological and social
changes are individuals who are vulnerable to abusing these illegal
drugs. Children or teenagers with certain characteristics have a greater
risk of becoming drug abusers.

 External Factors
External factors are factors that come from outside the individual or
environment such as the presence of substances, family conditions,
weak laws and environmental influences. The factors mentioned above
do not always cause someone to later become a drug abuser. However,
the more of the factors above, the greater the possibility that someone
will become a drug abuser. This must be studied case by case.
Individual factors, family environmental factors and peers/social
relations do not always play the same role in causing someone to abuse
drugs. Due to social factors, a child who comes from a harmonious and
communicative family could become a drug abuser.

2. Impact of Drug and Psychotropic Abuse

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 Abuse of narcotics and psychotropic substances is one use or several types of
narcotics and psychotropic substances periodically or regularly beyond
medical indications, thereby causing physical, psychological health
problems and social function disorders. The result of abuse that is done too
often will cause dependence.

 Impact on the Human Body

o The brain and central nervous system which results in impaired
memory, impaired attention or concentration, impaired acting
rationally, impaired perception resulting in hallucinations,
impaired motivation resulting in lazy school or work, and
impaired self-control making it difficult to differentiate
between good and bad.

o Inflammation of the lungs and swelling of the lungs will occur

in the respiratory tract.

o Heart, inflammation of the heart muscle occurs, narrowing of

the heart blood vessels.

o Liver, Hepatitis B and C occur which are transmitted through

needles and sexual contact.

o Drug users also use injection needles together, causing the rate
of HIV/AIDS transmission to increa.

 Social Impact
o Family environment : Frequent arguments and irritability.

o Parents are worried because valuables are often lost.

o Children's deviant behavior (lying, stealing, being disorderly,

living freely) can become a disgrace to the family.

o Dropping out of school or being unemployed due to being

expelled from school or work, resulting in damage to family
life, and financial difficulties.

o Parents become discouraged as spending increases on medical

and rehabilitation costs.

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 3. Symptom Changes as a Impact of Drug Abuse
 Physical Changes
o Users stagger, speak slurred, apathetic (indifferent), sleepy and
aggressive.
o If there is an overdose, shortness of breath occurs, slow heart
rate and pulse, skin feels cold, and even death.
o When you are addicted, you experience red eyes, a runny nose,
constant yawning, diarrhea, pain all over your body, lazy
bathing, seizures, and decreased consciousness.

 Changes in Attitudes and Behavior

o Achievement at school decreases, does not do school work, often
plays truant, is lazy, and lacks responsibility.

o Sleep patterns change, staying up late, having difficulty waking up

in the morning, and feeling sleepy in class or work.

o Frequently travel late at night, sometimes not returning home

without permission.

o Often locks himself up, takes a long time in the bathroom, and
avoids meeting other family members.

o Often be emotional, irritable, angry, rude, hostile, suspicious,

secretive and secretive

C. Treatment and Prevention

1. Prevention of Narcotics and Psychotropic Abuse

 Precautions Against Yourself

o Learn to say no, both to ourselves and to other people who
offer us illicit goods.

o You don't always want to be considered great, brave, cool, and

so on.

o Hang out with good friends and stay away from friends who
behave badly.

o Never try it. Thinking that drugs will cause suffering, both for
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 oneself and for other.

o Fill your days with positive activities, such as exercising,

participating in cadet activities.

o Increase faith and devotion to Allah SWT.

 Prevention for Families

o Good childcare with lots of love, instilling good discipline,
teaching the difference between good and bad, developing
independence, giving freedom of responsibility, and
developing children's self-esteem by appreciating children for
doing good or achieving certain achievements.

o Create a warm and friendly atmosphere so that children miss

coming home.

o Make time for togetherness.

o Parents set a good example and develop good communication.

2. Prevention of Drug and Psychotropic Abuse

 Preventive (Prevention)
Preventive measures are carried out to form a society that has resistance
and immunity to drugs. Prevention is better than eradication.
Prevention of drug abuse can be done in various ways, such as
guidance and supervision in the family, counseling by competent
parties both in schools and the community, recitation by religious
scholars, supervision of places. night entertainment venues by security
forces, monitoring

 Curative (Treatment)
Curative aims to heal victims, both medically and through other media.
Such as places for healing and rehabilitation of drug addicts, namely
Drug Rehabilitation Centers.

 Rehabilitative (Rehabilitation)
Rehabilitation is carried out so that after treatment is completed the
victims do not relapse back to being "addicted" to drugs.
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 Rehabilitation seeks to provide assistance and treat drug victims fairly
so that they can return to society in a physically and mentally healthy
condition.

 Repressive (Action)
Repressive means taking action and eradicating drug abuse through legal
channels, carried out by law enforcers or security forces assisted by the
community. If the public finds out, they must immediately report it to
the authorities and there must be no taking the judge into their own
hands.

CHAPTER III

CLOSING

a. KESIMPULAN

Narcotics are substances or substances that can affect a person's

psychological state (thoughts, feelings and behavior) and can cause physical and
psychological dependence. Meanwhile, psychotropics are substances or drugs,
both natural and synthetic, non-narcotics, which have psychoactive properties
through selective influence on the central nervous system which causes
characteristic changes in mental activity and behavior.

Factors causing drug abuse can be divided into two factors, namely
internal factors originating from within the individual such as personality, anxiety
and depression and lack of religiosity, as well as external factors originating from
outside the individual or environment such as the presence of substances, family
conditions, weak laws and environmental influence. Efforts to overcome the
abuse of narcotics and psychotropic substances can be carried out in several ways,
such as preventive such as guidance and supervision in the family, curative such
as medical treatment or other media, rehabilitative so that victims do not become
addicted to drugs again, and repressive through legal means.

b. SARAN
Based on this discussion, the author's suggestions are as follows:

1. Never try drugs, even if it's just a little.

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 2. The government must eradicate drug trafficking in Indonesia.

3. Parents must pay more attention to their children so that they do not fall
into the abyss of drugs.

4. There is a need to increase cooperation between the community and the

authorities to eradicate drug trafficking.

5. Adolescents must be cared for by all parties so that they do not fall into
drug abuse.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Definitions of Medicines and Vaccines.

https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/quality_safety/safety_efficacy/medicines/
definitions/en/

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

Disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.

Wikipedia. 2010. "Drugs" (online), (http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drugs).

Tanjung, Ain. 2004. Understanding Drug Crime. Jakarta: Integrated Anti-Drug Correctional
Institution.

BNK Samarinda. 2007. "Drug Factors and Consequences" (online)

(http://bnk.samarinda.go.id/index.php?q=aktor-akibat-narkoba. accessed September 30
2023)

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