ENG2005 Workshop W6-2

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ENG2005

Student’s Name: Tutor’s Name:

Mock Workshop Week 6:


3D graphs and Parametrisation of surfaces
Not Assessed

1 Before the workshop

Lecture Notes: Read Section 2.5 Tick


Watch All Pre-recorded Videos of week 5
Run MATLAB codes Code for example 2.4.1-2.4.2, Figure 2.1
Take the Pre-workshop quiz (before the workshop) assessed

2 In the workshop, after the workshop and before the deadline

Tasks on Moodle Assessment Tick


Workshop Activity 1: maximum 5 marks
You must complete the online In-workshop quizzes
Workshop Activity 2: maximum 3 marks
Submit scanned fully worked worksheets
Workshop Activity 3: maximum 3 marks
Submit a published version of the MATLAB code
TOTAL MARKS

Partial marks awarded for incomplete worksheet, missing MATLAB work, poor maths presentation.

In this workshop you will practise:


• Parametrisation of surfaces
• Normals to curved surfaces, application
During this week, you will engage in exercises on parametrizing surfaces, and learn how to use these
parametrizations to compute surface integrals and fluxes of vector fields across surfaces, as well as
integrating scalar fields over curved surfaces.

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The parametrisation of surfaces allows for the calculation of surface areas and fluxes. The surface integrals
that result from parametrisation can be used to study physical phenomena such as heat transfer and fluid
flow. The integration of scalars over a curved surface is an important concept in fields such as electromag-
netism and fluid dynamics. This type of integration provides a quantitative measure of the amount of scalar
quantity present on a surface, and is essential for understanding and modelling many physical systems.

3 Graphs
a) The plane x − 2y + 3z = 6. Find its x,y,z b) Find the Cartesian equations of the lines
-intercepts (if any). which represent the xy-trace (intersection
with the xy-plane), xz-trace and yz-trace.

c) Consider the surface of the unit sphere x2 + d) Sketch the planes x = k in 3D, where
y 2 + z 2 = 1. Find the Cartesian equations of k = 1, 0, −1.
the curve of intersection of the sphere with the
planes z = 0, 1, 2.

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e) Find the yz traces of the parabolic cylinder f) This is interesting! Find the yz traces of the
z = y 2 with the planes x = 1, 2, 3 (y − 2)2 (z − 3)2
elliptical cylinder + = 1.
4 1

g) Sketch the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 . Obtain the h) Bonus: Sketch the surface z = 9x2 + y 2 .
xy traces. Obtain the xy traces. Obtain the xy and
yz traces. Discuss your results and compare
with the traces obtained for the paraboloid
z = x2 + y 2 .

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4 Parametrised surfaces
Recall: A space curve is described by a vector function of one variable, r(t). As t varies in the interval [a, b],
the head of the position vector r(t) traces the space curve C. Now suppose x, y, z depend on two parameters
u, v. As the point (u, v) moves around a domain D, the head of the vector r(u, v) traces out a surface in
3-D. A vector function of two parameters describes a surface. The parameters u and v vary over a region
called the parameter domain D , or parameter space.

We need two independent variables to cover a 2-dimensional space in the parametric variables, so a
two-dimensional surface in three-dimensional space can be represented parametrically as the position vector
of a function of two independent variables u and v

r(u, v) = x(u, v) i + y(u, v) j + z(u, v) k,

with some bounds defining the domain for the parameters u and v.
If we keep the first parameter u constant, then r(u, v) is a curve on the surface. Similarly, if v is constant,
then r(u, v) traces a curve on the surface. These curves are called grid curves.
A computer draws surfaces using grid curves. The world of parametric surfaces is intriguing and complex.
You can explore this world with the help of the computer algebra system MATLAB.

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Let’s summarise a few parametrisations:

a) Follow the example 2.5.1 of the lecture notes, b) Find a Parametric Representation of the
to find the parametrisation of surface S , which Cylinder
is part of the plane x + y/2+ 3z = 9 restricted x2 + y 2 = a2 , −1 ≤ z ≤ 1
to the first octant, that is, (x, y, z) ∈ R3 : x ≥
0, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0 .
A parameterisation of S is

r(u, v) = ui + vj + Ck

for 0 ≤ u ≤ A, 0 ≤ v ≤ B
Find A, B, C.
A=
B=
C= Find a Parametric Representation of the Sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 .

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c) The calculation of the area of the paraboloid z = 25 − x2 − y 2 that lies above the xy-plane requires
the surface S to be parametrically represented by

r(r, θ) = r cos(θ) i + Aj + (25 − B) k for 0 ≤ r ≤ C, 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π.

Find A,B,C.
A=
B=
C=

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5 Normals to the surface with parametrisations
An alien invasion rendered the Earth largely uninhabitable. An orbiting control centre in the shape of a
cone S, with a height of 10 meters, is set in an orbit, mainly to supervise the climate of the planet and
destroy earthlings. Use the boxes to write your answers.
p
a) Sketch this surface S: z = 2 x2 + y 2 , 0 ≤ z ≤ b) Find a cylindrical parametric representa-
10. What is the radius of the top of the floating tion r(u, v) for the surface S, specify the do-
ship? main for u and v.

c) In worksheet 2, you calculated the antena d) The Aliens will set a high power telescope
of the alien’s spaceship N = ∇f (x, y), where to spot earthlings at the point P (3, 4, 10). The
f (x, y) was a function to describe the island shape. main axis of the telescope will point outside
of the conical surface S. To do this they need
Now, let’s use parametrisations, to calculate a help from ENG2005 alien friends, to calculate
∂r ∂r
normal vector N = ∂u × ∂v to the surface S at a a unit normal vector n̂ at the desired location.
point P : (x, y, z).

∂r ∂r
What do you notice if ∂u × ∂v is reversed to
∂r ∂r
∂v × ∂u ?

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