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DES3/028/22
Settlement patterns are very important aspect of human settlement that is considered when
planning either a rural or an urban settlement establishment. There are different settlement
patterns suitable for different areas on the basis of the land use of the area or the economic
activities of that area. Teaching settlement patterns in geography aims at simplifying the
complex concepts that are involved in such a way that the students can relate to and recognise
such patterns in real life. Visual learning aids, such as these pictorial slides, are an effective
way to present information to the students to ensure understanding. In this write-up, we will
explore how these slides can be utilized to enhance teaching and learning of settlement
patterns at ordinary level.
Settlement is a permanent or temporary human dwelling/habitation such as a city, town,
village or a hamlet, (Acuto M et al., 2019)
Settlement pattern refers to the way that building and houses are arranged or distributed over
a given space that is covered by a village, city or a town, (Balk D. L et al., 2016)
The teaching of this lesson to the student will make use of the pictures in the pictorial slide.
The pictures are mainly aerial photographs to allow a clear illustration of the different
settlement patterns shown. Settlement patterns an everyday aspect of human life despite of
the area they live in being rural or urban area, therefore these illustrations will draw on
everyday examples that the students are familiar with.
Firstly the, teacher will ask the students to define a settlement pattern and ask the student to
name settlement patterns they know. To facilitate understanding the teacher will help group
the named settlement patterns into rural and urban settlement patterns based on the area
which a settlement patterns is predominant, (Arino O et al., 2018). Student will also be asked
which settlement patterns do they find more organized and also ask student the settlement
pattern of the areas they live, this is done to introduce the lesson in an engaging and
motivating way for it to be effective,(Montgomery M. R, 2018).
Thereafter the educator introduces the pictorial slides with the different settlement patterns
and task the students to identify the patterns and point out where is that settlement
predominant, either rural areas or urban areas and give at least two characteristic land use or
economic activities in such areas.
The first slide serves as an introduction to the topic of settlement patterns. A familiar and
easy to recognise settlement pattern is illustrated, the linear settlement pattern. This
settlement pattern can be very easy to identify since most student have observed homes built
along roads as they travel as depicted by the first picture. This follows Chaplin, M. L. (2018)
assertion that, use of relatable content in teaching new concepts to students can be an
effective way to ensure concept understand. The second picture serves to introduce a rather
unfamiliar setup to urban dwellers, students from the urban areas, where homes are built
along a river this might be familiar to student from the Nyakatsapa rural area. The aerial
photography captures the student’s attention and clear illustrate distribution and arrangement
of the homes.
The second slide introduces the clustered settlement pattern, to encourage imaginative
thinking uncommon view of modern structures is used, and student are required to give an
example of common or African dwellings setups that make use of such a settlement pattern
like the chiefdoms where people houses are clustered together (Ehrlich, D et al., 2020) .
The third slide show a dispersed settlement pattern. This settlement pattern is common in
rural areas. The teacher will ask the students to identify common economic activities that are
done in this area. The fourth slide, illustrate the grid settlement pattern that is characteristic of
urban areas. The last slide, show the nucleated settlement, the pictures show the same
settlement pattern in both rural and urban areas and the teacher will task the students to give
reasons for development of such settlement patterns.
In conclusion, the use of pictures to depict the different settlement patterns using familiar
views that are common to students enhance engagement, information retention and
understanding of the concept being taught. On the other hand the use of unfamiliar pictures
was used to encourage critical thinking in the students. These images can help students
develop creative thinking so that they will be able to identify different settlement patterns in
real life situations that is fostering inference, deduction and problem solving.
References
Acuto, M., Parnell, S., & Seto, K. C. (2019). Building a global urban science. Nature
Sustainability, 2(10), 892-895.
Arino, O., Ramos Perez, J. J., Kalogirou, V., Bontemps, S., Defourny, P., & Van Bogaert, E.
(2022). GlobCover 2022: A global land cover map at 100m resolution. International Journal
of Digital Earth, 5(1), 32-47.
Balk, D. L., Deichmann, U., Yetman, G., Pozzi, F., Hay, S. I., & Nelson, A. (2016).
Determining global population distribution: Methods, applications, and data. Journal of
Applied Remote Sensing, 1(1), 011503.
Chaplin, M. L. (2018). Preparing administrators for rural and urban planning. In A. F. Healy
& R. W. Proctor (Eds.), Handbook of psychology of perception (pp. 149-187). John Wiley &
Sons
Ehrlich, D., Balk, D., & Sliuzas, R. (2020). Measuring and understanding global human
settlement patterns and processes: Innovation, progress, and application. Springer.
Montgomery, M. R. (2018). The urban transformation of the developing world. Science,
319(5864), 761-764.

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