Duolingo 50 Words Essay Questions and answer

Practice on these questions and time yourself based on any of the writing
question types.

1. Argumentative
• These days new technology is increasingly being used to teach students. What are the
advantages of this new approach?
• Many significant buildings are being destroyed or replaced. What are the reasons for
this?
• Some people argue that teenagers have lost moral values. What is your opinion?
• Public transport helps save money and curbs pollution over the private vehicle. What do
you prefer and why?
• Some people claim that the government should spend money on Space research, while
others say that the government should build hospitals. Which argument do you support?
• Having a good university degree is essential in finding a job. Do you agree?
• Some people say that with the development of the Internet, Radio has no future. Do you
agree?

2. Descriptive
• Describe a time when you were delighted. What happened?
• Describe the house in which you live?
• Describe the neighborhood where you live?
• Describe a time when someone cheated on you.
• Describe your daily exercise routine.
• Describe a time when you traveled somewhere.
• How do you travel to your work/study? Describe your vehicle.
• Describe a skill that you want to learn.
• Describe your favorite actor. Why is he your favorite?

3. Recount
• Write about your dream job. Why do you want this job?
• Write down about your best friend. How long have you known him?
• What is your favorite dish? How is it prepared?
• Write about your favorite book.
 Tips and Examples for Each Writing Question Type

The steps below may assist you in preparing for the exam:

1. Describe the Photo

This question type (Write about the photo) will appear three times on the test. Thus, it is
important that you prepare for it.

Understanding this Question Type (Describe the Photo)

• You will have this question three times.
• You have 60 seconds to write your answer.
• You must write at least one sentence (but more is better).
• It contributes to your production and literacy subscores.

How To Write the Answer To This Task?

i) Add Introductory Statements

Memorize these statements and practice typing them out quickly. Use viable Sentence
starters such as:
• “This is a picture of…”
• “This picture shows…”
• “This image depicts…”
• “In this photograph, there is/are…”
•
ii) Be Descriptive
Here’s how to be more descriptive about the image.
• Write about the actions of the person or main subject in the picture. Use precise verbs
and adverbs.
• Describe the subject or object using adjectives. Avoid the most common ones.
• Write about the location of the subject in the picture. Make use of prepositional
phrases.

iii) Make A Guess Or Prediction

How can you do this? You can have an intelligent guess by referring to the clues surrounding
the subject. You may use modal verbs such as might, could, must, may, etc. Use Sentence
Starters, such as:
“It seems like…”
“It looks like…”
“I guess that…”
“I think…”

iv) Leave Time To Check For Errors

Always allot a time for you to go over what you have written. Don’t forget to scan and
proofread your work.

2. Write About A Topic (Argument)

This question type (Write about a topic) will appear on the test once.

Understanding this Question Type (Write About a Topic)

• You must write your answer in five minutes.
• Minimum 50 words (or more is better).
• It contributes to your production and literacy scores
•

i) Answer The Questions Fully

For your writing question, you’ll have to choose between three different writing
styles: describe, recount, or make an argument.

It is important that you can recognize the type of writing that you have to do

3. Write About A Topic (Recount)

This question type can be found under the Writing Sample section of the DET.
• This question will appear on the test once.
• You must write your answers in five minutes.
• Minimum 50 words (or more is better).
• It contributes to your production and literacy scores.

i) Answer the questions fully

For your writing question, you’ll have to choose between three different writing styles:
describe, recount, or make an argument.
It is important that you can recognize the type of writing that you have to do. This is an example
of making an argument.
ii) How can you say that this is a recount?
The goal of a recount is to remind of an event or experience for their knowledge or delight. It
varies from a narrative in that the events are presented in chronological sequence rather than
altered for maximum effect or drama.
iii) Organize your answer
• Topic Sentence: It provides readers with the necessary background information to
comprehend the content, such as who was involved, where it occurred, and when it
occurred.
• Supporting Ideas: A description of a sequence of events that occurred in the past.
• Concluding Sentence: A personal remark regarding the incident or the final outcome.

iv) Additional Tips and Tricks for Writing a Recount

Here are some pointers to remember in writing a recount:
• written in the past tense.
• frequently uses words that relate to occurrences in time.
• because recollections explain events, verbs (action words) and adverbs are commonly
used (which describe or add more detail to verbs)
• uses personal pronouns are used (I, we).
• it is possible to utilize the passive voice.
•
4. Write About A Topic (Describe)
Understanding this Question Type
• You will get this question once on the test
• You have 5 minutes to write your answer
• You must write at least 50 words (but more is better)
• It contributes towards your production and literacy subscores
For your writing question, you’ll have to choose between three different writing styles:
describe, recount, or make an argument.
It is important that you can recognize the writing that you have to do.

In the Duolingo English Test, the purpose of this writing is to describe and classify information
without any personal opinion from you. Your primary goal is to discuss the topic focusing on
the

i) Organize your answer

• Topic Sentence: It provides readers with the necessary background information to
comprehend the content, such as who was involved, where it occurred, and when it
happened.
• Supporting Ideas: A description of a sequence of events that occurred in the past.
• Concluding Sentence: This is where a personal remark regarding the incident or the
outcome.
ii) Tips and Tricks in Writing to Describe
Here are some pointers to remember in writing to describe:
• Nouns and noun phrases replace personal pronouns. Use Personal pronouns sparingly.
 • Uses present tense in the majority of reports
• To provide consistency, linking verbs like as is, are, has, have, and belong to are
employed.
• Some action verbs are used (climb, eat).
• Color, form, size, bodily parts, habits, behaviors, functions, and purposes are examples
of descriptive language that is real rather than creative.

Few Sample answer:

• Nowadays new technology is increasingly being used to teach students. What are the
advantages of this new approach?
Answer: Using technology to teach students has several advantages such as creating a more
engaged environment, improving collaboration, having more scope to connect with the
students, etc. Technology also allows teachers to explain complicated theories and concepts to
students using attractive visuals, which in turn helps students to learn and understand better.
As a result, incorporating technology in the field of teaching has positive effects both on the
method of teaching and the students.

• In many countries, schools have severe problems with student behavior. What do you
think are the causes of this?
Answer: Perhaps the most predominant cause of problematic student behavior is a
troublesome home environment. Negligence, abuse, lack of affection from parents at home are
some of the causes of students developing problematic behavior and expressing them at
school. Furthermore, being exposed to negative experiences in life, having wrong
companionship, and low mental health are also causes of problems with student behavior.
Most importantly, school authorities aren’t trained enough to handle such student behavior,
which in turn exacerbates the issue.

• Many historic buildings are being destroyed or replaced. What are the reasons for
this?
Answer: One of the predominant reasons behind historic buildings being destroyed is shortage
of land. As the population of the world continues to rise, more land is needed to accommodate
housing for the increasing number of people. Furthermore, many historic buildings are being
replaced due to urbanisation. The rapid growth in urbanisation has allowed many companies to
take over historic buildings in the name of development. As a result, the values of historic
buildings are gradually decreasing as people go unbothered by these changes around them.
 • Describe a time when you were extremely happy. What happened?
Answer: The last day when I was able to spend time with my entire family was a time when I
was extremely happy. It was during the holiday last year and that was the last time I had each
and every one of my siblings together at our parents’ house. Now we’re all in different parts of
the world, living our lives, trying to make a living. While I do have my fair share of fun every
now and then, there is nothing quite like the pure happiness of spending time with your own
family.

• Some people argue that the teenagers have lost moral values. What is your opinion?
Answer: I think that children from every generation differ from their previous generation in
many ways, and this difference attracts a lot of scrutiny. I believe that the importance of moral
values has declined for all people, and that includes teenagers as well. Therefore, while it is safe
to say that many teenagers these days have lost regard for moral values, it isn’t true that all of
them have done so. So, I do not think that the statement should be generalized for teenagers
only.

• Describe the house in which you live?

Answer: The house that I live in is an apartment. It is a ten storied building that has six flats on
every floor, and forty flats in total. It is located in the city, and in quite a busy street. I’ve been
living here my entire life and have made many friends from this apartment. We all grew up
together and have developed very good friendships over the years. This house and its people
are two components that I have made some of the most beautiful memories with in my life.

• Describe the neighborhood where you live?

Answer: The neighborhood where I live is located in the city, and in quite a busy street. There
aren’t many trees around, but there is a park very close to it that sort of fulfills the need of
greenery in the area. Many people from the neighborhood and especially kids flock to the park
every afternoon. I myself go there a couple times a week to catch up with my friends from the
area. Our neighborhood is quite safe, with rarely any sort of crime happening here. I have lived
here my entire life and truly believe that this is a great place to grow up and live in.

• Public transport helps save money and curbs pollution over private transport. What
do you prefer and why?
Answer: Personally, I wholeheartedly agree with the statement. Public transports are indeed an
inexpensive option as opposed to private transport. It is something that I use everyday myself.
But while they do curb pollution as opposed to private transports, the convenience and comfort
of owning a private transport can’t be denied. It is truly a luxury and privilege to own a private
transport. But for mass people, public transports are definitely the better option by a
landmark.
 • Describe a time when you were cheated.
Answer: During its onset, online shopping didn’t have much credibility as people were afraid of
being cheated on through misleading products that were different from what they had
expected. However, over time, online shopping has made a place for itself in society, and
rightfully so. However, there are still some online shops that are nothing but scams. Last
month, I ordered an air cooler online from an advertisement that made it seem perfectly
normal. In reality, it did nothing to serve its purpose and was simply an object of no use. That
made me not only wastes a good amount of money but also feel extremely cheated.

• Some people argue that the government should spend money on Space research while
others say that the government should build hospitals. Which argument do you
support?
Answer: I believe that the government should undoubtedly spend money on building hospitals
as opposed to spending money on space research. I believe that space research has a lot of
opportunities for human civilization. However, for a developing country like ours, it is a luxury.
Our country is in dire need of better health care systems; one of the main steps to get that
done is building good hospitals. While the government has every right to spend money on
space research, it has no right to do so at the expense of the health of its citizens.

• Describe your daily exercise routine.

Answer: A prerequisite of my exercise routine is waking up early in the morning at 6 am. After
that I go for a quick twenty-minute run. When I get back, I shower and then have a banana that
gives me energy to do yoga for the next forty minutes. On extremely busy days, I do yoga for 15
minutes, but make sure I never go below that. Afterwards, I have my breakfast and do thirty
minutes of exercise. On most days I do cardio, while I sometimes incorporate a bit of
weightlifting in my exercise routine.

• Describe a time when you travelled somewhere.

Answer: Last year I went to Cox’s Bazar with my parents and my sister. It was during the end of
winter, so the weather there was quite perfect. However, the beach was quite sunny, of course.
We did a lot of activities such as jet skiing, kayaking, and parasailing. It was my first time doing
all of these activities, so I had an amazing time. We also bought a lot of dried fish from the
street shops, which is a common tradition for visitors in Cox’s bazar. We relaxed to our hearts’
content and returned after four days of peaceful vacationing.

• How do you travel to your work/study? Describe your vehicle.

Answer: I use public transport to travel. So that means I have to get up early to catch the bus. I
prefer using an AC bus as the route to my work is quite long and the hot weather becomes
quite intolerable. It doesn’t accommodate more passengers than it’s supposed to, which is
quite rare for most public buses in the country. And since I have the privilege to afford a fairly
developed public transport, I choose to use this bus for my own safety.
 • Having a good university degree is important in finding a job. Do you agree?
Answer: Yes, I agree with the statement that a good university degree is important in finding a
job. In fact, considering how competitive the job market is becoming with each passing day, a
good university degree is not only important in finding a job but also a prerequisite. While it is
true that a lot of people can’t afford a good university degree, that hasn’t stopped companies
from prioritizing a good degree while hiring new employees.

• Describe a skill that you want to learn.

Answer: A skill that I want to learn is coding. It is a skill that has a lot of demand in the job
market right now. Furthermore, coding is also an integrated part of different kinds of jobs, all of
which have scope for many job opportunities. These opportunities are becoming more and
more available all over the world, making a skill like coding highly advantageous.

• Write about your dream job. Why do you want this job?
Answer: My dream job would be a position that allows me to make a positive impact on people
every day. I would love to work for a company that makes time-saving and life-enriching
products that thousands of people use everyday. I would love to be part of a team that finds
innovative ways to make products more efficient and effective. To be able to earn a living
through something that helps people in one or more ways is the dream.

• Write down about your best friend. How long have you known him/her?
Answer: I have a best friend of fourteen years. We went to the same school. While we have
been friends since grade 1, we became best friends in high school. Ever since then, we have
become inseparable, but only in terms of bonding because we now live in different countries.
However, the distance has not affected or deteriorated our friendship in any way. If anything, it
has made the friendship even stronger. I can’t imagine my life without my best friend.

• What is your favorite dish? How is it prepared?

Answer: My favorite dish is pizza. Its main component is a flat soft bread which can be thin or
thick depending on choice. The bread is then covered by a sauce, predominantly ketchup,
followed by ingredients such as chicken, beef, bell peppers, olives and many others depending
on the choice. One of the most important components of the pizza is cheese which goes on top
of it at last. The bread is then baked at very high heat in an oven and becomes ready to eat in
15-20 mins.

• Describe your favorite actor. Why is he your favorite?

Answer: My favorite actor is Leonardo DiCaprio. The reason he is my favorite is because of his
sheer versatility. Starting from his attention grabbing role in “Catch me if you can” to his career-
defining role in “Titanic”, from his mind blowing performance in “Inception” to his dangerously
convincing role in “Shutter Island”, Leonardo DiCaprio is an actor who seems to have no area of
weakness in acting at all. The way he adapts to every role and also makes it his own is
something that is remarkably rare within actors these days.

• Some people say that with the development of the Internet, Radio has no future. Do
you agree?
Answer: While the internet has definitely taken over many different fields of media and
broadcasting, including the radio, it is too bold to claim that the development of the internet
will lead to radio becoming obsolete. If we pay close attention to the current status quo, the

internet already has all the features of the radio, but radios are still alive and functioning.
People still listen to radios in cars on their way to work and throughout the day. People still turn
to radio for publicizing events and celebrities. I believe that with further development of the
internet, radio will also adapt to changes and hold its place in our lives.

• Write about your favorite book.

Answer: The name of my favorite book is “Pride and Prejudice”. It is considered a reading
classic. It is one of the most popular novels in the English language. Over 200 years after its
publication, it continues to win the hearts and minds of readers around the world, thanks to its
delightful heroine, unforgettable cast of comic characters, witty dialog, and satisfying romantic
plot.

• Describe a time when you spent a lot of money. What did you buy?
Answer: A time when I spent a lot of money was during last Eid. I had been able to save a great
deal of money by that time and had decided to spend a good portion of it for not only myself
but also the people I love. I had spent the money on buying my mother a saari, my father a
watch, and my sister a bag. I also decided to spend some money on my friends and got a watch
for each of my four closest friends. For myself I bought a shirt, a bag, and a bracelet. Although I
had spent a lot of money, I never regretted it because of how happy it made me to be able to
get gifts for the people I love and for myself, with my own money.

• Write down about a time when you worked really hard for something.
Answer: A time when I worked really hard for something was during my last board exam. It was
my graduating exam from school and therefore had a lot of value to it. Besides, every board
exam is very important in a student’s life. And since the knowledge I had gained for this exam
had implications in my exams for university admission, the pressure was even higher.
Therefore, I had to make a routine for my studies, stick to it with discipline, and work hard day
and night to ensure I was preparing well for the exam. I’m thankful that the hard work later
paid off.
 • If you have children, What would you do differently from your parents while bringing
them up.
Answer: Parenting can be a challenging responsibility. We cannot undermine the struggle and
hard work of our parents who brought us up. I am thankful to my parents for their
unconditional love and care, though I would like to change something for my kids, and that is
making them more confident to meet the challenges of the changing world. My parents want
me to choose a single field of study. While I think it is important for kids to be multi-skilled.
Today’s world has more opportunities for people who are skillful in more than one field.

• Why some friendships last longer than others? Give your opinion
Answer: Friendship is all about trust, sincerity, and sharing. Many times people are together to
share good times. After the fun time is over, they are never seen with each other again.
Idiomatically, such friends are called fair-weather friends. Many people make friends as part of
socializing but only a few friendships have the potential to last for a lifetime. People who
genuinely like the other person want to have him or her in their lives for a long time. If two
persons are equally sincere and mentally compatible, their friendship will last longer. It is also a
good luck factor, in my opinion, to find sincere or long-lasting friends.

• What was the time when someone was treated unfairly? What happened?
Answer: I remember an incident from my school when a student was suspected of stealing
other students’ notebooks. His name was Brian. He was a grade 9 student and was very
sociable and outgoing. Some students complained about their missing notebooks. One also
alleged that he witnessed Brian stealing someone’s notebook. The teachers and the principal
launched an inquiry and Brian had to deal with many questions from the teachers and the
principal. They could not find out anything but the teacher started keeping an eye on the
students closely. One day he found one of the students hiding someone’s notebook in Brian’s
drawer. That day the teacher realized that Brian might have been a victim of a conspiracy from
a classmate and that the school has been unfair in his treatment.

• What is the importance of cars and airplanes in modern life? Explain

Answer: I would say that life is unimaginable without the fast modes of transport like cars and
airplanes in today’s fast-paced world. Think of a place without personal cars. It would be
extremely hard to get to work. Maybe public buses are an option but most of the commuters to
work rely on personal vehicles. There would be no travel possible between the far-off places or
countries if there are no airplanes. There would be no tourism and no trade. The economy of
the world will decline to the earliest centuries of human civilization. All the progress that has
been made in the world so far is mostly dependent on the means of transport that connect us
to other regions.
 • What Would You Do Otherwise Than Your Parents In Raising Your Children If You Had
Children?
Answer: For me, I believe that parenting is both a challenging and fulfilling task. We cannot
discount our parents' sacrifice and hard work in raising us. Indeed, I am forever indebted to my
parents for their unwavering love and care, but there is one thing I would like to alter for my
children: to instill in them the confidence to face the trials of a changing world. My parents
want me to concentrate on one subject. While I believe children must be multi-skilled. People
who are skilled in many fields have greater chances in today's environment.

• What Role Do Automobiles And Aircraft Have In Modern Life? Explain

Answer: In today's fast-paced world, life would be impossible without rapid forms of
transportation such as vehicles and aircraft. Have you considered a place where no one owns
an automobile? Getting to work would be incredibly difficult. Although public buses are an
alternative, most commuters rely on personal vehicles to go to work. Without aircraft, there
would be no way to travel between far-flung locations or nations. There would be no trade or
tourists. The global economy will regress to the early ages of human civilization. All of the
world's growth thus far has been largely reliant on the modes of transportation that connect us
to other places.

• Describe The Geography Of The Country Where You Currently Live. How Does The
Geography Of The Country Affect Its People And Its Culture?
Answer: Bandung is Indonesia's third most populated city. With its geographical location, the
climate in Bandung is tropical highland monsoon. Bandung's weather is colder than most
Indonesian cities due to its height, making it attractive to tourists. Its proximity to Jakarta
makes it a favorite weekend escape for Jakartans; tourists clog the town arriving from the
capital during holiday seasons. It is the capital of the province of West Java and an essential hub
for Indonesian commercial and economic activity. It is locally known as Kota Kembang, literally
meaning Flowery City, because Bandung had many flowers in the colonial and republic eras
until the early 1960s. The Dutch nicknamed Parijs van Java (Paris of Java) for its resemblance to
Paris and the European atmosphere back in colonial times.”
Spelled differently in British and American English.

British American
leukaemia leukemia
paediatrics pediatrics
defence defense
catalogue catalog
dialogue dialog
metre meter
lustre luster
colour color,
armour armor
flavour flavor
apologise apologize
fantasise fantasize
idolise idolize

analyse analyze

paralyse paralyze
travelled traveled
cosy cozy
enquiry inquiry
labelling labeling
bath bathe

favourite favorite

harbour harbor

humour
humor

jewellery jewelry

kilometre kilometer

litre liter

maths math

mum mom

neighbour neighbor

programme program

tyre
tire

Words which have different meanings or are spelled differently in British and
American English.

British English American English

accelerator gas pedal, accelerator

British English American English

aerial (TV, radio) antenna, aerial

Alsatian German shepherd

American Indian Native American

anorak jacket, parka

at the weekend on the weekend

aubergine eggplant

bank holiday national holiday, federal holiday

barrister, solicitor lawyer, attorney

base rate prime rate

to bath to bathe

beetroot beet

bill check

bin, dustbin garbage can/trash can

biro ball-point pen

biscuit cookie

bonnet hood
British English American English

boot trunk

braces suspenders

(round) brackets parentheses

candy floss cotton candy

car park parking lot

caravan trailer

caretaker janitor

catalogue catalog

centre center

chemist's shop drugstore, pharmacy

chips French fries

city centre downtown, city center

cloakroom checkroom, coatroom

clothes peg clothespin

colour color

cooker stove
British English American English

(bathing) costume swimsuit

cosy cozy

cot (Baby) crib

cotton wool cotton ball

courgette zucchini

crisps potato chips

crossroad (in the country)

crossroads
intersection (town and country)

résumé
curriculum vitae (CV)
curriculum vitae

dinner jacket tux, tuxedo

directory enquiries directory assistance

diversion detour

doll's house dollhouse

double cream heavy cream

draught draft
British English American English

draughts checkers

drawing pin thumbtack

dressing gown (bath) robe

drink driving drunk driving

driving licence driver's license

dummy pacifier

duvet comforter

earth wire ground wire

engaged busy

enquiry inquiry

everywhere everyplace, everywhere

expiry date expiration date

fancy dress costumes

Father Christmas Santa Claus

favourite favorite
British English American English

to fill in to fill out

film film, movie

fire brigade fire department

first floor second floor

fish-fingers fish-sticks

flannel face cloth, wash cloth

apartment
flat
(flat: apartment with a single floor)

flavour flavor

football soccer

fortnight two weeks

fringe bangs

from Monday to Friday

from Monday to Friday
from Monday through Friday (Friday included)

full stop period

garden yard
British English American English

gear lever gear shift

Gents Men's Room

goods train freight train

ground floor first floor, ground floor (in public buildings)

harbour harbor

headmaster, headteacher principal

to hire to rent

hire purchase installment plan

hockey field hockey

holiday vacation

hoover vacuum cleaner

humour humor

icing sugar powdered sugar

indicator blinker, turn signal

inverted commas, quotation marks quotation marks

J

jacket potato baked potato

jewellery jewelry

Joe Bloggs Joe Blow

jumble sale yard sale

jumper sweater

kilometre kilometer

ladybird ladybug

to lay the table to set the table

letterbox, postbox mailbox

lift elevator

litre liter

lorry truck

lost property lost and found

mackintosh raincoat

managing director CEO (chief executive officer)

British English American English

mashed potato, mash mashed potatoes

match game

maths math

mobile (phone) cellphone

motorbike motorcycle

motorway freeway, highway, expressway, interstate

mum mom

nappy diaper

national insurance number social security number

neighbour neighbor

note bill

notice board bulletin board

number plate license plate

a pack of cards a deck of cards

a packet of cigarettes a pack of cigarettes

British English American English

pants underpants

paraffin kerosene/kerosine

pavement sidewalk

pedestrian crossing crosswalk

pepper bell pepper

petrol gas

phone box phone booth

plane airplane

polo neck turtleneck

post mail

post code zip code

postman mailman

pram, pushchair baby carriage, baby buggy, stoller

prawn shrimp

elementary school
primary school
grade school

programme program

Q
British English American English

to queue to line up

quid buck

railway railroad

reception front desk

to ring to call

roadway pavement

roundabout traffic circle, rotary

rucksack backpack

rubber eraser

rubbish garbage

sandpit sandbox

share stock

shop store

shop assistant sales clerk

sick nauseated
British English American English

single ticket one-way ticket

skipping rope jump(ing) rope

soft toy stuffed animal

Sorry. Excuse me.

spanner wrench

sports day fields day

public school private school

stock inventory

subway underpass

sultana raisin

sweet shop candy store

tap faucet

taxi cab

term semester

theatre theater

timetable schedule
British English American English

tin can

toilet, loo bathroom, restroom

town centre downtown, city center

torch flashlight

trainers sneakers

tram streetcar

travelled traveled

trolley cart

trousers pants

tyre tire

underground, tube subway

underlay carpet pad

undertaker mortician

vest undershirt

W
British English American English

waistcoat vest

wallet billfold

wardrobe closet

to wash wash up

wing fender

year grade

zebra crossing crosswalk

zip zipper
 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS IN ENGLISH

REGULAR IRREGULAR
Base Form / Past Simple / Past Participle
Verb / Verb + ed / Verb + ed These are ALL different!
work / worked / worked
Please see below and memorize them!
Verbs ending in 'Y'
Verb / Verb + ied / Verb + ied
study / studied / studied

V1 V2 V3
Base Form of Verb Past Simple Past Participle
be (is, am, are) was, were been

beat beat beaten

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bet bet bet

bid bid bid

bite bit bitten

blow blew blown

break broke broken

bring brought brought
build built built
burn burned/burnt burned/burnt

buy bought bought

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

come came come

cost cost cost
cut cut cut

dig dug dug

dive dove dived

do did done
draw drew drawn

dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt

drive drove driven

drink drank drunk

eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen

feel felt felt

fight fought fought
find found found

fly flew flown

forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven

freeze froze frozen

get got gotten

give gave given

go went gone

grow grew grown

hang hung hung

have had had

hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

know knew known

lay laid laid

lead led led

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain
lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

pay paid paid

put put put

read read read

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

run ran run

say said said

see saw seen

sell sold sold

send sent sent

show showed shown

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

speak spoke spoken

spend spent spent

stand stood stood

swim swam swum

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

throw threw thrown

understand understood understood

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

win won won

write wrote written

 List of Irregular Verbs
Base form - past simple - past participle

PDF exercises + grammar rules: www.e-grammar.org/pdf-books/

abide abided/abode abided/abode drink drank drunk

arise arose arisen drive drove driven
awake awaked/awoke awoken dwell dwelled/dwelt dwelled/dwelt
be was/were been eat ate eaten
bear bore born interweave interwove interwoven
beat beat beaten fall fell fallen
become became become feed fed fed
befall befell befallen feel felt felt
beget begot begotten fight fought fought
begin began begun find found found
behold beheld beheld flee fled fled
bend bent bent fling flung flung
bereave bereft bereft fly flew flown
beseech besought besought forbid forbad(e) forbidden
beset beset beset forecast forecast(ed) forecast(ed)
bespeak bespoke bespoken forget forgot forgotten
bestride bestrode bestridden forgive forgave forgiven
bet bet bet forsake forsook forsaken
bid bade/bid bidden/bid foresee foresaw foreseen
bind bound bound foretell foretold foretold
bite bit bitten freeze froze frozen
bleed bled bled get got got
blow blew blown give gave given
break broke broken go went gone
breed bred bred grind ground ground
bring brought brought grow grew grown
broadcast broadcast(ed) broadcast(ed) hang hanged/hung hanged/hung
build built built have had had
burn burned/burnt burned/burnt hear heard heard
burst burst burst hide hid hidden
buy bought bought hit hit hit
can could hold held held
cast cast cast hurt hurt hurt
catch caught caught keep kept kept
choose chose chosen kneel knelt knelt
cling clung clung know knew known
come came come lay laid laid
cost cost cost lead led led
creep crept crept lean leaned/leant leaned/leant
cut cut cut leap leapt leapt
deal dealt dealt learn learned/learnt learned/learnt
dig dug dug leave left left
do did done lend lent lent
draw drew drawn let let let
dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt lie lay lain

www.e-grammar.org/irregular-verbs/
 List of Irregular Verbs
Base form - past simple - past participle

PDF exercises + grammar rules: www.e-grammar.org/pdf-books/

lose lost lost spin spun spun

make made made spit spat spat
mean meant meant split split split
meet met met spoil spoiled/spoilt spoiled/spoilt
pay paid paid spread spread spread
mistake mistook mistaken spring sprang sprung
overhear overheard overheard stand stood stood
oversleep overslept overslept steal stole stolen
put put put stick stuck stuck
read read read sting stung stung
rend rended/rent rended/rent stink stank stunk
rid rid rid stride strode stridden
ride rode ridden strike struck struck
ring rang rung string strung strung
rise rose risen strive strove striven
run ran run swear swore sworn
say said said sweep swept swept
see saw seen swim swam swum
seek sought sought swing swung swung
sell sold sold take took taken
send sent sent teach taught taught
set set set tear tore torn
shake shook shaken tell told told
shed shed shed think thought thought
shine shone shone throw threw thrown
shit shit/shat shit/shat thrust thrust thrust
shoot shot shot tread treaded/trod trodden
show showed shown understand understood understood
shrink shrank shrunk undertake undertook undertaken
shrive shrove shriven undo undid undone
shut shut shut upset upset upset
sing sang sung wake woke woken
sink sank sunk wear wore worn
sit sat sat weave wove woven
slay slew slain weep wept wept
sleep slept slept win won won
slide slid slid wind wound wound
sling slung slung withdraw withdrew withdrawn
slink slunk slunk withstand withstood withstood
slit slit slit wring wrung wrung
smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt write wrote written
smite smote smitten
speak spoke spoken
speed speeded/sped speeded/sped
spend spent spent

www.e-grammar.org/irregular-verbs/
Summarize the conversations in 75 seconds : -
1. Conversation with University professor for succeeding in college. (Formal conversation)

Summary: I asked a professor for tips on excelling in college, and he provided advice such as planning
ahead, knowing due dates, and challenging myself.

2. You are writing a paper on the effects of globalization and asking for feedback from your professor.
(Formal conversation)

Summary: I asked my professor for feedback on my paper about the effects of globalization. She
suggested discussing both positives and negatives effects, using credible sources, and maintaining a
balanced analysis.

3. You are a student on an astronomy course. You ask your professor to explain in more detail what
was discussed in the last class. (Formal conversation)

Summary: In a conversation with my professor, I asked them to elaborate on the previous lesson about
associations in astrology. We discussed the concept from an astrological perspective.

4. A conversation between a university professor and a student about cultivating a positive

relationship with faculty. (Formal conversation)

Summary: The professor advised me to cultivate a positive relationship with faculty by attending office
hours, participating actively in class discussions and group activities, and being respectful and
professional in interactions with faculty.

5. A conversation between a university professor and a student about an upcoming assignments and
its requirement.

Summary: During conversation with my professor, I sought more information about an upcoming
assignment. He clarified the requirements and advised me to stay organized, develop a clear thesis
statement, and reach out for help if needed.

6. You are trying to analyze a case study for your Sociology class, but you’re having trouble
understanding the implications. You ask a senior for help since she did very well in the class last
semester. (Casual conversation)

Summary: In a conversation with a classmate, we discussed why a case study is relevant to larger
sociology field. My friend offered to explain it in further details over dinner.
7. A conversation between a university professor and a student about the course syllabus. (Formal
conversation)

Summary: My professor gave me advice on how to best understand the course syllabus, such as paying
attention to due dates, reading course objectives and expectations, and understanding attendance and
grading policies. She also suggested checking the syllabus often throughout the semester for updates.

8. A conversation between two university students about the difficulties of making friends in a new
environment. (Casual conversation)

Summary: I talked with fellow student about the challenges of making friends in a new environment. We
planned ways to meet new people, such as attending events together, and decided to support each
other in connecting with others.

9. A conversation between two university students about the most meaningful aspects of their college
experience. (Casual Conversation)

Summary: My most important college experiences have revolved around forming connections with
professors and peers, taking challenging classes, and developing critical and creative thinking skills.
These experiences have contributed to my personal and professional growth.

10. You are about to complete your graduate degree but are confused what career path to take. You
talk to your professor about this issue. (Formal Conversation)

Summary: I had conversation with my professor about post-graduation plans. She advised me on how to
stand out in the application process and what to prepare for, such as letter of recommendation and
making network are two most important aspects.

11. A conversation between a professor and a student about writing a grant proposal for your
department. (Formal Conversation)

Summary: I asked my professor for help with a grant proposal, and he agreed to assist me in writing a
proposal for a new research project. She also provided some suggestions to increase my chances of
success.

12. You are a student on an astronomy course. You ask your professor to explain in more detail what
was discussed in the last class. (Formal Conversation)

Summary: In conversation with my professor, I asked them to elaborate on the previous lesson about
associations in astrology. We discussed the concept from an astrological perspective.
13. You’re a student in an economics class. You had been curious about the difference between
absolute and comparative advantage in international trade. You ask your professor to help you
understand. (Formal Conversation)

Summary: I asked my professor to explain the difference between absolute and comparative advantage
in international trade. She provided an explanation and an example to illustrate how comparative
advantages work in practice.
14. You’re a student in a psychology course. You want clarification about the differences between
classical and operant conditioning in psychology, so you ask your professor. (Formal Conversation)

Summary: I sought clarification from my professor about the differences between classical and operant
conditioning in psychology. She explained the differences and provided a practical example.

15. You're trying to analyze a case study for your Sociology class, but you're having trouble
understanding the implications. You ask a senior for help since she did very well in the class last
semester. (Casual conversation)

Summary: In a conversation with a classmate, we discussed why a case study is relevant to a larger
sociological field. My friend offered to explain it in further details over dinner.
Duo lingo Speaking

List Of Expected IELTS Cue Cards

• A part-time job you would wish to pursue abroad

• The shopping experience in a street market
• An interesting thing you saw on social media
• A city where you want to live in the future
• Talk about your favorite singer
• A piece of local news that intrigued you
• A new public-private building you would want to visit
• Moving to a new school or shifting to a new home
• One of the most difficult things you have done
• A book that you enjoy reading
• A café you would like to visit
• A leisure activity that you would want to try near or in the sea
• Art and craft activity that you had at school
• An occasion where you did not use your time properly
• A quiet place you would like to visit
• A movie you liked
• A time when you helped your friend
• Describe a time when you were late for some work
• A company that you wish to be employed at
• A website that you often use
• An idol who you looked up to when you were a child
• A risk that led to a positive outcome
• A gadget that is your favorite
• A movie that is your inspiration
• An experience that you found the most exciting
• A practical skill you have learned
• A family member with whom you bond well with
• An aspect of science that interests you
• A short journey that you had taken but ended up disliking it
• Experience of visiting a farm
• Your favorite author
• A song or poem on the history of the country
• The habit your friend has and why you would like to develop that
• Explain what would you do if you won a large prize money
 • An advertisement that remained in your memory
• Experience in solving a puzzle
• A creative personality whose work you look up to
• A friend who has played a pivotal role in your life
• Explain why you admire the certain businessman
• A poisonous plant that exists in your homeland or country
• An electronic device you wish to own
• Describe an occasion which you were afraid of
• An ambition that you have harnessed over a long period of time
• Description of a dream that you wish to come true
• An experience where you had been cheated
• An important decision you made
• Your favorite politician
• An application made through AI
• A pandemic that you experienced
• A time which made you revisit your opinion and change it

Favourite
These are cue cards topics that ask you about things you like.

• Describe your favourite picture or photography you like

• A song that has special meaning to you
• A story/ novel interests you
• Describe a special or favourite toy you liked in your childhood
• Describe a favourite song that you like
• Describe a restaurant you like (to go to)/ that impresses you
• Exciting sport
• Describe an indoor game that you would like to play
• Describe an area of science you like or interested in
• Describe a free time activity you like to do after study or work
• What Lake, River, or Sea Do You Like to Visit?
• Describe a museum you've been to and enjoyed.
• Describe a culture from abroad that you admire.
• Describe your favourite swimming spot.
• What is your favorite newspaper or magazine?
Time-based

These cards provide prompts to discuss occurrences that have happened in the past, are happening in
the present, and will take place in the future.

• A subject at school
• Things you want to buy in the future
• An age/stage in your life you enjoyed most
• Which family member do you spend the most time with
• Time You Used a Foreign Language to communicate
• Time when you failed to keep an appointment
• something you did that was time-wasting
• Describe an occasion when you were staring at the sky
• Tell about a time when you received good news.
• Talk about a moment when you were extremely busy.
• Describe a time when you felt incredibly scared.
• Tell about a time you got lost.
• Share an occasion when you answered a call from a stranger.
• Describe A time whenever you borrowed anything
• Share an instance when you used the internet to find a solution.

Person

These are types of cue cards where you will ask about your friend or a guide.

• A person you admire/love essay

• Describe someone you consider a good leader
• Describe one of your family member you spend the most time with
• An occasion you unexpectedly met someone for the first time
• Describe someone in the news you like to meet
• Someone/something made a lot of noise
• An older person who you admire
• A good/best friend
• Describe an old friend
• Describe a family member
• An interesting neighbor you like
• Talk about an interesting conversation you had with a stranger
• A person speak a second (foreign) language well
• A time when you waited for something or someone to arrive
 • Describe a person you recently met
• Describe a Person who has done a lot of Work to Help People
• Describe a renowned person you would like to meet
• Describe a person who is friendly to other
• Talk About a Person who Inspired you
• A person with foreign language proficiency
• Describe a person who has lived with you in the past.
• Describe a person you have seen who is attractive or handsome
• Describe a person with interesting ideas or viewpoints.
• Name a person who supported you in achieving a goal.
• Describe a historical person.

Family

On these kinds of cue cards, you will be asked to discuss your family.

• Describe your family

• Describe a family event you are looking forward to
• Describe a family picnic or tour you have had
• Mention A Family You Know.
• Talk about a hobby someone in your family has
• Share an experience of teaching your friend or family member
• Describe a Family Member
• Describe a family not your own that you like

Object

These cue cards will query you about various items such as objects.

• Describe a picture or photograph in your home

• A gift you gave that took a long time to choose
• Describe a piece of electronic equipment that you find useful
• A time you borrowed something useful
• A house/apartment you like to live in
• A product you were happy with
• An item of clothing that someone bought for you
• Describe a painting or work of art
• Describe a time someone or something made noise
• Describe an electronic machine you want to buy
 • Describe an antique item at your home
• Describe a time when you misplaced something.
• Describe Something you want to Buy but can’t Afford
• Describe Something You Liked Very Much Which You Bought for your Home
• Describe Something Colourful that you Bought in the Past

Place
These are the cards that prompt you to talk about places that you plan to go to or have already been.

• A place you remember well that is full of color

• A country you have not been to yet
• A street that you like to visit
• Describe a polluted place
• A place near water you visited
• Describe a place where you often go to relax
• Describe a city or a town
• Describe a place that has a special meaning to you
• Describe a place that you have visited and particularly liked
• Describe a place you would like to visit
• Describe a peaceful place you have visited
• Describe a transportation problem in your city/town
• Describe a place you know that has a beautiful environment
• Describe a historical place that you know
• Describe an interesting place in your home town
• Describe a foreign country you have never been to
• Describe a house/apartment you like to live in
• Describe a city you want to visit in the future
• Describe a country you have visited
• Describe a trip which was not up to your expectations
• Describe a place where you are able to relax
• Describe a quiet place
• Describe a café that you have been to/that you like
Work/study:

• A project at work or homework assignment

• A course you like to study and found useful
• Describe a piece of work you did quickly
• Describe your dream/ideal/perfect job
• Describe something that you want to learn more
• Describe an educational tv programme that you have seen
• Describe your study room
• Describe a school you have studied in
• Describe an idea you had for improving something at work or college
• Describe an unusual job
• Describe a seminar or workshop you have attended
• Describe a subject that you did not like in the past, but now you like it
• Describe a project that you were once involved in
• Describe a well-paid job you would like to have in the future
• Describe a job your grandparents did
• Describe a subject you used to dislike but now have interest in
• Describe a free day off study or work
• Describe a part-time job you have ever done

Emotions/aspirations:

• Ambition you have not yet achieved

• Describe something a child that made you laugh
• A paid job you/a friend enjoyed doing
• An experience you had as a member of a team
• A disagreement you had with a friend
• A recent activity or event that made you happy
• A difficult decision you made in your life
• A tv program that made you laugh
• A goal that you have
• Describe the best and exciting experience in your life
• Describe an exciting or interesting thing you did
• Describe an advertisement which you found very persuasive
• A time you use your imagination
• A time you need to use imagination
• A book that had a major influence on you
 • Describe a success your friend has had or achieved
• A special and memorable meal you have had
• A situation made you angry
• Describe an experience you spent time with a child that you know
• A positive experience when you were a teenager
• Describe an unusual/ an unforgettable or memorable meal
• Describe a time you were friendly to someone you didn’t like
• Describe an ambition you have not achieved yet
• Describe how you behaved in a stressful situation
• Describe a song that has special meaning for you
• Describe a piece of information that you think is not correct
• Describe a decision which you have made that you feel was wrong

Occasions :

• An occasion when you got up very early in the morning

• Describe a birthday party celebration that you attended
• Describe a party that you enjoyed
• Describe an occasion when you received good service from a company
• Describe an occasion when you got up extremely early
• Describe an occasion when you wore your best clothes
• An occasion a home appliance broke down
• Describe an occasion you borrowed something from somebody

Recall:

• Describe a teacher from your past that you remember

• Describe a photograph that you remember
• Describe a garden you remember visiting
• Describe a dream you remember well
• Describe a childhood memory you have
• Describe a happy childhood event you remember
• Describe a journey that you remember well
• Describe a new year celebration that you still remember
• Describe something you remember from your school or college days
• Describe a rainy day you can remember
• Describe a pleasant surprise you had
Popular:

• Describe a story popular in your country

• Describe a popular musical instrument in your country
• Describe a famous celebrity from your country
• Describe a popular sport in your country
• Describe a popular event in your country

Activity:

• Describe a leisure activity (a game, hobby, or sport) that is popular in your country
• Describe an indoor game you have enjoyed playing in your free time
• Describe an indoor game that you played in your childhood
• Describe an free time activity you like to do after study or work
• A recent activity or event that made you happy
• Art or craft activity you did at school
• Describe a game you play on your cell phone
• Describe an activity you recently took part in
• Describe an exciting sport you know
• Describe an indoor game that you liked to play when you were a child
• Describe a sport that you have learned
• Describe a sport you enjoy playing
• Describe an activity you enjoy doing in your free time
• Describe a competition that you took part in
• Describe an activity that you enjoy that takes place in or near water
• Describe an unusual activity you’ve recently taken up

Something important:

• Describe an important change in your life

• Describe something you own which is very important to you
• Describe a festival that is important in your country
• Describe an important conversation that Influenced You
• Describe a gift you have received that was important to you
• Describe an important historical event in your country
• Describe an important letter or email you wrote
• Describe a traffic rule or law you know about
• Describe a time when you forgot something important
• Describe an important decision that you made with the help of others
 • Describe something you have always wanted to do but have not done yet
• Describe something important you have learned recently
• Describe something important that you bought recently

Life :

• Describe an invention that has changed people's life

• Describe life in a particular period of history
• Describe a typical day in your life when you were a child
• An age/stage in your life you enjoyed most
• A difficult decision you made in your life
• Describe the Best and exciting experience in your life
• Describe a success in your life
• Describe a life-changing experience you have had

Event:

• A memorable event from your school days

• Describe an event you felt unhappy about
• A recent activity or event that made you happy
• Describe a particular event in which you were successful
• Describe a birthday party or celebration that you attended recently
• Describe an event when someone denied your request
• Describe an outdoor sport you played for the first time
• Describe a party you attended before
• Describe a music concert you have seen
• Describe a wedding you have attended

Someone :

• Describe something kind that someone did for you

• Talk about a situation when you taught something to someone
• Describe a time you were friendly to someone you didn’t like
• Describe a time someone or something made noise
• An item of clothing that someone bought for you
• Describe someone in the news you like to meet
• An occasion you unexpectedly met someone for the first time
• Describe someone you consider a good leader
• Describe the advice you gave someone
 • Describe a decision made by others you disagreed with
• Describe a situation when you had to be nice to someone you dislike
• Describe a couple you know who have a happy marriage
• Describe someone you know who is a good teacher
• Describe a time when you first met someone
• Describe an occasion when you had to wait a long time for someone

Child :

• Describe a child whom you know

• Describe something a child that made you laugh
• Describe an experience you spent time with a child
• Describe a game (not a sport) you played in your childhood
• Describe where did you live when you were a child

Who you admire:

• Describe an artist or entertainer you admire

• Describe the person in your family who you most admire
• Describe a creative person whom you admire the most
• Describe a person you love/like/admire
• Describe an old person you admire the most

Useful:

• Describe a useful plant you know about

• Describe a useful website you have visited
• Describe a piece of electronic equipment that you find useful
• A time you borrowed something useful
• Describe a blog or news that you find useful
• Describe a documentary you find useful
• Describe a channel you find useful
App/mobile

• A program or an app in your computer/ phone

• Describe an app you use on your mobile phone
• Describe a time when you were not allowed to use a mobile phone
• Describe a website you have bought something from
• Describe an app you mostly buy things

Business:

• Describe a successful small company or business that you know

• Describe a successful businessman you know
• Describe your idea of starting a new business
• Describe a small business you want to start
• Describe a businessman you admire

Movie:

• Describe a movie or performance you recently watched

• Film/movie that you watched and did not enjoy
• Describe a Hollywood film you liked
• A Character in a Movie/Tv Program you like
• Describe a film or TV program that made you laugh a lot

Famous:

• Describe a famous person that you are interested in

• Describe a famous building/landmark
• Describe a famous food item
• Describe a famous athlete you know.
• Describe a famous chef you know.

Interesting:

• Describe an interesting talk or a lecture you have heard

• Describe an interesting story you have read or heard
• Describe an exciting or interesting thing you did in past
 • Describe an interesting animal you have ever seen
• Describe a piece of local news that you found interesting
• Describe a story or a novel that was interesting to you
• Describe a bicycle/motorbike/car trip that is interesting
• Describe an area of science that interests you
• Describe a big/large company you are interested in
• Describe something interesting you learned from the internet
• Describe a book you have recently read
• Describe an interesting house or apartment you visited

Gift :

• Describe the best gift you have ever received

• A gift you gave to someone that took a long time for you to Select
• Talk about a gift you received in your childhood.
• Describe a gift you received on your birthday.
• Describe something you bought this year.
• Describe a memorable gift.
• Describe a valuable possession you have.

Change:

• Describe a change that will improve your local area

• Describe a change you would like to have in you.
• Describe an important change in your life.
• Describe a positive change in your life
• A change which has changed your life

Your country:

• Describe a serious environmental problem in your country

• Describe a Landscape in Your Country
• Describe an important day you celebrate in your country
• Describe an interesting part of your country
• Describe an important plant in your country
Health:

• Describe a health problem you once had

• Describe something healthy you enjoy doing
• Describe a practice that you undertake to maintain your fitness and well-being.
• Describe an article about health that you came across either online or in a magazine.
• Describe a healthy way of living that you are familiar with.
• Describe a physical activity or sport that you engage in for the purpose of staying fit.
• Describe an endeavor that you undertake for your physical or mental health.
• Describe an experience where you did something beneficial for your health.

Memories:

• A childhood event that made you happy

• A photograph that is really close to your heart
• Describe a memorable event in your life.
• Describe a funny childhood event.
• Describe something you can recall from your childhood.
• How did you spend your childhood?
• Who was your childhood hero?
• Describe an event you remember clearly.
• Describe an interesting event you still remember.

Routine:

• Your favorite part of the day

• Describe a time of the day that you like.
• Have you ever changed your routine?
• Do you usually have the same routine every day?
• Do you think it is important to have a daily routine for your study?
• What part of your day do you like the best?
• What is the busiest part of the day for you?

Sports

• A sport you enjoy playing

• A gathering you had been to
• Any activity you want to try
 • Describe a popular sport or game in your country.
• Describe a sport you like to play.
• Describe the most popular sports in your hometown.
• Describe an outdoor activity you participate in.
• What sports did you do at school?
• What sports do you play to keep fit?

Travel:

• A place you desire to visit.

• A recent trip you took
• A place you consider to be contaminated
• Describe a visit to one of your relative's house.
• Describe your journey to your hometown.
• Describe a journey you took to a foreign country.
• Talk about a journey you disliked.

Experience:

• A time when you imagined something

• Any situation that had made you grumpy or angry
• Describe the Best experience in your life ·
• Describe an exciting experience in your life ·
• An experience you had as a member of a team
• Describe an experience you had with a child you know
• A positive experience when you were a teenager

Food:

• Delicious supper anything you ate outside

• Describe a food item you often eat.
• Describe Your favorite food joint you have had with your friends.
• Describe a food you eat outside your home.
• Describe a food item you know how to cook.
• Describe a food you had with your friends.
Reading

• Your preferred book

• A website that you frequently visit
• Describe the Best Comics to read
• Describe an exciting book to read
• Describe the best newspaper to read.
• Positive feedback when reading a novel.

Entertainment

• Funny comedian who you find entertaining

• Your favorite television programs
• Describe an interesting song
• Describe a toy you liked in your childhood
• Describe your favourite movie

Buildings

• A building which you like

• Describe a building or construction which impressed you
• Describe a modern building
• Describe an old building that you like
• Describe a tall building in your city you like or dislike

News

• Any good news that you have received recently

• Describe a news story you have read or heard about recently
• Describe a piece of local news that people are interested in
• Describe a piece of international news you have just recently heard

Other cue cards:

• A law about environment

• An article about healthy living that you read from magazine or online
• A film you watched at home or in a cinema
• The first time you used a foreign language to communicate
• Local news people interested in
• Describe something you learned in a place or from someone
• A meal you had with your friends in a restaurant
• A sport you have learned
• Describe a family you know
• Describe a skill
• Describe a natural landscape scenery
• Describe a bicycle/bike/ car trip
• Describe a language other than english you would like to learn
• Describe a game/ sport
• Describe a big/large company you are interested in
• A time you miss an appointment
• Something you did which was a waste of time
• An important letter or email you wrote
• Art or craft activity you did at school
• Describe something you do that keeps you fit and healthy
• Describe a time when you were looked at the sky
Speaking Cue card for Duo lingo:

1. Describe a performance you have watched. Please say

– Where was it?

– What kind of performance was it?
– What did you like the most about it?

2. Talk about a challenge you encountered. Please say

– What was the challenge?
– When and where was the challenge?
– How did you overcome it?
– What made it unforgettable?

3. Talk about a special, memorable moment. Please say

– When it was
What happened?
– Why it was special
– How you felt at the time.

4.Talk about a time when you have visited a crowded place. Please say
– What the place was
– Why you went there
– With whom you went there
– And whether or not you enjoyed your visit.

5.Talk about an article you read online that was about healthy living. Please say
– When you read it
– What in particular it was about
– What you learnt from it

6. Talk about an occasion when you couldn’t use your mobile phone. Please say
– when it happened
– what happened to your phone
– how it made you feel

7. Talk about an occasion when you were forced to change your plans because of the weather. Please say
When did this happen?
– Where were you?
– What kind of weather was?
– Explain why you had to change your plans

8. Talk about something you bought that was difficult to use at first. Please say
– What is it?
– When did you buy it?
– What does it do?
– Why was it difficult to use for the first time?
9. Talk about something that you borrowed from a person you know. Please say:
– What you borrowed
– When you borrowed it
– Why you borrowed it
– And when you returned it.

10. Talk about a situation when you were late. Please say
– What you were late for
– Why you were late
– What happened because you were late
– How you felt about it

11. Talk about a time when you felt happy. Please say
– What made you happy
– Where you were
– Who was there with you
– And why you felt happy about this.

12.Talk about a place that is full of color. Please say

– What place this is
– Where it is located
– What people do there
– How you learned about this place.

13. Describe an incident where someone apologized to you. You should say:
– Who was it?
– When was it?
– What did the person say?
– Why was this incident memorable to you?

14. Talk about a dream home you would like to live in. Please say
– What kind of home would it be?
– Why would you like to live in it?
– Who would you like to live with?

15. Talk about a place where you go to read or write (except for your home). Please say
– What place this is
– Where it is located
– With whom you go there
– How often you visit this place.

16. Talk about a movie you watched that you liked. Please say
– What was the movie?
– Why did you like it?
– Would you recommend it to a friend?
17. Talk about different kinds of local food available in your country. Please say
– What are they?
– Do you buy or make these kinds of food?
– Can you find these dishes in other countries?

18. Talk about a goal that you set up for yourself and how you achieved it. Please say
– What was the goal?
– What did you do to achieve it?
– What was the hardest part for you?

19. Describe a situation where you helped or offered help to somebody. Please say
– When and where was it?
– What kind of help did you offer?
– Who was the person you offered it to?

20. Describe an incident where someone apologized to you. You should say:
– Who was it?
– When was it?
– What did the person say?
– Why was this incident memorable to you?

21. Describe an incident when you were delayed or late. Please say
– What was it?
– What did you do?
– How did you get there?

22. Talk about a uniform that you wore in the past. Please say
– Describe it.
– Where and when was it?
– How did you feel about wearing a uniform?

3. Describe a sports or work team where you participate. Please say

– What is it?
– When and why did you join it?
– Can you give a brief description of the team members?

24. Talk about an interesting thing that your friend has done, that influenced you and made you want to do the
same. Please say
– What was it?
– When and where would you like to do it?
– Why would you like to do it?

25. Talk about a celebrity that you know. Please say

– Who is the celebrity?
– Where do you usually see him/her?
– What does he/she do?
26. Describe a book that you read. Please say
– What kind of book it is
– Why you read this book
– When you read it

27. Talk about a teenager that you know well. Please say
– Who is he/she?
– How did you meet him/her?
– Can you describe him/her?

28. Describe a city in your country that you would like to visit. Please say
– What and where is it?
– What can people do there?
– Why do you want to go there?

29. Talk about your favorite website. Please say

– What is it?
– What is it about?
– How often do you use it? Why?

30. Talk about an old building in your home town that you like to visit. Please say
– What and where is it?
– Why do you like to go there?
– Describe what it looks like.

31. Describe a street that you visited to buy something. Please say:
– Where the street is
– When you visited it
– What you bought, and
– How you felt after that.

32. Talk about someone whom you helped with your studies.
Please say
– Who was he/she?
– Why did you help him/her?
– How did you feel after that?

33. Describe a decision that you had made with the help of another
person. Please say
– What decision was it?
– When was it and who helped you?
– How did you feel after making the decision?
34. Talk about a sport that you really want to try in the future. Please
say
– Why you like it
– When you first watched it
– When you want to play it.

35. Talk about a thing that you would like to replace. Please say
– What is it?
– Why do you want to replace it?
– What will you replace it with?

36. Talk about your childhood friend with whom you are still in touch today.
Please say
– Who is he/she?
– How and when did you both meet?
– Is he/she your best friend?

37. Talk about something that you wear only for special occasions.
Please say
– What is it?
– Where and when did you buy it?
– How do you feel when you wear it?

38. Talk about a complaint that you made to a company recently, and were pleased with the result. Please say
– What was the complaint?
– What did you ask them to do about it?
– Why were you pleased with the result?

39. Talk about your favorite comedy actor/actress. Please say

– Who is he/she?
– What do you like about him/her?
– Is he/she the same in real life?

40. Describe a time when you received money as a gift. Please say
– When did you receive it?
– What did you do with it?
– How did you feel about it?

41. Describe an interesting person that you would like to meet in the future. Please say
– Who is the person?
– What do you like about him/her?
– What is the interesting thing about that person?

42. Talk about an exercise or a trick that helps you concentrate at home or at work. Please say
– What do you do?
– When and where do you do it?
– Why is it important for you to concentrate?
43. Talk about a language that you would like to learn apart from English. Please say
– What is it?
– Why do you want to learn it?
– What benefits will you have from learning it?

44. Talk about a popular place in your country and say

– What and where is this place?
– What can people do or see there?
– Why is it popular?

45. Talk about a comic actor/actress who is popular in your country. Please say
– Who is he/she?
– Why is he/she popular?
– How did you know about him/her?

47. Describe a job you would be interested to do. Please say

– What job is it?
– What skills do you need for this job?
– What makes it interesting?

48. Tell a story that you know well. Please say

– Who told you this story?
– What is the story about?
– Why do you still remember it?

49. Talk about a person who talks too much. Please say
– Who is that person?
– What is his/her relationship to you?
– What does he/she usually talk about?

50. Talk about an animal that you like. Please say

– What is it?
– When and where did you see it for the first time?
– Why do you like it?

51. Talk about a small successful company you know, you should say
– How do you know about this company?
– How long do you know them?
– Why do you think they are successful?

52. Talk about a goal you have achieved in your life. Please say
– What was the goal?
– When did you set it?
– How was it achieved?
– How did you feel about it later
 BRAIN STORM

ESSAYS
NOT A BURDEN NOW

BRAIN STORM MAKES POSSIBLE

PAGE NO - 1
 BRAIN STORM

GLOBAL CONCERN

G1.Fresh water has become a global problem for the world. What are the causes
of it? What measures government and individual should take to resolve to the
problem? Give reasons and e.g. for your answer.

DEARTH OF FRESH WATER

Causes Measures - Government
Population increase Awareness campaign
Water pollution A forestation
Extensive industrialization strict rules and regulation
Conventional agriculture heavy penalties
Lack Of sewage management industries norms
Deforestation make reservoirs
Disturbing rain cycle water purifying plants
Waste in Household chores Water meters
less conservation system
illiterate society Individual
Support government
Self discipline
control usage
reduce, reuse, recycle
rain water harvest
eco friendly prods

PAGE NO - 2
 BRAIN STORM

Suggested Introduction

is getting global concern which is majorly due to

the should be addressed with the conscious efforts of the
government and individuals for the betterment of the world we
know.

The world has been suffering from the burning issue of

which has plays significant role in global problems, mainly as the
result of daily usage of the govt and individual should take
conscious step to resolve

Suggested Conclusion

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded

that by getting futuristic and proactive we can make the changes
favorable to us

“NO WATER , NO LIFE”

“Save water today, Water will save us tomorrow”

PAGE NO - 3
 BRAIN STORM

G-2 -Now a days pollution is increasing , there are many reasons to it .

Use Of plastic products and plastic bags has increased which cannot
be recycled which creates pollution in the environment.0 what steps
people and government should take to reduce it , give reasons and
examples for your answer.

Pollution - Use plastic products

REASONS MEASURES

increase in population Afforestation

aggressive Materialisation Awareness campaign
more disposable income strict rules and regulations
deforestation Norms of industries
usage of private transportation heavy penalties
industrialisation use ecofriendly products
Factory emission celebrate environmental days
nuclear tests and reactors ( INDIVIDUALS)
tourism industry self discipline
lack of discipline Support government
sewage management usage of bicycle
celebrate - eco friendly festivals
usage of papers

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

The world has been suffering from the burning issue of global warning which has
plays significant role in global problems, mainly as the result of increasing
pollution, the government and individual should take conscious step to resolve

PAGE NO - 4
 BRAIN STORM

G-3 - Today people are using the things and throwing or replacing it with latest
models or latest fashion. Do the disadvantages of throwing away society out
weigh any possible economic advantage. Give reasons and example.

Disposable / Replacement culture

Advantages Disadvantages

update with fashion Ewastage

money flows in economy global warming
development of nation wastage of money
producers gain wastage of raw material
motivated invention , research demand increases
employment increases price hiking
latest technologies Addicted
fast life / saves time quality decreases
cheaper , a change
opulent life style

Suggested Introduction 1

In this fast moving world where people for satisfying their endless desires put
durability on the back seat and their disposable income gets disposed at ecstasy
in replacing the old products with the latest ones.

Suggested Introduction 2

The world has been suffering from the burning issue of global warning which has
plays significant role in global problems, mainly as the result of increasing throw
away or disposable culture, the government and individual should take conscious
step to resolve

PAGE NO - 5
 BRAIN STORM

G-4 - The government should increase the price of petrol in order to

resolve the traffic problems and pollution. Do you agree or disagree

Prices of petrol - Increase

Agree Disagree

Increase the cost of transportation increase velocity

decrease the usage of vehicles poor public transport fewquency
public transport increase in public transport also
Durability ( BRTS ) compromise on other things
decrease pollution do not leave status
walk near by - improves health aggrassive materialisation
CNG , Electric option fuels
organisations - staff buses

Suggested Introduction

The world has been suffering from the burning issue of the traffic mishaps
and the pollution created by the traffic are being tried to be resolved by the
governments around the globe by hiking the price of petrol which could be
one of the solution but still controversial.

PAGE NO - 6
 BRAIN STORM

G-5 -The best way to reduce the number of traffic accidents is to make
all young drivers complete a safe driving education course before
being licensed to drive.

Traffic Accidents - Safe driving course

Why ? Accidents outcome of course

Population increase - Vehicles knowledge of road rules

traffic mishaps, accidents , casualties self discipline
Discipline lane driving
lack of knowledge smooth and active transmute
corruption , control save time , money and fuel
no implementation of rules of roads improve longevity of vehicle
inadequate traffic staff reduce casualties
speed zones distinguish between safe
road infrastructure and normal driving
trend Of extravagance

Suggested introduction

In this fast moving world where speed and extravagance are the blood
of youngsters accompanied with drastic increased population who are
abusing the traffic norms by extensive use of private transportation has
led to such traffic issues needed to be intervened by the compulsory
driving education course to secure safe driving

PAGE NO - 7
 BRAIN STORM

G-6- Nowadays we produce more and more rubbish. Why do you

think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the
amount of rubbish produced?

Rubbish
Reasons Measures
Disposable culture awareness campaigns
Globalization imposing rules and regulation
excessive use plastic heavy penalties
illiterate society recycling industries
E wastages ban on plastic usage
lack of sewage management alternate sewage system
industrial waste bio e wastage
tourism industry reuse , reduce, recycle
hospitality

Suggested introduction 1

It is the world of globalization where population has been increasing by leaps and
bounds coupled with rubbish left in order to live opulent lifestyle has done a
considerable harm needed to resolve by the government at the earliest priority

Suggested introduction 2

The world has been suffering from the burning issue of the global warming
which plays vital role in global concerns and this is mainly because of the
increasing rubbish, where government and individuals should take the
conscious steps to resolve the problem.

PAGE NO - 8
 BRAIN STORM

Global concerns – Related to nature

GC-7 - Prevent animal and Plants from decaying out. Even though the
world is aware of the problem since long about the dying out of
animals and plants, what care should be taken for the prevention of
this? Give reasons and examples.

Animal and Plant decay

Care for prevention Reasons
Afforestation animal consumes
forests are the lungs of earth aggressive materialisation
wild life , Zoos, Sanctuaries lack of awareness
recycle plastic , garbage management for hobby
celebrate enrvironment day increase dwellings
animal health center lack of veterinary doctors
improve fertility of land use of fertilizers
laws , legislations, penalties leather industry
ceramic Industry - animal bones

• God has divined us with lot of beautiful things and from that
human beings dominate the rest of the Species and to satisfy their
aggressive materialization and fulfill selfishness indulge in
deforestation and killing animals.
• God has divined us with lot of beautiful things and plants and
animals are the important parts of vicious cycle which are been
decay by the selfish purpose of human needs to be taken care off
for better environmental balance.

PAGE NO - 9
 BRAIN STORM

GC-8 -Many People spoil natural beauties like sea beaches,

mountains, lakes. People are responsible for that . What should be
done to conserve the beauty? Give reasons and examples for your
answer.

Natural beauties – spoilt

Responsible Measures
Travel , tourism , Aviation awareness campaign
Hospitality industry strict rules and regulations
indiscipline of people heavy penalties
industrial emissions better sewage system
drainage system ban industries to certain areas
shipping industry ban on plastic products
Pollution visitor instruction manuals
mining industry fish catching restricted
Deforestation
green house effect
religious ceremony

Suggested Introduction

God has divined us with many beautiful things where natural beauties
are the part that which are been destroyed by humans for their selfish
purposes which should be constrained by government and individuals
to conserve the beauty of the nature.

PAGE NO - 10
 BRAIN STORM

GC-9-Forests are the lungs of the earth destruction of the world’s

forests amount to death of world we currently know. To what extent
do you agree or disagree?

ZOOs
Necessary Poor alternative

conserve endangered species need huge landscape

awareness to people garbage - sewage
visual perception investment by government
children education fulfill purpose , sanctuaries
Form of entertainment inhabitants
good medication cruelty on our part
tourist spots harassment

Suggested Introduction 1

Beauty of the nature lies in the diversity which the god divined us in the form of
animals , rivers, oceans , flowers , and many more. Nature is shared not only by
the humans , as animals are essential to maintain ecosystem could be conserved
in the zoo’s led to the controversies as to their conservation

PAGE NO - 11
 BRAIN STORM

GC-10-Killing animals and using their flesh for food is not right. Do you
agree or disagree?

Killing animals 4 food - not right

Agree Disagree

Stop Extinction 57%non vegetarian

conserve endangered species increase population of animals
destruct diversity imbalance inenvironment
detest cycle of life create landscape issues
create disease like swine flu factoriesbased on Non veg
abundance milk
household chores

Suggested introduction

The god has divined us with natural beauty where extinction of animals adds to
diversity have been being killed by human being killed by human being for their
food is controversial.

PAGE NO - 12
 BRAIN STORM

EDUCATION
E-1- Some universities make Students specialized in a single subject, Other
universities make Students take courses in many different subjects. Which
policy do you think is better? Use example and reasons to explain .

University
Several Subjects Single subject
Gain knowledge Expertise , Excellence
Various Subjects desired results
Increase area of exploration Reduce burden of Studies
cope with competition choose as per interest
open flood gates depth studies
several career Reduce burden of Studies
Hard work Research - Name and fame
wide array of choices

less leisure activities less opportunities

monotonous studies particular field only
increase stress and strain
time constraint

PAGE NO - 13
 BRAIN STORM

Suggested Introduction
Colleges Or Universities - A university is the place where “Pebbles are polished
and diamonds are dimmed” itself signifies the significant significance of the
education where is a moot issue
Schools and Education - Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of
each and every citizen / student that decides the career of the student
and of the country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time
of taking any decision, in such a scenario is a
moot issue.

Important sentences for BODY PART 1

- If we talk about education, education has transcended national barrier

and enhanced its scope globally in such a scenario

-Education is the rudimentary right of each and every citizen / student

-Education enriches one’s awareness to life

-Education empowers the student with skills and abilities that allows
them to withstand with today’s competitive

PROVERBS ON EDUCATION
“ Pebbles are polished and diamonds are dimmed “
“Education is transmission of civilization”
“Education is not the ending but it is the end of the beginning”
“Encouragement is nine tenth of education”
“Education is not the process of life but it is life itself.”
“Make a candle to light, read a book to get enlightened
“Practice makes the man perfect”
“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”
Education leads to edification

PAGE NO - 14
 BRAIN STORM

E-2 - Students are overloaded with home work now a days from
school, rather than home work some believes that school should
focus and give more time to other activities which will help then in
their growth as by the over burden they loose their skill and abilities.
Do you agree or disagree

STUDENTS - SCHOOLS
OTHER ACTIVITIES HOME WORK
Practical form Pratice
physical fitness Enhance knowledge
improve mental ability exam oriented
Inner abilities taste of teacher
- Creativity – Innovation makes study easier
Skills development Concentration
- Team and time management enhance confidence
- leadership
Sportsman spirit
reduce burden of studies
Rejuvenates
Extrovert
Pursue as career
Name and fame
Disadvantage Disadvantage
Destruct Studies Monotonous
inferiority complex bookish knowledge
waste of time / money introvert – isolated
Defocus no outdoor activities
Faliures - depression remain in boundries
-manipulation ruin childhood
- Feeling of revenge

PAGE NO - 15
 BRAIN STORM

INTRODUCTION

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario emphasizing more on other activities to
the homework is a moot issue.
CONCLUSION

Agg --- that more the literate society , more the developed nation hence
other activities should be pursued as leisure activity and should be imparted
balanced focus with academic curriculum

OR

Compiling all the topics discussed above it can be Concluded that in

order to keep the pace with the competitive world access to other
activities is inevitable.

PAGE NO - 16
 BRAIN STORM

E-3- University should accept the equal number of male and female
students in each subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

Male = Female Male not = female

-equality /opportunity more occupance
-avoid partiality destruct families
-literate ratio fleid scenario
-feminism Egoism
-sophisticated society destruct culture
-better understanding /mutuality
-marriage , career
-disposable income , opulence
-materialistic approach
-completion

Suggested Introduction
Colleges Or Universities - A university is the place where “Pebbles are polished
and diamonds are dimmed” itself signifies the significant significance of the
education where keeping equal number of male and female students in a
particular subject is a moot issue

Suggested Conclusion

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded that a mother
who breeds any gender with love care and affection has enough potential to
stand with males be It academic field, social or professional hence they should be
given opportunity on their caliber.

PAGE NO - 17
 BRAIN STORM

E-4 - Should children in the class be permitted to study more with

computers and calculators or they should do it more with books. Do you
agree or disagree give reasons to justify your answers.

Schools - Caluclators and computers

Calculator and computers Books
Faster , smarter , smoother Enhance knowlwdge
Easy Access authentic data
Advanced technology course limited information
Accurate easy to carry
Audio , visual effects logical and mental strength
Multi tasking possible easy to understand
paperless device access to required info only
release burden of studies
Saving data

Dis advantages Dis advantages

disturb studies Limited source
Defocus no updations possible
effect vision, gesture , posture uses natural resource - trees
complex structure Monotonus
technology depepndent dearth of availablility
stop mental development addressing single person

PAGE NO - 18
 BRAIN STORM

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario allowing computers and calculators in
the schools may lead to controversies

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

In this ever changing technological world technology is on the move

and allowing calculators and computers would be the step toward
making technology savvy individuals but it may engender to
controversies.

CONCLUSION 1

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded that

in order to stand with the world which is totally technological base,
students should be allowed to be with computers and calculators adds
its advantages overweighs disadvantages.

CONCLUSION 2

Agg ….that to keep the pace with the world society needs multi
talented individuals which would be fetched by the acquaintance with
computers and calculators during early studies.

PAGE NO - 19
 BRAIN STORM

E-5- UNIFORM BAN - IN SCHOOL

Uniforms should be banned from schools as it distracts the children’s

personality. Do you agree or disagree above statement. Give your
views?

UNIFORM – BAN
AGREE DISAGREE
Monotonous Unity - Uniqueness
Need change avoid partiality
Imitate others differentiate from others
own identification school identification
attractive attires helpful in emergency
enjoy fullest inferiority complex
Defocus poor can afford
superiority complex healthy competition

PAGE NO - 20
 BRAIN STORM

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario putting ban on uniforms from the
schools may lead to controversies

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2
Uniformity and discipline are the virtues of the life which should be
inculcated in each and every citizen for sophistication in society where the
schools displays the unity in the form of uniforms and putting ban on that
may be seen as playing with the future of society.

SUGGESTED CONCLUSION

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above, it can be concluded that

uniform itself means unity formation which signifies the significant
significance of uniform.

PAGE NO - 21
 BRAIN STORM

E-6 - Young People are encouraged to travel or work for a year after
high school and before university studies. Write the advantages and
disadvantages of this matter.

TRAVEL - WORK
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
practical knowledge Destruct Studies
career choice disposable money
experience world time consuming
culture and tradition Delay
new languages expensive
geographical knowledge squandering of important time
Extrovert squander money , energy
Earning may get addicted
Refresh – rejuvenate divert the focus

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

In this fast moving world, when the demand of the multi talented and
multi skilled persons is increasing, in such scenario giving the student
experience of work or travel before college studies is worth but
conventional approach people may lead to controversies.

PAGE NO - 22
 BRAIN STORM

E-7 - Should international news be kept as subject in secondary

school? Describe both sides , Give reasons and examples of your
answer.

International news – Subject

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
updated - current affairs destruct studies
exchange knowledge early maturity
other culture and tradition influence of western culture
exposure to globe Violence
latest technologies criminal activities
interesting
broad vision
Maturity
analytical skills
creativity, innovation
stress of studies
global views
Migration

PAGE NO - 23
 BRAIN STORM

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario including the international news in the
curriculum may lead to controversies

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

Education is Indispensable part in a student’s life and in this globalised

world exposure to international news enriches them with immense
amount of knowledge which leads to success at early stage of the life
but involving in the curriculum may lead to controversies.

CONCLUSION
Compiling all the topics discussed above it can be concluded that in order to
keep pace with the world innovative initiatives should be imparted on
designing the children studies to make the world a global village.

PAGE NO - 24
 BRAIN STORM

E-8 - In secondary school we teach subject like history and arts instead
of this if we teach some technical or managerial subjects which will
help he students in their job and business skills. Do you agree? Give
reasons and e.g.

SECONDARY SCHOOL
HISTORY , ARTS TECHNICAL , MANAGERIAL
get knowledge of past to survive in competition
enhance knowledge several career
creativity , leadership enhance managerial
pursue as hobby, career oriented value in future , career
practical knowledge
rounded development
pace with world , quality time

Dis advantage Dis advantage

squander time , money , energy expert service required
no value in future immense burden
no career path heavy investment
burden on teacher , school Monotonous

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario teaching managerial and technical in
place of history and arts may lead to controversies

PAGE NO - 25
 BRAIN STORM

E-9 -Whether foreign language should be the part of curriculum in the

school?

Foreign Language
Advantages Disadvantages
Enhance knowledge destruct studies
rounded development hectic , stress
single culture destruct mother tongue
Updations squander time , money and energy
tradition and culture decimate other subject focus
Career burden increases
travel and tourism not the best fit to students
global interactions useless to countryside

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the schools should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario including foreign language in curriculum
for rounded development may lead to controversies

PAGE NO - 26
 BRAIN STORM

E-10 - Some teachers agree that group studies are helpful to students
whereas some teachers are it is good and students study alone.
Where you think which one is good as per your opinion and justify it.

TEACHERS INSIST STUDENTS

GROUP STUDY ALONE
Competition Concentration
sharing opinion Focused
creative ideas , views no destruction
Dulls benefited Independent
problem solution plan on his opinion
team work , innovation depth of subject
enhance knowledge
areas of improvement Monotonous
Squander of time limited area
wrong decision no competition
Arguments book worms
inferiority complex
Dependency

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary ( fundamental )right of each and every

citizen / student that decides the career of the student and of the
country so , the teachers should be very conscious at the time of taking
any decision, in such a scenario teaching students alone or in a group
may be a moot issue

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

Teachers are the key persons in carving the career of the students
where addressing the whole lot to be taught alone takes enormous
time and teaching in group may not provide focus to the deserving
students hence decision on that may lead to controversies
Important sentence

“Individually one can achieve but collectively several can accomplish”

“Those who educate children well are to be more honored then those
who produce them” as one gives life and other art of living

“What the teacher is , is more important than what he teaches”

“a teacher is one who keeps past alive, understand the present and
frames the future”

“One good teacher in life time may sometimes change a delinquent

into a solid citizen”

“ A teacher is one who progressively makes himself unnecessary”

“ What a teacher writes on black board of life can never be erased”

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E-11 - Disruptive school students have a negative influence on others. Students

who are noisy and disobedient should be grouped together and taught
separately. Do you agree or disagree?Give reasons for your answer.

Disruptive students
Possible reasons Separate or Not
Timid in nature make them rude
dislike studies find themselves useless
might be intelligent Extravagant
find the class boring violent attitude
over smart distract their mentality
find himself above the grade make them biased
dislike towards the teachers digress from development
dislike patterns

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Students are the citizens of tomorrow and future of country, who are
different in their approach as per their natures and grouping the
disruptive students to teach separately would limit their abilities and
sending them to a school prison.

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

Education is the rudimentary (fundamental) right of each and every

student that decides the career of the student and of the country so,
the teachers should be very conscious at the time of taking any
decision, in such a scenario isolating the disruptive students to teach
them separately may invite further problems as well as controversies.

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E-12- Nowadays children are joining extra coaching classes over and
above their school studies, some believe that it is better for their
future and whereas some believe that more time should be spent
playing give your opinion.

School Studies
EXTRA COACHING PLAYING
load Of studies refreshment , rejuvenate
extravagance of aspiration gives physical fitness
expectation from parents mental strength
increased competition necessary for studies too
studies getting tougher pursue as career
be better than others regain lost energy
gets overloaded necessary for daily routine
hampers the motivation improves inner abilities
finds monotonous team, time management

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Education is the rudimentary (fundamental) right of each and every

student that decides the career of the student and of the country so,
the parents should be very conscious at the time of taking any decision,
in such a scenario allowing more time for play in lieu of joining extra
coaching may digress the child focus and detest goal of life.

……. in such a scenario making child indulge in extra coaching curtailing

the time for play which is equally important for the rounded
development

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

Current trend of life is getting tougher and parents, to make their

children score maximum indulge them to extra coaching classes
curtailing the playing time which too is essential at its limit.

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E-13- People attend college or university for many different reasons

(for example, new experiences, career preparation, and increase
knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university?
You should give reasons for your answer using your own ideas and
experience.

Attend College and universities

Reasons Outcomes
Acquiring knowledge globalised world
career base literacy level increases
training for future competitive world
gain experience multiskilled and multitalented
enjoy college life concern for future
face the complex world gains maturity
bunk college classes exposure to new environment
association with friends new city
job oriented training learn to face eventualities
last phase of classroom studies

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

College or University are the career builders where “pebbles are

polished and diamonds are dimmed” which signifies the
significance of college studies where every student attends with
aspirations in mind and varies from the person to person as per
their requirements and goals of the life.

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E-14 - Some students prefer to live on campus. Others prefer to live in

an apartment or house off campus. Which do you prefer? Use specific
reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Student Accmodation
Campus Off campus
Cheap mode selection of residence
no transportation cost no restrictions
save time , money and energy share experience
educational environment Freedom
share studies food of own choice
Dormitory house or an apartment
default room partners choice of room mates
strict norms to be followed cope with eventualities
disciplined behavior exposure to the world
rules and regulations important lessons of the life
misbehaviors to be faced

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Nowadays, more and more students go to study far from home. Among
a lot of things of concern, housing is likely the most important matter
for students. Some of them choose to live in a dormitory while others
prefer to live off campus for varied reasons and may invite a debate.

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

In recent years the increased awareness on the different academic

opportunities make student to go far for studies where the most crucial
factor faced is of boarding for which some choose dormitory while
some off campus and debate on this may create many controversies.

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E-15 - Universities should have big classrooms while others argue that
they should have small classrooms. What do you think is the ideal for
the students. Give your opinion.

Big Classroom - Small Classroom

Advantages Advantages
Comfort personal attention
good ambience doubts easily cleared
more seats - more students result oriented performance
Affordable management better
reduce overheads maintain discipline
time saving attentive ness
environment of education
share knowledge Disadvantages
peer group Lack of More Ideas
improve skills poor cannot afford
communication skills enrollment issues
Quality education lack of experts
Encouragement restrict area of exploration

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

A university is a place where “Pebbles are polished, diamonds are

dimmed” itself signifies the importance of university education where
initiating the debate on facilitating the students with big classroom or
small classroom may raise the controversies.

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FOREIGN LANGUAGE - ENGLISH

E-16 - Whether foreign language should be the part of the curriculum in

the schools ? What are the advantages and disadvantages?

FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Advantages Dis advantages
Increase area of exploration increase burden of studies
global communication for schools
core abilities , skills Defocus - Important subjects
change is spice of life Importance of mother tongue
helpful – studies lack of environment
improves quality of education lack of experts
multi linguistic students poor cannot afford
lateral stage of Life increase cost of education
Career decrease leisure activities
Migration Monotonous
cannot enjoy fullest

Important sentences

-The English language occupies a very significant place in the modern

world

-11% of people around the world were good English speakers by 2001

-85% of all publications around the globe are in English

-Many people opt English rather than learning French or Spanish

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FOOD
F-1 -Have the traditions and customs change about food – what are
the changes , is It society. Give the reasons and examples for your
answer

Tradition Changes

Cooking Eating Serving Reasons

-Modern tech – traditional to –Dining table –Globalisation
-Oven, fridge –western fast food –Take away – aggressive materialization
-Wood , cowdung -spoon fork, knife –home Deliveries -disposable Income
-PNG and electric stove -restaurants –self Serve,buffet –women work
-Solar Cookers –fast food joints –attractive displays – busy schedules
-clay utensils –more fat , spicy - garnishing –to have change
-Teflon coated –deliciousness -candle light dine –nuclear families
-Non veg food - Plastic silver foils
-Flavour and food colour

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Food being one of the prima facie requirement of the life needs to be
consumed have been changing drastically in the terms of cooking,
eating and serving satisfying today’s generations with fast food and low
preparation time to cope with their aggressive materialization.

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F-2 - Fast food has become so popular worldwide that it is destroying

the nutritional quality of food what do you think because of this the
traditional food and cooking method is being forgotten. Do you agree
or disagree with the statement give reason for your answer.

FOOD
WHY FAST FOOD WHY NOT TRADITIONAL
Globalisation time consuming
influrence of western culture busy schedule
men and women working need art of cooking
disposable income women working have no time
fast life preservation of food
busy schedule no nutritional importance
easy to cook
sale time - easily available Consequences of Fast food
cheap rate Oily – spicy
advance technology not fully cooked
wide varieties not hygienic
attractive garnishing leads to many diseases
youngsters choice obesity , blood pressure
deliciousness and taste Heart problems , diabetes

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

In this fast moving world people are working hard from dawn to dusk to
have disposable income behind the blind run of aggressive
materialization. In order to cope with their busy schedule they
compromise with traditional food and prefer fast food despite its
disadvantages.

SUGGESTED CONCLUSION

Agglomerating all ……….. that the way world is moulding to western

culture the consumption of fast food is ought to increase which cannot
be curtailed only the women of the house need to be conscious on
serving the traditional food at house.

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F-3 - Fast food has become so popular worldwide that it is destroying

the nutritional quality of food. what do you think are the reasons why
the traditional food and cooking method are being forgotten. What
steps should be taken to revert the same..

FOOD
REASONS MEASURES
Globalisation joint families
influence of western culture awareness on consequences
men and women working healthy diet chart
disposable income primary level - lessons
fast life - busy schedule time management
busy schedule traditional intake at home
easy to cook exhibitions like "SAATVIK FOOD"
sale time - easily available
cheap rate
advance technology
wide varieties
attractive garnishing
youngsters choice
deliciousness and taste

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Food clothing and shelter are the prima facie requirements of the life
where if we talk about food , the initiative of which had started with
traditional food and in today’s fast moving world the fast food which
has led to so many health issues ask for curbing the same.

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TRAVEL
T-1 -Some people think that traveling abroad is a valuable experience
and others think that this is just a waste of time and too expensive.
Discus on both the views and give your opinion with reasons and
example

Travelling abroad
Advantage Disadvantage
Exchange of culture and tradition destruct own culture
overcome loopholes of own culture youngsters - bad addictions
single culture brain drain
widens spectrum ( vision ) dumping of wastage
unbiased Degradation
change is spice of life damage environment
rejuvenate - hectic schedule human health
travel , tourism , hospitality Over crowded
International trade Noise pollution
govt earn foreign exchange terrorist activities
increase job opportunities
reduce stress and strain
improves quality of life
local business flourish

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Important sentences – used in tourism topic

-Traveling is a leisure activity pursued by rich people of the society who

have high amount of disposable income

-People want to taste different cuisines, culture, tradition and other

aspects of the life

-Since the origin of species and homo sapiens people have been
traveling to different parts of the world in search of new pastures that
has made traveling inevitable .

-Tourism has its role in the destruction of the forests and the over
exploitation of natural resources such as water.

-Tourism implies movement of people from one place to another place

for varied reasons.

-Traveling broadens the horizons of one’s knowledge

-Extensive tourism makes war a distant possibility

IMPORTANT WORDS

>Loopholes – Drawbacks >overcome – resolve

>Spectrum – horizon >Rejuvenate- refresh
>Dumping – Piling >Unbiased-
>Cuisines –food preparation style >Inevitable – Indispensable
>destruct – hamper – decimate – break – detoriated
>homo sapiens – human beings >immense – in quantity
>pastures – new jobs > degradation

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T-2-The costs of international travel are decreasing and tourism is

growing. What are the advantages and disadvantages of increasing
tourism activity in different countries?

Cost - International travel

Advantages Disadvantages
Booming Industry destruct own culture
never reside mother tongue
travel for different purpose Indiscipline
aviation industry spoils beauty of monument
increased competition Garbage issue
benefit for passengers Etiquettes
upgrade themselves Pollution
different culture and tradition disturb environment base
Rejuvenates
govt benefits - foreign exchange
strengthens relationship

Suggested Introduction

With the world getting global supported by increased international

trade, the travel to different parts of the world has become most
inevitable, when supported by the attractive packages from aviation to
make it more affordable, carries its own merits and demerits.

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CRIME
C-1 Criminals send to the prison is not the effective way of dealing
with them. Eduation and job training should be imparted instead. Do
you agree or disagree.

Criminals
Prison Education and job training
reduce crime ratio Rehabilitation
safegaurd society rectify – errors
set example for others value of Life
laws and legislation good - or – bad
justify – victims improve civic sense
people live normal life Financial crisis
sensitive areas Overcome

Disadvantages Disadvantages
innocent suffers Abusement
squander of time money and
poor and minorities energy
family pays
feel of revenge

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IMPORTANT SENTENCES

-“Criminals are the victims who create victims”

-Nobody is criminal by birth but the circumstances and situations of the

life make them criminals

-the inequalities in income, wealth, and opportunities make many

people turn to crime

-education and rehabilitation can do wonders by correcting a person

-“ AN EYE FOR AN EYE MAKES THE WHOLE WORLD BLIND”

-punishment should vary according to crime committed, gender, and

age of the criminal

-For some criminals a long term jail or capital punishment is justifiable,

while in case of others, corrective education works well.

IMPORTANT WORDS

. Serial killers, rapists , terrorists

. Imprisonment, prisoner . Abusement - misuse
. Committed . Abolish
. Capital punishment – death penalty
. Justifiable
. Rehabilitation
. Circumstances
. Opportunities
. Victims
. Financial crisis
. Rectify errors
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C -2 -Without capital punishment our life are less secure and crimes of
violence increases capital punishment is essential to control violence
in the society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Capital punishment
Essential Not essential
Set example to others disturbs the mentality
reduce crime no fear of prison
law and order in society massacre of law
citizen- higher sense of security human bomb attack possible
violence decreases aboriginal - poor – minority
fear law may suffer
robbery and murder – distance Familu happiness is also hanged
nib terrorist activities Vengeance within familu
Lead to victims

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

Crimes and criminal are those parts of the society which have been
hampering the growth of a society which do not allow people to live
normal lives needed to be controlled by the capital punishment as it is
well said that ,” criminals are the victims, who creates victim”.

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C- 3 - Some people believe that there should be fixed punishment for

each type of crime. Other however argue that the circumstances of an
individual crime and the motivation for committing it, should always
be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. Discuss both
the views and give your opinion.

Crime and criminals

Fixed punishments Individual punishment
injustice - law die out different types of crime
innocent become victims family background
other ways to punish differernt circumstances
more criminals effect society and country
humanity decreases age, gender
education , job training Evidences
easy and fast judgement public poll
compile law and legislation inculcation, innate seldom
status , dignity

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

Criminals are the persons who are abusing their rights against public
policy and harassing innocent people by different ways and means and
the same is controlled by laws and legislations of the country amended
year by year to justify the crime and criminals.

(Crime by definition is an illegal activity committed by the persons

harassing the society by different ways )
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C-4 - Many people believe that there has been a general increase in
the antisocial behavior and decrease in respect for other people
nowadays. What are the causes of this problem? What can be done to
solve it?

Antisocial Behaviour
Decrease respect
Causes Measures
Media western culture Joint family
Short term success ( money ) Moral Science'
Corrupted government - top authorities religious mentors
Self Centric Young brigade –Top management.
Social pressure - Stress Qualified people
( unemployment , illiteracy ) Removal of Corrupt employee
( inequality of Income ) Literacy level
Youth Independence Ban of - drugs , alcohol
( extravagance) citizen - ignite – positivity
( abusement - addiction to drugs
( nuclear families - elders x
Dearness
Loopholes - law system

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SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 1

Society comprises of religions and religions comprise of religious people

who are abided with moral values of life which are inherited by their
ancestors are getting vanished over last few decades since
globalization, has given a rise to antisocial behaviours, ask for
precautions.
SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION 2

The changing customs of the families have raised several consequences

within the society which has engendered to the antisocial behaviours
needs to be addressed with precautions at all levels

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C – 5 Now a day the surveillance is happening at almost all public

places is it good or perceived bad by the people. What are its
advantages and disadvantages

SURVEILLANCE
Need People dislike
for security reasons undue advantage
public activity could be traced violates privacy
criminals could be spotted people get reserved
instances could be recorded Live people should not be treated as criminals
the video and picture data Malpractices
could be preserved illegal viewing and recordings
CCTV cameras are used
public places -malls - religious places
deter criminals (check )

Suggested Introduction

The greed, selfishness and religious vengeance has initiated the

activities that are against society and intended to create fear which has
raised the need of aegis (protection) and the increasing surveillance is
providing security and at the same time becoming matter of irritation

Conclusion

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded that

to safeguard the lives of people and peace of the nation the system of
surveillance is the best route and people should support voluntarily

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TECHNOLOGY - INVENTIONS
TC -1 Due to medical inventions some people believe that people will
live 100 years , some believe 200 years . People believe that it Is
harmful for our society ? what do you think ? Give reasons and
examples for your answer

Medical invention – Longevity

Advantages Disadvantages

Share Important experiences Over population

asset to society unproductive souls
Guide the family and nation Scarcity of prima facie requirement
Better nurturing of children reduce percapita income
mature leaders dearth of natural resources
Socialised families burden for govt – family
social services economic imbalance
Transmute culture and tradition unemployment increases
conflicts and quarell in family

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

It is well described that “NECESSITY IS THE MOTHER OF ALL

INVENTIONS” and necessity is the outcome of the desires. Human by
the time of his existence have been trying to live as much as he can, this
era of research and Inventions where science has referred so many
unanswerable questions , in such circumstances longevity is obvious,
leads to chaos in society
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TC -2 - We have been living in the nuclear age now for over half a
century. nuclear technology has provided governments with the
ability to generate energy or totally destroy the planet. Yet it have
positive use as medicine. To what extent is nuclear technology a
danger to life on Earth? What are the benefits and risks associated
with its use?

NUCLEAR POWER
BENEFITS RISKS

displays power Extinct human race

status of developed nation Loose fertility of land
Chemo therapy for Cancer hazardous emissions
other medical purposes long term effect
cheap source of energy eg. Hiroshima, Nagasaki
improves economy Threat of Misuse by terrorist
can be sold to other nation Usage in wars
source of generating income Destroy nations
safegaurd nation

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

Nuclear power ,the word which has formed a frightful picture in the
minds of the general people unaware about the other side of the coin
which has the positive face too , when used in constructive way can do
wonders , else can become reason for the extinction of the living race
on earth.

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TC-3 - It has been more than 30 years since man first landed on the
moon. Some people think that space research is a waste of money.
Discuss.

SPACE RESEARCH
Worth Waste

Squandering time , money ,

Enhance knowledge energy
know changes in space waste products
exploring new planers risk of mission failures
Distances of planets wasting scientist time
existance of life elsewhere endangered scientists
communication sector scarcity of fuel
possibility of rehabilitation on
planet no positive outcomes seen
mystery of aliens

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Suggested Introduction

Man a bundle of wishes, always wants to do unbelievable, for which his

vision has diverted from the global materials to the universal mysteries
which looks as squandering of money until the horizon is explored to
achievements.

Suggested Conclusion

Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded that

despite the thoughts of squandering money the space research should
be kept on as it benefits us in many ways other then the knowledge of
planets.

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TC-4 - Now a days many developed and developing Countries are

making research on Space applications individually and collectively
which may lead to space travel What are the advantages and dis
advantage for space travel.

SPACE TRAVEL
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Exploring new Planets immense expenses

Adventure need high disposable income
advancement in technology profiled professionals
communication sector Technocrats
possibility of rehabilitation on planet make space pollution
mystry of aliens risk involved
Experience zero gravity waste fuel
Status

Suggested introduction

In this technological world where technologies are crossing their

boundaries to galaxy, in such circumstances travelling to other planets
through space gets indispensable. There are so many controversies but
nobody can stop exploration to the planets inspite of negativity

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TC-5 - In current world the use of technology has become inevitable.

What are the benefits and drawbacks to the usage of extensive
technology

Technology
Positive Negative
Faster , smarter, smoother e wastage
Improves productivity Global warming
Nano technology Dependency on technology
Improves lifestyle crime increases
Globalisation , International trade diseases , musculoskeletal disorder
cope with diseases Obesity , blurred vision
better communication distract tradition and culture
War a Distant possibility Sedentary lifestyle
Biotechnology agriculture brain drain increases
reduce poverty

“Necessity is the mother of all Invention”

“change is but natural” “Change is imminent” “Change is spice of life”
“Technology is a good servant but a bad master”

Suggested introduction

In this ever growing technological world where everything undergo a

sea of change over a period has facilitated the human being in each and
every sphere of the life but at the same time its consequences should
not be overlooked as “ technology is a good servant but a bad master”

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COMPUTER - TECHNOLOGY

TC-6 - Whether computer would take over position of man power?

Discuss possible advantage & disadvantage.

Computer – technology
Advantages Dis advantages
Faster, smoother , smarter reduce employment
reduce paper work reduce aptitude abilities
paperless device technology dependent
multi tasking laziness and isolation
various applications sedentary life style
Online shopping, banking,
study abusement - cyber crime
social networking complex structure – illiterates
reduce face to face
International trade communication
storage capacity
analysis , reuse
Accuracy

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PROVERBS

“technology is a good servant but a bad master”

“Necessity is the mother of all inventions”

“Technology has made it possible to have control over everything

except over technology”

IMPORTANT SENTENCES

-Everything undergoes a sea of change over period of time

-Nano technology offers astounding possibilities in all walks of human

life by reducing waste

-perhaps biotechnology will wipe out poverty

-Afforestation and environmental rehabilitation programs may resolve

many of problems caused to the environment

-human genome project has become successful and our fight against
many diseases may become victorious

-cell transplant instead of organ transplant might revolutionize

treatment of diseases

-change is the spice of the life

-By becoming proactive and futuristic, we can make the changes

favourable to us .

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TC -7- Television has had a significant influence on the culture of many

societies. To what extent would you say that television has positively
or negatively affected the cultural development of your society?

TELEVISION
POSITIVE IMPACT NEGATIVE IMPACT

Entertianment Violence
audio video form waste of time
source of update differences in family
reduce face to face
Live news communication
programs of different taste children gets defocus
Educational less concern to family values
Essentiality disrespect towards elders
witness the imp events less relaxation time
national and international
exposure less socialized
Geographical knowledge adolescence crime
action and excitement hampers own culture

Suggested Introduction
Communication has been the most important part in this fast moving world
when the media has taken a leap where television carries the vital role
which has not only made inroads to the houses but the minds of people
affecting their routine as well as values of life and culture along with it
merits and demerits

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MASS MEDIA
M-1 - Now a days media has been playing important role in changing the people
minds. What are the positive and negative impacts of widespread media usage.

Media
Positive Negative
Provides information displays violence
Connecting the world squandering time
Daily updates publicity stunts
Reality of the matter adolescents crime
Live telecast Addiction
Spread awareness influence of western culture
Opinion of the society imitate celebrities
Eg. Anna Hazare increases social distanc
Reveal reality( fact finder) destruct own culture
Biased news Digress youth

Suggested Introduction

In this informative world when all information are expected handy the
media plays pivotal role in information and technology which has
power to influence our lives in both ways positively and negatively.

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Important sentences

-The role of mass media such as newspapers, radio, and television is to

inform , educate and entertain

-by doing these, they have profound(deep) influence in the lives of

people

-The crucial role played by mass media is making people aware about
human rights is a very good example to prove the influence of
journalism

-Developed countries are becoming knowledge based because of

progress

-Democracy and human rights have no existence without them

-There are basically three modes of media print, electronic, and visual

-The instant delivery of news and accurate prediction caught up the

imagination of the viewers

-seeing is believing

-NEWS ( North East West South )

-Advertising promotes a materialistic approach to life which tempt

people to consume more of a particular product

-“when you visualize then you materialize”

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M-2 - News editors decide what to broadcast on television and what

to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence these
decisions? Have we become used to bad news? Would it be better if
more good news was reported?

NEWS – PRINTED
FACTORS AFFECTING Bad News - Not Good news

Trend Reporters do not care for life

choice of the mass good news become documentary
good news - overlooked bad news watched repeatedly
accustom to bad news people not used to good info
good news are not good for media swap channels on Good news
attractive news only worst news -watched with interest
News which adds TRP
Lack Of authenticity

Television Rating Points - TRP

Suggested Introduction

A popular notion of media industry “ Good news is a bad news “ as it

does not attract the readers much and bad news is of the common
interest to the mass which has to be taken into consideration by editors
while selecting the matter to be printed or broadcasted.

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M-3 - The news from internet are getting popular , and is better mode
of getting news then newspapers do you agree or disagree ?

News
Internet News Paper

Faster , smoother , smarter cheap

eco friendly easy to carry
paperless form convenient ,comfortable
reduce Pollution available in local language
latest online updates detailed local news
materialistic approach
require electricity supply Deforestation
useless for illiterate / countryside Waste of paper

Suggested Introduction

In this informative world one need to keep himself upto date with the
world, in such circumstances availing news either from internet or
newspaper is controversial

Proverbs
‘Necessity is the mother of all inventions’
‘Technology is good servant but a bad master’

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M-4 - We rely on NEWS to get the knowledge of the world , but how
should we ensure and trust the journalist. What important qualities
you think is required to become a journalist. Give reasons and
examples

News – Journalists
TRUST QUALITIES

Media- print , electronic, visual Degree

responsible personalities depth knowledge
work hard - days and nights good communication skills
put life in danger enthusaistic , confident
audio visual form – authenticity brave hearted - stress, strain
live telecast good personality
Visualization ready to work 24 x 7
reveal reality , Sting operations transperent, honest
trend setters creative, innovative
political pressures

Suggested Introduction 1
In this informative and fast moving world it is not possible for any person to
go to each n every place where media plays a vital role to keep us up to date
where the trust on journalists would be only based on the qualities of the
persons involved in it .

Suggested Introduction 2
In this informative and fast moving world it is not possible for any Country to
develop without the help of other countries where businesses have become
global and world a global village min such circumstances media plays vital
role to keep us up to date with the world.

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GENERAL
- HOUSE OR APARTMENT

G-1 Some people like to live in apartment whereas some prefer to

stay in private houses. What are the merits and demerits of both type
of dwellings and where do you prefer to stay?

House – Apartment
House – Advantages Apartment – Advantages
Independent huge parking space
Private property common plot and garden
no interference peer group for children
private parking, Garden cosmopolitan culture
Use of terrace inter support of neighbours
Make renovation / extension vertical accommodation
increase land valuation collective celebration
Asset society formation
organised architecture
play area , Ownership

Dis advantages Dis advantages

Isolated No privacy
No support of neighbour conflict and quarrel
costly land lot of noise- disturbance
high building cost spilling of garbage
need security guard abide rules of society
bear all costs no ownership of land
no freedom of activities

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G-2 Now a day people have started preferring online shopping for
convenience. Does this give the same advantages as perceived by the
people or does it have higher disadvantages. Discuss

Online Shopping
Advantages Dis Advantages

Shopping at one click unemployed businessman

Save time money energy cheating -quality and quantity
wide array of Choices cyber crime
facility of plastic money Overbuying
offers and discounts lack - face 2 face communication
24 x 7 need internet connection
fixed prize electric supply
replacement useless - computer illiterate
home delivery - countryside
dependent on technology

Important sentences

Everything undergoes a sea of change where if we talk about shopping,

the initiative of which had started with conventional shopping to mall
culture and today in technological world online shopping that its own
pros and cons.

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SPORTS
S-1 - Some people believe that competitive sports is important in children
studies , some believe that it is not useful as children will feel that it is only
competition and winning . Discuss both the views and give your opinion

Competitive Sports
Important competition and winning

refreshment from studies failures lead

physical fitness and exercise - Inferiority complex
mental ability - depression
Discipline - manipulations
managerial skills - sense of revenge
Inner qualities Defocus
- team and time management destruct studies
- leadership
motivation , success
Enrapture parents
career , name , fame
extrovert, Relationship improve

Suggested introduction

Competition is the part of the life and a person comes across different
competition at each stages of the life, competitive sports during
childhood has become indispensable irrespective of some of the
drawbacks.

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S -2 - Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more

money than people in other important professions. Some people
think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both
the view and give your opinion.

Sportsman Earnings
Justified Unfair

dedication towards sport Involve in many activities

Country Defocus
face lot of competition money oriented
- within the country gets carried away
- international illegal activities
acquire talent eg IPL matches
develop skills to peform
Competent
Create advertising value

Suggested Introduction

Since the ancient times, people have been entertaining themselves

through sports and sports professionals’ complexity of today’s era has
increased and the controversies prevails as to their earnings.

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PARENTING
P-1 - Parents and teachers make children to obey the rule? Because of
excursive control children are unable to deal with their adult life. Do
you agree or disagree give reasons and e.g. for your answer.

PARENTS - TEACHERS CONTROL

Excursive control Freedom
ADVANTAGE ADVANTAGE
Disciplined Grow independently
culture and tradition do wonders to life
rounded development Maturity
Refinement decision power
joint family, respect elders self Confidence
cope eventualities leadership quality
best judge innovation , creativity
status in society Extrovert

DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
peer group extravagance – moislead
aberrent personality can cultivate bad habits
lack of confidence not obedient
fear of performance no effect of control
lack decision power
Follower

Suggested Introduction
Childhood is the most crucial period in anybody’s life needs to be taken care of by
the parents and the teachers who are the best judge should let the children
enough independence in order to have mature adult who can cope with any
eventualities of the life

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P-2-Should parents be obliged to immunize their children against

childhood diseases? Or do individuals have the right to choose not to
immunize their children?

CHILDREN
IMMUNISE NOT IMMUNISE
moral duty of parents life time disability
preventive medicine carelessness -child suffers
fight dangerous diseases curelty towards humanilty
reduce the child death ratio internally weak
saving many lives reduce capacity to fight disease
safegaurd from influenze ,TB , etc get infected fast
life long disabilities
diseaseless society a dream

Suggested Introduction

Childhood is the age which is solely at the discretion of the parents,

where bringing up with immense care and accountabilities account to a
part of duties where immunizing a child becomes a moral duty of
parents rather than obliged or compelled to do so.

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P-3 - Many People believe that women make better parent then men,
Do you agree or disagree.

Better PARENT
FEMALE MALE

Emotional Busy , Hectic life

closely attached Practical approach
first teacher responsibility of whole family
carry child 9 month aggressive – natural
better understanding men oriented society
Bonding
cool calm and relaxed
first word – mother

Proverbs

“Men are from Mars and Women are from Venus”

“Women is the constant stream of love and affection”

“Mother laps the child and father shoulders to the complex world”

Suggested Introduction
Childhood is the most important part of anybody’s life and they should be bred
with proper parenting and in order to have mature adult there are lots of
controversies as to better parenting but women always receive priority to men
by proving the statement “MEN ARE FROM MARS and WOMEN ARE FROM
VENUS “

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Male – Female - Society

MFS-1 - Individual greed and selfishness are the basis of modern
society. We need to accept the order values and traditions to give
respect to people and local community to make the world a better
place to live. Do you agree or disagree with the above statement.

Individual Greed ( લોભ ) selfishness

Modern society Order, Value , tradition

Self centered soc Sophisticated society

Lack of face 2 face communication helping hands
Disrespect conserve tradition and culture
hectic schedules joint families
women working respect to each other
money oriented people healthy lifestyle
global warming Diversity
destruct globe curtail crime

Suggested Introduction

Tradition and Culture signifies the constitution and history of the country
conserved by our ancestors for the betterment of the society has been
getting vitiated by materialistic approach inculcated by western culture
where opulence stands at priority decimate the globe we know.

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MFS -2 -.Throughout history , it is found that male leaders had led

world towards violence and conflicts , world would have been
governed better and peacefully if female were leaders.

History - Leadership
MALE FEMALE

Enthusiastic, Adventerous Nature , Cool , calm , relaxed

Aggessive thinking More emotional
Growth oriented Lack aggression
Passion to lead Sacrificing nature
Dominating male Society Adjust circumstance - rather fight
Unlimited desires Social responsibilities
Can drive the mass cannot provide motivation to mass
Dependency – nature
Differences Of opinion
Adement
Faced two World wars

Suggested Introduction

In this era of advancements when both men and women are working to
each other’s shoulders, leadership have raised so many controversial
opinions, under such circumstances the belief of peaceful world lead by
women is optimism.

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MFS –3 - A recent survey shows that people lack knowledge about

basic science. They say that basic services are irrelevant in their day to
day life what are your views? Do you think basic sciences are
important in our day to day life.

Basic Sciences
Important Irrelevant

Necessity Is the mother of invention Major accidents

facilitate ourselvesavoid accidents accustom to dependent
optimum utilization conventional approach
save energy Illiteracy
Decrease pollution materialised life
practical usage of machines inactive government
precaution , conserve gadget casual to operations
Enhance Knowledge
acquaint with modern gadget

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Suggested Introduction 1

In this era of ever growing technologies where people are getting

materialized who in search of an opulence lacking knowledge of basic
science if not otherwise would have resulted into better view and
approach towards life leads to such optimization which would have
made a world better place to live.

Suggested Introduction 2

In this ever growing technological world people are getting materialized

and in their approach do not care about the understanding of basic
sciences and many times face the consequences but usage can be
optimized by accepting importance of the same.

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MFS-4 - There is less communication between family members when

compared to past. Do you agree or disagree . Give reasons examples
to justify your answer.

Communication - Family members

Reasons Irrelevant

Necessity Is the mother of invention Major accidents

facilitate ourselvesavoid accidents accustom to dependent
optimum utilization conventional approach
save energy Illiteracy
Decrease pollution materialised life
practical usage of machines inactive government
precaution , conserve gadget casual to operations
Enhance Knowledge
acquaint with modern gadget

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

No matter in which era we are living, communication defines the

professional and social relationship between more than two people is
being hampered in the blind run behind opulent expectations

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MFS – 5 - In todays’s world more work is done by machines do the

benefit over weigh the draw backs of impact on individual & society .

WORK WITH MACHINES

INDIVIDUAL ( ADVANTAGES) SOCIETY ( DISADVANTAGE )
accuracy , efficiency
speed, save time Employment
aggressive materialisation machine dependence
quality and quantity energy consumption
Save money pollution health issue
globalised world huge Investment
Easy task technical experts needed
less man power
technology
sophisticated society
waste raw material
Industrialization
demand supply
development of society and country

Suggested Introduction

In the technological world, where the technology have been advancing

the use of machine is indispensable in each and every sector, satisfy the
desire of living opulent life style compiled with its consequences.

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MFS-6 - Although abuse of the system are inevitable, social welfare payments
are essential to protect the rights citizens have to a guaranteed minimum
income in a democratic society" Discuss.

Society
System Abuse Welfare payments

nature to violate support prima facie requirement

mentality develop infrastructure
earn and not pay taxes develop nation
black money defense costly affair
unemployment Govt. structure - needs nurture
rotation of Money run the nation

Suggested Introduction

For any country the development is the picture of the stability of the
social welfare which is an essential element of an advanced society,
though the systems are always abused doesn’t license the same neither
shadows the essentiality of social welfare funds.

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MFS- 7 - Some students prefer to live on campus. Others prefer to live in an

apartment or house off campus. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and
examples to support your opinion.

STUDENT ACCOMODATION
CAMPUS HOUSE / APARTMENT

Educational environment Freedom of stay

abide rules and regulation no restrictions
Supervision owner of own time
Disciplined choose room mates
exposure to different mentaliries face restrictions on own
new experience early maturity
default room partners
under shelter of university
No outside harrasements

Suggested Introduction
Nowadays, more and more students go to study far from home. Among a lot of
things to concern, housing is likely the most important matter for students. Some
of them choose to live in a dormitory while others prefer to live off campus is
controversial.

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MFS- 8- Some people think that it is important to use leisure time for
activities that improve the mind, such as reading and doing word
puzzles. Other people feel that it is important to rest the mind during
leisure time.

Leisure time
Mind improving Resting Mind

Own Selection relaxation ro mind

Brush up general knowledge break from hectcic life
increases IQ outing or movie
mental Strength sedentary - outings necessary
logical reasoning physically demanding job- stretching
Imagination Rejuvenates
improve language - vocabulary back with full efficiency
knowledge with entertainment

Suggested Introduction

In this fast moving world where people are pursuing hectic schedule in
blind run behind aggressive materialization do not possess enough time
for leisure activities and in such circumstances whether it should be
edified or rested is controversial still “ CHANGE IS IMMINENT “

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MFS – 9 - Smokers can cause themselves serious health problems. The

choice to smoke is made freely and with knowledge of dangers.
Smokers should therefore expect to pay more for medical treatment
than non-smoker. To what extent do you agree with this statement.

SMOKING HABIT - HIGH MEDICATION

HOW ? WHY ? WHY PAY MORE ?

School days or college days Less resistance power

initial job days immune System weak
show off more prone to infection
Passion
impression , Status NO EXTRA EXPENSES
becomes habit common diseases
passive smoking accidents
heart problems
infection diseases
operations.

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

“Smoking is injurious to health” Despite every Cigarette packet contains

this statutory warning people choose to abuse their body by inculcating
the addiction to smoke aware about the consequences to them as well
as the companions thru which they end up spending more on
medications.

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MFS- 10- Happiness Is considered as very important factor in life .

Why it is very difficult to define? What factors are important in
achieving happiness ?

Happiness
Difficult Factors
Differ from person to person unlimited desires
vary as per age Love
basesd on conditions of life Career
Circumstances Money
Situation faith in god

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

Happiness is something we all desire, but very few achieve. There is no

universally accepted definition for happiness, as its coordinates differ
from one to another. However, I believe there are several factors
people cite when asked about the ingredients needed for the
'happiness recipe'.

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MSF – 11 - Now a days live in relationship is accepted by the

government. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of the same.

Live In Relationship
Advantages Disadvantages

Easy to adapt ruin tradition andculture

freedom to choose Partner soclalisation x
less responsibilities children suffer- orphanages
less socialization Non acceptance - conflicts
no commitment emotions x , respect x
career oriented self centered society
no shackles from each other blur future
clawful applications no support at lateral stage
Maturity family stability x
cope with eventualities of life more old age houses

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION
A person passes through many stages of the life where one needs to
take crucial decisions of the life and the most significant is of Marriage
initiated with the arrange marriage to love marriage to live in
relationship in today’s westernized world which has its own merits and
demerits

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MSF-12-Some people like to live in cold Climate while others in hot

temperature where we live / like to live ? Why ?

People likings- climate

COLD HOT

Optimum efficiency Holidays

digestive system Strong late night roaming
availability of green vegetables enjoy cold beverages
fresh fruits icecreams
enjoy fullest cotton or thin clothes
best period for exercise
prefered by doctors for patients more perspiration
natural sources ample Tired
gather energy for whole year de hydration issues
consumption of less electricity water dearth
scarcity of electricity
Uncomfortable

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

The God has divined us with diversity in each and every thing as “DIVERSITY
IS THE BEAUTY OF THE NATURE “. Which is true even with the climate as it
maintains cycle Of cool and hot with changing times, as per their perception
and physical state people like hot or cold climate which may become
debatable on choosing one.

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HEALTH
H-1 -Why people are finding more and more difficulties to keep fit and healthy
give measures to improve fitness to keep our selves fit.

Health fitness
WHY facing problems Outcomes

Lack of consciousness more longevity

Fast food work efficiency
westernised culture improve immune system
opulent life style enjoy fullest
stress , depresson stay away from disease
hectic work schedules Socialization
self centric people Laziness
bad habits
nuclear families
no exercise
mental pressures

Suggested Introduction

In this fast moving world where people are working hard from days to
night in the blind run behind aggressive materialization are unable to
cope with healthy life style which ought to be emphasized as “health is
wealth”. ( “when wealth is lost something is lost , when health is lost
,everything is lost)

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H-2 -People in all modern societies use drugs, but today's youth are
expertimenting with both legal and illegal drugs, and at an
increasingly early age. Discuss the causes and some effects of
widespread drug use by young people in modern day society. Make
any recommendations you feel are necessary to help fight youth drug
abuse.

Drugs
Causes Effects Recommendations
Peer group squander money ban availability
ruin financial status of
Influence of Media family awareness campaign
stress or strain scatters life - family ban of program -provoke
Extravagance weak resistance power handle with care
western culture more prone to disease homely atmosphere
Availability health disorder medicines to resist drugs
cope with over expectations mental imbalance keep away from peer group
cannot resist once start abarrent personality parental support must
medical care centre-
extra disposable income ruin career addictors
bad company - surroundings takes away from society educate consequences
carefree parents path to grave example for others
enhance their performance criminal attitude

SUGGESTED INTRODUCTION

Youth, a very timid age aspires world in their feet wants each and every
thing to be grabbed and experienced which on few occasions end with
the addiction to smoking and illegal drugs which need to be intervened
consciously.

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GOVERNMENT AND NATIONS

GN -1 - More money should be spending on citizen’s welfare on or weapons.
Give your opinion. Give reasons and e.g. for your answer.
CITIZEN
WELFARE WEAPONS

provide Public services education increases hatred

electricity, banking, medical , health reason for extinction
improve Lifestyle destruct the world
primafacie requirements squander money
control mishaps nuclear waste
falilitate infrastructure war, violent Mentalities
socio secutiry vengence between countries
development of society, nation UNO , UNESCO
healthy people Sense of security
stop brain drain status of country
develop civic sense

Suggested Introduction
There are so many verdicts and controversies on allocation of Government
budgets to welfare or weapons as many consequences have occurred by the
immense investment on the defense which could only be resolved by
budgeting the welfare.

Suggested conclusion
Agglomerating all the points elaborated above it can be concluded that
“WEAPONS” and “WELFARE” both starts with “ WE” , hence its we who are
responsible for “WE’s” Future.

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GN-2 - Government Should spend money Only on public services or

spend money on arts , music , and painting. Give reasons and example
for justifying your answer

Government spending
Public services Art Music and Painting

Prima facie requirement Extra ability

health , medical , free education recreation , and fun
Sewage, drainage, Electricity,
Water name and fame
Transportation- public extra burden
Earn revenues - crucial , expenses need skills
development of society , nation
control land pollution very few can pursue as career
waste of time , money, and
streamline the traffic energy
Efficiency of govt department
Ex- 108.

Suggested Introduction
The bridge between the developed, developing and underdeveloped countries is
determined by the way revenues are allotted to the public services but putting
emphasis on the art music and painting would lead country to different direction
then development.

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GN-3 - Some people believe that visitors should respect the custom
and behavior of the host culture. Some people argue that the host
country should welcome the cultural differences. Discuss and give
reasons for your answer.

Culture and tradition

Host Country Visitor

Conserved by ancestors boom travelling

Mass hotel and aviation industry
Temporary pour foreign exchange
know culture and tradition international business
global relationship / bonding tourist spots
enjoy fullest development of country
prestige, dignity globalisation increase
same revert single culture

Suggested Introduction

Traveling is a leisure activity which perused by affluent people who

have higher amount of disposable income when step to other parts of
the world the controversies has to priorizing either host country or
visiting country privileges which in any case encounters the
consequences with it pro.

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GN – 4 - Now a days women are working , should government help

these working women by providing them certain additional facilities
like help for their children , some flexibility Of timings . Give reasons
and examples for your answer

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT -WORKING WOMEN

WHY ? WHAT Outcomes

maintain balance - social

,profession destruct office environment
equal importance , literacy ratio abuse rights
encourage women hard to implement
sophisticated society sets wrong example
economic stability discomfort to male employee
varied issues- varied options
have competition support
balance gender ratio
self dependence and defence
compensation with timings

Suggested Introduction

In this world of globalization, women have been working steps to step

to men and emerged as self identity needed to be emphasized by the
government with flexible environment to overcome the barriers with
are born and brought up.

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GN -5 - Should wealthy nation required to share their health among poorer

nations by providing such things as food and education? Or is it the
responsibility of the governments of poorer nations to look after their citizens
themselves?

Wealthy nation - Help - health food education

Why not Importance of health education

Disposable Responsibility
develop own country select for mass
aware with scenario of other country power - clear vision
dependence - growth best judge - WHO - world bank
least interest avail with all resources
develop countries

Suggested Introduction

If we look around the globe the world is divided In three categories

developed , developing , and under developed countries. The bridge
between developed and underdeveloped countries Is because of lack of
prima facie requirements like food and education can be upgraded by the
governments to develop the countries

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GN -6 -Some governments say how many children a family can have in

their country. They may control the number of children someone has
through taxes. It is sometimes necessary and right for the government
to control the population in this way? Do u agree or disagree ?

Control - No of children
AGREE DISAGREE

Lack of Awareness educate society

financial burdens spread awareness
priority to development of country do campaign
help poor people burden on government
impose birth taxes employees hire
increase employment

Suggested Introduction

The globalized world has been suffering from many issues emerged as a
result of the population which has been increasing drastically needed to
be controlled by the government by opting different ways and means
one of them is to impose birth taxes.

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GN-7-Whether developing countries should repay their debts to the

developed countries

REPAY DEBT - Developing - developed nation

Should repay Not repay

Healthy relations basic infrastructure

curtail burden of Interest profit – interest
continuous aid tripple amount
stops exploitations IMF , WORLD BANK
moral duty developed countries
value for money civilised people
war a distant possibility disposable income
withstand with other country abide by laws and legislations
rotation of Money

Suggested Introduction

If we look around the globe the world is segregated into developed ,

developing and under developed countries where rich nations aid the
poor nations financially and with other amenities of basic infrastructure
and betterment of people ought to be reimbursed

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GN -8 - Many lives are in danger when hastily erected building

collapse because safety standards have been sacrificed to hopes of a
quick profit. To prevent disasters of this kind, governments should
play a greater role in setting and enforcing safety standard for
building construction.

Hastily erected buildings

Lives in Danger Government's role

population increases establish standards

landscape scarcity implement , penalty
Competition license , expert opinion
opulent lifestyle approve building construction
disposable culture quality assurance department
hire technology of advance
corruption top to bottom country
cheap accommodations awareness program and campaign
lack of intervention by
government loan facility - liberal
violate rules and regulation housing board department

Suggested Introduction
Food clothing and shelter are the prima facie requirements of the lives.
If we talk about shelter today where the globe is overpopulated and
vertical accommodations and sky scrapers have replaced the horizontal
accommodations has given a rise to higher safety standards.

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GN -9 - It is the responsibility of the government to take care of health

and education of the people while other argue that it is individual’s
responsibility what do you think is responsible for health and
education of people

Health and education

Government Individual

poor can afford reduce burden of government

healthy and wealthy society realise importance of
improve literacy ratio health and education
employment , poverty self responsible
vertical economic growth conventional thought
horizontal development
productivity efficiency

akshay patra - govt school children

"sarve shiksha abhiyaan
abusement - corruption

Suggested Introduction

Development of any country relies on how prudent and proactive the

government is, which should prioritize health and education of the
citizens as both are essential for improving their lifestyle, coupled with
growth of the country.

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GN-10 - Nowadays gap between countryside and city side has

increased in many countries. Is it same with your country? What can
government do to reverse it?

GAP - Countryside - cityside increase

Why ? Measures

more opportunities - education five year plans,

opulent life style - infrastructure agriculture focus , rural plans
exposure subsidies , loans
governments investment compulsory services of experts
sophisticated society PR for rural areas, E hubs
western culture road infrastructure- public service
aggressive materialisation increase opportunity, tourist places
countryside - traditional - satisfied awareness campaigns

Suggested Introduction

The development of country side compiled with the development of

the city side bridge the gap between developing and the developed
countries. Lack of the investment by government in Country side has
led the government to take immediate measures for the holistic
development of the country.

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GN – 11- Whether government should bear the fees of university

education or it should be borne by the student themselves

University Fees
Government Individual

Improve Literacy ratio burden of Studies

poor student can afford Importance of responsibility
corruption, crime regular discipline
self finance college quality education
skilled students Commercialization
sophisticated society Privatization

“Education is transmission of civilization”

“Encouragement of nine tenth of education”

Suggested Introduction

A University is the place where “PEBBLES ARE POLISHED AND

DIAMONDS ARE DIMMED “ itself signifies the importance of the
university education, well the question is of funding the students either
by government or by individual is controversial

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BUSINESS
B-1-Which profession in your country is highly paid? Doctors,
Politicians, and public artists? Write your opinion and give reasons
and e.g.

Earnings
necessity of earning Causes to high earnings

money oriented society Dr. - high expenses, high charges

society driven people infrastructure costs
aggressive materialisation Politician - investment on elections
high attrition rate corruption ,
show off public artist - not favoured one
choice of profession on calibre deprived of high earnings
other profession - film industry
sports persons
few get success

Suggested introduction

In this competitive world money has taken the driving seat leading to
status symbol in society and it doesn’t matter about the highly paid
ones but do priories highly earned persons which doesn’t confine to a
particular profession, talking about particular profession could lead
controversies.

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B-2-Do you prefer to work in a large company or own a small

business? What will you prefer and why?

WORK
Large Company Small business
Advantages Advantages
Get the exposure own boss
association with experts in field independent
advance working style optimisation of business
less burden and less stressful holistic development
fixed salary long term investment
work , team management
clear focus , limited area
Bonus,promotion DISADVANTAGES
swap between companies huge investment
no investment , no risk Risk
hectic work hours
disadvantage no fixed income
follow the seniors core competition
no innovation , and creativeness
adhere to company's rules

Suggested Introduction

Work and workplace are the inevitable part of anybody’s life, where job
becomes the first stepping stone and on gaining experience, a person
as per his thinking, investment capacity and perception either continue
a job in a renowned company or start his own business.

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B-3-Employees are given higher salary , it is said that companies

should provide them other facilities like health care and holidays .
What should companies do to make employees happy ? Give reasons
and examples to your answer.

Employees
Higher salaries Health and holidays
Advantages Advantages
more disposable Income refresh themselves
motivational money Socialization
overcome financial crisis taken care by company
retirement plans employee bonding
priorise use of money job security
savings and investment Pessimistic
Optimistic
result orientation

Dis Advantages Dis Advantages

high earning - high expense need Motivation to work
lavish lifestyle financial crisis – hard
opulence lifestyle bad investments for the company
professional
switching to other company

Suggested Introduction

In this competitive world where the organizations in order to survive in

cut throat competition motivate their employees in different ways
where priorising to higher salary or health and holidays is a moot issue.

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B-4-Now a days it is common that international companies set up

their business in developing countries and appointing local workers.
Along with the benefits does it out weigh the drawbacks also.

International companies- developing country

Benefits Drawbacks

low investment Local business dry out

huge market increase competition
low competition Quality
cheap labour Deforestation
raw materials Corruption
enhance business Crime
establish relationship financial outflow in form of profits
Taxes

Suggested introduction
In this world of globalisation where the world has become a
global village the international companies have been entering
into developing country’s marketfor optimization of profit lead
to development of developing nations

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B-5-As most people spend their major part of adult life at work. Job
satisfaction is an important element. What factors contribute to Job
satisfaction?

JOB
Satisfaction factor Importance

Financial award , Incentives Stability

working Hours Socialization
Leaves fixed schedule , enough time
travel, therapeutic aid efficiency , productivity
Promotions change , rejuvenate
airy, spacious hectic schedule
Accommodation healthy lifestyle
Transportation Innovation
clear about their own aim enjoy fullest
Realistic

Suggested Introduction

Work and work place are the indispensable part of the person’s life
where he/ she spends important hours of his life, in such circumstances
job satisfaction is vital to accomplish the aims which the organizations
have set to optimization

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B-6-Uniform should be banned in an organization as it distracts

employee’s identity. Do you agree or not?

UNIFORM – organization
Banned Not banned

dressing sense unity , uniqueness

Change avoid partiality
own identification difference form others
attractive attires identification of company
enjoy fullest aid in critical condition
Defocus curtails inferiority complex
superiority complex poor get benefited
Monotonous
burden for organization

Suggested Introduction

Work and workplaces are the indispensible part of a persons life where he/she
spends important years of the life to optimize organization profit needed to be
motivated through external and internal factors in such circumstances uniform
ought to be emphasize.

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B-7-Many people think that nowadays people are being subjected to

more and more pressure in their work, and thus are having less and
less time to relax. What is your opinion?

WORK
Pressure Relax time

Aggressive Materialisation mind and body maintanence

Challenge to work at better efficiency
opulent lifestyle proper nutrition
perfirmance bars incentive from companies
high salaries outings and recreation
high commitment
less socialized
long working hours
increases diseases

Suggested introduction

A run for an extra penny has converted the globe into a marathon
in which every person faces the cut throat competition where
every step is a challenge building more and more pressure in
each sectors of life mainly at the workplace is a matter of debate.

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B-8-Sale of popular Consumer goods is increasing due to the power Of

advertisements or a real need of the people In society Is increasing

Advertising

Media role
Necessity of advertisement
usage of celebrity
target audience
adverts in form of POS
Merchandising
disposable income
increasing competition

Suggested Introduction

In present era when advertising has taken a leap on climbing the back
bone of media , sales and the consumption of actual products goes
hand to hand where people get carried away by the glamorous and
appealing advertisements ends in buying the products which results in
the increased demand of the product.

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Children and youngster

CY-1-Younger people have lots of problems but their problems often
ignored by the people running the country. Give solution to the
problems faced by younger generation.

Youngsters
Problems Solutions
Unemployment, poverty employment exchange
Corruption defense increase
quota system Abolish
Exploitation laws and legislation
higher competition better education opportunities
Dearness govt schemes
lack of counseling counselling centres
lack of support, encouragement Technology
Addictions Banned
Discrimination

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Proverbs
“A stitch in time , saves nine”

“ OF the people , FOR the people , BY the people

Vocabulary
Youth, Youngsters -Corruption , Bribes - Significantly
Pioneers, pillars -curb , curtail , reduce - destruct , ruin ,
deteriorate
accustom , addiction - Measures , proactive steps

-conscious and use conscience - Solution, resolve , overcome

-cope with core competition, cut throat competition,

People running country are the part of government which is “of the
people, for the people , and by the people” accounts to facilitate the
needs and problems of all but the un matured teen agers remains out
of their focus so as to be left on the discretion of the parents and
guardians ought to be addressed as they are the pioneers of country’s
development.

The youth of any country are the pioneers of the country’s

development who should be prioritized to resolve their issues
by the leaders of the country towards vertical economic growth
and horizontal development of the country.

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CY-2-What would be the difference between children of today’s

generation and next generation ? Discuss.

Children
Today's Generation Next generation
respect their elders nuclear family
civilised , conserve, culture early maturity
tradition , co-curricular activities generation gap
physically healthy , mental fitness self dependent
friend circle, extrovert western culture
immune system fast food, obesity , disease
education books ,innovative isolated , introvert
earn while you learn
advanced
addiction, computers

“Children are the mirror image of their parents”

“A mother laps the child to socialization and a father shoulders to the complex world”

Today’s children are tomorrow’s future , where parent’s role get crucial
as “children are the mirror image of their parents” has been changing in
this ever growing technological world would separate today’s children
with that of next generation.

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CY-3-What are the advantages of living in number of plans during the

childhood? Give reasons and examples for answer ?

No of Plans, cities, Towns

Advantages Disadvantages
know different culture & tradition destruct studies
learn new language Isolation
taste different cuisines no socialization
geographical knowledge scarce friend circle
rounded development nuclear family
Comparisons acclimatisation issues
Adaptable destruct own culture
Confidence mother tongue
extrovert, clear vision divert to computer games – TV
experience world lack consistency

Suggested Introduction

In this competitive world it is not possible for any person to survive by

being at a place. A person needs to travel different parts in search of
better life and consequences of the same are suffered by their children
accompanied with their rounded development.

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CY-4-In many countries students are engaged in some kind of paid

work. Some people regard this as completely wrong. Do you agree or
disagree. Give reasons and e.g.

Student - Paid work

Advantages Disadvantages

Exposure , experience Destruct studies

Extrovert money oriented
responsible defocus
financial aid Exploitation
Expertisation bad habits
Independence student life , childhood ruins
realize the value for money
time management
practical approach

Suggested introduction

Different stages of the life carries own accountabilities where the vedic
approach of student mentions the focus on education but the
competitive world raises the need to work even with studies which has
the controversial views by different groups.

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CY-5-Recent figures of youngster crime rate has increased in major

cities of world . give reasons and solutions to this problem

Youngster crime rate

Reasons Solutions
Aggressive Materialisation awareness campaigns
financial crunch consequences exposed
shortcut money joint families
nuclear families media, controlled
stress, peer pressures laws and legislations
exposure to violence Employment
influence of Media- celebrities Socialization
unemployment, poverty parent's involvement
addictions to drugs, tobacco Family warmth
religious purpose usages

Important sentence – High aggression low tolerance

Suggested Introduction
Today the world has become the global village by its pace Of globalization which
would continue with the conscious efforts of youngsters who have been
squandering their time in criminal activities needed to be intervened by parents
and government to make the globe a better place to live.

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CY -6-Computer games are played by all children of different

nationalities .But parents thinks that they are not very educational
rather are very harmful. What do you think ,wirte with examples.

Children - Computer games

Educational Harmful
Puzzles, Sudoku , Chess Destruct vision
Form of entertainment - learning gesture and posture
improves creativity , innovation hamper studies
release stress of studies Violence
planning skills isolation,introvert
management skills physical fitness
accustom with comp squander time
Career Addiction
financial burden
reduction of outdoor games

Suggested Introduction

Childhood is the most important period in anybody’s life and parents should be
very conscious for their upbringing. Computer games being most common tool
accessed and demanded by children, lead to dangerous effects which over weigh
the advantages

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CY-7-Some believe the children should be given enough leisure time

while others argue that it should be educational , What do you think
children should do ? give your opinion

Children - Leisure time

Liesure time Educational
Creativity improves enhance knowledge
physical fitness desired results
core abilities , interpersonal skills cope with competition
holistic development several careers
change is imminent , rejuvenate depth knowledge
reduce stress and strain Respect
area of exploration book worms , isolate , introvert
Spectrum monotonous , x enjoy fullest

“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”

Suggested Introduction

Childhood is the significant phase of the life , should be undertaken

with conscious effort s of the parents who should use their conscience
at the time of indulging their children either to leisure activities or
education is controvercial.

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CY-8-In some countries children have very strict rules of behaviour, in

other countries they are allowed to do almost anything they want. To
what extent should children have to follow rules?

Children – CONTROL
Freedom Restrictions

Wet Clay Limited restrictions

Strong reception adverse effects
Innovative anti social activities
Creative bad addictions
progress of all sense of revenge
direction needed teenage crime increases
learning by doing restriction under supervision
learn by mistakes
lessons of life

Suggested Introduction

Children being the base of any country’s development should be

empowered with the sense of discipline and inculcation of those is
essential for creation of the disciplined and well organized society but
imposing too many restrictions could also work counterproductive.

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CY-9-Some people think that family is the most important influence

on young adults. Others think that friends are the most important on
them. Which view do you agree to?

Youngsters- influenced
Family Friends

Teaching from childhood comparison , peer group

conserving tradition and culture same age, similar mentality
ethics, moral responsibilities no constraints
base of life Supportive
safegaurd from wrong addictions comfortable interactions
Controls Appreciation
learning from observing motivation, no criticism
shield against outside seduction

Suggested Introduction

Every person tends to get influence by some or the other person,

sometimes by family members and sometimes by the friends, it
depends on quantum of time spent but still there are controversies
prevailing to that.

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CY-10-Children are studying with calculators and computers while

some argue that they should study more with the books. Give your
opinion.

Classroom education
Computers & calculators Books
ADVANTAGES ADVANTAGES
Faster , smoother, smarter easy to carry
save the work easy to understand
calculations easy matter as per course
easy access , advance technology enhance the mental abilities
accurate , economical gives required knowledge only
paperless device practical way
audio visual benefits reading and writing abilities
Release burden of studies
DIS ADVANTAGES DIS ADVANTAGES
Blur vision - Gesture, posture limited source
complex operations availability dearth
development of mental ability x less effective
Addiction of games not eco friendly
dependency increases Monotonous
costly / book worms

Suggested Introduction
Students are the base of any country’s development who should be
empowered with proper education and access of Computer and
calculator instead of book is a moot issue.

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CY-11-Younger people have lots of problems but their problems are

often ignored by the people running the country. Give solution to the
problems faced by younger generation.

Youngster Problem
Problems Measures

Unemployment , poverty Employment exchange centre

Corruption increase defence
quota system abolish quota system
Exploitation laws and legislation
education opportunities better education , opportunities
increased competition govt scheme
Dearness counseling centre
Lack of counseling improvement in technology
lack of support , encouragement ban tobacco products
Addiction

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Proverbs:
“Government is of the people, for the people and by the people.”
“Stich in time saves nine”

Vocabulary:
Youth accustom - addiction
Issue measure – proactive steps
Pioneers – Pillars conscious -
conscience
Curb – curtail – reduce solution –
resolve – overcome.
Destruct- ruin – deteriorate
Growth

Suggested introduction

The youth of any country are the pioneers of the country’s

development who should be prioritized to resolve their issues by the
leaders of the country towards vertical economic growth and horizontal
development of the country.

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CY-12- Children should play traditional games while some people say
that they should play modern games. What do you think about it ?
give your opinion

CHILDREN – GAMES
Traditional Modern

Concept games modern concept

physical fitness technology savvy
improve mental abilities mono player
Extrovertness Convenience
improve immune system animated , good visual ,sound effect
friends- face to face communication
Qualities
- team and time management violence displayed
Leadership , creativity Isolated
rounded development destruct gesture posture
(musculoskeletal disorder )
Injuries less socialized
Failures- revenge addiction

Suggested Introduction

In this ever changing world technology have brought changes in each

and every sector the games too found the modern approach replacing
the traditional ones but brought its own pros and cons

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CULTURE AND TRADITION

CT-1-Some people get married with the person from different culture
or different country. Some people are in against of it. Describe
advantages and disadvantages. Give reasons and e.g.

Marriages - Different culture and country

Advantages Disadvantages

Know different culture differences in family

rituals and tradition lead to conflict and quarrel
different language Isolation
improve relationship - castes face eventualities alone
migration becomes easy less socialized
geographical knowledge destruct own culture
single culture destruct mother tongue
high divorce rate
children suffer

Suggested Information
Marriage Is the most crucial decision in anybody’s life where
person needs to be conscious while selecting the life partner and
if from other country or culture he needs to be very strong to face
the eventualities which they may face in course of life.

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CT-2-Every year several languages die out . Some say that it would be
easier if fewer languages are there . Give your opinion

Languages Die out

Advantages Disadvantages

Globalization destruct tradition and culture

Easy communication Monotonous
single culture hamper creativity
catalyst to international trade reduce competition
global village destruct religious values
travelling, tourism, aviation Transliteration
streamline usage of energy
language barrier, overcome
improve common understanding

Suggested Introduction

In this world of globalization no country can develop without the help

of other countries. The world has become global village and to satisfy
the individual needs the need of Common language has arosen , leading
to dying out of several languages , the advantages of which over weigh
the disadvantages

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CT-3-Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding
change. Other however thinks that change is always a good thing. Discuss both
these views and give your opinion.

Some people
Same type life Change

Expertization Updations
cope with uncertainities defocus from constant project
status , dignity Flexibility
long term growth global competition
safe , secure Opportunities
traditional concept Wonders
mutual understanding modern concept , practical
Optimization CHANGE IS ONLY PERMANENT

Negatives Negatives
Growth limitation Long term relationship decrease
compete to global world Fluctuations
Negativity cant settled
adapt to eventualities
Dependent

Suggested Introduction

No two persons are same on this world. Different people pass different
perception towards their destiny, some like consistency while others feel
that “change is imminent”.

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CT-4-Today a lot of different cultures and ethnic groups live together in

one country. Why is this so and do you think this is a positive or
negative development?”

Different Culture people staying together

Positive Negative

Development local residents oppose

contribute to each other Groupism
impart skills and characteristics security of rights
dissolve in the state confuse children
share tradition and culture far from native countries
exposure to new horizon

Suggested Information

By the advent of globalization, Privatization, and liberalization the trends

of immigrations to the developed countries fills those cities with the
mixed cultured people, though adds a flavor to the development of the
country still it carries some drawbacks which should not be overlooked.

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CT-5-Whether one should conserve our traditions and cultures or it

should be replaced by western culture.

Conserve tradition and culture

Yes - Why ? No - Why ?

Own identity / prestige , dignity Globalisation

Responsibility single culture
conserve values "change is imminent"
pass to next generation travelling increases –better life style
History destruct our culture,tradition values
Ancestors "diversity, is beauty of nature"
patriotic emotions contryside ---cityside
harmony , peace elders - respect – complex
joint family old age houses – conflict
nuclear families

Suggested Introduction

People never gone with culture, they inculcate culture which can be defined as
positive qualities of a group of people consist of beliefs, rules, languages, style of
dress, religion , rituals, political system followed by the people since their ancestors
needed to be obeyed by young generation.

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CT-6-Today in present scenario people are copying other culture and

tradition, why this Is happening? What are the advantages and
disadvantages .What could be done to revert this ?

Copying Culture and tradition

Why Dis advantage
Globalisation
Comfort and opulence destruct tradition
celebrities ( blind Influence) detest mother tongue
moulding into single culture addiction to bad habits
Advantages destruct socialization
Global village hampers diversity
uniformity and equality Braindrain
standardization and sophistication self centered people
Passion
Steps to revert
leads to nuclear families
elders to initiate on role
mix cultures
more cultural activities
advertising of foreign companies

Suggested Introduction

By the advent of Globalization, Privatization, Liberalization cultures and

traditions have transcended national barriers and several cultures are
moulding towards single culture which has its pros and cons.

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