BSCE 2-1

DOMESTIC
WATER
HEATING
PRESENTED BY:
EMPRESE, JOSHLEE N.
ENRIQUEZ, ROI CHRISTIAN F.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.1 WATER HEATING SYSTEM

5.1.1 WATER HEATER EFFICIENCY

5.1.2 WATER HEATER SYSTEMS FOR PATIENT CARE

AND RESEARCH BUILDINGS EFFICIENCY

5.1.3 INSTANTANEOUS & SEMI-INSTANTANEOUS WATER

HEATERS

5.1.4 TANK TYPE WATER HEATERS

5.1.5 BOOSTERS HEATERS

DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

OBJECTIVES

1 To be able to
define and
2 To be able to
differentiate
3 To be able to
understand
understand instantaneous the importance
the process and semi- of water
and types of instantaneous heating
Water Heating water heaters efficiency,
System domestic and
industrial
 DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

WHAT IS DOMESTIC WATER HEATING?

Refers to heating water for
various household purposes,
such as bathing, cooking,
cleaning, and space heating.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1
WATER HEATING
SYSTEM
Any mechanism or equipment
designed to heat water for various
purposes, such as domestic or
commercial use.

Their primary function is to raise the

temperature of water to meet specific
needs, such as bathing, cooking,
cleaning, or industrial processes.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

TYPES OF WATER HEATING

5.1
SYSTEMS
Storage Water Heaters

Tankless Water Heaters

Heat Pump Water Heaters

Solar Water Heaters

Condensing Water Heaters

DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

TYPES OF WATER HEATING SYSTEMS

5.1
Storage Water Heaters Tankless Water Heaters

The most common type of water Works to heat water as soon as you demand
heater, can either be electric- it, effectively giving you an unlimited amount
powered or gas-powered of hot water to use
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

TYPES OF WATER HEATING SYSTEMS

5.1
Heat Pump Water Heaters Solar Water Heaters

Work by transferring heat from Make use of solar panels on your property to
the air outside of your home to heat water.
the water inside the storage tank
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

TYPES OF WATER HEATING SYSTEMS

5.1
Condensing Water Heaters

Can only be installed in homes

that have a natural gas heating
unit
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.1

WATER HEATER
EFFICIENCY
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.1
WATER HEATER EFFICIENCY
REFERS TO HOW EFFECTIVELY A WATER
HEATER CONVERTS ENERGY INTO USABLE
HOT WATER WHILE MINIMIZING ENERGY
WASTE

HIGHER EFFICIENCY MEANS THAT MORE OF

THE ENERGY INPUT IS EFFECTIVELY USED TO
HEAT WATER, RESULTING IN LOWER ENERGY
BILLS AND REDUCED ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO THE

5.1.1
EFFICIENCY OF A WATER HEATER
Energy Source Tank Size

Insulation Temperature Control

Heating Element or Heat Recovery Systems

Burner Design

Maintenance
 DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.1
THE ENERGY FACTOR (EF) UNIFORM ENERGY FACTOR
EF is a measure of how efficiently a
water heater uses energy, calculated
(UEF)
by dividing the energy delivered in The newest measure of water heater
heated water by the energy input. overall efficiency. The higher the UEF
Higher EF means better efficiency. value is, the more efficient the water
Electric resistance water heaters have heater.
EFs ranging from 0.7 and 0.95. Most traditional water heaters have
Gas water heaters from 0.5 and 0.6, a UEF of between 0.63 and 0.95.
with some high-efficiency models
ranging around 0.8.
Oil water heaters from 0.7 and 0.85.
Heat-pump water heaters from 1.5 to
2.0.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.1
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.1
TRIVIA

When comparing water heaters for efficiency, it's important to look for Energy Factor (EF) ratings for storage
water heaters and Uniform Energy Factor (UEF) ratings for tankless and heat pump water heaters. These ratings
provide standardized measures of energy efficiency, allowing consumers to make informed choices based on
performance and energy savings.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.2
WATER HEATER
SYSTEMS FOR PATIENT
CARE AND RESEARCH
BUILDINGS
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.2
WATER HEATER SYSTEMS
FOR PATIENT CARE AND
RESEARCH BUILDINGS
REDUNDANCY OF THE PEAK LOAD MUST BE CONSIDERED IN THE
DESIGN OF WATER HEATER SYSTEMS FOR PATIENT CARE AND
RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS IN ORDER TO SUPPLY THE HOT WATER
DEMAND OF THE BUILDING WITH THE LARGEST UNIT OFFLINE.
PRIORITY WILL BE GIVEN TO INDIRECT HEATING SOURCES LIKE
STEAM OR HOT WATER FROM A CENTRAL ENERGY PLANT. IT
REQUIRE ALTERNATE ENERGY SOURCES TO CONTINUE
OPERATING.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.2
Water heaters for patient care and research buildings
must meet specific requirements to ensure safety,
reliability, and efficiency:

Reliability Temperature Control

Capacity Safety Features

Energy Efficiency Water Quality

Maintenance
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.2
REMEMBER

Consult knowledgeable experts, such as engineers, plumbers, or facility managers, to determine the precise hot
water requirements of medical and research buildings and to choose water heaters that satisfy both operational
and safety standards.

NOTE: WATER DELIVERY; Sterilizer System (utilizes 160 to 180 deg. F), Standard Hospital (utilizes 110 deg. F),
AND Psychiatric Area (utilizes limited to 100 deg. F)
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.3

WATER HEATERS
INSTANTANEOUS & SEMI-INSTANTANEOUS
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.3
INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS
ALSO KNOWN AS TANKLESS OR ON-DEMAND WATER HEATERS.
HEAT WATER DIRECTLY AS IT FLOWS THROUGH THE UNIT.
WHEN HOT WATER IS NEEDED, COLD WATER PASSES THROUGH A HEAT EXCHANGER
OR HEATING ELEMENT, WHERE IT IS RAPIDLY HEATED TO THE DESIRED TEMPERATURE.
INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS PROVIDE HOT WATER INSTANTLY, BUT THEIR FLOW
RATE MAY BE LIMITED BY THE HEATING CAPACITY OF THE UNIT. MULTIPLE UNITS MAY
BE NEEDED FOR SIMULTANEOUS HOT WATER USAGE IN LARGER HOUSEHOLDS OR
COMMERCIAL SETTINGS.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.3
SEMI-INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS
SIMILAR TO INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS BUT MAY INCORPORATE A SMALL STORAGE
TANK OR BUFFER TANK.
THE STORAGE TANK HOLDS A SMALL VOLUME OF HOT WATER, ALLOWING FOR A QUICKER
RESPONSE TIME WHEN HOT WATER IS NEEDED.
SEMI-INSTANTANEOUS WATER HEATERS CAN PROVIDE HIGHER FLOW RATES AND MORE
CONSISTENT HOT WATER TEMPERATURES THAN PURELY INSTANTANEOUS UNITS,
ESPECIALLY IN SITUATIONS WITH FLUCTUATING HOT WATER DEMAND.
THEY ARE COMMONLY USED IN COMMERCIAL OR INDUSTRIAL SETTINGS WHERE A
CONTINUOUS AND RELIABLE HOT WATER SUPPLY IS REQUIRED.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.3
TAKE NOTE

Both types of tankless water heaters offer advantages such as energy efficiency, space savings, and continuous
hot water supply. The choice between instantaneous and semi-instantaneous water heaters depends on factors
such as hot water demand, flow rate requirements, space constraints, and specific application needs.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.4
TANK TYPE
WATE HEATERS
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.4
TANK TYPE WATER
HEATER
MOST WATER HEATERS USE A STORAGE TANK
TYPE.

STORAGE OR TANK-TYPE WATER HEATERS ARE

RELATIVELY SIMPLE DEVICES AND BY FAR THE
MOST COMMON TYPE OF RESIDENTIAL WATER
HEATER USED IN THE UNITED STATES.

THEY RANGE IN SIZE FROM 20 TO 80 GALLONS,

AND CAN BE FUELED BY ELECTRICITY, NATURAL
GAS, PROPANE, OR OIL.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.5

BOOSTER
HEATERS
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.5
BOOSTERS
HEATERS
BOOSTER HEATERS ARE SUPPLEMENTARY WATER
HEATING DEVICES USED TO INCREASE THE
TEMPERATURE OF WATER THAT HAS ALREADY
BEEN HEATED BY A PRIMARY WATER HEATING
SYSTEM.

BOOSTER HEATERS ARE A SPECIAL TYPE OF

WATER HEATER TYPICALLY USED WITH
DISHWASHERS TO HEAT RINSE WATER TO
PROPER SANITIZING TEMPERATURES.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.5
HOW DO BOOSTER HEATERS
FUNCTIONS?
Installation On-Demand Operation

Heating Element Size and Capacity

Thermostat Control
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.5
ADVANTAGES OF DISADVANTAGES OF
BOOSTER HEATERS BOOSTER HEATERS
CONSISTENT HOT WATER SUPPLY INITIAL COST
TEMPERATURE CONTROL SPACE REQUIREMENTS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY MAINTENANCE NEEDS
COST SAVINGS COMPLEXITY
COMPATIBILITY ISSUES
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

5.1.5
REMEMBER

While booster heaters offer significant advantages in terms of providing consistent hot water and energy
savings, they also come with considerations such as initial cost, space requirements, maintenance needs, and
system complexity. Careful evaluation of these factors is necessary when deciding whether to incorporate
booster heaters into a water heating system.
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

BSCE 2-1
CONCLUSION
DOMESTIC WATER HEATING

BSCE 2-1

THANK
YOU