MYP 4&5 Biology - 6 - copy

Subject Grade Points

Biology MYP 5 A 25 B 24 C 25
D 26

Question 1

Knowing and understanding

This task (questions 1 to 2) addresses the key concept of relationships and focuses on criterion A
(Knowing and understanding).

Genetic inheritance: passing traits from parents to offspring.

A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's
garden. His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular
patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of
heredity.

Q 1.1 Select who postulated the theory of chemical evolution? A2

A Lamarck

B Miller and Urey

C Oparin and Haldane

D Darwin and Wallace

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Q 1.2 Suggest at least three reasons behind selection of Pea Plant by Mendel. A3

Words: 0

Image 1

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Q 1.3 Interpret the above image and suggest the kind of plants grown during F1 and F2 A2
generations

Words: 0

Q 1.4 Justify the reason behind the kind of plants produced in both the generations. A1

Words: 0

Q 1.5 Mendel’s work remained unrecognized from 1865 to 1900. Explain the possible A2
reasons for it.

Words: 0

Q 1.6 Identify what will a zygote with one X and one Y chromosome develop into - A1

A girl

B boy

C either girl or boy

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Q 1.7 A person has to use method to verify law of independent assortment. Suggest him a A3
method to verify the same. Describe how he will be able to verify the above
mentioned law.

Words: 0

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Question 2

The invention of vaccines revolutionized healthcare, preventing illnesses and saving countless lives.

Tetanus is a serious but rare condition caused by bacteria getting into a wound.
In 2019 there were only 4 cases of tetanus reported in England. The number is low because an
effective tetanus vaccine is given as part of the NHS childhood vaccination programme.
Most people who get tetanus have either not been vaccinated against it or did not complete the
entire vaccination schedule.

Q 2.1 De ne the term vaccine. A2

Words: 0

Q 2.2 State the name of the person who invented vaccine also recall the disease for A2
which it was invented.

Words: 0

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Q 2.3 Vaccines can be given in many ways, most commonly, orally, Intravenously and A1
Intramuscular. Identify the vaccine that is administered orally.

A BCG vaccine

B Polio

C MMR vaccine

D COVID vaccine

Q 2.4 Justify the reason behind the vaccine's oral administration. A2

Words: 0

Q 2.5 Select the correct option and complete the statement. A1

Vaccination works by producing

A Antibody which stays in blood

B Memory Lymphocytes

C Constant simulation of immune system

Q 2.6 Moderna and P zer has proven to be effective vaccines against COVID-19 outbreak. A3
These were the mRNA vaccines that combated against the virus.
State the full form of mRNA. Suggest how mRNA vaccines might help in acquiring
immunity against the pathogen.

Words: 0

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Question 3

Investigation skills

This task (questions 3 to 4) addresses the key concept of Relationships and focuses on criterion B
(Inquiring and designing) and criterion C (Processing and evaluating).

A human re ex is an instinctive and immediate response to a sensory stimulus, bypassing conscious

thought.

A re ex is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus. The re ex

is an automatic response to a stimulus that does not receive or need conscious thought as it occurs
through a re ex arc. Many factors impact the re exes such as gender, age, physical tness, level of
fatigue, distraction, alcohol, personality type, limb used for test, biological rhythm, and health and the
type of stimulus.

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An MYP 5 year student wanted to study the impact of age on the re exes using the ruler drop
experiment

Q 3.1 State the research question for the given investigation. B1

Words: 0

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Q 3.2 Formulate and explain a hypothesis that could be tested in this investigation. B3

Words: 0

Q 3.3 Identify the variables involved in the experiment. B4

Independent variable

Dependent variable

Constant variable 1

Constant variable 2

Q 3.4 Design a safe, logical and complete method for the given experiment. Your answer B 16
must include:

Justi cation behind the selection of variables from Q 3.3.

Equipment required for the experiment
Suf cient and enough data to be collected
Safety hazard linked with the experiment

Words: 0

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Question 4

Re exes depend on the speed and ef ciency of sensory information processing in the nervous
system.

Reaction time plays an important role in swimming competitions and in saving lives as a
lifeguard: only a small delay in response to auditory stimuli can mean rst or second place in
competitions or success in saving lives.
During a swimming relay race, the reaction times of four swimmers in two teams, A and B, were
recorded. In each team, swimmer 1 responded to the sound of the start gun; swimmers 2, 3 and 4
responded to seeing the previous swimmer touch the swimming pool wall. Table below shows the
reaction times for the swimming relay teams.

Reaction time /s
Swimmer
Team A Team B

1 0.81 0.50

2 0.48 0.40

3 0.58 0.30

4 0.31 0.35

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Q 4.1 Plot the data collected in a graphical form. Your graph must include: C6

Appropriate title to the graph

Labels on X-axis and Y-axis
Equal increments on Y-axis
Unit on Y-axis
All the points plotted correctly on the graph

Q 4.2 Interpret the data given above and explain the changes in the reaction time given C3
in the above table for both Team A and Team B

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Q 4.3 Calculate the average reaction time of both the teams. Write the answer by C3
rounding off to nearest number.

Words: 0

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Q 4.4 The student hypothesized that “The reaction time of entire Team B is 3 times C3
lesser than Team A”. Evaluate the validity of hypothesis, using Q 4.3.

Words: 0

Q 4.5 State at least two weakness of the given method with improvements. C4

Words: 0

Q 4.6 State at least two extension to the given experiment. C2

Words: 0

One of the other ways of our body showing re exes is Pupillary light re ex. The pupillary light
re ex involves adjustments in pupil size with changes in light levels. The re ex is consensual:
Normally light that is directed in one eye produces pupil constriction in both eyes. The test used is
given in the following video.

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Video 4.1

Video 1

Pupillary Light Re ex | Contraction of Pupil (Miosis/Myosis) | Function…

Function…

00:00/00:34

Q 4.7 State the validity of the method used to check pupillary light re ex C1

Words: 0

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Q 4.8 Explain the scienti c reason behind how the pupils react towards the light. C3

Words: 0

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Question 5

Applying science

The global context is scienti c and technical innovation. This task (question 5) addresses the key
concept of systems and assesses criterion D (Re ecting on the impacts of science).In this task, you
will explore how biotechnology is helping people tackle reproductive issues.

In Vitro Fertilization is an assisted reproductive technology, aiding conception outside the body.

Genetic disorders and congenital abnormalities occur in about 2%-5% of all live births, account for
up to 30% of pediatric hospital admissions and cause about 50% of childhood deaths in
industrialized countries. There are many ways of diagnosing such as genetic testing: Molecular,
chromosomal, and biochemical genetic or genomic testing. One such treatment is Preimplantation
genetic diagnosis (PGD), which is de ned as the testing of preimplantation stage embryos or
oocytes for genetic defects. It has been developed for couples whose potential offspring are at risk
of severe Mendelian disorders, structural chromosome abnormalities or mitochondrial disorders.

https://babygest.com/en/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/steps-of-genetic-embryo-testing-780x332.png

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Q 5.1 Using the image above, describe how PGD helps the couples to have a healthy D4
baby.

Words: 0

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Q 5.2 Using the understanding of MYP Biology and the infographic given above, discuss D 16
and evaluate whether couples should go for a PGD test in order to conceive a
healthy baby. Your answer must include,

Two advantages of using PGD (4 marks)

Two disadvantages of using PGD (4 marks)
An economical implication of using the technique (2 marks)
An ethical implication of using the technique (2 marks)
A statement of connection with GC: Scienti c and Technical Innovation (2
marks)
A conclusion with valid justi cation (2 marks)

Words: 0

Q 5.3 D6
Apply your scienti c language to ll in the blanks given below:

is a biological process by which an organism reproduces an offspring that is

biologically similar to the organism. reproduction refers to the type of reproduction in

which only a single organism gives rise to a new individual. reproduction is a type of

reproduction that involves the production of an offspring by the fusion of male and female gametes.

Sexual reproduction in plants takes place through in which the pollen grains from

the of a male ower transfer to the of the female ower.

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