Navigate to https://www.officialgazette.gov.

ph/constitutions and examine the various

constitutions of the Philippines across the different periods and do the task provided in the
matrix below. Give at least one comparison (similarity) and one contrast (difference) on each
of the three points indicated.

Points of Comparison / Contrast

Constitutions The National Territory Bill of Rights Citizenship
1935 Constitution Similarities: The first article in our The 1935 Constitution comprises various The Article IV of the 1935
constitution, which defines the individual rights encompassing political, Constitution states that you are a
National Territory, holds paramount socio-economic, civil, and accused rights. Filipino Citizen if you are: (1)
importance and has been used These rights serve as the framework for Those who are citizens of the
throughout the years. It declares subsequent Constitutional revisions and Philippine Islands at the time of
the impending withdrawal of the continue to be actively exercised in the the adoption of this Constitution.
Philippines' two colonizers in favor present Constitution. Citizens of the (2) Those born in the Philippine
of the Commonwealth Philippines can rely on the individual rights Islands of foreign parents who,
Government, emphasizing the articulated in this document as a safeguard before the adoption of this
administration's assertion of the when needed. Constitution, had been elected to
nation's jurisdictional boundaries public office in the Philippine
and scope. Islands. (3) Either mother or
Difference: While the 1935 Constitution has father are citizens of the
Difference: The 1935 constitution served as the foundation for succeeding Philippines. (4) Those who are
solely addressed the transitional Constitutions, certain terms have been naturalized citizen in accordance
period of the Philippines, moving modified, and additional sections have been to law. But according to Section 2
from a colonial system to an incorporated into later Constitution. Philippine Citizenship may be lost
independent nation. However, or re-acquired.
numerous validations, agreements,
and policies needed resolution
before attaining full ownership of
the Philippine Archipelago.
1943 Constitution Similarities: In Article 1 of the 1943 Similarities: The majority of sections in the Similarities: The content of
Constitution, it states that the 1935 Constitution were preserved in the Section 1 and 2 of the 1943
Republic of the Philippines shall 1943 Constitution, including provisions such Constitution, which defines
exercise sovereignty over all the as the ex post facto law and the obligation Filipinos as those who are citizens
national territory as at present of contracts. at the time along with their
defined by law. descendants, and those who are
Difference: In the 1935 Constitution, the Bill naturalized in accordance with
Difference: of Rights was located in Article III, whereas the law, remains identical to the
The 1943 Constitution exclusively in the 1943 Constitution, it was situated in provisions in the 1935
addresses sovereignty, lacking any Article VII under the heading "Duties and Constitution.
context regarding the Philippine Rights of the Citizen. The sections were
Archipelago or the National shifted too, in the 1935 Constitution Section
Territory, as it was drafted during 1, it states that “No person shall be Difference: Section 1 of the 1935
the period when the Philippines deprived of life, liberty, or property without Constitution encompasses five
was under Japanese rule. factors, whereas the 1943
 Constitution includes only two
due process of law, nor shall any person be under the same section. While
denied the equal protection of the laws .” the first factor in Section 1 of the
While the 1943 constitution, Section 1 1943 Constitution closely
provides duty for the citizens to render resembles factors 1-4 in the 1935
military and civil services, pay taxes pay Constitution.
charges and engage in occupation or
profession. Certain sections from the 1935
Constitution were omitted in later versions,
including Section 3, 15, 17, and 18, which
address the rights of the people against
government violations.
1973 Constitution Similarities: The 1973 Constitution Similarities: The material and provisions of Similarities: The 1935
provided additional clarification on the 1973 Constitution mirrored those of the Qualification Structure was once
the extent, boundaries, and 1935 Constitution. The title reverted to "Bill more utilized in the 1973
jurisdiction of the Philippine of Rights" after being altered during the Citizenship version, with minor
Archipelago. It detailed the areas it 1943 Constitution. revisions introduced in Section 1.
encompasses, including islands,
water, and other territories Difference: The 1973 constitution Difference: The 1973 version
rightfully belonging to the introduced a new subsection under Section incorporated two additional
Philippines through historical right 4 which states that: sections, explaining the
or legal title. This encompassed the citizenship status of Filipino
territorial sea, airspace, subsoil, 1. The privacy of communication and women who marry an alien or
seabed, insular shelves, and other correspondence shall be inviolable except foreign citizen—allowing them to
submarine areas. While upon lawful order of the court, or when retain their citizenship unless
maintaining continuity with public safety and order require otherwise. they choose to revoke it.
previous constitutions, the 1973 Additionally, the term "natural-
version presented a more explicit 2. Any evidence obtained in violation of this born citizen," referring to
and refined context. or the preceding Section shall be individuals born in the Philippines
inadmissible for any purpose in any with both parents being Filipino
Difference: During the amendment proceeding. citizens, was introduced in
of the 1973 Constitution, we are no Section 4.
longer under any colonizers,
These two additional sections reaffirm the
neither have agreement or
right to a speedy resolution of a person's
affiliation with them. The Philippine
case and emphasize the importance of
Archipelago was genuinely under
privacy and availability of public
our exclusive sovereignty at that
information.
time. And you can see that the
details are more thorough than the
1935 and 1943 Constitution.
1987 Constitution Similarities: It shares a similar Similarities: The 1987 Bill of Rights Similarities: The components
context and structure with the incorporated and built upon the listed in Section 1 of the 1987
1973 Constitution, encompassing foundations established in the preceding Constitution are largely similar to
the more specific details of the Constitutions. those found in the preceding
Philippine Archipelago over which Constitution, with the notable
the Philippines exercises Difference: The 1987 Constitution provided addition of a specified date
sovereignty and jurisdiction. detailed explanations for the different mentioned in the 1973
sections within the Bill of Rights, outlining Constitution.
Difference: The 1987 Constitution the scopes and limitations of specific
introduced new terms such as sections like Section 3, 12, 14, 18, and 19.
terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial The section 7 of the 1973 Constitution was
domains. Certain terminology also revised from “The right to form Difference: The term “female
underwent changes, for instance, associations or societies for purposes not citizen” in Section 2 of the 1973
the shift from "historic right or legal contrary to the law shall not be abridged.” constitution has been changed
title" to "sovereignty and To Section 8 of the 1987 Constitution which into “Citizen” in Section 4 of the
jurisdiction," thereby deepening states that “The right of the people, 1987 Constitution which refers to
our obligations and rights including those employed in the public and those who married a foreign
pertaining to the territory. private sectors, to form unions, associations, citizen. There is also an additional
or societies for purposes not contrary to law section which is the Section 5
shall not be abridged.” which indicates opposition on
dual allegiance of citizens which
is inimical to the national
interest.