Abstract

The main aim of this project is to reduce the traffic in the parking place. Normally
we can see in the multiplexes, cinema halls, large industries, and function halls
there is problem they have to go and search which line is empty and which line
having place to park the vehicle, for parking then they need workers for parking in
correct position it is the money consumed process. So, to avoid this problem Car
Parking System project is implemented.

In this Electronics and communications project, we have to use the equipment’s of

microcontroller, Infrared transmitters and infrared receivers for each and every
parking slot, IR receivers should be connected to the microcontroller. Here we are
using infrared communication because it can support LOS (line of sight
communication), and while enter into gate for parking there is the display to get
the information regarding which line is empty. This information gives the
microcontroller. The microcontroller first gives the information to the IR
transmitter then it gives to the IR receiver then this information shows on the
display, so by this process the parking is easy process. So, the traffic can be
reduced in the parking place of the theatres, multiplex, and in large industries and
in commercial places.

1
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I really grateful as I have managed to complete my Final year project named “Car
Parking System” within the given time.
The project could not be completed without support and guidance of “Smt.
Navneet Kaur Nagpal”.
She has been very supportive throughout the process and helped me clear even the
smallest doubts related to documentation and helped me in development of project
by suggesting new functionalities that can improve and make my work better.
I would also like to thank “Smt. Archana Talekar”, Co-Ordinator of BScIT at M.L.
Dahanukar College for the support that she provided throughout my graduation
period.
Lastly, a big thank you for all my classmates who helped me time to time during
the project work and also though whole graduation period.
The work was never going to be completed without the help of all of the people
mentioned above.
Thanking You
Manish Gupta

2
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I really grateful as I have managed to complete my Final year project named “Car
Parking System” within the given time.
The project could not be completed without support and guidance of “Smt.
Navneet Kaur Nagpal”.
She has been very supportive throughout the process and helped me clear even the
smallest doubts related to documentation and helped me in development of project
by suggesting new functionalities that can improve and make my work better.
I would also like to thank “Smt. Archana Talekar”, Co-Ordinator of BScIT at M.L.
Dahanukar College for the support that she provided throughout my graduation
period.
Lastly, a big thank you for all my classmates who helped me time to time during
the project work and also though whole graduation period.The work was never
going to be completed without the help of all of the people mentioned above.
Thanking You
Hiten Vishwakarma

3
 DECLARATION

I here by declare that the project entitled, “Car Parking System” done at
Mumbai, Maharashtra, has not been any case duplicated to submit to any other
university for the award of any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than
me, no one has submitted to any other university.

The project is done in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) to be
submitted as final semester project as part of our curriculum.

Manish Vijay Gupta

4
 DECLARATION

I here by declare that the project entitled, ”Car Parking System” done at
Mumbai, Maharashtra, has not been any case duplicated to submit to any other
university for the award of any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than
me, no one has submitted to any other university.

The project is done in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE(INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY) to be
submitted as final semester project as part of our curriculum.

Hiten Rambharat Vishwakarma

5
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION ……………………………….9

1.1Background………………………………………………..9

1.2Objectives…………………………………………………..11

1.3 Purpose, Scope and Applicability…………………………11

1.3.1Purpose………………………………………………….11

1.3.2Scope…………………………………………………..…11

1.3.3 Applicability……………………………………………12

CHAPTER 2: SURVEY OF TECHNOLOGY …………….13

2.1 Frontend………………………………………………….13
2.2 Backend…………………………………………………..14
2.3Survey……………………………………………………….16

CHAPTER 3: Requirement and Analysis ……………………..24

3.1 Problem Definition…………………………………………24
3.2 planning and scheduling……………………………………24
3.2.1 Gantt Chart………………………………………………..24
3.2.2 PERT Diagram…………………………………………….26

3.3Hardware and Software Requirements Specifications………27

3.4 Conceptual Models…………………………………………28

3.4.1 ER Diagram……………………………………………….28
3.4.2 Use Case Diagram…………………………………………30

6
3.4.3 Sequence Diagram………………………………………32
3.4.4 Flow Chart Diagram…………………………………….33
3.4.5 Data Flow Diagram………………………………………36
3.4.6 Class Diagram……………………………………………38
3.4.7 Activity Diagram………………………………………40

CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DESIGN …………………………43

4.1 System Design…………………………………………..43
4.2 Pseudo Code…………………………………………….51

Chapter 5: Implementation and Testing……………………….53

5.1 implementation Approach………………………………….53
5.2 Coding And Efficiency……………………………………..57
5.3 Testing Approach………………………………………….84
5.3.1 Test Cases……………………………………………….84
5.3.2 Types Of Testing………………………………………..84
5.4 Modification And Implementation…………………………86

Chapter 6: Result and Discissions……………………………87

6.1 Test Reports………………………………………………87
6.2 Screenshots……………………………………………….89

Chapter 7: Conclusions…………………………………….96
7.1 Conclusion………………………………………………96
7.2 Limitations……………………………………………….96

7
7.3 Future Scope of the Project………………………………97

8
 Chapter1:Intoduction

Parking management system for managing the records of the incoming

and outgoing vehicles in an parking HouseIt’s an easy for Admin to
retrieve the data if the vehicle has been visited through number he can
get that data. Now days in many public places such as malls, multiplex
system, hospitals, offices, market areas there is a crucial problem of
vehicle parking. The vehicle parking area has many lanes/slots for car
parking. So to park a vehicle one has to look for all the lanes. Moreover
this involves a lot of manual Labour and investment. Instead of vehicle
caught in towing the vehicle can park on safe and security with low
cost.
Parking control system has been generated in such a way that it is filled
with many secure devices such as, parking control gates, toll gates,
time and attendance machine, car counting system etc. These features
are hereby very necessary nowadays to secure your car and also to
evaluate the fee structure for every vehicles entry and exit
The objective of this project is to build a Vehicle Parking management
system that enables the time management and control of vehicles using
number plate recognition. The system that will track the entry and exit
of cars, maintain a listing of cars within the parking lot, and determine
if the parking lot is full or not. It will determine the cost of per vehicle
according to their time consumption.

1.1 Background
Over the year, car parking system and the accompanying technologies
have increased and diversified. Car parking systems have been around
almost since the time cars Where invented, in any area where there is a
significant amount of traffic there are car parking systems. Car parking
system were developed in the early 20th century in response in the need
of storage space for vehicles.
In the 1920s forerunners of automated parking system appeared in U.S
cities like
9
Los Angeles, Chicago, New York and Cincinnati. Some of these multi-
Story Structure are still standing and have been adapted for new users.
One of the Kent Automatic parking garages in the New York.
In recent years, parking a car has become a serious problem in large
cities with increasing rate of private vehicles. With the emerging
problem of parking cars, the ordinary parking system that does not
provide any information about available parking areas would not be
able to handle the problem effectively. The typical car park system
would only be able to provide information of available parking
locations or another system would require human resources to
determine and provide information about the location of the available
parking locations. These types of parking systems would only provide
minimal information on the available parking locations and would not
be able to handle the parking issues effectively. As such these systems
would get the drivers to search the parking areas on their own and thus
create a problem where there would be too many cars in the car park
area.
In order to address the problem of parking effectively, sensors can be
utilized to detect and provide information on the location of available
parking areas. Among the implementation of Sensor based parking
system is a wireless sensor system. This system would utilize sensors
in each parking space would provide information on the status of each
car park locations but the cost of installing sensors in each parking bay
might prove to be prohibitive as the cost of installing sensors would
increase with the increase in the number of parking bays or areas. A
vision based system was developed as an alternative to the ordinary
system to detect available parking bay locations .The availability of a
vision based parking system would enable the system to be enhanced or
scalable with only the utilization of a number of cameras. The method
of detecting and locating available parking locations using a vision
based system has proven to be robust and cost effective where only a
minimal number of cameras are needed. The primary purpose of this
paper would be to demonstrate the development of a low cost vision
based parking system that can be used to determine the location of
available parking locations and provide feedback on the available
locations.
10
1.2-Objective
The main objective of the parking system is to manage the details. Of
Duration, Vehicles, Parking, Slots, Customer, parking fees. It manages
all the information about Duration, Type, Parking Fees, Duration. The
project is totally Build at administrative in and thus only the
administrator is granted the access. The purpose of the project is to
build an application program to reduce the manual work for managing.
the durations, vehicles, type, parking slot. Its track all the details about
the parking slot, customers, parking fees. We can park our vehicle in
our own slot by paying, Because of that there Is no towing problems,
And our vehicle has been parked as a secure condition, There is no risk
for vehicle owner for parking the car, In case of any damages and
problem of vehicle that will claim by parking management.

1.3-Purpose, scope and applicability:

1.3.1: Purpose
To develop an intelligent, user friendly automated car parking system
which reduces the manpower and traffic congestion. To offer safe and
secure parking slots within limited area. A car parking system is a
mechanical device that multiplies parking capacity inside a parking lot.
Parking systems are generally powered by electric motors or hydraulic
pumps that move vehicles into a storage position. Car parking systems
may be traditional or automated. In some of the parking areas are
lacking such facilities and hence fail all the security norms necessary to
park a vehicle. By looking such a huge Concern it is highly required
that each and every parking areas should be well equipped with high
tech parking control systems, that nevertheless lasts the best.

1.3.2: Scope
Nowadays parking is very important and hence it is necessary for every
vehicle owner to park his or her car in a secure designated parking slot
available. To escalate this particular system various parking owners
have integrated themselves with sophisticated parking control systems,
which are high tech and offers full Fledged parking services. Parking
control system has been generated in such a way that it is filled with

11
many secure devices such as barricades, swing gates, slide gates,
parking control gates, toll gates, time and attendance machine, car
counting system etc. These features are hereby very necessary
nowadays to secure your car and also to evaluate the fee structure for
every Vehicles entry and exit.
1.3.3: Applicability
Car parking system is a mechanical device that multiples parking
capacity inside a parking lot. Car parking systems may be traditional
automated. Auto car lifts move vehicles into safe and secure storage
area until they are needed. In the long term, automated are likely to be
more cost effective than traditional parking garages. Automatic multi-
storey automated car parking system are less expensive.
• Maintain records in short time of period.

• Determines the parking area is full or not.

• Enhances the visitor’s experience.

Chapter 2: Survey of Technology

12
2.1 Frontend: -
The part of a website that user interacts with directly is termed as front
end. It is also referred to as the ‘client side’ of the application. It
includes everything that users experience directly: text colors and
styles, images, graphs and tables, buttons, colors, and navigation menu.
HTML, CSS, and Python are the languages used for Front End
development.

 HTML: HTML stands for Hyper Text Mark-up Language. It is

used to design web pages using mark-up language. Hyper Text
defines the link between the web pages whereas Mark-up
Language defines the structure of the webpages. It consists of
series of elements that tell the browser how to display the content
and are represented by tags. HTML tags label pieces of content
such as “heading”, “paragraph”, “tables” and so on. Browsers do
not display the HTML tags, but use them to render the content of
the page.

 CSS: CSS is the language for describing the presentation of

Web pages, including colors, layout, and fonts. It allows one to
adapt the presentation to different types of devices, such as large
screens, small screens, or printers. CSS is independent of HTML
and can be used with any XML-based markup language.

 Python: Python is a widely used, interpreted, high-level,

general-purpose programming language. It allows programming
in Object-Oriented, Procedural and Functional paradigms.
Python programs generally are smaller than other programming
languages like Java. Programmer have to type relatively less and
indentation requirement of the language makes it clear and
readable all the times. Unlike many other languages it does not
use curly brackets to delimit blocks and it has fewer syntactic
expressions.

13
  I have selected Html (Hypertext Markup Language), CSS
(Cascading Style Sheet), php for my project because html and
css will be use as the GUI and building Web pages. html
provides the structure of the page while css
will provide the layout, for a variety of devices. the language is
meant to be an easy, modern, general purpose, object-oriented
programming language. It defines such elements as headlines or
paragraphs and enables embedding images, video, and other
media. Php will be used for the parking selection for the area
where you have to park

2.2 Back End: -

Backend is server side of the website. It stores and arranges data, and
also makes sure everything on the client-side of the website works fine.
It is the part of the website that you cannot see and interact with. It is
the portion of software that does not come in direct contact with the
users. The parts and characteristics developed by backend designers are
indirectly accessed by users through a front-end application. Activities,
like writing APIs, creating libraries, and working with system
components without user interfaces or even systems of scientific
programming, are also included in the backend.

 SQL: SQL is a database computer language designed for the

retrieval and management of data in a relational database. SQL
stand for Structured Query 15 Language. It allows the user to
create and drop databases and also manipulate that data. Users
can create tables, views, store procedures, functions in the
database and also set permissions on tables, procedures and
views. All the Relational Database Management Systems
(RDBMS) like MySQL, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix,
Postgres and SQL Server use SQL as their standard database
language.

14
  MySQL: MySQL is a freely available open-source Relational
Database Management System (RDBMS). MySQL is an
essential part of almost every open-source PHP application. One
of the most important things about using MySQL is to have a
specialized host. It is a fast, easy-to-use RDBMS being used for
many small and big businesses. It works on many operating
systems like PHP, Java, etc.

 MangoDB: MongoDB is a cross-platform document-oriented

database program. It is classified as a NoSQL database,
MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with schema. It supports
field, range query and regular expression searches. MongoDB
scales horizontally. It provides 3 ways to perform aggregations
namely pipeline, map-reduce function and single purpose. It also
supports fixed-size collections called capped collections.

I have selected mysql as a backend as it is meant to be easy and

convenient mysql holds a set of collections. Collections have no
predefined schema and stores data as documents. In this context,
document in mysql is referred to as a set of fields and can be
considered as a collection of rows. It can store complicated structures
like lists or documents. There are many collections and each collection
can have any kind of document and each document has an ID
associated with it, which is used as a primary key. The features of
mysql include load balancing and replicating data over multiple
machines in order to store files because of which it can be used as a file
system

2.3 Survey

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
 Chapter 3: Requirement and Analysis

3.1 Problem Definition

With the rapid proliferation of vehicle availability and usage in recent
years, finding a vacant car parking space is becoming more and more
difficult, resulting in a number of practical conflicts. Parking problems
are becoming ubiquitous and ever growing at an alarming rate in every
major city. Lot of research and development is being done all over the
world to implement better and smarter parking management
mechanisms. As the fuel price is keep increase nowadays, users will try
their best to save their vehicle energy. At the peak hour, they need to
wait for a long time at the entrance gate before they can find the empty
parking space. So, the users will waste their time and energy to find a
free space. Last but not least, the major issue of the parking system is
the insufficient parking spaces provided for the user. This may cause by
the improper planning by developers of the places Besides that, the
convenient system did not equip with helpful information. When the
parking bay is on its peak hour, the user will search the parking space
at the same area again and again before they found it, only if they are
lucky. Sometimes, the car park management did not put a notice that
the area was full and no more space for parking. Currently, most of the
existing car parks do not have a systematic system. Most of them are
manually managed and a little inefficient. The problem that always
occurs at the car park is time being wasted in searching for the
available parking spaces

3.2 planning and scheduling

3.2.1 Gantt Chart

A Gantt chart is a commonly used graphical depiction of a project
schedule. It's a type of bar chart showing the start and finish dates of a
project's elements such as resources, planning and dependencies.

 A Gantt chart is a visualization that helps in scheduling, managing, and

monitoring specific tasks and resources in a project.
 It consists of a list of tasks and bars depicting each task's progress.
24
 It's the most widely used chart in project management.
 Gantt charts are used in heavy industries for projects like building dams,
bridges, and highways, as well as software development and building out of
other goods and services.

25
3.2.2 Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) Diagram

PERT is a method of analyzing the tasks involved in completing a

given project, especially the time needed to complete each task, and to
identify the minimum time needed to complete the total project. It
incorporates uncertainty by making it possible to schedule a project
while not knowing precisely the details and durations of all the
activities.

Here, t=(a+(4m)+b)/6

s=(b-a)/6

26
3.3 Hardware and Software Requirements Specifications
The following hardware and Software are required for the development
of the System

 Hardware Requirement
1. 64 bit operating System
2. 10 Gb Free run time memory
3. Recommended 2 Gb RAM

 Software Requirements
 Operating System Windows 7,10
 Wampserver
 Language: php and html

27
 3.4 Conceptual Models
 A conceptual model is the representation of a system, made up of
composition of concepts which are used to help people know,
understand a model representation.
 It is a way to describe physical or social aspects of a working
organization.
 It may also be used to represent the relationship of entities within a
database.

Some conceptual diagrams of the project are given below along

with their description

3.4.1 Er Diagram
An ER model is usually the result of systematic analysis to define
and describe what is important to processes in an area of a business.
It does not define the business processes; it only presents a business
data schema in graphical form. It is usually drawn in a graphical
form as boxes (entities) that are connected by lines (relationships)
which express the associations and dependencies between entities.
An ER model can also be expressed in a verbal form, for example:
one building may be divided into zero or more apartments, but one
apartment can only be located in one building. Entities may be
characterized not only by relationships, but also by additional
properties (attributes), which include identifiers called "primary
keys". Diagrams created to represent attributes as well as entities
and relationships may be called entity-attribute-relationship
diagrams, rather than entity–relationship models.

Symbol Name Description

28
 An entity can be a person,
place, event, or object that is
relevant to a given system. For
Entity
example, a school system may
include students, teachers,
major courses, subjects, fees,
and other items. Entities are
represented in ER diagrams by
a rectangle and named using
singular nouns.
An attribute is a property, trait,
Attribute or characteristic of an entity,
relationship, or another
attribute. For example, the
attribute Inventory Item Name
is an attribute of the entity
Inventory Item.
A relationship describes how
entities interact. For example,
Relationship the entity “Carpenter” may be
related to the entity “table” by
the relationship “builds” or
“makes”. Relationships are

29
 3.4.2 Usecase diagram

A use case diagram at its simplest is a representation of a user’s

interaction with the system that shows the relationship between the
user and the different use cases in which the user is involved. A use
case diagram can identify the different types of users of a system
and the different use cases and will often be accompanied by other
types of diagrams as well. The use cases are represented by either
circles or ellipses
Icon Name Description

30
 A use case represents a user
Use Case goal that can be achieved by
accessing the system or
software application.
Actor and use case can be
associated to indicate that the
Association actor participates in that use
case.
Actors are the entities that
Actor interact with a system.

An include relationship
specifies how the behavior
Include for the inclusion use case is
<< I >>
inserted into the behavior
defined for the base use case.

31
 3.4.3 Sequence Diagram
A sequence diagram simply depicts interaction between objects in a
sequential order i.e. the order in which these interactions take place.
We also use the term event diagrams or event scenarios to refer to a
sequential diagram. Sequence diagrams describe how and in what
order the objects in a system function.

Symbol Name Description

Lifeline Symbol Represents the passage

it extends downward. T
vertical line shows the s
events that occur to an o
during the charted proc

Synchronous message Symbol Represented by a solid

solid arrowhead. This s
used when a sender mu
a response to a message
continues.

Asynchronous message Symbol Represented by a solid

lined arrowhead. Async
messages don't require
before the sender contin

32
 3.4.4 Flowchart
A flow chart is a type of a diagram that represents a word flow or
process. A flowchart can also be defined as a diagrammatic
representation of an algorithm, a step-by-step approach to solving a
task. The flowchart shows the steps of boxes of various kinds and
their order by connecting the boxes with arrows. This diagrammatic
representation illustrates a solution model to a given problem.
Flowcharts are used in analyzing, designing, documenting or
managing a process or problem in various fields. The user needs to
sign in, if he/she is not a registered user then he/she needs to create
an account after which the credentials are verified and the user is
directed to the main page. Here the user can view all the previously
scanned files or even scan new files. The image is captured and then
formed into a grayscale image. Later the characters are recognized
one after the other and displayed to the user, the user can then save
the file or exit.

33
Symbol Name Description

It represents the start and

Start / End end points

Indicates a question to be
answered usually yes/no or
Decision true/false. The flowchart
path may then split off into
different branches
depending on the answer

Process Represents a process,

action, or function

34
35
3.4.5 DataFlow Diagram
A data-flow diagram (DFD) is a way of representing a flow of a data of
a process or a system (usually an information system). The DFD also
provides information about the outputs and inputs of each entity and
the process itself. A data-flow diagram has no control flow, there are
no decision rules and no loops. For each data flow, at least one of the
endpoints (source and / or destination) must exist in a process. The
refined representation of a process can be done in another data-flow
diagram, which subdivides this process into sub-processes.

Symbol Name Description

They produce and

External Entity consume data that flows
between the entity and the
system

Indicates a question to be
answered usually yes/no or
true/false. The flowchart
Process
path may then split off into
different branches
depending on the answer

Movement of data between

external entities, processes
Data Flow and data stores indicates
the direction of flow

36
DFD level-zero

DFD Level-1

37
 DFD Level-2

3.4.6 Class Diagram

The class diagram is the main building block of object-oriented
modelling. It is used for general conceptual modelling of the
structure of the application, and for detailed modelling translating
the models into programming code. Class diagrams can also be used
for data modelling. The classes in a class diagram represent both the
main elements, interaction in the application, and the classes to be
programmed.

Symbol Name Description

38
 A public member is
Public visible from anywhere in
(+) the system. In class
diagram, it is prefixed
by the symbol ‘+’.
A private member is
Private visible only from within
(-) the class. It cannot be
accessed from outside
the class. A private
member is prefixed by
the symbol ‘−’.
A special type of
association. It represents
a "part of" relationship.
Aggregation
Class2 is part of Class1.

We use Inheritance
Inheritance arrows to show a child
class inherits
functionality from the
parent class.

39
 3.4.7 Activity Diagram
Activity diagrams are graphical representations of workflows of
stepwise activities and actions with support for choice, iteration and
concurrency. Activity diagrams are intended to model both
computational and organizational processes (i.e. workflow), as well
as the data flows intersecting with the related activities. Although
activity diagrams primarily show the overall flow of control, they
can also include elements showing the flow of data between
activities through one or more data stores.

40
 Represents the beginning of a
process or workflow in an
Start Symbol activity diagram. It can be used
by itself or with a note symbol
that explains the starting point.
Indicates the activities that make
up a modeled process. These
Activity Symbol symbols, which include short
descriptions within the shape, are
the main building blocks of an
activity diagram.
Shows the directional flow, or
Connector Symbol control flow, of the activity. An
incoming arrow starts a step of
an activity; once the step is
completed, the flow continues
with the outgoing arrow.

Represents a decision and always

has at least two paths branching
Decision Symbol out with condition text to allow
users to view options. This
symbol represents the branching
or merging of various flows with
the symbol acting as a frame or
container.

End Symbol
Marks the end state of an activity
and represents the completion of
all flows of a process.

41
42
 Chapter 4: System Designing
4.1 System Designing
• Registration Page

The user will fill all the details to register as a new member
The user will fill the first name, last name, Email ID, Phone Number,
Password and Car Number
Click on Create Account to create an account

43
• Login Tab

In the login page session, the user will fill the username and
password to login to the home page
By clicking to the login button, the user will be redirected to the
home page

44
• Parking Zones

The user can see whether the slot is reserved or available

45
 • BookingVehicles

The user will add the car/ bike name and the vehicle type
Click on proceed to fill the further details

46
The user will all the details to proceed further to select the date and time for the
vehicle
The user will select the Gate and the parking slot
Add the plate number
Enter card Details
Name on the card
Click on proceed to Date and Time

 Date And Time

47
The user will select the start time and the end time to park their Vehicle

 Print Recipt

48
The user can print the Receipt by clicking on print Receipt

 Unbook

49
The user can unbook the slot by clicking on the unbook button

 Contact Us

50
The user can send the message
Fill the name, Phone Number and type your message and send it
The user can send the message by clicking on the submit button

4.2 Pseudo Code

• Login And Registration
Begin
Main page of application
If(User is registered) then
{
Login page
}
Else
{
Registration page
}
End If
51
 If(Login successful) then
{
Display Main page
}
Else
{
Retry Login
}
Endif

• User
Begin
Login Page
If(user is Signed in) then
{
User can book slot, add Vehicle, edit Vehicle slot, Manage
Vehicle, Check History
{
Exit
}
else
{
Register
}
Endif

Chapter 5
52
 Implementation and Testing
 5.1 Implementation Approach
Car Parking System is a Website through which the user can book or unbook
the parking lot through which the user can park their car/bike in the parking lot
through which they have book. As the fuel price is keep increase nowadays,
users will try their best to save their vehicle energy. At the peak hour, they need
to wait for a long time at the entrance gate before they can find the empty
parking space. So, the users will waste their time and energy to find a free
space. Last but not least, the major issue of the parking system is the
insufficient parking spaces provided for the user. This may cause by the
improper planning by developers of the places Besides that, the convenient
system did not equip with helpful information.
Parking control system has been generated in such a way that it is
filled with many secure devices such as, parking control gates, toll
gates, time and attendance machine, car counting system etc. These
features are hereby very necessary nowadays to secure your car and
also to evaluate the fee structure for every vehicles entry and exit.

53
  Waterfall Model

The waterfall model is a linear, sequential approach to the software development

life cycle (SDLC) that is popular in software engineering and product
development. The waterfall model emphasizes a logical progression of steps.
Similar to the direction water flows over the edge of a cliff, distinct endpoints or
goals are set for each phase of development and cannot be revisited after
completion. The term was first introduced in a paper published in 1970 by Dr.
Winston W. Royce and continues to be used in applications of industrial design.

The waterfall methodology is composed of seven non-overlapping stages:

54
 1. Requirements: Potential requirements, deadlines and guidelines for the
project are analyzed and placed into a functional specification. This stage
handles the defining and planning of the project without mentioning
specific processes.
2. Analysis: The system specifications are analyzed to generate product
models and business logic that will guide production. This is also when
financial and technical resources are audited for feasibility.
3. Design: A design specification document is created to outline technical
design requirements such as programming language, hardware, data
sources, architecture and services.
4. Coding/Implementation: The source code is developed using the models,
logic and requirements designated in the prior stages. Typically, the
system is designed in smaller components, or units, before being
implemented together.
5. Testing: This is when quality assurance, unit, system and beta tests
take place to report issues that may need to be resolved. This may cause a
forced repeat of the coding stage for debugging. If the system passes the
tests, the waterfall continues forward.
6. Operation/Deployment: The product or application is deemed fully
functional and is deployed to a live environment.
7. Maintenance: Corrective, adaptive and perfective maintenance is carried
out indefinitely to improve, update and enhance the final product. This
could include releasing patch updates or releasing new versions.

1) Advantages of Waterfall Model

 Upfront documentation and planning stages allow for large or shifting teams
to remain informed and move towards a common goal.

55
 Forces structured , disciplined organization.
 Is simple to understand, follow and arrange tasks.
 Facilitates departmentalization and managerial control based on schedule or
deadlines.
 Reinforces good coding habits to define before design and then code.
 Allows for early design or specification changes to be made easily.
 Clearly defines milestones and deadlines.

2) Disadvantages of Waterfall Model

 Design is not adaptive; often when a flaw is found, the entire process needs
to start over.
 Ignores the potential to receive mid-process user or client feedback and
make changes based on results.
 Delays testing until the end of the development life cycle.
 Does not consider error correction.
 Does not handle requests for changes, scope adjustments or updates well.
 Reduces efficiency by not allowing processes to overlap.
 No working product is available until the later stages of the life cycle.
 Not ideal for complex, high risk, ongoing or object-oriented projects.

56
 5.2 Coding and Efficiency
 Home Page
Code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Car Park Management System</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
?>
</head>
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');

?>

<section id="content">
<div>
<vhead>Welcome To Car Park Management System</br></vhead>
</div>
<div style="text-align:center; font-weight:bold; margin-top:310px;font-
size:28px;">
<p>We offer car parking services.</br>Book Now or Unbook</p>

57
 </div>
</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

 Registration Page

Code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Create Account</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
?>
</head>

58
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');
?>

<section id="content">

<div class="left-signup">
</div>
<div class="left-signup">
<p class="head">New Account Registration</p>
<form id="registration" action="proc/reg.php" method="post">
<input type="text" name="fname" value="" placeholder="First
Name" required/>
<input type="text" name="lname" value="" placeholder="Last
Name" required/>
<input type="text" name="email" value="" placeholder="Email
Address" required/>
<input type="text" name="phone" value=""
placeholder="Phone Number" required/>
<input type="password" name="password"value=""
placeholder="Password" required/>
<input type="text" name="plate" value="" placeholder="Car
No." required/>
<input type="Submit" name="Submit" value="Create
Account"/>

59
 </form>
</div>
</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>
</body>
</html>

 Zones
Code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Parking Zones</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
include('inc/connect.php');
?>
</head>
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');
60
 ?>

<section id="content">
<img style="position:absolute; z-index:-1; margin:0;"/>
<p class="phead">Parking Lots Status</p>

<div class="strt">
<p>Gate-1</p>
<table class="gridtable">
<?php $street ="Gate-1"; ?>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 001'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 001</td>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 010'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);

61
 if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 002'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 002</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 011'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 003'
and status='RESERVED'";

62
 $result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 003</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 012'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 012</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 004'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 004</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 013'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);

63
 if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 005'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 005</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 014'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 006'
and status='RESERVED'";

64
 $result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 006</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 015'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 015</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 007'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 007</td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 016'
and status='RESERVED'";

65
 $result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>><td>PL 016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 008'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 008</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 017'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php

66
 $sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 009'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 009</td><td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 018'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 018</td>
</tr>
</table>

</div>

<div class="strt">
<p>Gate-2</p>
<table class="gridtable">
<?php $street ="Gate-2"; ?>
<tr>

67
 <td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 001'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 001</td>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 010'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 010</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 002'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}

68
 ?>>PL 002</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 011'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 011</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 003'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 003</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 012'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 012</td>
</tr>

69
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 004'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 004</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 013'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 013</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 005'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}

70
 ?>>PL 005</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 014'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 014</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 006'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 006</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 015'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 015</td>
</tr>

71
<tr>
<td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 007'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 007</td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 016'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>><td>PL 016</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 008'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){

72
 echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 008</td><td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 017'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 017</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td <?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 009'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}
?>>PL 009</td><td
<?php
$sql="SELECT * FROM zones WHERE street='$street' and plot='PL 018'
and status='RESERVED'";
$result=mysqli_query($connect, $sql);
$count=mysqli_num_rows($result);
if($count==1){
echo "style=\"background: red;\"";}

73
 ?>>PL 018</td>
</tr>
</table>

</div>
<p class="status">Red -> Reserved/Occupied , Yellow -> Available</p>

</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

 Booking Parking Slot

Code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Car Park Management System</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');

74
 ?>

</head>
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');

?>

<section id="content">

<form class="box login" action="process-book-1.php" method="post">

<fieldset class="boxBody">
<label><strong>Describe your Vehicle</strong></label>
<hr />
<label>Model</label>
<input type="text" tabindex="1" name="model" placeholder="eg. BMW"
required>
<label>Vehicle Type</label>
<select name="vehicle" class="cjComboBox" >
<option value="volvo">Car</option>
<option value="saab">Bike</option>
</select>
</fieldset>

75
 <footer>
<input type="submit" class="btnLogin" value="Proceed" tabindex="4">
<?php
//Values
?>
</footer>
</form>

</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

 parking Slot
Code:
76
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Car Park Management System</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-
1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
?>
<link href="Source/datepicker_bootstrap/datepicker_bootstrap.css"
rel="stylesheet">
<script>

window.addEvent('domready', function(){
new Picker.Date($$('----'), {
timePicker: true,
positionOffset: {x: 5, y: 0},
pickerClass: 'datepicker_bootstrap',
useFadeInOut: !Browser.ie
});
});

</script>
</head>
<body>
<section id="container">

77
 <?php
include('inc/header.php');

?>

<section id="content">
<img src="src/bg.png" style="position:absolute; z-index:-1;
margin:0;"/>
<form class="box login" action="process-book-2.php"
method="post">
<fieldset class="boxBody">
<label><strong>Parking Details</strong></label>
<hr />
<label>Recommended Region For You - as per your vehicles body
size</label>
<select name="street" class="cjComboBox" >
<option value="Gate-1">Gate-1 - Cars Only</option>
<option value="Gate-2">Gate-2 - Cars and
Bikes</option>

</select>

<select name="plot" class="cjComboBox" >

<option value="PL 001">PL 001</option>
<option value="PL 002">PL 002</option>
<option value="PL 003">PL 003</option>
<option value="PL 004">PL 004</option>

78
 <option value="PL 005">PL 005</option>
<option value="PL 006">PL 006</option>
<option value="PL 007">PL 007</option>
<option value="PL 008">PL 008</option>
<option value="PL 009">PL 009</option>
<option value="PL 010">PL 010</option>
<option value="PL 011">PL 011</option>
<option value="PL 012">PL 012</option>
</select>

<label>Plate Number</label>
<input type="text" tabindex="3" name="plateno" placeholder="Eg.
MH02-A123" required>

<label><strong>Payment Information</strong></label>
<hr />
<label>Enter Card Number:</label>
<input type="text" name="account" placeholder="Card Number"
required title="Credit card number" maxlength="14"/>

<label>Note: Parking Fees: Cash 50/-</label>

</fieldset>
<footer>
<input type="submit" class="btnLogin" value="Proceed to Date &
Time" tabindex="4">
</footer>
</form>
79
 </section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

 Unbook Page
Code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Unbook</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-
1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
?>
</head>
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');

80
 ?>

<section id="content">
<p class="phead">Unbook Parking Lot</p>
<a href="proc/unbook.php" class="unbook">Unbook Now</a>

</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');
?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

 Contact us
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>Contact Us</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-
1" />
<?php
include('inc/head.php');
?>

81
</head>
<body>
<section id="container">
<?php
include('inc/header.php');

?>

<section id="content">
<div>
<p class="phead"> Contact Us </p>
<form id="contact_form" action="proc/contact.php"
method="POST">
<label for="name">Name : <span> <input type="text"
name="name" value="" required /> </span></label>
<label for="email">Your Phone : <span><input
type="text" name="phone" value="" required /></span> </label>
<label for="text">Your message :<span> <textarea
name="msg" value="" required></textarea> </span></label>
<label for="submit"><span><input type="submit"
name="submit" value="Submit" required /> </span></label>
</form>
</div>

</section>
<?php
include('inc/footer.php');

82
 ?>
</section>

</body>
</html>

5.3Testing Approach
5.3.1 Test Cases

Sr. Checked Steps To Excepted Priori

Objectives
No Items Execute Results ty
Redirected to
Click on the
1 Home Go to Home Page the home P1
Home tab
page

83
 Go to the parking zone
Redirected to
page where the user Click on the
2 Zones the Zone P2
can see the booked Zones tab
page
slots
After Click the
The user can book the
Book proceed button
vehicle and select the Print result
3 Parking the user can P3
time to book the button
Lot print the
parking slot
receipt
Print receipt where the Got the
Print Click on print
4 user will get the receipt on P4
Receipt receipt button
receipt new page
Click on the
Unbook Unbook
5 Button unbook button unbook P5
Parking Done
now
Click on
The user can contact Successfully
contact tab fill
6 Contact us by giving the message send the P6
the message
to the admin message
click on submit

5.3.2 Types of testing

 Unit Testing
UNIT TESTING is a type of software testing where individual units or
components of a software are tested. The purpose is to validate that each unit of the
software code performs as expected. Unit Testing is done during the development
(coding phase) of an application by the developers. Unit Tests isolate a section of
code and verify its correctness. A unit may be an individual function, method,
procedure, module, or object.

 I have performed unit testing at the end of every iteration

 Filling all the field is mandatory

 Module testing
A software application contains an integration of various modules.
Modules are programs written in a specific language consisting of

84
 subprograms, subroutines, functions, classes, and procedures. Module
testing is a process where you need to test each unit of these modules
to ensure they adhered to the best coding standards. Unless a module
passes the testing phase, it cannot go for the application testing
process.
Module testing, aka component testing, helps to early detection of
errors in application testing. This can be a massive relief for testers
during the later stage of testing. Module testing is a gateway to
parallel testing that allows testers to test multiple modules
simultaneously.

 performed unit testing at the end of every iteration

 After testing the units independently, modules are tested through input
value which does some processing and generates output

 Integration testing
INTEGRATION TESTING is defined as a type of testing where
software modules are integrated logically and tested as a group. A
typical software project consists of multiple software modules, coded
by different programmers. The purpose of this level of testing is to
expose defects in the interaction between these software modules
when they are integrated
 Before every deployment integration testing is done
 Modules were integrated to make complete system

 System Testing
System Testing is a level of testing that validates the complete and fully
integrated software product. The purpose of a system test is to evaluate
the end-to-end system specifications. Usually, the software is only one
element of a larger computer-based system. Ultimately, the software is
interfaced with other software/hardware systems. System Testing is
actually a series of different tests whose sole purpose is to exercise the
full computer-based system.
 System testing is done to check any module has bugs

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  Tested everything as a system and tried using system from
different users’ perspective
 Took peer review and asked people to test system

5.4modification and Improvement

The user can only book one slot at a time only one mode of payment to been
accepted limited number of parking zones have been increased only cars and
have been booked at the slot
The user can book slot many time as they need many modes of payment have
to been added to the system increased according to the use of people cars and
two has vehicles to be added to book the parking slot

Chapter 6
Results and Discussion
6.1 Test Reports

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Module Test Cases Summary Test Data Excepted Status
Name Results

Login Tab Ensure that No Click on Enter Login Pass

Field Is Empty login button Correct In
username
and
Password
Registration Ensure No Field Click on Enter all the Account Pass
Tab is empty Create details created
account

Book Describe your Enter the All fields Click on Pass

parking lot Vehicle Vehicle are proceed to
name and mandatory enter next
type details
Parking All fields are Select gate , Click on Moved to the Pass
Details mandatory to parking slot, proceed t o next tab to
fill enter plate select date select data
number, and time and time
enter
payment
information
Select date Select date and All fields are Click on Booked and Pass
and time time mandatory book to print receipt
book the
slot
Print Click on print Clicking the Click on Opened a Pass
Receipt receipt button to button is print receipt new tab to
print the receipt mandatory print receipt

Unbook tab Click on the Click on Click on Unbook done Pass

unbook button unbook unbook
to unbook the button to button
booked slot unbook the
selected
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 parking lot
and enter the
parking zone
Contact us Enter the name All fields are Click on Successfully pass
phone number mandatory to submit send message
and your fill button
message

6.2 Screenshots
 home page with login

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 Registration page

 Parking Zones

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 Book parking slot

 Parking Details and Payment information

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 Date and Time

 Print Receipt

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 Unbook

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 Contact us

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 Chapter 7
CONCLUSION

7.1 Conclusion
The system is made more efficient as vehicle travel time and search time are
significantly reduced due to the information provided by the smart parking system.
With the information provided, drivers are able to avoid car park that are fully
occupied and locate vacant parking spaces with ease elsewhere.
In this study, the various types of smart parking system and has been presented.
From the various examples of the implementation of the smart parking system
being presented, its efficiency in alleviating the traffic problem that arises
especially in the city area where traffic congestion and the insufficient parking
spaces are undeniable. It does so by directing patrons and optimizing the use of
parking spaces.

7.2 Limitations
Nowadays India is confronting the biggest problems in the context of space for
parking the vehicle, especially in urban areas. Now, numbers of vehicles are
increasing over the number of total heads of the family. It can be easily
experienced that parking system in India is awfully failing to meet the current
requirements. Problem is increasing at such an extent that almost 40% of the roads
are being used for parking in normal working days.
Now, the situation is likely to worsen as there are much more vehicles available in
comparison to available space. Cities are filled with people who park their cars
anywhere utilizing the available space which could have been used in a better way.
Due to lack of navigable space, Indian cities are being considered as one of the
worst living options by people. You can also add pollution to the existing issue and
imagine how blunder the problem is. Chandigarh being an exception, no other
Indian city was planned to accommodate the huge number of cars which the
country is facing now. The low significance given to parking by the urban planners
has only worsened the situation

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7.3 Future scope of the project

 adding the greater number of vehicles to book the parking

 adding heavy vehicle.
 making the system better.
 security to the Vehicles that are park.

 More Modes of payment Gateways

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