TYPE 3.

PROBLEMS UNDER 1-DISTRIBUTION

PART-B
Q.No.B1. Sandal Powder is packed into packets by a machine. A
random sample of 12 packets is drawn and their weights
are found to be (in
kg) 0.49, 0.48, 0.47, 0.48, 0.49, 0.50,
0.51, 0.49, 0.48, 0.50, 0.51, and 0.48. Test if the average
weight of the packing can be taken as 0.5 kg.
[A.U. N/D 2003]

Solution: Given :n = 12, u = 0.5, x = 0.49

12

s--
s2 8 -(0.49)2 = 0.24025 - 0.2401 = 0.00015
12
S = 0.012

0.49 0.2401
0.48 0.2304
0.47 0.2209
0.48 0.2304
0.49 0.2401

0.50 0.2500
0.51 0.2601
0.49 0.2401
0.48 0.2304
0.50 0.2500

0.51 0.2601

0.48 0.2304
x = 5.88 2 r = 2.883
 3.
1.28

1. The parameter of interest is

2. Ho:u = 0.5

3. H 4 #0.5
12 1 = 11
4. a =
0.05, d.f. =
n -1 =

The test statistic is t = A

3
Vn-T
t = 2.20 at
? table we get
6. Reject Ho if |t|>2.20 [From
5% level and d.f. = 11]

7. Computations:

t 0.49-0.5
0.012 -2.76339
V11
tl = 2.76

8. Conclusion
2.20 so we reject Ho at 5% level of
Since t = 2.76 >

significance.
average packing
cannot be taken to be 0.5 kg.
breaking strength of steel rods specified to
is
Q.No.B2 The average
this a sample of 14 rods
be 18.5 thousand pounds. To test
was tested. The mean were 17.85 and
and s.d obtained
1.955 respectively. Is the result of the experiment significant
with 95% confidence ?

Solution : Given:n = 14 ; 4 =18.5 ;x =

17.85; S =
1.955
1. The parameter of interest is u

2. Ho =
4 =18.5
3. H = 4 * 18.5

4. a = 0.05, d.f () = n -1 14 1 13
 1.29

5. The test statistic is

S
Vn-I

6. Reject Ho if t|> 2.16

C table t at d.f =
13 and a = 5% is cqual to 2.16]
7 Computation
t = 17.85 18.5 -0.65) (3.61) =
(1.955 1.955
1,20
V13
I t =1.2
1.e., cal t = 1.2

8. Conclusion
Since t =
1.2< 2.16, so we accept H at 5% level of significance.

9. 95% confidence limits are S

xto.05 Vn
, X*2.16 1955 Since S given]
V14
Q.No.B3. The average breaking strength of steel rods is specified to
be 17.5 (in units of 1000 kg) to test
this, sample of 14
rods tested and gave the following results
15, 18, 16, 21,
19, 21, 17, 17, 15, 17, 20, 19, 17, 18. Is the result of the
experiment is significant ? Also obtain the 95% confidence
interval for the average breaking strength ?

Solution: Given:u = 17.5, n = 14, x. ==

x250= 17.857
= =17857
14
2
-= n 14
-(17.857)
=
322.428 318.877 3.551
S = 1.884
 1. The parameter-of interest is

2. Ho u =
17.5 [No significant differencel
3. Ho u* 17.5
4 a = 0.05, d.f = n - 1 14 - 1 = 13

5. The test'statisticis t =
S
Vn T

6. Reject H, if |t| > 2.16 [From table " we get = 2.16]

7. Computations: = 17.857 11.5 0.6833

(1.884
V13
8. Conclusion :
Since t = 0.6833< 2.16, so we accept Ho at 5% level of

significance.
Therefore the difference is not significant.

9. 95% confidence limits are x -

2.16 <u<x+ 2.16 Vn-1

17.5 2.16 (0.522) < u < 17.5 + 2.16 (0.522)

16.3711 < 18.6289

Q.No.B4. The average number of articles produced by two machines
per day are 200 and 250 with s.d. 20 and 25 respectively
on the basis of records of 25
days production. Can you
regard both the machines equally efficient at 1% level ol
significance.
Solution
Given:X 200, 2 250, S1 =
20, s2 25, n1
=
=
25, n2 2
s n s+na (25) (400)+(25) (625)
n1tn2-2 25+25-2
 esting of Hypothesis 131
1000015625 48
= s3S4
S = 23.11

1 The parameter of interest is and #, the dilterence of mean.

2 H = #z No significant difference

3. H:1 #2

a = 0.01, df = n +72-2 25 25 2 = 48

5 The test statistic is

Vs
6. Reject H, if t > 258 [From table " we get t = 2.58]

7. Computations : 200 250

V (533.854)
-50
-50 -7.657
V42.70832 6.53
t=7.657
8. Conclusion:
Since r = 7.657> 2.58, so we reject Ho at 1% level of

significance.
Hence we can not regard both the machines as equally efficient.

Q.No.B5. A group of 10 rats fed on diet A and another group of 8

rats fed on diet B, recorded the following increase in
weight
gms).
Diet A: 5, 6, 8, 1, 12, 4, 3, 9, 6, 10
Diet B: 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 1, 2, 8
Does it show superiority of diet A over diet B.

Solution : Given: n1 = 10, n2 = 8

1.32 G Balajs 1O&

25 2 10
646.4
10
6 36 3
8 64 6 36
405
8
8
1 8 64
12 144 10 100 -6 -64-102
4 16 1
3 9 2 4
= 251025
9 81 64
6 36
10 100
64 512 40 282

s2 =

71tna-2
10 (10.24) +8(10.25)= 11.525
10+8-2

2.593125
(11525)
=

s
is A1 and #2, the
difference mean.
1. The parameter of interest

significant difference]
2. H:41 =2 [No
41>#2 [Keyword
is superiority of diet A over diet B]
3. H:
10 + 8 2 16
n1 tn2-2
= -

4. a =
0.05, df =

1-2
5. The test statistic is t=
Vs
1 na

6. Reject H, if t|> 1.75 [From table T we get t= 1.75]

64.5 14
7. Computations : 593125 161030.869
16103
 Testing of Hypothesls 1.33

8. Conclusion :

Since t | 0.869<1.75, so we accept , at 5% level of

Signilicane. Hence the difference is not signilicant, s0 we cannol conclud
that diet A is superior to dict B.
Q.No.B6 In a certain experiment to compare two types of pig foods
A and B, the following results of increase in weights were

observed in pigs:
Pig number
1 2 34 5 67 8 Tota
Increase in Food A 49 53 51 52 47 50 52 53 407
weight in lb Food B 5255 52 53 50 54 54 53 423

() Assuming that the two samples of pigs are independent, can we

conclude that food B is better than food A ?
(ii) Also examine the case when the same set of eight pigs were used
in both the 'foods.
Solution : Given n = 8, n2 = 8

Food A Food B
X d = X50 Y D=Y-52 D
49 -1 1 52 0 0
53 3 9 55 3 9
51 1 1 52 0
52 2 4 53 1
47 -3 9 50 2 4
50 0 0 54 2

52 2 4 54 2 4

53 3 9 53 1 1

7 37 23
 s2.875
x =
50+ =
50.875 s 2 +

- y ) = zD?-CD2
and 2 - ? = z ? - 2
n1

37 49
8
23
= 16.875
30.875

S 1
, i t2-2Ea-7+2(-y1

1
3.41
(30.875+ 16.875) =

1. The parameter of interest is

and H2
2. H : H1 =42 (there is no significant difference)

3. H:A1<42 (food B is better than food A)

4. a = 0.05, d.f =n +n2 -2 = 8 + 8 2 14.

5. The test statistic is

t x-y

6. Reject H if t|> 1.76 [From table r we get t = 1.76]

7. Computations:
50.875- 52.875
t = -2.17

V04
= 2.17
8. Conclusion:

Since Itl =
2.17> 1.76, so we reject H, at 5% level of significance
 Hencc we conclude that thc foods A and B differ significantly as
regards thcir effcct on increasc in weight, so food B is superior to
food
A
(ii) Paired t test
If the same set of pigs is used in both the cases, then the readings
X and Y are not independent but they are paired together and we
apply the paired t-test for testing Ho.

49 53 51 52 47 50 5253 Total
Y 52 55 52 53 50 54 54 53
d X-Y-3 -2-1 -1 3 4 2 0-16
9 4 1 9 16 4 0 44

and S= = 1.714
8
1. The parameter of interest is and #2

2. Ho : P1P2
3 H p1 A2
4. a = 0.05, d.f = n-1 = 8 1 = 7

5 The test statistic ist = d 4

V

6 Reject Ho if t > 1.90 [From table " we get t =

1.90]
1 -2
Computations t 4.32
V .714
8
t = +4.32
8. Conelusion
ofsignifica
reject H,
at 5% levcl icance,
ce | 432 1.90,> so we

.
supcrior to t0od
we conclude that food B is
with axle iameters of
diam
Q.No. 87 A machinist is making engine parts
shows aa mean
of 10 parts mean
0.7 inch. A random sample of
a standard
deviation 0.04
diameter of 0.742 inch with
would use to test whether
inch. Compute the statistic you
[A.U MJ 2006
the work is meeting the specification.
Sol. Given: n = 10 < 30 (So we can applyt Ls
x = 0.742 inches

= 0.04 inch

= 0.7
1. The parameter of interest is
2. Ho: Product is conforming to specification
3. H: 4 *0.70
4. a= 0.05, number of degrees of freedom d.f = n-1

= 10- 1 = 9

5. The test statistic ist=

7

6. Reject H, if |t| > 2.,262 [by using the table]

[Here the table value of t = 2.262]

7. Computation
0.742 0.7 0.042 =3.1578 = 3.16
(Calculated valued) t
0.04 0.0133
V10-1
8.. Conclusion
Since t = 3.16 > 2.26

So we reject H, at 5% level of significance

i.e., the product is not conforming the specification.

Q.No.B8 To verify whether a course in accounting improved
performance, a similar test was given to 12 participant
both before and after the course. The marks are:

Before: 44 40 61 52 32 44 70 41 67 72 53 72
Altcr 53 38 6 57 46 39 73 48 73 74 0 78

Was the course useful ? [A.U N/D 2006]

Solutionn

d d2

X
X-X Y-Y
Y di
= (X-54) = (Y-59)

44 53 -10 -6 100 36

40 38 -14 -21 196 441

61 69 7 10 49 100
52 57 2 -2 4 4

32 46 -22 -13 484 169

44 39 -10 20 100 400
70 73 16 14 256 196
41 48 -13 -11 169 121
67 73 13 14 169 196
72 74 18 15 324 225
53 60 -1 1 1 1

72 78 18 19 324 361
648 708 2176 2250

- 648 = 54
12 12
 T- 708 59
12 12
Given 1 12, n2 = 12

1 E X - X + 2 (Y-Y
ntn-2
1
12+12-2 2176
+ 2250]

1426
= 201.1818

S = 14.18

t -
SV
n1 n2
54 59
14.18 V1/12 +1/12
-5
14.18 V176

-5
5.78896
Cost= -0.8637

t = 0.8637

Here a =
0.05, df. n1tn- 2
=

22
table = 2.07

calc < table ?

Result Course has been
useful.
Q.No.B9. A certain injection administered to each of 12 patients
resulted in the following increases of blood pressure :

5, 2, 8, -1, 3, 0, 6, -2, 1, 5, 0, 4

can it be concluded that the injection will be, in general

accompanied by an increase in B.P ? [A.U. N/D 20071

Solution : Given = 12, F = 2 - S= 2.58

- 2 *-o*
185
2-(2.58)

= 15.4167 6.656

= 8.7607

S 2.9598

1. The parameter of interest is

2. Ho : == 0

3. H :u 0

12 1 11
0.05, d.f.
- =
=
4. a =

The test statistic is

5.
t =
S
Vn-T

if t| > 2.20
6. Reject Ho

2.58 0 (2.58)(V11) =
8.557
7. Computations:t =

2.96 2.96
(2.96
V11
= 2.89
 8. Conclusion:

2.20 so we reject Ho
.ince | = 2.89 >

by an increase in Bp
e)The injection is accompanied
chosen from two schools
Q.No.B10. Two independent samples are
subject. he scoreso
and B a common test is given in a

the students as follows

94 68 33
School A:76 68 70 43

School B : 40 48 92 85 70 76 68 22
[A.U. A/M 20081
Solution: Ho: There is no significant difference of performance
of students between school A and school B.
The performance of students of school A is better
H
than that of school B.
x =.646, y = 62.6, S = g = 20.5, S2 = o = 23.9

V-)Sj+1tn2-2
S = 2=) =2238
-y
t =
0.173, v =
13, ta =
1.77
sV1+1
tla Accept the null hypothesis.

O.No.B11. The following random

samples are measurements of the
heat producing capacity (in millions of calories per ton)
of specimen's of coals from two mines.

Mine 1: 8,260 8,130 8,350 8,070 8,340

Mine 2: 7,950 7,890 7,900 8,140 7,920 7,840
Testing of Hypothesis 1.41

Use the 0.01 level of significance to test whether the difference

between the means of these two samples is significant.
Solution [A.U. N/D 2008]

x2
8260 7950 68,227,600 63,202,500
8130 7890 66,096,900 62,252,100
8350 7900 69,722,500 62,410,000
8070 8140 65,124,900 66,259,600
8340 7920 69,555,600 62,726,4000
7840 61,465,600
41,150 47650 338,727,500 378,316,200

=
41150 = 8230
5 5

X2 47640 7940
6

s- a?=338,727,500 - (8230)3
111
= 67745500 67732900

= 12,600

s= , 378316200 - (7940)
n2 6

= 63052700 63043600

=
9,100

71 +n2-2
 5) (12600)+(6) (9100)
5+6-2

117600
9

s = 13066.67
1. Ho: H= 2
2. H1#2

3. a 0.01, d.f = n1tn2- 2 5 +6 2 9

Table value = 2.821

4. t X12
n2
8230 7940

T13066.67| 6
290
V4791.112
= 4.19

Cal t>table t
. Reject Ho

Q.No.B12 The following are the

average weekly losses of working
hours due to accidents in 10 industrial
plants before and
after an introduction of a safety program was put into
operation.

Before 45 73 46 124 33 57 83 34 26 17

After 36 60 44 119 35 51 77 29 24 11
 Use to 0.05 level of
significance to test whether the salety
program is effective.
[A.U. N/D 2008]
Solutionn

2
45 36 2025 1296
73 60 5329 3600
46 44 2116 1936
124 119 15376 14161
33 35 1089 1225
57 51 3249 2601
83 77 6889 5929
34 29 1156 841
26 24 676 576
17 11 289 121
538 486 38194 32286

= $38 53.8
10

2 486 = 48.6
10

i- - = 38194(53.8)
n1 10

3819.4 2894.44
= 924.96

(80 n2 32286-(48.6)*
10

=
3228.6 -

2361.96
= 866.64
 nitn (10) (924.96) + (10)(866.64)
10+ 10-2
tn-2
9249.6 + 8666.4 = 995.33
18
. Ho 2

2.
H H1* #2
3 a = 0.05, df. =n +n2 -2 = 10 + 10 -2 18
Table value 1.734
4. Calculate

X-X2

.53.8-48.6 52
V199.066
V (995.33) |
514.11 =0.3685
0.3685

Cal<table t
So we accept Ho
Q.No.B13 Two horses A and B were testedaccording to the time (in
seconds) to run a particular race with the following results:
Horse A 28 30 32 33 33 29 34
Horse B: 29 30 30 24 27 29
Test whether horse A is running faster than B at 5%
level.
Anna, May 2001, N/D 2009
Solution
Given: n1 7, n2 6
Testing of Hypothesis 1.45

2
28 784 29 841
30 900 30 900
32 1024 30 900
33 1089 24 576
33 1089 27 729
29 841 29 841
34 1156
219 6883 169 4787

X1
= 219 31.29; 2= 169 28.17
X1 .2 6

6883 - (31.29) = 983.27- 979.06 = 4.23

7

- - - (28.172 6 6
=
797.83 793.55, = 4.28

n1sf tn2s74.23)+6(4.28)
=
29.61 +25.68
11
n1 tn2-2 7+6-2

=
55.295.03
11
1. The parameter of interest is and 2

2. . Ho:1 [there is no significant difference]

=
#2
than B]
3 H:1 >2 [Keyword A faster
7 + 6 2 = 11
4. 0.05, d.f n1 +n2-2
-

=
a =

1-2
5. The test statistic is t

Vs 71 n2

.Reject H, if |t| >1.796 [from

table "r we get t = 1.796
 G. BaiajiS 10
1.46
31.29-28.17
2.498
7.
Computations
/sn
8. Conclusion
at 5% Jevel
Since 2 . 4 9 8 > 1 . 7 9 6 , so we rcjcct Ho
signilicance. the two
between wo sample
difference sampls.
Hence there is a significant

QNo.B14. The following are the number

of sales which a
sample
industrial chemicals
in Gujarat and
9salespeople of
sample of 6 sales people of industrial chemicals in
fixed period of time
Maharashtra made over a certain :

69
Gujarat 59 68 44 71 63 46 S454 48

Maharashtra:| 50 36 62 52 7041
can be approximated
Assuming that the population sampled
same variance
closely with normal distributions having the
test the null hypothesis ui - p2 = 0 against the alternative
hypothesis 41-42 * 0 at the 0.01 level of signifance
[A.U N
Solution : Given n = 9, n2 =6

X1

59 3481 50 2500
68 4624 36 1296
44 1936 62 3844
71 5041 52 2704
63 3969 70 4900
46 2116 41 1681
69 4761
54 2916
48 2304
Sum 522 31148 311 16925
jesiniy
1.47

9 $2258
x2311
6 6
-51.83
21
n - S-(58
9
=
96.89

s3 2 -( =23-(51.83)2 134.45
n2

9 (96.89) +6 (134.48)
| 1 tn2-2 9+6-2

872.01 + 806.88
= 129.15
13

71
= (129.15) - (129.15 = 35.88

1. The parameter of interest is 41 and 2, the difference mean.

2. Ho: P1 #2
3 H 1# 2
4. a =0.01, d.f =
n1 +n2-2 9+6-2 =
13

5 8 51.83
5 The test statisticis t=
V35.88
V
6.1 1.03
5.99

6. Reject Ho if |t|>3.012.
Here | t = 1.03< 3.012, so we accept ug at 1% level of signilicance.