MOST IMPORTANT JEE PYQs

Motion of system of particle and COM

Single Correct Type Questions 3. The coordinates of centre of mass of a uniform flag shaped
lamina (thin flat plate) of mass 4kg. (The coordinates of
a the same are shown in figure) are:
1. A circular hole of radius   is cut of a circular disc of
2 [8 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
(0, 3) (2, 3)
radius ‘a’ as shown in figure. The centroid of the remaining
circular portion with respect to point ‘O’ will be: (2, 2)
(1, 2)
[24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-II)]
Y axis

(0, 0) (1, 0)
(a) 1.25 m, 1.50 m) (b) (0.75 m, 0.75 m)
a/2
O a (c) (0.75 m, 1.75 m) (d) (1 m, 1.75 m)
X axis
4. Three point particles of masses 10 kg, 1.5 kg and 2.5 kg
are placed at three corners of a right angle triangle of sides
4.0 cm, 3.0 cm and 5.0 cm as shown in the figure. The
center of mass of the system is at a point:
[7 Jan, 2020 (Shift-I)]
5 1
(a) a (b) a 2.5 kg
6 6
10 2 4 cm 5 cm
(c) a (d) a
11 3
1.0 kg 1.5 kg
3 cm
2. The disc of mass M with uniform surface mass density s
is shown in the figure. The centre of mass of the quarter (a) 0.6 cm right and 2.0 cm above 1kg mass
xa xa (b) 2.0 cm right and 0.9 cm above 1 kg mass
disc (the shaded area) is at the position , where (c) 0.9 cm right and 2.0 cm above 1kg mass
3π 3π
(d) 1.5 cm right and 1.2 cm above 1kg mass
x is __(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
[17 March, 2021 (Shift-II)] 5. A rod of length L has non-uniform linear mass density
2
[a is an area as shown in the figure] x
Y given by ρ(x) = a + b   where a and b are constants
L
a and 0 ≤ x ≤ L. The value of x for the centre of mass of the
rod is at: [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]

X 4 a+b  3  2a + b 
(a)  L (b)  L
3  2a + 3b  4  3a + b 
3  2a + b  3 a+b 
(c)  L (d)  L
2  3a + b  2  2a + b 
 6. Three particles of masses 50 g, 100g and 150g are placed 3a 3b  5a 5b 
at the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 1 m (as (c)  ,  (d)  , 
shown in the figure). The (x, y) coordinates of the centre  4 4  12 12 
of mass will be : [12 April, 2019 (Shift-II)] 9. The initial mass of a rocket is 1000 kg. Calculate at what
Y rate the fuel should be burnt so that the rocket is given an
acceleration of 20 ms–2. The gases come out at a relative
m3 = 150 g speed of 500 ms–1 with respect to the rocket :
[Use g = 10 m/s2] [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)]
(a) 500 kgs–1
50 g = m1 60° m2 = 100 g (b) 10 kgs–1
0 0.5m 1.0m (c) 6.0 × 102 kg s–1
 3 7  7 3  (d) 60 kg s–1
(a)  m, m  (b)  m, m
 7 12   12 8  10. Two particles, of masses M and 2M, moving as shown,
with speeds of 10 m/s and 5 m/s collide elastically at the
 3 5  7 3 
(c)  m, m  (d)  m, m origin. After the collision, they move along the indicated
 4 12   12 4  directions with speeds v1 and v2 respectively. The value
 of v1 and v2 are nearly: [10 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]
7. The position vector of the centre of mass r cm of an
asymmetric uniform bar of negligible area of cross-section M
2M
as shown in figure is: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)] 10m/s v1

30º 30º
45º 45º
L
5 m/s
v2
L 2L 3L M
2M
(a) r = 13 5
(cm) L xˆ + L yˆ (a) 3.2 m/s and 6.3 m/s (b) 3.2 m/s and 12.6 m/s
8 8
 5 13 (c) 6.5 m/s and 6.3 m/s (d) 6.5 m/s and 3.2 m/s
(b) r (cm)
= L xˆ + L yˆ
8 8 11. Four particles A, B, C and D with masses mA = m, mB = 2m,
 3 11 mC = 3m and mD = 4m are at the corners of a square. They
(c) r (cm)
= L xˆ + L yˆ
8 8 have accelerations of equal magnitude with directions
11 3 as shown. The acceleration of the centre of mass of the
(d) r =
(cm) L xˆ + L yˆ
8 8 particles is: [8 April, 2019 (Shift-I)]

a
8. A uniform rectangular thin sheet ABCD of mass M has Y
length a and breadth b, as shown in the figure. If the shaded 
B a
portion HBGO is cut off, the coordinates of the centre of C
mass of the remaining portion will be: X
 [8 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
(0, b) (a, b)  D
H a A
A B

(a/2, b/2)
a
E G
a ˆ ˆ
O
(a)
5
(i−j ) (b) Zero
D C
(0, 0) F (a, 0) a ˆ ˆ
(c)
5
(i× j ) (
(d) a iˆ + ˆj )
 2a 2b   5a 5b 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 3 3   3 3 
2 JEE PYQs Physics
 12. A particle of mass m moving with velocity v collides with 16. A block moving horizontally on a smooth surface with a
a stationary particle of mass 2m. After collision, they stick speed of 40 m/s splits into two parts with masses in the
together and continue to move together with velocity ratio of 1:2. If the smaller part moves at 60 m/s in the same
 [10 April, 2023 Shift-1)] direction, then the fractional change in kinetic energy is:
v  [31 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
(a) v (b)
2 (a) 2/3
v v (b) 1/3
(c) (d)
3 4 (c) 1/4
13. Velocity (υ) and acceleration (a) in two systems of units
n a (d) 1/8
1 and 2 are related as υ2= υ and a2 = 1
m 2 1
mn 17. A particle of mass m is moving with speed 2 v collides
respectively. Here m and n are constants. The relations for with a mass 2m moving with speed v in the same direction.
distance and time in two system respectively are: After collision, the first mass is stopped completely while
 [28 June, 2022 (Shift-II)] the second one splits into two particles each of mass m,
which move at angle 45° with respect to the original
n3 n2 direction. The speed of each of the moving particle will
(a)
= L L= and T1 T2
m3
1 2
m be:
4
(b) L1 n= n2  [9 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
= L 2 and T 1 T2
m2 m (a) v / (2 2)
2
(c) L n= n4
= 1 L 2 and T1 T2 (b) 2 2v
m m2
2 4 (c) 2v
(d) n L = L and n T =T
(d) v / 2
1 2 1 2
m m2
14. Two blocks of masses 10 kg and 30 kg are placed on the same 18. A bullet of ‘4 g’ mass is fired from a gun of mass 4 kg.
straight line with coordinates (0, 0) and (x, 0) respectively. If the bullet moves with the muzzle speed of 50 ms–1, the
The block of 10 kg is moved on the same line through a impulse imparted to the gun velocity of recoil of gun are:
distance of 6 cm towards the other block. The distance  [22 July, 2021 (Shift-II)]
through which the block of 30 kg must be moved to keep (a) 0.4kg ms–1, 0.1ms–1
the position of centre of mass of the system unchanged is (b) 0.2 kg ms–1, 0.05 ms–1
 [27 June, 2022 (Shift-I)] (c) 0.4 kg ms–1,0.05 ms–1
(a) 4 cm towards the 10 kg block (d) 0.2 kg ms–1,0.1ms–1
(b) 2 cm away from the 10 kg block 19. Three objects A, B and C are kept in a straight line on a
(c) 2 cm towards the 10 kg block frictionless horizontal surface. The masses of A, B and C
(d) 4 cm away from the 10 kg block are m, 2 m and 2 m respectively. A moves towards B with
a speed of 9 m/s and makes an elastic collision with it.
15. Two bodies of mass 1 kg and 3 kg have position vectors Thereafter B makes a completely inelastic collision with
iˆ + 2 ˆj + kˆ and −3iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ respectively. The magnitude C. All motions occur along same straight line. The final
speed of C is:
of position vector of centre of mass of this system will be
 [27 July, 2021 (Shift-I)]
similar to the magnitude of vector:  B
A C
 [29 July, 2022 (Shift-I)]
(a) iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ m 2m 2m
(b) −3iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ (a) 4 m/s
(c) −2iˆ + 2kˆ (b) 6 m/s
(d) −2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ (c) 9 m/s
(d) 3 m/s

3 JEE PYQs Physics

 20. Two billiard balls of equal mass 30g strike a rigid wall a
with same speed of 108 kmph (as shown) but at different 24. A square shaped hole of side l = is carved out at a
2
angles. If the balls get reflected with the same speed then
the ratio of the magnitude of impulses imparted to ball ‘a’ a
distance d = from the centre ‘O’ of a uniform circular
and ball ‘b’ by the wall along ‘X’ direction is: 2
 [25 July, 2021 (Shift-I)] disk of radius a. If the distance of the centre of mass of
Y Y a
the remaining portion from O is − , value of x (to the
x
→
u 45º nearest integer) is __. [2 Sep, 2020 (Shift-II)]
x x' x
x'

a
Y' Y'
Ball(a) Ball(b) O
d l=a/2
(a) 2 :1 (b) 1: 2
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 2 : 1
21. A particle of mass m is projected with a speed u from the 25. Three identical spheres each of mass M are placed at
ground at an angle θ = π/3 w.r.t. horizontal (x – axis).
When it has reached its maximum height, it collides the corners of a right angled triangle with mutually
completely inelastically with another particle of the same perpendicular sides equal to 3 m each. Taking point of
mass and velocity u i . The horizontal distance covered by
the combined mass before reaching the ground is: intersection of mutually perpendicular sides as origin,
 [9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)] the magnitude of position vector of centre of mass of the
2 2
3 3u u system will be x m. The value of x is ________.
(a) (b) 2 2
8 g g
 [25 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
5 u2 2
(c) (d) 3 2 u
8 g 4 g 26. A ball of mass 10kg, moving with a velocity 10 3m/s
along, the x-axis, hits another ball of mass 20kg which is
22. A particle of mass m is dropped from a height h above the
at rest. After the collision, first ball comes to rest while
ground. At the same time another particle of the same mass
second ball disintegrates into two equal pieces. One piece
is thrown vertically upwards from the ground with a speed
starts moving along y–axis with a speed of 10 m/s. The
of 2gh . If they collide head-on completely inelastically,
second piece starts moving at an angle of 30° with respect
the time taken for the combined mass to reach the ground, to the x-axis.
h
in units of is: [8 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)] The velocity of the ball moving at 30° with x-axis is x m/s.
g
The configuration of pieces after collision is shown in the
(a) 1 (b) 1 figure below.
2 2 y-axis

(c) 3 (d) 3
4 2 Piece-1
v1 = 10 m/s
Integer Type Questions
23. The distance of centre of mass from end A of a one
 x2  x-axis
dimensional rod (AB) having mass density
= Q Q0 1 − 2 
 L  30°

3L
kg/m and length L (in meter) is m . The value of α is v2
α
The value of x to the nearest integer is ________.
________. (where x is the distance from end A)  [18 March, 2021 (Shift-I)]
 [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]

4 JEE PYQs Physics

 27. A bullet of 10 g, moving with velocity v, collides head-on 10m at rest and then moves with half its initial kinetic
with the stationary bob of a pendulum and recoils with energy(see figure). If sinθ1 = n sin θ2 , then value of n is
velocity 100 m/s. The length of the pendulum is 0.5 m and
mass of the bob is 1 kg. The minimum value of v = _____ ________. [2 Sep, 2020 (Shift-II)]
m/s so that the pendulum describes a circle. (Assume the m
string to be inextensible and g = 10 m/s2)
 [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
1
28. A particle of mass m is moving along the x-axis with initial m uiˆ 10m 2
velocity uiˆ . It collides elastically with a particle of mass
10m

5 JEE PYQs Physics

 ANSWER KEY
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (d) 22. [8] 23. [4] 24. [23] 25. [2] 26. [20] 27. [400] 28. [10]

EXPLANATIONS
2 L L
 a   3a  3a  x2  b  x4 
(σπ2 a )a − σπ   ⋅   a− a   + 2  
 2  2  8 5a  2 0 L  4 0
1. (a) xCOM = = = =
a
2
1 6 L
σπ2 a − σπ   1− b  x3 
2 4 a ( x)0L +  
 
   L2  3 0
2. (c)
L2 L2
a +b
(1, 2.5) = =2 4 (2a + b) L × 3
bL (3a + b) 4
   aL +
3
3L  2a + b 
(0.5, 1) =  
   4  3a + b 
  
 m r + m2 r2 + m3 r3
5. (d) rcm = 1 1
 iˆ ˆ m1 + m2 + m3
2× + ˆj  + 2 ×  iˆ + 5 j 
 2   2   3 7 1 3 
rcm =
= iˆ + ˆj
⇒ rcm 0 + 150 ×  i + ˆj + 100 × iˆ
2+2 4 4 
 2 2 
rcm =

3. (c) From 1 kg mass, 300
1(0) + 2.5(0) + 1.5(3) 4.5  7 ˆ 3 ˆ
xCOM
= = = 0.9 cm rcm
= i+ j
1 + 2.5 + 1.5 5 12 4
1(0) + 2.5(4) + 1.5(0)  7 3
= yCOM = 2 cm ∴Co-ordinate of center =
 ,  m
1 + 2.5 + 1.5  12 4 
4. (b) x Y
L
1 150 g (1/ 2, 3 / 2)
M ∫0
xcm = x.dM

 2
x 
λ.dx =
dM =  a + b    . dx
  L  

L 50 g = m1 60° m2 = 100 g
 bx 2 
∫ xdM ∫ xλdx ∫  L2 
x  a +  dx 0 0.5m 1.0m
xcm = = 0L 
=
6. (a) Let consider the rod in three parts of masses 2m, m
∫ dM ∫ λdx ∫  a + bx22  dx and m.
 L 
0

r=
1 Liˆ + Ljˆ
 L
r2 2 Liˆ + ˆj
=
2

6 JEE PYQs Physics

  5L ˆ  dm 
r3 = i 8. (d) Formula of thrust, Ft =   Vre
2  dt 
Three parts of rod can be considered as point masses. Net force = ma 
Y
Ft

2m a
(L, L) m
( (
2l, L
2
X
mg
( (
m 5L , 0
2
Now, position vector of COM,
Ft – mg = ma
    dm 
 2 m r1 + m r2 + m r3   Vre − mg =
ma
rcm =  dt 

4m
 L   5L  dm

(
)
2 m Liˆ + Ljˆ + m  2 Liˆ + ˆj  + m  iˆ 
2   2 
500
dt
− 1000 × 10= 1000 × 20
rcm =
4m
dm
13 ˆ 5 ˆ = 60 kg/s
= Li + Lj dt
8 8
7. (d) (0, b) (a, b) 9. (c) Along horizontal direction,
 3a 3b 
 ,  M × 10 cos30º + 2M × 5 cos45º
 4 4  = 2M × v1 cos 30º + M v2 cos 45º

⇒ 5 3 + 5 2= 2v1 3 + v2
2 2
(0, 0) (a, 0) Along vertical direction,
Area of complete sheet (A1) = ab M × 10 sin 30º – 2M × 5 sin 45º = M v2 sin45º
ab – 2M v1 sin30º
Area of shaded part (A2) =
4 ⇒ 5 − 5 2
For centre of mass,
v2
=
− v1
 a  ab  3a  2
ab   −  
A X − A2 X 2 2 4  4 
Xcm = 1 1 =   Solving v1 = 17.5 = 6.5 m/s and v2 6.3 m/s
A1 − A2 ab 2.7
ab −
4    
 m a + mB aB + mC aC + mD aD
5a 10. (a) acm = A A
Xcm = m A + mB + mC + mD
12
 −maiˆ + 2mjˆ + 3maiˆ − 4majˆ
 a  ab  3b  acm =

ab   −   10m
A Y − A2Y2 2 4  4
Ycm = 1 1 =   
a
A1 − A2 ab Y
ab −
4 
B a
5b C
Ycm =
12 X
So, the coordinate of centre of mass (remaining sheet)
 5a 5b   D
( X cm , Ycm ) ≡  ,  a A
 12 12  
a
7 JEE PYQs Physics
  a a a v0 v2 v1
acm = iˆ − ˆj = (iˆ − ˆj )
15. (d)
5 5 5 3m 2m m
Using conservation of linear momentum:
11. (c) m v 2m ⇒ m 2m v′
3 mv0 = 2 mv2 + mv1
⇒ 40 × 3 m = 60 × m + v2 × 2 m
Using conservation of linear momentum ⇒ v2 = 30 m/s
⇒ Initial momentum = Final Momentum 1
mv + 2m × 0 = (m + 2m)v ′ KEi = × 3 m × (40) 2
2
∴ mv = 3mv ′
1 1
v KE f = × m × (60) 2 + × 2 m × (30) 2
v′ = 2 2
3
KE f 54
12. (a) Given that, ⇒ =
KEi 48
n Hence, Fractional change in kinetic energy
v2 = 2 v2
m KE f 1
=1− =
L n L1  ...(i) KEi 8
⇒ 2 =
T2 m 2 T1 v'
m
v=0 45
Also, a2 = a1/mn
16. (b) 2v v
2m m 45
L L 1 Using linear momentum conservation, m
⇒ 2 = 1× v'
T22 T12 mn v'
m2v + 2mv = m × 0 + m
×2
T  L1 1
2
2
⇒  1  =×
 T2  L2 mn 2mv '
4mv
= ⇒ v=' 2 2v
2
L1
On Putting the volue of from (i) 17. (b) Using momentum conservation.
L2
2
4 × 10–3 (50 – v) – 4v = 0
 T1  T1 m 2 1
T  = × × v = 0.05 m/s

 2  T2 n mn
Impule, J = mv = 4 × 0.05
T m
⇒ 1 = J = 0.2 kg m/s
T2 n 2
18. (d) Before collision, uA = 9 m/s, uB = 0
n2 Let after collision velocities of A and B be vA and vB

⇒ T1 = T2  ...(ii)
m B
A C
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
9m/s
m 2m 2m
n3
m3 L1
L2 =
Applying conservation of momentum,
13. (c) For position of COM to remain unchanged, m × 9 + 2 mx = m × vA + 2mvB
m1x1 = m2x2 9 = vA + 2vB ...(i)
⇒ 10 × 6 = 30 × x2
vB − v A
⇒ x2 = 2 cm towards 10 kg block. again, e =
u A − uB
14. (d) The position vector centre of mass
  Since, collision is elastic, therefore e = 1
 m r + m2 r2
r = 11
m1 + m2 v −v
1= B A
9 − 0
 1(iˆ + 2 ˆj + kˆ) + 3(−3iˆ − 2 ˆj + kˆ)
r
= =−2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ 9 = vB – 2vA ...(ii)
1+ 3
Solving (i) and (ii)

8 JEE PYQs Physics

 vB = 6 m/s and vA = –3 m/s 
gh  1 
Now, applying conservation of momentum between ⇒− + gh  2 −  =2V f
2 2  
B&C
Thus, Vf = 0
B C
6m/s 2 1 h 3h
2m 2m And height from ground = h − gt1 = h − =
2 4 4

2m × 6 + 0 = (2m + 2m)vC  3h 
So time =   3h
4
3 m/s = vC 2×   =
g 2g
19. (a) Applying the impulse momentum theorem
 x2 
For ball (a): I1 = Dp1 = 2mu 22. [8] Linear mass density, λ = λ 0 1 − 2  kg/m
 L 
Change in momentum,
L
For ball (b): I2 = Dp2 = 2mu cos 45°  x2 
m =∫ λdx =∫ λ 0 1 − 2  dx

0  L 
I1 2mu

= = 2
I 2 2mu cos 45º  L3  2 Lλ 0
=
λ0  L − 2 =
20. (a) 2m  3L  3
m u v
ucos 1
m∫
m
XC = x dm
º

pi = pf 1
L
 x2 
m ∫0

mu + mu cosθ = 2mv
= x λ 0  1 − 2 dx
 L 
u (1 + cos 60°) 3
⇒v= = u
2 4 λ  x2 x4  3
L

So horizontal range after collision = 0  − 2 = L

m  2 4L 0 8
  = v 2H max
g 3L 3
As, X=
C = α 8
L⇒=
2 2
α 8
  = 3 u 2u sin 2(60º )
4 2g 23. [4] x= y= 4a
cm cm
3π
3 \x=4
3 2 4 3 3u 2 24. [23]
= =
  u
4 g 8g
21. (d) A
h

B V  2 gh
Let the density is σ
h Then original mass m0 = πa2σ
Time for collision t1 =
2 gh  2 a2  2  4π − 1 
Remaining mass m ' = πa=
−  σ a  σ
gh  4   4 
After t1, V =0 − gt1 =
− 
A
2
a2
 1  Removed mass =
m .σ
and VB=
2 gh − gt=
gh  2 − 4
2 
1

  a2 a σa 2
At the time of collision Pi = Pf ∴ πa 2σ(0)
= .σ × + (4π − 1)r
   4 2 4
⇒ mVA + mVB = 2mV f

9 JEE PYQs Physics

 −a −a −a From conservation of momentum,

⇒ r
= = = m1v = m2 × 5 – m1 × 100
2(4π − 1) 23.13 23
25. [2] 10 −10
(0, 3) ×= v × 100 + 1× 5
1000 1000
\ v = 400m/s
3 3m
3m
28. [10] m
 y
m uiˆ  x
(0, 0) (3, 0)
3m 10m

 m(0 iˆ + 0 ˆj ) + m(3iˆ) + m(3 ˆj )

rcom =

3m Since energy of m reduced by half

rcom = iˆ + ˆj

u 1 11 2 u

∴ u1 = and × 10mv12 =  mu  ⇒ v1 =
rcom
= 2
= x ⇒x=2 2 2 2  2  20
26. [20] Apply conservation of momentum along y-axis Now, momentum in y direction will remain conserved.
10 v1 = 10 v2 sin 30°
∴ mu1sinθ1 = 10mv1sinθ2
⇒ v2 = 20 m/s. u u
⇒ =
sin θ1 10 sin θ2 ⇒ sin
= θ1 10 sin θ2
27.[400] Velocity of bob after collision, 2 20
v1 =
5 gR = 5 × 10 × 0.5 = 5m/s

10 JEE PYQs Physics