This content is owned by Shiksha.com. Any unauthorised copy or distribution of this content is not allowed.

JEE Main Paper

3 Dimensional Geometry
1. If the line x = y = z intersect the line sinA. x + sinB.y + sinC.z = 2d2, sin2A.x + sin 2B.y + sin2C.z = d2,
A B C
then sin . sin . sin is equal to (where A, B, C are the angles of a triangle) -
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
16 8 32 12

2. Let A (0, 0, 1), B(0, 1, 0) and C(1, 1, 1) are the points in a plane, then the equation of the plane
perpendicular to plane ABC and passing through A and B is
(1) – x + y + z + 1 = 0 (2) x – y – z – 1 = 0
(3) – x + y + z – 1 = 0 (4) None of these

3. If p1and p2 are the lengths of the perpendiculars from the points (2, 3, 4) and (1, 1, 4) respectively on the
plane 3x – 6y + 2z + 11 = 0, then p1, p2 are the roots of the equation
(1) p2 – 23p + 7 = 0 (2) 7p2 – 23p + 16 = 0
(3) p2 – 17p + 16 = 0 (4) p2 – 16p + 7 = 0

 
4. The lines r = i – j + (2i + k) and r = (2i – j) + (i + j – k) intersect for
(1)  = 1,  = 1 (2)  = 2,  = 3
(3) all values of  and  (4) no value of  and 

5. The plane 2x – y + 3z + 5 = 0 is rotated through 90º about its line of intersection with the plane 5x – 4y +
2z + 1 = 0. The equation of the plane in the new position is
(1) 6x – 9y – 29z – 31 = 0 (2) 27x – 24y – 26z – 13 = 0
(3) 43x – 32y – 2z + 27 = 0 (4) 26x – 43y – 151z – 165 = 0

6. A line passing through A(1, 2, 3) and having direction ratios (3, 4, 5) meets a plane
x + 2y – 3z = 5 at B, then distance AB is equal to-
9 11
(1) (2)
4 4
13
(3) (4) None of these
4

Page No. : 1
 
7. If the shortest distance between the line r = ( î + 2 ˆj + 3 k̂ ) + 1(2 î + 3 ˆj + 4 k̂ ) and

r = (2 î + 4 ˆj + 5 k̂ ) + 2(3 î + 4 ˆj + 5 k̂ ) is x, then cos–1 (cos 6 x) is equal to :

1
(1) (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 2
2

8. The direction cosines of two lines are related by  + m + n = 0 and a2 + bm2 + cn2 = 0. The lines are

parallel if -
(1) a + b + c = 0 (2) a–1 + b–1 + c–1 = 0
(3) a = b = c (4) None of these

x y z
9. The distance of the point (1, –2, 3) from the plane x – y + z = 5, measured parallel to the line  
2 3 –6
is-
(1) 1/7 (2) 1 (3) 7 (4) None of these

10. The plane x – 2y + 3z = 17 divides the line joining the points (–2, 4, 7) and (3, –5, 8) in the ratio
(1) 3 : 5 (2) 3 : 10
(3) 3 : 7 (4) None of these

11. Angle between the rays with d.r.'s 4, – 3, 5 & 3, 4, 5 is-

4  2
(1) cos–1 (2) cos–1  
6 6

1
(3) cos–1   (4) Not defined
 2

x 1 y  2 z  3 x 2 y3
12. If lines = = and =
2 x1 x2 3 4

z4
lies in the same plane then for equation x1t2 + (x2 + 2) t + a = 0
5
(1) 2x1 – x2 = 1 (2) sum of roots of above equation = –2
(3) 2x1 + x2 = –4 (4) sum of root is 0

13. A plane passing through (1, 1, 1) cuts positive direction of co-ordinate axes at A, B and C the volume of
tetrahedron OABC satisfies-
9 9 9
(1) V  (2) V  (3) V = (4) None of these
2 2 2

Page No. : 2
14. A variable plane is at a constant distance 'r' from the origin and meets the axes in A, B, C then, the locus of
the centroid of the tetrahedron OABC is–
1 1 1 16
(1) 2
+ 2
+ 2
= (2) x2 + y2 + z2 = 4r
x y z r2
(3) x2 + y2 + z2 = 16r2 (4) x2 + y2 + z2 = 9r2

15. A ray of light passing through the point A(1,2,3), strikes the plane x + y + z = 12 at B and on reflection
passes through point C(3, 5, 9). Coordinates of point B is-
(1) (7, 0, 9) (2) (–7, 0, 19) (3) (7, 1, 19) (4) None

16. A plane meets the coordinate axes at A,B,C such that the centroid of the triangle ABC is at G (a, b, c). The
equation of the plane ABC is-
x y z x y z 1 x y z
(1)   =1 (2)    (3)   3 (4) none of these
a b c a b c 3 a b c

17. If the line x = ay + b, z = cy + d and the line z = ay + b, z = cy + d are perpendicular, then–
(1) aa + cc = –1 (2) aa + bb= 1 (3) aa + bb = 0 (4) None of these

18. The point of intersection of line, passing through (0, 0, 1) and intersecting lines x + 2y + z = 1,
–x + y –2z = 2 and x + y = 2, x + z = 2 with xy plane is-

 5 1   2 1    5 1 
(1)  , , 0  (2) (1, 1, 0) (3)  , , 0  (4)  , , 0
3 3  3 3   3 3 

z 1
19. Direction cosine of normal to plane containing x = y = z and x –1 = y –1 = ; where d  R ~ {1} are-
d

 1 1   1 1 
(1)  ,0,  (2)  ,0, 
 2 2  2 2

 1 1 
(3)  , ,0  (4) None of these
 2 2 

x 1 y  2 z  3
20. Equation of a plane which passes through the point of intersection of lines   and
3 1 2
x  3 y 1 z  2
  and at greatest distance from the point (0, 0, 0) is
1 2 3
(1) 4x + 3y + 5z = 25 (2) 4x + 3y + 5z = 50
(3) 3x + 4y + 5z = 49 (4) x + 7y – 5z = 2

Page No. : 3
21. If the foot of the perpendicular from the origin to a plane is P(a, b, c) the equation of the plane is
x y z
(1)   =3 (2) ax + by + cz = 3
a b c
(3) ax + by + cz = a2 + b2 + c2 (4) ax + by + cz = a + b + c

22. The volume of the tetrahedron included between the plane 3x + 4y –5z – 60 = 0 and the coordinate planes
in cubic units is
(1) 60 (2) 600 (3) 720 (4) None of these

23. The equation xy = 0 in three dimensional space represents -

(1) a pair of straight lines (2) a plane
(3) a pair of planes at right angles (4) a pair of parallel planes

24. An equation of the plane passing through the origin and containing the lines whose direction cosines are
proportional to 1, –2, 2 and 2, 3, –1 is -
(1) x – 2y + 2z = 0 (2) 2x + 3y – z = 0
(3) x + 5y – 3z = 0 (4) 4x – 5y – 7z = 0

25. A line passes through the points (6, –7, –1) and (2, –3, 1). If the angle  which the line makes with the
positive direction of x-axis is acute, the direction cosines of the line are -
(1) 2/3, –2/3, –1/3 (2) 2/3, 2/3, –1/3
(3) 2/3, –2/3, 1/3 (4) 2/3, 2/3, 1/3

26. If the foot of the perpendicular from the origin to a plane is (a, b, c), then equation of the plane is -
x y z
(1)   =1 (2) ax + by + cz = 1
a b c
(3) ax + by + cz = a2 + b2 + c2 (4) ax + by + cz = 0

27. Equation of a plane bisecting the angle between the planes 2x – y + 2z + 3 = 0 and 3x –2y + 6z + 8 = 0 is -
(1) 5x – y – 4z – 45 = 0 (2) 5x – y – 4z – 3 = 0
(3) 23x + 13y + 32z – 45 = 0 (4) 23x – 13y + 32z + 5 = 0

28. The co-ordinates of the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the point A (1, 0, 3) to the join of the points B
(4, 7, 1) and C(3, 5, 3) are -
 5 7 17 
(1)  , ,  (2) (5, 7, 17)
3 3 3 

 5  7 17   5 7  17 
(3)  , ,  (4)  – , , 
7 3 3   3 3 3 

Page No. : 4
29. If the axes are rectangular and P is the point (2, 3, –1), then the equation of the plane through P at right
angles to OP, is -

(1) 2x + 3y + z = 14 (2) 2x + 3y – z = 14
(3) 2x – 3y + z = 14 (4) None of these

30. Equation of the sphere with centre in the positive octant which passes through the circle x2 + y2 = 4, z = 0
and is cut by the plane x + 2y + 2z = 0 in a circle of radius 3 is -
(1) x2 + y2 + z2 – 6x – 4 = 0 (2) x2 + y2 – 6y – 4 = 0
(3) x2 + y2 + z2 – 6z – 4 = 0 (4) x2 + y2 – 6x – 6y – 4 = 0

31. The line x = ay + b, z = cy + d and x = a y + b, z = cy + d are perpendicular if -

(1) aa + bb + 1 = 0 (2) ab + ab + 1 = 0
(3) aa + bb + cc = dd (4) aa + cc + 1 = 0

32. There is a point P(a, a, a) on the line passing through the origin and equally inclined with axes. The
equation of the plane perpendicular to OP and passing through P cuts the intercepts on axes, the sum of
whose reciprocals is -
(1) a (2) 3/2a (3) 3a/2 (4) 1/a

x 3 y 2 z 1 x2 y3 z 1
33. The plane containing the two lines = = and = = is 11x + my + nz =
1 4 5 1 4 5
28 where-
(1) m = –1, n = 3 (2) m = 1, n = –3
(3) m = –1, n = –3 (4) m = 1, n = 3

34. The three planes 4y + 6z = 5 ; 2x + 3y + 5z = 5; 6x + 5y + 9z = 10

(1) meet in a point (2) have a line in common
(3) form a triangular prism (4) none of these

35. A plane meets the coordinate axes at A, B, C and the foot of the perpendicular from the origin O to the
plane is P, OA = a, OB = b, OC = c. If P is the centroid of the triangle ABC, then -
(1) a + b + c = 0 (2) |a| = |b| = |c|
1 1 1
(3)   =0 (4) None of these
a b c

Page No. : 5
 JEE MAIN PAPER (3 Dimensional Geometry)

ANSWER KEY
1. (1) 2. (4) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (2) 6. (4) 7. (3)
8. (2) 9. (2) 10. (2) 11. (3) 12. (2) 13. (2) 14. (1)
15. (2) 16. (3) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (3) 20. (2) 21. (3)
22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25. (1) 26. (3) 27. (2) 28. (1)
29. (2) 30. (3) 31. (4) 32. (4) 33. (3) 34. (2) 35. (2)
 Solution for

JEE Main
Practice
Questions Set
37
 HINT & SOLUTION

1.
Sol. Let the point of intersection be (,,)
 sinA + sinB + sin C = 2 (sin2A + sin 2B +
sin2C)
A B C
 4cos cos cos = 8 sin A sin B sin C
2 2 2
A B C 1
 sin sin sin = .
2 2 2 16

2.
Sol. Let P be the variable point on the required plane
 AP, AB, (AB  BC) are coplanar

3.
Sol. We have
3  2  6  3  2  4  11 7
p1 = = =1
3 2  ( 6) 2  ( 2) 2 7

3  2  6  1  2  4  11 16
and p2 = =
2 2
3  (6)  (2) 2 7

So, that p1, p2 are the roots of the equation

 16  16
p2 –  1   p + =0
 7  7
7p2 – 23p + 16 = 0

Page No. : 1
4.
Sol. The given lines intersect, if the shortest distance between the lines is zero.

We know that the shortest distance between the lines r = a1 + ( b1 ) and r = a2 + b2 is
| (a 1  a 2 ).b1  b 2 |
| b1  b 2 |
So the shortest distance between the given lines is zero if
(i – j – (2i – j) . (2i + k) × (i + j – k) = 0
1 0 0
L.H.S. = 2 0 1 = 1 0
1 1 1
Hence the given lines do not intersect.

5.
Sol. Equation of a plane passing through the line of intersection of the given planes is
2x – y + 3z + 5 +  (5x – 4y – 2z + ) = 0
or (2 + 5)x – (1 + 4)y + (3 – 2)z + 5 +  = 0
This will be perpendicular to the plane 2x – y + 3z + 5 = 0
if 2(2 + 5) + (1 + 4) + 3(3 – 2) = 0
  = –7/4 and the required equation of the plane is
4(2x – y + 3z + 5) – 7(5x – 4y – 2z + 1) = 0
 27x – 24y – 26z – 13 = 0

6.
x 1 y  2 z  3
Sol. Equation of the line is = =
3 4 5
x 1 y  2 z  3
i.e., = = = r (say)
3 4 5
5 2 5 2 5 2
3r 8r 15r
 1+ +4+ –9– =5
5 2 5 2 5 2
4r 45 2
 – =9 r= .
5 2 4

 31 57 
 A(1, 2, 3) and B  ,11, 
 4 4 
2 2
 31   57 
    1  (11  2) 2    3
 4   4 

Page No. : 2
7.
î ĵ k̂
Sol. line of shortest distance will be along 2 3 4 = – î +2 ˆj – k̂
3 4 5

(– î  2 ĵ – k̂ ) 1
 x = ( î + 2 ˆj +2 k̂ ). =
6 6
 cos–1 (cos 6 x) = cos–1(cos1) = 1

8.
Sol. For n = – ( + m), the second relation gives

a2 + bm2 + c( + m)2 = 0 or (a + c) 2 + 2cm + (b + c) m2 = 0.

For parallel lines, the two roots must be equal
 4c2 – 4(b + c) (a + c) = 0 
  ab + bc + ca = 0

9.
Sol. Equation of the line through (1, –2, 3) and parallel to the given line are
x –1 y  2 z–3
= = = r. Any point on it at a distance r from (1, –2, 3)
2/7 3/ 7 – 6/7
 2r 3r 6r 
is 1  , – 2  , 3 –  Since the point lies in x – y + z = 5.
 7 7 7
2r 3r 6r
1+ 2– 3– =5r=1
7 7 7
10.
Sol. If the required ratio is µ : 1, then
3µ – 2 –5µ  4 8µ  7
, , must be in the plane
µ 1 µ 1 µ 1
x – 2y + 3z = 17
 3µ – 2 – 2 (–5µ + 4) + 3(8µ + 7) = 17µ + 17
3
 20µ = 6 or µ =
10

11.
a 1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2
Sol. cos  =
a 12  b12  c12 . a 22  b 22  c 22
12  12  25 1
= = 
16  9  25. 9  16  25 2
1
 = cos–1  
 2

Page No. : 3
12.
1 1 1
Sol. Lines are coplanar if 2 x1 x2 = 0
3 4 5
 2x1 –x2 = 2
(x 2  2) 2 x1
Also sum of roots = = = –2.
x1 x1

13.
x y z
Sol. Let the equation of the plane be + + =1
a b c
1 1 1
 + + =1
a b c
1
 Volume of tetrahedron OABC = V = (abc)
6
3
Now (abc)1/3  3
1 1 1
 
a b c
 abc  27
9
V
2

14.
x y z
Sol. Let the plane be + + =1
a b c
perpendicular distance from origin to variable plane = r

1 1 1 1 1
so r =  2
 2
 2
=
1 1 1 a b c r2
 
a 2 b2 c2
Let G  (x1, y1, z1) be centroid of tetrahedron OABC
So x1 = a/4  a = 4x1 similarly b = 4y1, c = 4z1
1 1 1 16
So + + =
x12 y12 z12 r2
1 1 1 16
 + + =
x2 y2 z2 r2
15.
Sol. Image of point (1, 2, 3) about x + y + z = 12 is (5, 6, 7)
B is point of intersection of line BC with the plane x + y + z = 12
x 5 y6 z7
Equation of BC is = =
2 1 –2
 coordinats of B is (–7, 0, 19)

Page No. : 4
16.
Sol. Let A, B, C be the points (, 0, 0) (0, , 0) (0, 0, ) so that
  
= a, = b, = c.
3 3 3
The equation of the plane ABC is
x y z x y z
–  =1   = 1.
   3a 3b 3c

17.
Sol. Equations of lines can be written as
xb y zd x  b' y z  d '
= = and = =
a 1 c a' 1 c'
These lines are perpendicular if aa+ 1.1
+ cc = 0
So aa + cc = –1

18.
Sol. Equation of line is
x + 2y + z –1 +  (–x + y –2z –2) = 0
& x + y – 2 + (x + z –2) = 0
put (0, 0, 1)
= 0,  = –2
for point of intersection put z = 0

19.
Sol. Let , m, n be direction ratio of normal

 + m + n = 0 …(i)

 + m + nd = 0 …(ii)
Solve n (d –1) = 0
n=0
1
=±
2
1
m= 
2
 1 1   1 1 
  , , 0  or  , , 0 
 2 2   2 2 

20.
Sol. Let a point (3 + 1,  + 2, 2 + 3) of the first line also lies on the second line
3  1  3   2  1 2  3  2
Then   =1
1 2 3
hence the point of intersection P of the two lines is (4, 3, 5)
Equation of plane perpendicular to OP where O is (0, 0, 0) and passing through P is
4x + 3y + 5z = 50
Page No. : 5
21.
Sol. Direction ratios of OP are (a,b,c)
 equation of the plane is
a(x – a) + b(y – b) + c(z – c) = 0
i.e. xa + yb + zc = a2 + b2 + c2

22.
Sol. Given plane meets axis at the points
A(20, 0, 0), B(0, 15, 0), C (0, 0, –12)
OA = 20 î , OB = 15 ˆj , OC = –12 k̂
y
B

x
O A
C
z
1 1
Volume = [OA OB OC] = × 20 × 15 × 12 = 600
6 6

23.
Sol. xy = 0  x = 0 or y = 0. Hence locus of xy = 0 is the union of all points which lie in YOZ-plane or on
ZOX-plane. So the equation xy = 0 represents a pair of perpendicular planes.

24.
Sol. Let the direction cosines of the normal to the plane be l, m, n. Since the normal is perpendicular to both
the lines lying in the plane, whose direction cosines are proportional to 1, –2, 2 and 2, 3, –1; we have l –
2m + 2n = 0 and 2l + 3m – n = 0
1 m n
 = =
4 5 7
Since the plane passes through the origin its equation is
lx + my + nz = 0 or 4x – 5y – 7z = 0.

25.
Sol. The direction cosines of the given line are proportional to
2 – 6, –3 + 7, 1 + 1, i.e. –2, 2, 1
2 2 1
the direction cosines are therefore = , , .
3 3 3

Since the angle  which the line makes with positive direction of x-axis is acute,
cos > 0  cos  = 2/3, Thus, required direction cosines are 2/3, –2/3, –1/3.

26.
Sol. Let P be the foot of the perpendicular from the origin on the plane then direction ratios of OP, the normal
to the plane are a – 0, b – 0, c – 0, i.e. a, b, c. Also since it passes through
(a, b, c), the equation of the plane is a(x – a) + b(y – b) + c (z – c) = 0  ax + by + cz = a2 + b2 + c2.

Page No. : 6
27.
Sol. Equations of the planes bisecting the angle between the given planes are
2x  y  2z  3 3x  2 y  6 z  8
=±
2 2  (1) 2  2 2 32  ( 2) 2  6 2
7(2x – y + 2z + 3) = ± 3(3x – 2y + 6z + 8)
 5x – y –4z – 3 = 0 taking the +ve sign, and 23x – 13y + 32z + 45 = 0
taking the –ve sign.

28.
Sol. Let D be the foot of perpendicular and let it divides BC in the ratio  : 1. Then the co-ordinates of D are
3  4 5  7 3  1    
, , . Now AD  BC = AD . BC = 0
 1  1  1
7
 – (2 + 3) – 2(5 + 7) – 4 = 0   = –
4
 5 7 17 
 Co-ordinates of D  , ,  .
3 3 3 

29.
Sol. P is (2, 3, –1) and O is (0, 0, 0); direction cosines of OP are proportional to (2, 3, –1).
Therefore these will be the coefficients of x, y, z in a plane which is perpendicular to OP.
So let the plane be 2x + 3y – z = .
The plane also passes through P(2, 3, –1).
4+9+1=   = 14.
Hence the required plane is 2x + 3y – z = 14.

30.
Sol. Equation of sphere through the given circle is x 2 + y2 + z2 – 4 + z = 0 … (1)

  4
Its centre is  0, 0,–  and radius 0  0  4
 2 4

0  20  2 –  
2 
 d = distance of the plane x +2y + 2z = 0 from the centre of sphere = =
1 4  4 3

 
 0,0, 
 2 

r
d

3
 Since the sphere (1) cuts the plane in a circle of radius 3
2 2
  r2 – d2 = 32  +4– =9±6
4 9
Since the centre lies in the positive octant, so  < 0
 Required equation is x2 + y2 + z2 – 6z + 4 = 0.

Page No. : 7
31.
Sol. The equations of straight line can be rewritten as
xb y0 zd
x = ay + b, z = cy + d  = = and x = ay + b, z = cy + d
a 1 c
x  b y0 z  d
 = =
a 1 c
The above lines are perpendicular if aa + 1.1 + cc = 0  aa + cc + 1 = 0.

32.

Sol. OP = a2  a2  a2 = a 3
1 1 1
D.R.’s of OP = , ,
3 3 3
Equation of Reqd. plane is lx +my + nz = p
x y z
 x + y + z = 3a    =1
3a 3a 3a
Intercept on axis = 3a, 3a, 3a
1 1 1 1
Sum of their reciprocals =   = .
3a 3a 3a a

33.
Sol. Point (3, 2, 1) & (2, –3, –1)
lies on 11x + my + nz = 28
i.e., 33 + 2m + n = 28
 2m + n = –5 … (1)
and 22 – 3m – n = 28
 –3m – n = 6 … (2)
From (1) and (2)
m = –1 & n = –3.

34.
Sol. If d.c.’s of line of intersection of planes
4y + 6z = 5 & 2x + 3y + 5z = 5 are l, m, n
 0 + 4m + 6n = 0, 2l + 3m + 5n = 0
l m n 1
 = = =
1 6 4 53
1 6 4
l= ,m= ,n=
53 53 53
 1   6   4 
also 6   + 5   + 9    = 0
 53   53   53 
i.e., line of intersection in  to normal of third plane .
Hence plane.
Hence three planes have a line in common.

Page No. : 8
35.
Sol. Let equation of the plane is
x y z
  =1 … (1)
a b c
a b c
Co-ordinates of P is  , , 
 3 3 3
 OP is  to the plane

 OP is parallel to normal to the plane (1)

a /3 b/3 c /3
 = =
1/ a 1/ b 1/ c
 a2 = b2 = c2
 |a| = |b| = |c|.

Page No. : 9