Subject S.

St Grade 4 th
Lesson no 1
Topic: The Earth in space sub topic: Movement of the Earth
Questions Answers

1: Where are you living? 1:I am living on Earth.

2: On which planet are you living? 2: I am living on Earth it is 3rd planet.

3:On which planet life can exist? 3: Earth is the planet where life can exist

4: What do you think how is it shape? 4: The Earth is like a huge ball, it’s called sphere
It is not quite round but is flattened at the top
and the bottom, at the North and South poles
, on its axis.

5:What is rotation? 5:The Earth spins or rotates, from west to East ,

on its axis.

6:How much time Earth took to complete one 6:The Earth takes 24 hours or one day to rotates
rotation? once.

7:What is revolution 7:Earth is moving around the sun ,this movement

is called its revolution
8:How much time Earth took to complete one 8:The Earth takes a year to revolve around the
revolution ? sun

9:What is Axis? 9:This is an imaginary line running from the North

pole to the South pole through the center of the
Earth.
10:What is Equator? An imaginary line that runs all the way round the
middle of the Earth.
Lesson No :2
Topic: The Earth in space Sub topic: Days and night, seasons,

Questions Answers

1: Which things causes the day and night? 1:The rotation of the Earth causes day and night

2: How days and night comes? 2:The Earth rotates on its axis or pole only once
in 24 hours and parts of the Earth that face the
Sun have day while those facing away from it
have night.

3:How are the seasons caused? 3:The different seasons and climatic revolution
on the Earth are by its revolution round the sun
and by the title of the axis

4:What is axis? 4:This is an imaginary line running from the North

pole to the South pole through the center of the
Earth.

5:Where on the Earth ‘s surface is the sun hottest 5:Places that are close to the equator are hot
throughout the year? throughout the year

6:What happened with those places which are 6: Places that are away from the equator have
away from the Equator? different seasons.

7:What is Equator? 7: An imaginary line that runs all the way round
the middle of the Earth. Or the line which divide
the Earth into two equal parts.
Lesson No :3
Topic: The Earth in space Sub topic: Solstice, Equinoxes

Questions Answers
1:What is meant by the term solstice? Solstice literally means ‘Sun (sol) standing (stice)’
but this is actually that point in the orbit when
the Earth is farthest from the Sun.
2:Define processes of Solstice In the Northern hemisphere ,the sun reaches its
highest point in the sky at midsummer i.e.21st
June and its lowest point at mid-winter i.e.
22December .Therefore, 21st June is the longest
day of the year and 22nd December is the shortest
day of the year .Each of the two times is called
the solstice.

3:How is the processes of solstice in Southern It is opposite in the southern hemisphere where
hemisphere? the longest day is on 22nd December and the
longest night on 21st June.

4:What is Equinox? The word equinox is made up of two Latin word s

equi meaning equal and nox mean night .The
length of the day and night are equal on this day
of the year.

5:When spring equinox started? The spring equinox 21st March marks, the
beginning of spring in the Northern hemisphere
and Autumn in the southern hemisphere .

6:What is Autumn equinox and when it is started On 23rd September, too, day and night are of
equal length. This day, called the Autumn
Equinox, marks the beginning of Autumn in the
Northern hemisphere and of spring in the
southern hemisphere

7:What is Hemisphere? Hemi means Half. The Equator divides the Earth
into northern and southern hemisphere

Lesson No :4
Topic: Climate Sub topic: Difference between Weather and Climate

Questions Answers
1:How is weather today? 1: Today it is rainy

2How was weather yesterday? 2: It was cloudy .

3: Which weather do you like most? 3:I like sunny weather

4: Do you think it is changing day by day? 4:Yes it was cloudy yesterday and rainy today

5:What is weather? 5: weather is day to day condition of heat and

cold, humidity, cloudiness, dryness, or rain in any
place.

6:What is climate? climate is a weather condition in a region over a

long period of time.

7:How is the climate near to the equator? The climate of a place can be very hot as on the
equator and very cold as near the poles or
temperate.
8:What is Equator? Equator is a line that divide the Earth into two
equal parts

9:Tell me name of weather conditions sunny, windy, thundering, lighting, cirrus, stratus,
cumulonimbus, rainy, sunny, windy, foggy, partly
cloudy
10:How is climate of Pakistan? ‘Pakistan has a warm weather’. We could say
that, ‘Pakistan has warm summers and cool
winters’ or that ‘Pakistan has warm weather all
the year round, with only a mild winter.
.

Lesson No :5
Topic: Climate Sub topic: Factor affecting on Climate

Questions Answers
1: What is climate? 1: climate is a weather condition in a region over
a long period of time.

2: Which are the factor effect on climate 2: Rainfall

Height or altitude
Closeness to the sea
Sheltered areas
Deserts
Forest
3: Explain how the height of a place affects its 3: The earth is surrounded by atmosphere. High
climate above the earth surface the atmosphere is cold
that is why it is colder in high places like
mountains than nearer to coast.
4:What can happen to the climate in places 4: Where there are forests there is rain. In areas
where forests have been cut down? where the forests have been cut down there is
less rainfall so the climate of that place is usually
dry and warm.

5:Why ,do you think ,is rainfall such an important 5: Rainfall is a very important factor for climate as
factor for climate ? rainfall causes plants to grow and supports large
number of wildlife. Places with low rainfall are
usually dry.
6:What effect does closeness to the sea have on 6. Places close to sea have usually have cold
the climate of a place breezes blowing from the sea towards the land.
This helps to keep the temperature low in hot
summer months. Example Karachi has a
temperate climate.

Lesson No :6 Our country

Topic: Sub topic: Location of Pakistan

Variety of physical features in Pakistan •Pakistan’s rivers, plains, cities • Climatic regions of Pakistan

Questions Answers
1: What is your country name? 1:My country name is Islamic republic of Pakistan

2: Pakistan is situated in which continent? 2: It is situated in the southern part of the

continent of Asia

3: Tell me name of countries which are sharing 3: Iran in west , India in the East, Afghanistan in
border with the Pakistan the North west, China in the North east

4:Which type of people are living in Pakistan 4: Different types of people are living in Pakistan
some are short, some are tall, some are dark
skinned, and other have very fair skin ,some are
rich and some are very poor.

5: What is the population of Pakistan? 5: Over 185 million

6: HOW IS Pakistan soil 6. it is plains with rich, fertile soil.

7:From where Indus river starts 7: its starts in the Himalayas

8:Which is the highest peak of the Pakistan 8: K2 IS the highest peak of the Pakistan

9: coastal forest is called what? 9:coastal forest are called Mangroves which are
full of marine life.

10:What is the area of Pakistan? 10:796,000sqkm

11:Which are the main rivers of Pakistan? Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej

12:Which are the two main regions of Pakistan: 1: The western highland
2: The Indus plain

Lesson No :7 Our country

Topic: Sub topic: Complete the fact file
 Questions Answers
What is your country name? 1:My country name is Islamic republic of Pakistan

2: Pakistan is in which continent? 2: It is in the continent Asia.

3: Border sharing with which countries? 3: Iran, India, China, Afghanistan

4: :What is the area of Pakistan? 4: 10:796,000sqkm

5: What is the population of Pakistan? 5: Over 216.6 million

6: Which is the capital of Pakistan? 6 Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan.

7: Which Currency is used in Pakistan? 7: Rupee

8:What is the religion of Pakistani peoples 8: Mainly Islam(96%)

9: Which languages are spoken there? 9 Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Brahvi etc.

10:Which is the official language of Pakistan 10: Urdu

11:Which are the main rivers of Pakistan? 11:Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Indus and Sutlej

12: Which is the National game of Pakistan? 12: Hockey is the National game of Pakistan.

13: Which is the National Flower if the 13: Jasmine is the National Flower if the
Pakistan? Pakistan?

Lesson No :8
Topic: The Western Highland Sub topic: Main features of Western Highlands, The
Himalayas•
 Questions Answers
1: Where The Western Highland are situated 1. The Western Highland are situated in the
west and north of the country.

2: What are highlands 2: Highlands are mountainous region or elevated

mountainous plateau

3: What type of is climate is there? 3: A long wet season and a short dry season is
present

4: Which mountainous ranges are there 4: The Himalayas, The Hindu Kush ,and The
Karakoram

5: Where is Himalayas? 5:The southern ranges, in Rawalpindi district is

the sub Himalayas

6: What is the height of Himalayas? 6. . These mountains rise to a height of 600 to

1200 meters above sea level

7: Which is the 2nd highest peak of Pakistan? Nanga Parbat (8126 meters) is the 2nd highest
peak of Pakistan.

Lesson No: 9
Topic: The Western Highland Sub topic: Sub topic: Main features of Western
Highlands, The Karakoram
 Questions Answers
1: What is the height of Karakoram 1:The mountains rise to an average height of
mountains? 6100 meters

2: Which is the second highest peak of the world? 2: Mont Godwin (K2) at 8611 meters is the
second highest peak of the world.

3: Which is the 2nd highest pass 3: The 2nd highest pass is Khunjerab at a height of
4693 meters.

4:Which is known as the eighth wonder of the 4: The Karakoram is known as the eighth
world? wonder of the world.

5: Which pass connect Pakistan and China? 5: Khunjerab pass connect Pakistan and China

6 Where is Hindu Kush mountains? 6. In the west the mountains turn southwards
these are the Hindu Kush mountains. They form
the north and north western borders of Pakistan.
7: Which peaks are found in Hindu Kush? Tirich Mir (7690meters) and
Noshaq(7484)meters

8: Where is Lawarai Pass? Lawarai Pass is in Hindu Kush

9:Which is the best pass for travelers ad traders? Khyber pass which links Peshawar with Kabul

Lesson No: 10
Topic: The Western Highland Sub topic: Sub topic: The Baluchistan Plateau, The
Potohar Plateau
 Questions Answers
1: What is the height of Baluchistan Plateau ? 1.1000 to 2000 meters lies to the west of the
Sul4iman and Kirthar ranges.

2: Which is the biggest lake of the Baluchistan? 2: Hamun-e-Mashkel

3: Which are the main rivers? 3: Porali, Hingol, and Dasht flow into the Arabian
sea.

4:Where is the Potohar Plateau 4: This Plateau which lies between the Jhelum
and Indus River at a height of 300to 600 meters

5: 5:

Lesson No :11
Topic: River Indus and its plain Sub topic: 1: Information about River Indus
2: Name of the rivers flows in Pakistan
 Questions Answers
1: Where does the river Indus start? 1:It starts high up in the Himalayas Mountains
near a lake called Mansorawar in Tibet

2: How river Indus is long or its length? 2: River Indus is about 2900 kilometers long

3: Hoe does the river Indus change when it 3: When it reaches the plains, the river spreads
reaches the plains out into a much broader channel, about 650
kilometers wide. Its course becomes much
straighter as it flows through the plains.
4:H0w you can say Indus is fast flowing river? 4: The winter snow and ice in the mountains melt
in the summer. The water flows into the streams
and rivers. This is why the Indus becomes a fast
flowing river at this time.

5: How Indus plain provide Pakistan with its best 5: Indus plain provide Pakistan with its best
agriculture land? agriculture land .Canals carry the river water to
many places in the plains, providing farmers with
plenty of water for their crops.
6 :In which parts of Pakistan do you find Deserts? 6. Along the eastern border of Pakistan, and in
Why the south-eastern part, the plains are not drained
by any river. The soil is sandy and it is not fertile,
there is little vegetation. These are the deserts of
Pakistan.

7: Describe the course of the river Indus from its 8: The Indus turns south at a point about 200
source as Kalabagh. kilometers north of Islamabad. Its winding course
takes it downhill, cutting through mountain
gorges twisting and turning, till it reaches the
Potohar Plateau. From here it continues into the
Punjab plain to a place called Kalabagh.
.

Lesson No :12
Topic: The soil and the Agriculture Sub topic: Soil and its types

Questions Answers
 1: What is Soil? 1: Soil is a thin layer of a material covering the
earth surface and is formed from the weathering
of rocks. It is made up of mainly minerals, organic
materials, air water etc.
2: How many types of soil ? 2: Soil is classified into four types
Sandy ,Steep and rocky Fertile, Alluvial

3: Which type of soil is good for well growth of 3: fertile land is good for well growth of crops.
crops

4:What is glaciers? 4: A slowly moving mass or river of ice formed

by the accumulation and compaction of snow on
mountains or near the poles .Or large masses of
ice is called glaciers.

5: Why desert area is not good for crops? 5:Desert are sandy or rocky and there is little
water ,it is difficult to grow crops in the desert

6 :Define Alluvial soil? 6. The most fertile soil is called Alluvial soil.

7: What is Erosion? 7: The break up the rocks and cut through the
earth .This is called Erosion

8: How you can stop the Erosion? 8: Grow more and more trees. trees. Because
trees have long roots and hold the particles of
soil together this is why we have to be careful not
to cut down too many trees.

Lesson No :13
Topic: The soil and the Agriculture Sub topic: Agriculture food and cash crops,
Farming
Questions Answers
1: What is Agriculture? 1.the science or practice of farming, including
cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops
and the rearing of animals to provide food ,woll
and other product or the science ,art,or
occupation concerned with cultivating land,
raising cropsand feeding,breeding,and raising
livestock,farming
2: How is the land of Pakistan? 2: Pakistan is an agricultural land.

3: In which part of Pakistan is it difficult to grow 3: Baluchistan is not good for agriculture
crops? Why is that so? because it is mountainous area ,In mountainous
area of the north ,farmer make fields on the
mountain slopes and these slops are not good for
the crops.
4: Which area of Pakistan is good for grow crops? Punjab is the best area for crops because of its
Why is that so? fertile soil and irrigation system

5:What is terrace farming? 4: In mountainous area of the north ,farmer make

fields on the mountain slopes this is called
terrace farming.

6: How many types of crops grow in Pakistan? 5There are two types of crops
Which are those crops? 1: Kharif crops 2: Rabi crops

7: Which crops are food crops? 6. Wheat , maize, millet( jowar and bajra) gram

8: Which are cash crops? 7: Cotton, sugarcane,tobacco,jute

9: When Rabi crops are cultivate and harvested? Rabi crops are grown in winter these are wheat,
gram,masoor,rapeseed and mustard These crops
are cultivated (sown) in October and November
and harvested in April and May
10:When Kharif crops are cultivate and Kharif crops are grown in Summer these are
harvested? cotton, rice, maize and millets Kharif crops
grown in warm places these crops are cultivated
in April and May and harvested October and
November.
Lesson No :14
Topic: The soil and the Agriculture Sub topic: farming. Livestock, poultry

Questions Answers
1: Which is the important part of farming is ? 1. Livestock farming is important part of
farming .

2: Why livestock farming important for 2: Pakistan is fourth largest producer of milk in
Pakistan? the e world there are many international
companies making dairy products which now
operate in Pakistan .
3: From where you get meat and milk ? 3: I got milk and meat from animals and birds

4: Which country is the fourth largest milk 4: Pakistan is the fourth largest milk producer.
producer?

5:What we get from the Poultry farms 5:We get fresh eggs and chicken for meat

6 What is the other use of Animals? 6. Some are used to pull ploughs and carts turn
waterwheels, and for other work on the farm

.
Lesson No :15
Topic: Forest Sub topic: Importance of Forest

Questions Answers
1: Why forest is important? 1:Because forest protect the soil, Forest are
home to many species of wild life.

2: Can you tell more good reason for their 2: There are two reasons for this. Pakistan does
importance? not have great forest resources. one is that much
of the land is not very fertile. The other reason
that trees are cut down to be used as fire wood
and even if trees are replanted ,it takes a long
time for them to grow
3: Which type of forest are found in Pakistan? 3: Alpine forest, dry forest, thorn forest,
mangroves, riverine and plantations

4:Why we need Forest? 4: Green plants make oxygen, human and

animals need to breath oxygen to stay alive.

5: Which gas plant excrete or released ? 5: Carbon dioxide gas plant released.

6 Cn you get medicines from the plant if yes 6. yes some are medicinal plants and good for
which are those? health like herbs, mint bark, leaves, and sap of
neem tree is used for medicines

7: Where we use wood of the plants? Wood is used for making homes, furniture, toys,
hard wood of deodar is used for making railway
sleepers.

8:What else we get from the plants, We get Fruit, vegetables, flowers,nut etc.