THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC NASARAWA

SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY
ASSIGNMENT
ON
FACILITY MANAGEMENT (ARC. 422)
BY
THOMAS JESSE JIKA
REG. NO: HARC/1058
LEVEL: HND 2
TO BE SUBMITTED TO
ARC. DOWELL D .I
MARCH, 2024.
WHAT IS FACILITIES MANAGEMENT?
Facility management, according to IFMA (2019), is a profession that encompasses
multiple disciplines to ensure functionality, comfort, safety and efficiency of the
built environment by integrating people, place, process and technology. In April
2017, the International Standard Organisation (ISO) published the ISO 41011:2017
standard for facility management and defined facility management as the
organisational function which integrates people, place and process within the built
environment with the purpose of improving the quality of life of people and the
productivity of the core business.
Nwannekanma and Onyedika-Ugoeze (2019) stated that facility management is
capable of contributing towards reducing facilities costs, increasing the capacity to
generate revenue and improving the productivity, image and core business of
organisations. Probably,the greatest challenges facing infrastructures
development in developing nations today is not infrastructure design, finance or
the availability of technology for construction, but maintenance of the
infrastructure after delivery. Maintenance can help elongate the lifespan of
infrastructure and reduce their demand.
Types of facilities management. There are two basic areas: Hard Facilities
Management (Hard FM) and Soft Facilities Management (Soft FM).

Hard FM deals with physical assets such as plumbing, wiring, elevators, and
heating and cooling.
Soft FM focuses on tasks performed by people such as custodial services, lease
accounting, catering, security, and grounds keeping.

What is the importance of facilities management?

For people to do their best work and feel engaged in their environments, they
need to be in buildings that are safe, welcoming, and efficient. Facilities
management has a hand in everything that surrounds the people in facilities and
on the grounds. Where they work, play, learn, and live should be comfortable,
productive, and sustainable.
Superior facilities management will contribute to your organization’s bottom line,
impacting the short- and long-term value of property, buildings, and equipment.
Your efforts can be crucial to:
Space optimization
Guiding capital projects
Energy management and maintenance
Lease accounting
Workplace experience
Look inside facilities management
People spend 87% of their time in buildings. See how to improve your operations
to make their lives more comfortable and maximize efficiencies.
Facilities management for healthcare goes digital IDC names IBM TRIRIGA a Leader
In its first worldwide Integrated Workplace Management System (IWMS)
Marketspaces report, market research firm IDC highlights TRIRIGA for its
innovation, flexibility, functionality, and industry expertise.
Numbers show the importance of facilities management
30% savings
Real estate is the second-highest cost for an organization and effective space
management can result in cost savings up to 30%.¹
80% over budget
The average capital project is 80% over budget and 20 months behind schedule,
but adopting capital project management technology can lead to up to a 45%
reduction in overall project costs.²
43% difference in turnover
Companies that rank high in employee engagement have 59% less turnover, 17%
more productivity, and 41% less absenteeism.3
30–50% savings
A smart building with integrated systems can realize 30–50% savings in existing
buildings that are otherwise inefficient.4
Facilities management technology
The technology in facilities management includes both software and systems. Vast
amounts of data are generated by built environments through Internet of Things
(IoT) sensors, wi-fi, meters, gauges, and smart devices. The most effective
solutions enable facilities management departments to make good use of this data
by infusing analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) into an Integrated Workplace
Management System (IWMS). These technologies deliver cognitive capabilities
that make computer-aided facilities management possible — so you can analyze
and learn from data, enabling you to achieve real-time visibility, perform
predictive facilities maintenance, and create more productive, cost-efficient
environments.
Functions of facilities management
Across numerous industries and company sizes, facilities managers have a wide
range of important day-to-day responsibilities. These managers need to both plan
ahead and also be ready for various tasks within any given day. While the
manager’s responsibilities often include:
Real estate management
Capital projects and planning
Occupancy and space management
Lease administration and accounting
Workplace experience
… there are also ways to improve the performance of each responsibility that will
fill the manager’s schedule:
Deliver operational efficiencies
Create an environment conducive to productivity
Find and adopt technological solutions
Guarantee regulatory compliance
Minimize risks to facilities and employees
Reduce energy consumption costs
Reduce the carbon footprint of the real estate portfolio
Future facilities management trends
In the IBM Institute for Business Value 2021 CEO Study, 56% of CEOs emphasize
the need to “aggressively pursue” operational agility and flexibility over the next
two to three years. One implication is that as many enterprises return to their
offices, the workplace ideally becomes a destination where employees want to
gather and collaborate — connecting safely with each other. And then there is
already the need to create a return-to-the-workplace strategy. Learn more from
the following blogs.

The move Is on to hybrid workspaces. The new workspace in the post-pandemic

world will need to satisfy even more needs. Does productivity mean keeping face-
to-face working or saving employees commuting time? Have a look at the
advantages and challenges of building a hybrid workspace model.
Give employees a better workplace experience. “A great place to work” is being
redefined by COVID-19, employee expectations, and technology. That experience
can still mean the difference between engaged, productive employees, and a
company facing turnover and even more disruption. Learn how to create that new
experience.

ROLE Of PRIVATE SECTOR IN FACILITY MANAGEMENT:

The private sector plays a significant role in facility management across various
industries and sectors. Here’s how:

1. SERVICE PROVIDERS: Many private companies specialize in facility

management services. These companies offer a range of services including
maintenance, cleaning, security, landscaping, and energy management to
organizations that prefer outsourcing these functions.

2. SPECIALIZED EXPERTISE: Private sector facility management companies often

bring specialized expertise and resources that organizations may not have in-
house. This includes knowledge of industry best practices, access to
advanced technology and equipment, and skilled workforce.

3. COST EFFICIENCY: Outsourcing facility management to private companies

can often result in cost savings for organizations. Private sector firms can
achieve economies of scale, optimize processes, and leverage their buying
power to procure resources and services at competitive prices.

4. FOCUS ON CORE BUSINESS: Outsourcing facility management allows

organizations to focus on their core competencies and strategic objectives.
By delegating non-core functions to external providers, companies can
improve operational efficiency and allocate resources more effectively.

5. INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: Private sector facility

management companies are often at the forefront of innovation and
technology adoption. They continuously invest in new tools, software, and
techniques to improve service delivery, enhance sustainability, and optimize
building performance.
 6. CUSTOMIZED SOLUTIONS: Private sector firms offer tailored solutions to
meet the unique needs and requirements of different organizations. They
work closely with clients to understand their objectives, priorities, and
challenges, and develop customized strategies and plans accordingly.

Overall, the private sector’s involvement in facility management brings efficiency,

expertise, innovation, and flexibility to organizations, enabling them to create and
maintain high-quality, functional, and sustainable built environments.

 ROLE OF PUBLIC SECTOR IN FACILITY MANAGEMENT:

The public sector plays a significant role in facility management,
particularly in providing essential services and maintaining
infrastructure for the benefit of the community. Here are some
key roles the public sector plays in facility management:

1. INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE: Public sector entities

manage and maintain various infrastructure assets such as
roads, bridges, public buildings, parks, and utilities. This
includes routine maintenance, repairs, and upgrades to
ensure public facilities are safe, functional, and accessible.

2. SERVICE PROVISION: Government agencies often oversee the

provision of essential services like water supply, sanitation,
waste management, and public transportation. Facility
 management in these sectors involves ensuring reliable
service delivery, optimizing operations, and responding to the
evolving needs of the population.

3. REGULATORY CCOMPLIANC: Public sector entities establish

and enforce regulations related to building codes, safety
standards, environmental protection, and accessibility
requirements. Facility managers within the public sector
ensure that facilities comply with relevant regulations and
standards to safeguard public health, safety, and welfare.

4. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RRESPONS: Governments

are responsible for emergency management and disaster
response, which includes maintaining emergency facilities,
coordinating response efforts, and ensuring continuity of
critical services during emergencies or natural disasters.

5. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: Public sector facility

management often contributes to community development
initiatives by creating and maintaining public spaces,
recreational facilities, cultural venues, and other amenities
that enhance quality of life and foster social cohesion.
6. BUDGETING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: Public sector
facility managers are tasked with budgeting, allocating
resources, and optimizing operational efficiency to maximize
the value of taxpayer dollars while delivering.

7. ASSET MANAGEMENT: Public sector entities are responsible

for managing large portfolios of facilities and infrastructure
assets. This involves strategic planning, asset inventory,
condition assessments, lifecycle management, and
optimization of asset utilization to maximize return on
investment and deliver value for taxpayers.

8. PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY: Facility managers in the public

sector prioritize public health and safety by implementing
safety protocols, conducting inspections, and addressing
potential hazards to ensure that facilities meet regulatory
standards and provide a safe environment for employees and
the public.

9. TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION: The public sector increasingly

integrates technology into facility management practices to
enhance efficiency, improve service delivery, and optimize
resource allocation. This includes adopting digital platforms,
sensors, data analytics, and automation technologies to
monitor performance, identify maintenance needs, and make
informed decisions.
10. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT: Public sector facility
managers engage with various stakeholders, including
government agencies, community organizations, elected
officials, and the public, to gather feedback, address
concerns, and collaborate on facility improvement projects
that align with community priorities and goals.

11. RISK MANAGEMENT: Facility managers in the public

sector assess and mitigate risks associated with facility
operations, such as security threats, natural disasters,
regulatory compliance, and financial constraints, to minimize
disruptions and ensure continuity of essential services. These
additional dimensions highlight the complexity and diversity
of the public sector's role in facility management, which
extends beyond basic maintenance and service delivery to
encompass strategic planning, innovation, and stakeholder
collaboration in order to meet the evolving needs of society.o
Reference:
1. IFMA (2019). What is Facility Management? Available at https://www.ifma.org/about/what-is-facility-
management/what-is-fmstudents.

2. Ajanlekoko, J. S. (2001). Sustainable Housing Development

in Nigeria The Financial and
http://www.fig.net/pub/proceedings/nairobi/ajanlekokocm
ws1-1.pdf.

3. Timothy Besley et al. Government versus private ownership

of public goods Quarterly Journal of Economics (2001)
4. Ronald J. Daniels et al. An organizational analysis of the
public–private partnership in the provision of public
infrastructure In Rosenau (2000)
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