The Generation of '44

The Generation of '44
The Generation of '44 was one of the most representative literary generations of the 20th century
in El Salvador, and was called that because in 1944 a group of writers spoke out against the
dictatorship of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
Who ruled the country. This dictatorship would be harshly criticized by a group of Salvadoran
writers, each from their own literary and journalistic field. In this way, the writers of the
Generation of '44 played a very active role in the democratic movement that put an end to the
dictatorship in the country. This dictatorship would be harshly criticized by a group of Salvadoran
writers, each from their own literary and journalistic field. In this way, the writers of the
Generation of '44 played a very active role in the democratic movement that put an end to the
dictatorship. Edited by Jacob Pineda
Below are some of the writers who left a deep mark in the era of '44:
Hugo Lindo
He was born on October 13, 1917 in La Unión and died in San Salvador in 1985.
Salvadoran poet, novelist and short story writer whose poetry is characterized by its religious and
metaphysical imprint, as in the poem Catholic Biography of Pain (1943).
He was ambassador of El Salvador from 1952 to 1959 to the Republic of Colombia in 1959 - 1960.
His books are included among those required in Salvadoran Schools.
Among his literary production we find:
He set up an Altamar bookstore and gallery until the economic crisis forced him to close it.
As a jurist, he obtained the Gold Medal for his doctoral thesis Divorce in El Salvador; and after the
disappearance of the Organization of Central American States (ODECA), he published some
reflections on it, in Central American Integration before International Law (1971).
Poems:
 Eucharistic poem and others (1943)

 Book of Hours (1948)
 Symphony of the Limit (1953)
 Thirteen Moments (1959)
 Various Poetry (1961)
 River Navigator (1963)
 Just the Voice (1968)
 Ways to Rain (1969)
 This Little Always (1971)
 Vivaldi Resonance (1976)
 Here my Earth (1979)
 Easy Word (1985)
 Posthumous:
 Inordinateness (1992)
 Prologue to the Night (1999)
 Almost in the Light (1999)
 Tomorrow Will Be the Astonishment (three volumes of his complete poetry are published,
the first in 2006, the second in 2008 and the third in 2010)
Matilde Helena Lopez

He was born on February 20, 1919 and died on March 11, 2010. She was a professor.
During the 1940s he was part of the League of Antifascist Writers, a group of young writers with
leftist ideas. In April 1944, he participated in the popular movement that tried to overthrow the
government of the dictator Maximiliano Hernández Martínez. He completed his higher studies at
the University of San Carlos of Guatemala and at the Central University of Ecuador; In this last
study center, she obtained the title of Doctor of Philosophy and Letters.
Among his published works are:
 Masferrer, high thinker of Central America (essay, 1954),

 Social interpretation of art (essay, 1965),
 Dante, poet and citizen of the future (essay, 1965),
 Study-prologue to the Selected Works of Alberto Masferrer (1971),
 Study-prologue to the Selected Works of Claudia Lars (1973),
 Studies on poetry (essay, 1973),
 The Ballad of Anastasio Aquino (theater, 1978),
 The dark sobs (poetry, 1982),
 The verb to love (poetry, 1997) and
 Literary essays (compilation, 1998).
Oswaldo Escobar Velado

He was born in Santa Ana on September 11, 1919 and died in San Salvador on July 15, 1961. He
was a Salvadoran poet and lawyer.
His parents were Don Simón Escobar Vides and María Velado de Escobar, he achieved a Bachelor's
degree at the Externado San José de San Salvador; and a Doctor of Jurisprudence and Social
Sciences from the University of El Salvador. He collaborated on YSPy radio in El Diario de Hoy.
He displayed intense political and intellectual activity against the totalitarianisms of the time, a
fact that earned him exile in Costa Rica and Guatemala in 1944 and 1945. His work is of a social
nature, and he was also part of the so-called GROUP SIX.
Velado had a great influence on the Salvadoran poets of the 1950s. According to Matilde Elena
López:
Among his works we find:
 Poems with eyes closed, poetry, Guayaquil, 1943.
 10 sonnets for a thousand and more workers, poetry, San Salvador, 1950.
 Tree of struggle and hope, poetry, San Salvador, 1951.
 Volcano in time, poetry, San Salvador, 1955.
Fragment of his poetry
CHRISTAMERICA
come see with me
this map of my sulphurous and volcanic land.
Come see this pain that explodes
imprisoned between its two oceans.
I have the map here.

Pay close attention to this simple pointing hand.
On this man's hand without papal rings.
I'm going to touch a Christ.
Yes, yes, here it is.
His wounded head on the plain of Mexico,
his crown of thorns formed
with the hero children
of the tricolor flag
of the eagle, the moon and the serpent.
Come see my torn map.

See the body of Christ and his blue veins.
Suchiate offers him a sponge with water
and a hand takes away the kindness of that gesture
so river and so high.
From CRISTOAMERICA, San Salvador, 1959.
By Alejandra Marisol Vásquez Melara
Jose Maria Mendez
He was born in Santa Ana on September 23, 1916, he is known as Chema Mendéz, he was a
Salvadoran lawyer and writer, he studied at the Marcelino School where he met Hungo Lindo.
He completed his doctorate at Jesús Prudencia and is at the University of El Salvador, graduating in
1941 with 19 theses, a confession in Criminal matters. He died on April 14, 2006.
 Wooden Wagons (1958)
 The Miracle of the Bread and the Fish (1959)
 The Innocents of Moncloa (1961)
 The Cartagena Chalk Circle (1963)
 The Madriz Quinquis (1967)
 Weddings that were famous from Pingajo and Fandanga (1965)

 Autumn Flower (1973)
 History of a Few (1975)
 The black hand
 The Mormons
Ricardo Trigeros de León
He was born in Ahuchapan, on November 13, 1917 and died on May 20, 1965.
He was a Salvadoran poet, journalist, lawyer and literary critic. He died prematurely at the age of
48. His person had all the essential characteristics in the publishing profession, knowledge of
printing techniques, management skills and love of books.
 Bell tower
 Spikenard and Star
 Presence of the rose
 Carved in wood
 Profile in the air
 Town
Pedro Geoffroy Rivas

He was born in Santa Ana on September 16, 1908 and died on November 10, 1979. He was a
Salvadoran teacher, anthropologist, poet and linguist. His pseudonym was Tío Pito. Its first
publication appeared in the Diario de Santa Ana in the month of November 1927, with the verse
titled The Search. He also participated in Crisol Magazine. In the city of San Salvador he studied
Medicine, but in 1931 he moved to Mexico to study Law at the National Autonomous University of
Mexico. In 1939 he obtained his diploma, and the topic of his graduation thesis was the Marxist
Theory of the State. Precisely, in Mexico he began to publish his first collections of poems in which
an “aspect of political denunciation” was outlined, and he also made translations of works by
authors such as Bruno Traven. He received the national culture award in 1977.
Among his literary production we have:

 Stupidities, manuscript (1927).
 Songs in the wind, poetry (1933).
 Rumbo, poetry (1935).
 To sing tomorrow, poetry (1935).
 Homeland, poetry (1944).
 Hopeful geography of pain, poetry (1946).
 Without death now, poetry (1947).
 Trains of the exile, poetry (1949).
 Juan Pueblo sings again, poetry (1950).
 Usulutan in Mexico, essay (1956).
 Undated letters to you, poetry (1957).
 Nahuat toponymy of Cuscatlán, linguistics (1961).
 Yucuilcat, poetry (1965).
 The nawat of Cuscatlán. Notes for a tentative grammar, linguistics (1969).
 The Spanish we speak in El Salvador, linguistics (1975).
 The grandchildren of the jaguar, poetry (1977).
THE GENERATION OF '44 AND THE COMMITTED GENERATION

The Generation of '44 was one of the most representative literary generations of the 20th
century in El Salvador, and was called that because in 1944 a group of writers spoke out
against the dictatorship of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, who ruled the country.
This dictatorship would be harshly criticized by a group of Salvadoran writers, each from their
own literary and journalistic field. In this way, the writers of the Generation of '44 played a very
active role in the democratic movement that put an end to the dictatorship.
The Generation of '44 was transformed from 2 literary groups:
 “Group 6” (by the number of its members).

 Committee of anti-fascist and free world writers and artists.
The contribution of the Generation of '44 was the fact of speaking out about the authoritarian
regime in newspapers, magazines, conferences and in intellectual meetings;
They also produced works of great merit and situations that caused them persecution and
exile were made publicly known.
This Generation was also known as the Dictatorship Generation, the anti-Martinazo generation
and the anti-fascist generation.
Characteristics of the Generation of '44

 Denouncing social and political injustices.
 Fight for humanity, to raise the conditions of human beings mired in poverty.
 Work projects by each author from each artistic and literary specialty.
 Academic demand and quality in the literary production of each one.
In the decade of 1944, a group of writers reached maturity, including Pedro Geoffroy Rivas
(1908-1979), Hugo Lindo (1917-1985), José María Méndez (1916), Matilde Elena López
(1922), Julio Fausto Fernández , Oswaldo Escobar Velado, Luis Gallegos Valdés, Antonio
Gamero and Ricardo Trigueros de León. Pedro Geoffroy Rivas produced a lyrical work marked
by the avant-garde and, in addition, he carried out important work to rescue indigenous
traditions and popular language. The poetry of Oswaldo Escobar Velado has a clear existential
concern and an essential component of denunciation of social injustices. José María Méndez
and Hugo Lindo explored new frontiers of narrative.
Colonel Oscar Osorio

Numerous writings from this generation played a very active role in the democratic movement
that put an end to the dictatorship of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez.
However, some of them actively collaborated with the regime of Colonel Óscar Osorio.
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

Within a project of modernization of the State, Osorio promoted one of the most ambitious
cultural policies in the history of El Salvador. To cite an example, through the Editorial
Department of the Ministry of Culture (later Publications Directorate of the Ministry of
Education), under the energetic direction of the writer Ricardo Trigueros de León, a wide-
ranging editorial work was developed, which constituted, time, a decisive step in laying the
foundations of the canon of Salvadoran literature.
In parallel, a process took place that would affect the development of literature; the rise and
universalization of the culture industry. By 1950 it was quite clear that the mass media were
displacing the fine arts and traditional popular culture as generators of imaginary references for
the population. In this situation, literature was relegated to an uncomfortable marginality. This
weakness made artistic work an easy hostage to the military regime, increasingly delegitimized
by corruption and the absence of political freedoms.

The Generation of '44

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Generation of '44

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Generation of '44

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Generation of '44

Among his literary production we find:

 Eucharistic poem and others (1943)

Matilde Helena Lopez

Among his published works are:

 Masferrer, high thinker of Central America (essay, 1954),

Oswaldo Escobar Velado

Among his works we find:

 Poems with eyes closed, poetry, Guayaquil, 1943.

 Tree of struggle and hope, poetry, San Salvador, 1951.

 Volcano in time, poetry, San Salvador, 1955.

Fragment of his poetry

I have the map here.

Come see my torn map.

From CRISTOAMERICA, San Salvador, 1959.

By Alejandra Marisol Vásquez Melara

Jose Maria Mendez

Among his works we find:

 Wooden Wagons (1958)

 The Miracle of the Bread and the Fish (1959)

 The Innocents of Moncloa (1961)

 The Cartagena Chalk Circle (1963)

 The Madriz Quinquis (1967)

 Weddings that were famous from Pingajo and Fandanga (1965)

 History of a Few (1975)

 The black hand

Ricardo Trigeros de León

Among his works we find:

Pedro Geoffroy Rivas

Among his literary production we have:

THE GENERATION OF '44 AND THE COMMITTED GENERATION

 “Group 6” (by the number of its members).

Characteristics of the Generation of '44

Colonel Oscar Osorio

Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.