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SDS Career Explorer

sds career explorer

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
55 views4 pages

SDS Career Explorer

sds career explorer

Uploaded by

nazmie musliu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Self-Directed Search (SDS) Career Explorer is a self-administered assessment of a

student’s career interests. It provides students an easy-to-understand way to learn about


themselves, their educational and career plans, and the world of work. The SDS Career
Explorer may be used on its own or as part of a more comprehensive program in career
exploration and educational planning. This form of the SDS is designed to be used with junior
high and middle school students—young people in an early stage of vocational and educational
planning. Although the SDS Career Explorer is not intended to tell a student at this stage
specifically what occupation or educational path he or she should pursue, it is an effective and
interesting way to get students to begin thinking about their futures and to discover things about
themselves that may help with their future career decision making.
Students using the SDS Career Explorer are not expected to have a great deal of occupational
information or experience. The aim is to introduce students to the idea of vocational planning,
provide a broad range of careers to think about, and suggest ways to get additional information
about careers.

TheRIASEC Theory1
The SDS Career Explorer uses a scientific classification of vocational personalities and
occupations to help students learn about themselves and about careers. This classification of
persons and occupations was originally developed by psychologist Dr. John L. Holland.
Vocational Personalities
As young people learn and gain experience, they acquire distinctive patterns of interests,
competencies, activity preferences, and self-perceptions. Holland’s classification of vocational
personalities organizes these individual differences using six general categories. These six
personality types are Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and
Conventional.
No person is exactly like any one of these six personality types, but each of us can be described
as resembling the six types to a greater or lesser degree.
For example, a person who resembles the Realistic personality type tends to prefer working
with things such as tools and machines, values concrete and practical accomplishment, sees
himself or herself as having mechanical skills, and may see himself or herself as lacking in
social or interpersonal skills.
In contrast, a person who resembles the Social personality type prefers helping other people by
teaching or healing them. A Social person sees himself or herself as having interpersonal skills
and may avoid technical or mechanical activities.
Figure 1 defines the personality types by showing the preferences, values, competencies, and
activities characteristic of each type.

1From Career Exploration and Decision Skills Program by G. D. Gottfredson, 1992, Baltimore, MD: Author. Copyright 1991 by Gary D.
Gottfredson. Adapted by permission.

PAR Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. • 16204 N. Florida Avenue • Lutz, FL 33549 • 1.800.331.8378 • www.parinc.com

Copyright © 1994 by Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced in whole or in part in
any form or by any means without written permission of Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.
987654 Reorder #RO-2567 Printed in the U.S.A.
Work Environments
Different occupations require different skills and provide different rewards and challenges to
those who work in them. Holland's classification system organizes occupational information
by grouping together those occupations that make similar demands on workers and that
reward similar behavior.

Realistic Investigative Artistic Social Enterprising Conventional

Likes activities Using machines, Exploring and Reading books, Helping, Persuading Following
and occupations tools, and understanding musical or teaching, or directing orderly
things things and artistic healing, others routines,
events activities, counseling, meeting
writing or serving clear
others standards

Values Money rewards Knowledge, Creative ideas, Working Money and Making
for observable learning emotions, or for the social status money: having
accomplishments feelings welfare power in
of others, social, business,
social service or political
affairs

Sees self as Practical, Analytical, Open to Understanding Having more Having better
conservative, intelligent, experience, how others sales and technical skills
and having skeptical, and innovative, feel, patient, persuasive in business
better manual having better intellectual, and and having ability or production
and mechanical academic skills having better more social than than artistic
skills than than social creative skills skills than scientific abilities
social skills skills than clerical or mechanical ability
office skills ability

Seen by Normal, frank* Intelligent, Unusual, Helpful, Having Careful,


others as introverted disorderly, agreeable, energy, liking following
creative outgoing to be with rules
other people

Avoids Interaction with Having to Routines and Mechanical Scientific, Work that
other people persuade others rules and technical intellectual, or does not
or sell them activity complicated have clear
things topics directions

Note. From Career Exploration and Decision Skills Program by G. D. Gottfredson. 1992. Baltimore. MD: Author. Copyright 1991 by Gary D.
Gottfredson. Adapted by permission.

Figure 1. Interest types.

The occupational categories have names that parallel the personality types: Realistic,
Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional. No work environment
resembles one environmental type exactly, but we can describe any occupation or work
environment according to its degree of resemblance to the six categories.
For example, the occupation of Bookkeeper most resembles the Conventional occupational
type because it requires careful record keeping, following conventional rules, and encour­
ages an orderly and traditional outlook. In contrast, the occupation of Actor most resembles
the Artistic occupational type because it rewards originality, creativity, and artistic expres­
sion while allowing unconventional or flexible outlooks.
3
Figure 2 defines work, environments by showing the requirements, rewards, styles allowed
expression, and activities characteristic of each environment.

Realistic Investigative Artistic Social Enterprising Conventional

Requires Manual and Analytical, Creative Skill in Skill in Clerical skills,


mechanical technical, ability, teaching, persuading skill in
skills using scientific skills; emotional treating, others or meeting
machines, writing or expression or healing getting precise
tools, and talking skills others others to standards for
objects do things performance

Rewards Following Thinking Imagination Empathy, Initiative, Ability to


rules, practical long and hard in writing, humanitar­ financial plan work,
accomplish­ to understand art. or music ianism, ambition, conformity,
ments and solve sociability, assertiveness, dependability
tough problems, friendliness self-confidence
writing about
new knowledge

Values or Practical, Learning by Unusual Concern for Power- Traditional


personal styles productive, reading, study, ideas or the welfare oriented outlook and
expressed and concrete or investigation manners, of others styles, concern for
values; strong, artistic responsibility, orderliness
risky, adven­ values leadership and routine
turous styles

Occupations Physical or Research or Creative Working with Selling, Working with


involve practical intellectual work in music, others in a leading, things,
activity; use activity aimed writing, helpful way persuading numbers, or
of machines, at problem performance, others machines to
tools, materials solving or sculpture; to attain meet specified
creation and use intellectual goals standards
of knowledge work

Sample Carpenter, Psychologist, Musician, Counselor, Lawyer, Production


occupations truck driver, microbiologist, interior clergy retail store editor, clerk,
rancher chemist designer, member, manager, accountant
editor teacher manufacturer's
representative

Note. From Career Exploration and Decision Skills Program by G. D. Gottfredson. 1992. Baltimore. MD: Author. Copyright 1991 by Gary D.
Gottfredson. Adapted by permission.

Figure 2. Occupation types.

Similarities Among Types


Some vocational types are closely related to others, and some types are particularly different. For
example, the Investigative and Artistic personality types are similar because both tend to involve
intellectual activity. Enterprising and Social personality types are similar because both involve
dealing with people; and Conventional and Realistic types are similar because both involve
traditional, concrete outlooks.

4
The hexagonal arrangement shown in Figure 3 of this guide summarizes the similarities and
differences among types. Realistic and Social personality types are distant from each other
on the personality hexagon because one involves things (while avoiding people) and the
other involves people (while avoiding machines or tools). Conventional and Artistic person­
ality types are distant from each other on the hexagon because one involves orderliness and
conformity and the other involves spontaneity and nonconformity.
Similarly, the hexagonal arrangement of work environments shows Investigative and
Enterprising occupations far apart because Investigative environments require skepticism
and analysis whereas Enterprising environments reward enthusiasm and persuasiveness.

Figure 3. The RIASEC hexagon of vocational personalities.

If you would like more information about the RIASEC theory, you may wish to read Making
Vocational Choices (Holland, 1985a) or the Self-Directed Search Professional User’s Guide
(Holland, Powell, & Fritzsche, 1994).

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