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Answer Key and Marking Scheme: Q.No Answers Marks

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18 views

Answer Key and Marking Scheme: Q.No Answers Marks

Uploaded by

Sunshine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Answer key and Marking Scheme

Q.No Answers Marks

Q.239 A. P 1

Q.240 D. A is false, but R is true. 1

Q.241 A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation for A. 1

Q.242 C. only Y and Z 1

Q.243 C. either 10%, 1% or 0.1% 1

Q.244 A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation for A. 1

Q.245 A. 383 kcal 1

Q.246 A. only X 1

Q.247 A. Deforestation 1

Q.248 A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation for A. 1

Q.249 (a) because the climax species makes the environment non-conducive for the 2
pioneer species
(b) mesophytic

Q.250 1 mark each for any three of the following: 3


- Natural ecosystems are self-sustaining whereas man-made ecosystems
require the assistance of humans.
- The nutrient cycle starts and ends in the same ecosystem in natural
ecosystems whereas in man-made ecosystems the nutrient cycle may begin in
one place and end in another.
- Individuals of a species may be scattered throughout the geography in
natural ecosystems whereas species are present in close proximity in man-
made ecosystems.
- Interactions are spontaneous in natural ecosystems whereas they are
controlled by humans in man-made ecosystems.
[Accept any other valid points.]

Q.251 (a) 0.5 marks for the correct formula and 0.5 marks for the correct answer: 2
NPP = GPP - R
NPP = 800 - 200 = 600 kilocalories/m2

Competency Focused Practice Questions | Biology | Grade 12 141


(b) The low water availability and other conditions are not unfavourable for
rapid photosynthesis.

Q.252 1 mark for each of the following: 2


- Yes, it is.
- In a fish farm, fish interact with each other as well as the physical
environment created for them making it an ecosystem.
[No marks to be allotted if correct justification is not provided.]

Q.253 1 mark for each of the following: 3


(a) Faeces are available to decomposers and so are not completely removed
from the food web.
(b) Not all biomass produced by producers is consumed by herbivores, a lot is
lost and is available to decomposers.
(c) Sunlight is a largely limiting factor, especially in deep ocean layers, making
photosynthesis and therefore productivity low.
[Accept any other valid answer.]

Q.254 (a) 0.5 marks for each of the following: 3


- coconut husks
- higher lignin content reduces the rate of decomposition
(b) 1 mark for each of the following:
- It would be slower.
- Marshy soils tend to have less oxygen availability/anaerobic conditions exist
which reduces the rate of decomposition.

Q.255 - Yes it does. 2


- Energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy by photosynthesis
which is then transferred through various trophic levels as chemical energy or
utilised to produce heat energy.
[No marks to be awarded if justification is not provided.]

Q.256 0.5 marks for identifying if true or false and 0.5 marks for the justification: 3
(a)
- False.
- Energy is always highest in the first trophic level and reduces as we move up
the pyramid.
(b)
- True.

Competency Focused Practice Questions | Biology | Grade 12 142


- Since the biomass of zooplankton is greater it is likely that more individuals
are present per unit area than phytoplankton which is possible when
organisms do not die fast but reproduce fast.
(c)
- True.
- Since a lower amount of food will be available to the higher trophic levels, it
is likely to be unstable over time.
[Accept any other valid justification. No marks are to be awarded for writing
true/false if the correct justification is not provided.]

Q.257 1 mark for each of the following: 2


(a) As pioneer species and then seral plant communities grow in a xeric
environment, they increase the moisture content in the environment as they
perform their physiological processes making the environment mesic.
(b) A mesic environment provides an ambient environment with the right
moisture content for the growth of most species.
[Accept any other valid justification.]

Competency Focused Practice Questions | Biology | Grade 12 143

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