INDIVIDUAL REPORT ~ GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES

2023

CRYPTOCURRENCY
CRYPTOCURRENCY AS A INVESTMENT OPPURTINUITY
MITTUN MANIGANDAN
I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 2

A. EXPLANATION OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION AND OBJECTIVES ............................ 2

II. WHAT IS CRYPTOCURRENCY? ................................................................................. 2

A. DEFINITION AND BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CRYPTOCURRENCY ..................................................... 2
B. INTRODUCTION TO BLOCKCHAIN
TECHNOLOGY ...................................................................................... 2

III. HISTORY OF CRYPTOCURRENCY .............................................................................. 3

A. OVERVIEW OF THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF MAJOR CRYPTOCURRENCIES ........................... 3
B. KEY MILESTONES AND NOTABLE EVENTS ............................................................................................ 3

IV. ADVANTAGES AND RISKS OF CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS ........................................ 4

A. RISKS AND CHALLENGES OF CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS .......................................................... 4
1. VOLATILITY AND PRICE FLUCTUATIONS ........................................................................................... 4
2. REGULATORY UNCERTAINTIES AND LEGAL RISKS ............................................................................ 4
3. SECURITY VULNERABILITIES AND RISK OF HACKS ............................................................................ 4
4. LACK OF MAINSTREAM ADOPTION AND ACCEPTANCE ................................................................... 5

B. ADVANTAGES OF CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS ........................................................................... 5

1. POTENTIAL FOR THE EXACT PURPOSE OF HIGH RETURNS AND GROWTH ...................................... 5
2. DECENTRALIZATION AND FREEDOM FROM TRADITIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS .................... 5
3. LIQUIDITY AND EASE OF TRANSACTIONS ......................................................................................... 5

V. . EVALUATING CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS ......................................................... 6

A. TYPES OF CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS (BUYING AND HOLDING, TRADING, .............................. 6
MINING) ........................................................................................................................................................ 6
B. CONSIDERATIONS FOR SELECTING CRYPTOCURRENCIES TO INVEST IN .............................................. 7

VI. REGULATION, INVESTOR PROTECTION AND FUTURE TRENDS ........................................... 8

A. OVERVIEW OF CRYPTOCURRENCY REGULATIONS ............................................................................... 8

B. INVESTOR PROTECTION MEASURES AND POTENTIAL RISKS ................................................................ 9

1.POTENTIAL RISKS ......................................................................................................................... 9
2 INVESTOR PROTECTION ..................................................................................................................... 9

C. EXPLORATION OF FUTURE TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE CRYPTOCURRENCY MARKET ...... 10

VII. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................. 10

A. SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS AND INSIGHTS ..................................................................................... 10 B.
ANSWERING THE RESEARCH QUESTION BASED ON THE EVIDENCE PRESENTED .............................. 10
C. BRIEF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS CONSIDERING CRYPTOCURRENCY INVESTMENTS .. 10

VIII. REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 11

X. WORKS CITED ..........................................................................................................
13

I. Introduction

A. Explanation of the research question and objectives

Is cryptocurrency a good form of investment? No because they have a lot of risks in them
and they are still a unknown myth which isn’t discovered completely and most of the people
aren’t aware of this and they can be scammed with this. We will be reviewing how this
actually work, what are the risks in this, how will this affect the society and how it has
developed across the world.

II. What is Cryptocurrency?

A. Definition and basic characteristics of cryptocurrency

Crypto currency is a form of digital currency but not in the way of digital currency we use in day-
today life for the exact purpose of example the UPI and other bank transactions they are digital
transactions. A digital currency uses cryptographic technology to manage the currency to secure
transactions and create new units of the virtual currency. The fiat money we use in the daily along
the lines of if based on banks and governments but this runs on a decentralized network. One of the
main characteristics of crypto currency is it uses blockchain technology, which means there is no
middle person managing our translations along the lines of a bank it’s a peer-to-peer model, the
transactions are verified and recorded on a distributed ledger called the blockchain. (STATSCICS;
TRENDMICRO, n.d.)

B. Introduction to blockchain technology

Blockchain is a decentralized system with no central authorities along the lines of other bank or the
government. Each block in the chain contains set of information which combines to make into a one
whole information which is the blockchain. It has a secure and a transparent transection, the
information is entered into a digital ledger which leads to no need of any central authority, when a
data is entered into the digital ledger the information cannot be either altered or deleted. Blockchain
eliminates the need of middle man services along the lines of banks and other financial intuitions.
Block chain is not only used for the exact purpose of cryptocurrency but to manage other things
along the lines of supply chain management, voting systems and more. Anyhow there are some
disadvantages along the lines of it isn’t wide open and the tech behind it is not easy to understand to
the public, and the risk to the environment the particular reason for circumstance of this, the
particular reason for circumstance Mining (it is a process of adding new transactions records to the
blockchain ledger using powerful computers to solve complex mathematical problems. In return
they get minted coins as a transaction fee) consumes a huge amount of power. (SIMPLILEARN,
n.d.)

[figure 1]

III. History of Cryptocurrency

A. Overview of the origins and development of major cryptocurrencies

BITCOIN: This all begin in 2009. The first ever cryptocurrency Bitcoin, was created by the
anonyms man knows as Satoshi Nakamoto, this cryptocurrency has the most market capitalization.
This was the first ever crypto currency to run decentralized without any central authority. Bit has a
limit of 21 million and as of 2016 June 16.4 million bitcoin were in circulation. In recent times
bitcoin has gained more popularity and considered one of the major crypto currencies.

LITECOIN: Then later came into play Litecoin, it was released in 2011 Oct by Charles Lee and it
was referred as the “silver to bitcoin’s gold”. This was designed to be faster and cheaper than the
first ever cryptocurrency bitcoin. This has a limit over 84 million which is 4 times of bitcoin and
this also considered

ETHEREUM: Ethereum was invented by vitalik buterin in 2013 and was introduced as a new
concept of cryptocurrency. It runs as an open source-based platform and its token is known as ether
and it also allows users to develop decentralized apps (dapps) In 2014, Ethereum conducted an
online public crowd sale of ether, raising US$18 million worth of bitcoins.

This event marked the beginning of the ICO trend, where cryptocurrency projects raise funds by
selling tokens to investors. (ACM DIGITAL LIBRARY, n.d.)

B. Key milestones and notable events

2009: Bitcoin is created by a anonyms guy Satoshi Nakamoto and it becomes the first ever
decentralized cryptocurrency.

2011: Litecoin is release by Charles lee using a similar technology to bitcoin

2013: Ethereum was found by vitalik buterin an open-source version of cryptocurrency, where
we can develop apps based on decentralized system also known as dapps.
2014: Ethereum conducts an online public crowd sale of ether, raising US$18 million worth of bitcoins. This event
marks the beginning of the ICO trend, where cryptocurrency projects raise funds by selling tokens to
investors.
2017: Bitcoin reaches an all-time high of nearly $20,000 per coin, bringing cryptocurrencies into
the mainstream media spotlight
2018: The cryptocurrency market experiences a significant downturn, with many coins losing a
significant portion of their value. This leads to increased regulatory scrutiny and a shift in focus
towards blockchain technology rather than just cryptocurrencies.
2021: Tesla announces that it has invested $1.5 billion in Bitcoin and will accept it as payment for
the exact purpose of its products. This marks a significant milestone in the adoption of
cryptocurrencies by mainstream businesses.
(PROQUEST, n.d.)

IV. Advantages and Risks of Cryptocurrency Investments

A. Risks and Challenges of Cryptocurrency Investments

1. Volatility and price fluctuations
The cryptocurrency market is highly volatile, it has a daily minimum 22% drawdown. There are
significant price fluctuations and rapid changes within the value of cryptocurrency. However, the
values of the cryptocurrency change mainly by the sentiment of the investor rather than the change
in fundamental of the currency.

2. Regulatory uncertainties and legal risks

The regulators of crypto currency, they are still in progress and there is no proper guide or a tutorial to get
started with this. Government is trying to learn over this new form of digital currency and reduce frauds in
this as well as they are trying to implement a proper way to gain income in a way of tax from
cryptocurrency. Therefore, cryptocurrency is still in its infancy stage and still growing we couldn’t make and
get start guide for the exact purpose of it and it has a frequently changing manners so that also makes it
difficult to make up a guide for the exact purpose of it. (MDPI, n.d.)

3. Security vulnerabilities and risk of hacks

Even though blockchain is one of the most safety and most protected network it also has been into
theft. The infamous Mt. Gox theft serves as a prime example of a breach in security, resulting in
significant losses for the exact purpose of legitimate coin owners. In February 2014, Mt. Gox, one
of the larges (Baauw, 2022) (Baauw, 2022)t Bitcoin exchanges at the time, experienced a massive
hack that led to the theft of millions of dollars' worth of bitcoin. These incidents highlight the
importance of security measures within the cryptocurrency ecosystem. While cryptocurrencies offer
cryptographic proof and pseudo-anonymity, users must remain vigilant and take precautions to
protect their assets. This includes using secure wallets, being cautious of potential risks associated
with exchanges and online platforms, and staying informed about the latest security practices.

4. Lack of mainstream adoption and acceptance

Cryptocurrency isn’t much popular to the outer world the particular reason for circumstance there is
no proper guide or a tutorial as said before. Just the particular reason for circumstance there is no
middle man in this, there is no one to advertise about this or teach the outer world how to get into
cryptocurrency. Unless you make your own time and research about it wouldn’t know anything
about this. (THE PHYSICAL AND DIGITAL OF INVESTING , n.d.)

B. Advantages of Cryptocurrency Investments

1. Potential for the exact purpose of high returns and growth

Investing in stocks real-estate or any ither work of investment gives a really good amount of returns
and these are the most aware terms when it comes to investment, but cryptocurrency as an
investment is something to be concerned about the particular reason for circumstances this is a
platform where not everyone is aware of it. Actually, investing in cryptocurrency will give you a
high return when you have proper research on them, some don’t have much knowledge about them
and blindly invest on them which already have high risk. When you really want to invest in
cryptocurrencies you should make proper research and then before investing you should ask a
professional who is already skilled in this to alter your plan and tailor it to the proper manner to see
profit and not much of loss.

2. Decentralization and freedom from traditional financial institutions

Our normal fiat currency which is not digital and has a lot of complications along the lines of we
need a middle man along the lines of banks or the government. But cryptocurrency is a peer-to-peer
technology so there will be no need of middle man in this and what this type of digital money can
do is make a truthless straight forward way for the exact purpose of money and all the transactions
are recorded and can never be erased so it is easy to monitor and theft in this type of currency would
be difficult unless and until your trained on this type of systems. (MEDIUM, n.d.) (analyticsinsight,
n.d.)

3. Liquidity and ease of transactions

Cryptocurrencies, along the lines of Bitcoin and Ethereum, offer high liquidity and ease of
transactions. They are digital assets that can be bought and sold on various cryptocurrency
exchanges. Transactions can be executed quickly and conveniently using online platforms or mobile
applications. Cryptocurrencies operate on blockchain technology, enabling peer-to-peer transactions
without the need for the exact purpose of intermediaries. This decentralized nature, combined with
the global accessibility of cryptocurrencies, contributes to their liquidity and ease of trading.
However, it's important to note that cryptocurrency markets can be highly volatile, requiring caution
and research when engaging in transactions. (EARLY BIRD, n.d.)

V. Evaluating Cryptocurrency Investments

A. Types of cryptocurrency investments (buying and holding, trading,

mining)

All of these are a type of investments in cryptocurrency, each has its own benefits and its
disadvantage as well. So, we will look into it further. Buying and holding comes under the same
process where the wallet owner buys an amount of cryptocurrency and then holds onto it for the
exact purpose of a long period of time hoping the values of the currency would increase in the
future. This is similar to the stocks trading where they buy a stock and wait until it reaches a good
amount of value from the value when they bought it and they sell it and that’s how they get profit
this applies to the crypto way also. Trading is similar to the buying and holding method but for the
exact purpose of a short period of time for the exact purpose of example I get 10 bitcoins in 11am
and wait until it reaches its highest price and I sell it to see profit, but this also has high risks the
price of the bitcoin may drop. Even this is also as same as how they do it in stocks in the same
method but with stock. Mining is not the same, we were looking the same form factor in the past
two way of investments which are also related to stock trading but in here mining is a whole
different concept which was explained previously. Mining is a process where high end powerful
computers are used to solve complex mathematical formulas and they are rewarded with the crypto
coins, those coins are transferred into money. This way of investment has less amount of risks but
this takes a large amount of investments for the exact purpose of example the gear and the place to
setup the gear, the electricity cost and the air ventilations the cooling for the exact purpose of the
whole system this would cost a whole lot of investment to start this but there will be no risks in this
way. (TOPTAL, n.d.)
 B. Considerations for selecting cryptocurrencies to invest in

There are so many factors to keep a check on, some of the main factors are:

x Market reputation x Market

capitalization x Technology

and innovation x

Development team x

Adoption and use cases x

Security and privacy x

Regulatory environment x
Market liquidity

Market reputation:
Make sure you do proper research on what cryptocurrency you are investing on, the
reputation on market for the cryptocurrency. How popular the crypto is actually for example bitcoin
this is one of the most popular and first ever cryptocurrency to evolve this has been a logo for the
whole cryptocurrency community.

Market capitalization:
Market capitalization can be considered the total value of the coin in the market circulation.
The higher market capitulation more the stable the coin is.

(springer link , n.d.)

Technology and innovation:

Assess the underlying technology and innovation of a cryptocurrency. Look for cryptocurrencies that offer
unique features, improvements over existing systems, or solve real-world problems.

Development team:
Research the development team behind the cryptocurrency. Look for experienced and
reputable individuals who have a track record of successful projects and contributions to the crypto
community.
Adoption and Use Cases:
Consider the level of adoption and real-world use cases for the cryptocurrency. Look for
cryptocurrencies that have partnerships with established companies or are being used in practical
applications.

Security and Privacy:

Evaluate the security measures and privacy features of the cryptocurrency. Look for
cryptocurrencies that prioritize security and offer robust encryption protocols.

Regulatory Environment:
Consider the regulatory environment surrounding the cryptocurrency. Look for
cryptocurrencies that operate within a clear legal framework and comply with relevant regulations.

Market Liquidity:
Assess the liquidity of the cryptocurrency, which refers to how easily it can be bought or
sold without significantly impacting its price. Higher liquidity provides more flexibility for trading
and investment activities.

Conduct thorough research and consider consulting with financial professionals before making any
investment decisions.
(analyticsinsight, n.d.)

VI. Regulation, Investor Protection and Future Trends

C. Overview of cryptocurrency regulations

Cryptocurrency is still in its infancy stage of development, But which we also expect a rapid growth
because it is a expanding industry and a lot of young generations are interested in it because of
effort it need to earn, most of them consider this as a very good way of investment just like trading,
but trading is already evolved and plays a huge role when it comes to investments with its own rules
and regulations but as of cryptocurrency is still emerging its regulations are still in development but
the whole thing is in use. Each government are taking different approaches on this. Some
governments are taking rapid actions, some don’t even bother about this. In India’s case
cryptocurrency is still a

unsolved myth, but there are also people with good knowledge on cryptocurrency’s and investing
on them. (springer link , n.d.) (forbes advisor , n.d.) “When I spoke with a professional trader
who has been in that field for 5+ years and working on HDFC on that field, his idea on
cryptocurrency was a nightmare because the founder is still unknown just Satoshi Nakamoto
is not enough. He was clearly blank about this. He has made his own research on this and his
 view is, this is not a very safe place to investment because, I myself have read more than 15+
research papers, 100+ websites, a crash course on cryptocurrency and hours of videos on
cryptocurrency and its development I couldn’t find how it actually work. I know the process
but in depth its unclear. So that’s what his idea was also. “Maybe In future it may evolve.” is
what he said in last”. (forbes advisor , n.d.) (comply advantage, n.d.) So not everyone are aware of
this whole process. As of April 2015, 12 us states and Poerto Rico have intuit license protocol for
virtual coin operation. California has the most cryptographic activity. In 2015 cryptocurrency gain
legal activity in California, New York is current on its final stage of developing its regulations for
cryptocurrency. Australia has not been developed or take much of a step into cryptography or its
regulations, but it has its tax for the coinage system. It has the same tax regulation for trading and
make regulations for limit fraud and protect consumers. (comply advantage, n.d.)

D. Investor protection measures and potential risks

1. Potential risks

x Crypto currency is volatile and has no value as currency making them as a risk of
investment x

x Thealso
It bitcoin
can isbecontrolled
used to by some of
criminal the few unnamed
purposes entities,
like money makingorthem
laundering not
financing
terrorist because
trustable in nature. bitcoin is not monitored by the government which makes
criminals
interested
x It can lead to even more criminal activities due to lack of regulations by the
government.
(NAWANG, 2021)

2. Investor protection

x The investor protection are measures taken by regulators to safeguard investors x

Regulation on individual biasness activity and initial coin offering. x

x Addressing financial problems by regulating individual users and firms to

participate
The aim is to gain trust in investors and protect investors
(ACM DIGITAL LIBRARY, n.d.)
 A. Exploration of future trends and developments in the cryptocurrency market

The development of cryptocurrency in the future are so high and the predictions are so high. This
also can be used as a maniform of currency all over the globe but this will take a long time to
emerge but this will be a different way to earn and effective in my perspective.

VII. Conclusion
A. Summary of key findings and insights
Lets have a overview on what we have seen in this paper. In start we have had a look on what is
cryptocurrency, the definition, the characteristics and what is blockchain actually in total. later we
have seen history of cryptocurrency the origin, development and the key milestone and notable
event. Late we have seen a brief about what are the pros and cons in crypto investments. The risk
mostly contains the price fluctuations, security and lack of mainstream adoption and acceptance.
The advantages are the potential high returns and growth, freedom from traditional finical
instructions. cryptocurrency investments like for example types of investments in crypto and
considerations of investing in like what to invest in. the rules the regulations, investor protection
and the future of cryptocurrency are some things that are to be considered.

B. Answering the research question based on the evidence presented

This whole research motive was to find out that investing in cryptocurrency is a good option or no.
as of the whole research I have concluded and, in my opinion, currency in cryptocurrency is a good
way of investment. I may not be popular now but this will emerge for sure and have a great impact
on the society.

C. Brief recommendations for individuals considering cryptocurrency

investments

I would recommend investing on cryptocurrency as a individual after a long sit of research and
knowing hot it actually works and what are all the steps to be taken. There area lot of risks in this
platform. There are a lot of ways you can invest in cryptocurrency. Having proper research on how
to invest and where to invest will for sure lead you to profit in this platform.
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