FRONT & REAR SUSPENSION

SECTION SU
CONTENTS
FRONT SUSPENSION ....................................................2 WHEELARCH HEIGHT (UNLADEN*1) .......................16
Precautions ..................................................................2 WHEEL RUNOUT ....................................................16
PRECAUTIONS .........................................................2 WHEEL BALANCE ...................................................16
Preparation ..................................................................2 REAR SUSPENSION.....................................................17
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS ........................................2 Precautions ................................................................17
COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS ................................2 PRECAUTIONS .......................................................17
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Preparation ................................................................17
Troubleshooting ...........................................................4 COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS ..............................17
NVH TROUBLESHOOTING CHART ............................4 Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)
Components.................................................................5 Troubleshooting .........................................................17
On-vehicle Service.......................................................6 Components...............................................................18
FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS ...................................6 On-vehicle Service.....................................................19
BALANCING WHEELS ...............................................6 REAR SUSPENSION PARTS ...................................19
TIRE ROTATION .......................................................8 REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT .....................................19
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT .....................................8 Removal and Installation ...........................................22
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber ...............................10 REMOVAL ...............................................................23
COMPONENTS .......................................................10 INSTALLATION........................................................23
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................11 Coil Spring and Shock Absorber ...............................23
DISASSEMBLY ........................................................11 REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................23
INSPECTION ...........................................................11 DISASSEMBLY ........................................................24
ASSEMBLY .............................................................12 INSPECTION ...........................................................24
Stabilizer Bar .............................................................12 ASSEMBLY .............................................................24
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................12 Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod ............25
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint .......................13 DISASSEMBLY ........................................................25
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ...............................13 INSPECTION ...........................................................25
INSPECTION ...........................................................13 ASSEMBLY .............................................................25
Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................15 Service Data and Specifications (SDS).....................27
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FRONT) .....................15 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (REAR) .......................27
FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*1) .............15 REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*) .................27
LOWER BALL JOINT ...............................................15
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Precautions

Precautions
PRECAUTIONS NLSU0001
+ When installing rubber parts, final tightening must be car-
ried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
Oil will shorten the life of rubber bushes. Be sure to wipe
off any spilled oil.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
+ After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel
alignment and adjust if necessary.
SBR686C + Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
+ Always torque brake lines when installing.
+ Lock nuts are unreusable parts; always use new ones.
When replacing, do not wipe the oil off the new lock nut
before tightening.

Preparation
SPECIAL SERVICE TOOLS NLSU0002

Tool number
Description
Tool name

HT72520000 Removing tie-rod outer end and lower ball joint

Ball joint remover

NT146

COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS NLSU0003

Tool name Description

Attachment Wheel align- Measure wheel alignment

ment a: Screw M24 x 1.5 pitch
b: 35 mm (1.38 in) dia.
c: 65 mm (2.56 in) dia.
d: 56 mm (2.20 in)
e: 12 mm (0.47 in)

NT148

1 Flare nut crowfoot Removing and installing each brake piping

2 Torque wrench a: 10 mm (0.39 in)

NT360

SU-2
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Preparation (Cont’d)

Tool name Description

Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring

NT717

SU-3
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting

Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)

Troubleshooting =NLSU0004
NVH TROUBLESHOOTING CHART NLSU0004S01
Use the chart below to help you find the cause of the symptom. If necessary, repair or replace these parts.

Refer to ROAD WHEEL

Refer to SUSPENSION

Refer to TIRES
AX-3, AX-22

in this chart.

in this chart.

in this chart.
SU-10, 22
SU-11, 23
SU-5, 18

SU-12

AX-10
SU-8

SU-8

BR-6

ST-5
—

—
Reference page
Bushing or mounting deterioration
Improper installation, looseness
Shock absorber deformation,

Incorrect wheel alignment

Deformation or damage
Suspension looseness

Incorrect air pressure

damage or deflection

Stabilizer bar fatigue

Possible Cause
and SUSPECTED
Parts interference

Incorrect tire size

Uneven tire wear

ROAD WHEEL
PARTS

DRIVE SHAFT

SUSPENSION
Non-uniformity
Spring fatigue

Out-of-round

STEERING
Imbalance

BRAKES
TIRES
AXLE
Noise × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Shake × × × × × × × × × × ×
SUSPENSION

Vibration × × × × × × × × ×

Shimmy × × × × × × × × × ×

Judder × × × × × × × ×

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling

Noise × × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Shake × × × × × × × × × × × × ×
Symptom

Vibration × × × × × ×
TIRES

Shimmy × × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Judder × × × × × × × × × × × ×

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × × × × ×
dling

Noise × × × × × × × × × ×

× × × × × × × × × ×
ROAD WHEEL

Shake

Shimmy,
× × × × × × × × ×
Judder

Poor quality
ride or han- × × × × × × ×
dling

×: Applicable

SU-4
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Components

Components NLSU0005

NAX008

1. Front suspension member 4. Member pin stay 6. Strut assembly

2. Stabilizer bar 5. Knuckle 7. Coil spring
3. Transverse link

SU-5
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service

On-vehicle Service
FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS NLSU0006
Check front axle and front suspension parts for excessive play,
cracks, wear or other damage.
+ Shake each front wheel to check for excessive play.
+ Make sure that cotter pin is inserted.
+ Retighten all axle and suspension nuts and bolts to the speci-
fied torque.
Tightening torque:
SMA525A Refer to “FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-5.
+ Check strut (shock absorber) for oil leakage or other damage.
+ Check suspension ball joint for grease leakage and ball joint
dust cover for cracks or other damage.
If ball joint dust cover is cracked or damaged, replace trans-
verse link.

SFA392B

+ Check spring height from top of wheelarch to the ground.

a) Vehicle must be unladen*, parked on a level surface, and tires
checked for proper inflation and wear (tread wear indicator
must not be showing).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
b) Bounce vehicle up and down several times before measuring.
Standard height: Refer to SDS, SU-16.
c) Spring height is not adjustable. If out of specification, check for
worn springs or suspension parts.
SFA818AA

+ Check suspension ball joint end play.

a) Jack up front of vehicle and set the stands.
b) Clamp dial indicator onto transverse link and place indicator tip
on lower edge of brake caliper.
c) Make sure front wheels are straight and brake pedal is
depressed.
d) Place a pry bar between transverse link and inner rim of road
wheel.
e) While raising and releasing pry bar, observe maximum dial
indicator value.
SSU031 Vertical end play: 0 mm (0 in)
f) If ball joint movement is beyond specifications, remove and
replace it.
BALANCING WHEELS NLSU0042
+ Adjust wheel balance using road wheel center.
Wheel balance (Maximum allowable unbalance):
Refer to SDS, SU-16.

SU-6
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Preliminary Inspection NLSU0042S01
Aluminum wheel NLSU0042S0101
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from aluminum wheel and mount on a tire balance
machine.
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration.
Wheel runout (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA975B
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

Steel wheel NLSU0042S0102

1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from steel wheel and mount wheel on a tire bal-
ance machine.
b. Set two dial indicators as shown in the illustration.
c. Set each dial indicator to 0.
d. Rotate wheel and check dial indicators at several points
around the circumference of the wheel.
e. Calculate runout at each point as shown below.
Radial runout = (A + B)/2
Lateral runout = (C + D)/2
f. Select maximum positive runout value and the maximum
negative value.
Add the two values to determine total runout.
In case a positive or negative value is not available, use the
maximum value (negative or positive) for total runout.
If the total runout value exceeds the limit, replace steel wheel.
Wheel runout:
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA981B 3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

SU-7
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
TIRE ROTATION NLSU0043
+ Do not include the T-type spare tire when rotating the tires.
Wheel nuts:
: 98 - 118 N·m (10.0 - 12.0 kg-m, 72 - 87 ft-lb)

SMA829C

FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT NLSU0045

Before checking front wheel alignment, be sure to make a prelimi-
nary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand
tools and mats in designated positions.

Camber, Caster and Kingpin Inclination NLSU0045S01

Camber, caster and kingpin inclination are preset at factory
and cannot be adjusted.
1. Measure camber, caster and kingpin inclination of both right
and left wheels with a suitable alignment gauge.
Camber, caster and kingpin inclination:
Refer to SDS, SU-15.
2. If camber, caster or kingpin inclination is not within
specification, inspect front suspension parts. Replace dam-
aged or worn out parts.
SRA096A

Toe-in NLSU0045S02
Measure toe-in using the following procedure.
WARNING:
+ Always perform the following procedure on a flat surface.
+ Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before
pushing it.
1. Bounce front of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
3. Put a mark on base line of tread (rear side) of both tires at the
same height as hub center. These are measuring points.
AFA050

4. Measure distance “A” (rear side).

5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in:
Refer to SDS, SU-15.

SFA234AC

SU-8
 FRONT SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
7. Adjust toe-in by varying the length of steering tie-rods.
a. Loosen lock nuts.
b. Adjust toe-in by screwing tie-rods in and out.
Standard length “L”:
Refer to ST-28, “SDS”.
c. Tighten lock nuts to specified torque.
Lock nut tightening torque:
Refer to ST-16, “POWER STEERING GEAR AND
LINKAGE”.
SFA486A

Front Wheel Turning Angle NLSU0045S03

1. Set wheels in straight-ahead position. Then move vehicle for-
ward until front wheels rest on turning radius gauge properly.
2. Rotate steering wheel all the way right and left; measure turn-
ing angle.
Do not hold the steering wheel on full lock for more than
15 seconds.
Wheel turning angle (Full turn):
Refer to SDS, SU-15.

SFA439BA

SU-9
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber

Coil Spring and Shock Absorber

COMPONENTS =NLSU0008

NAX009

1. Strut mount upper plate 8. Coil spring 15. Member pin stay
2. Strut spacer 9. Shock absorber 16. Suspension member
3. Strut mount insulator 10. Wheel hub and steering knuckle 17. Washer
4. Thrust bearing 11. Cotter pin 18. Bush
5. Upper spring seat 12. Transverse link 19. Clamp
6. Upper rubber seat 13. Washer 20. Stabilizer
7. Bound bumper rubber 14. Connecting rod

SU-10
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION =NLSU0009
+ Remove shock absorber fixing bolt and nut (to hoodledge).
+ Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle.

SFA956A

DISASSEMBLY NLSU0010
1. Set shock absorber on vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut.
+ Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.
2. Compress spring with Tool so that shock absorber mounting
insulator can be turned by hand.
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must be
tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.

SSU002

3. Remove piston rod lock nut.

SSU003

INSPECTION NLSU0011
Shock Absorber Assembly NLSU0011S01
+ Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both com-
pression and extension.
+ Check for oil leakage on welded or gland packing portions.
+ Check piston rod for cracks, deformation or other damage.
Replace if necessary.
Mounting Insulator and Rubber Parts NLSU0011S02
+ Check cemented rubber-to-metal portion for separation or
cracks. Check rubber parts for deterioration.
Replace if necessary.
Thrust Bearing NLSU0011S06
+ Check thrust bearing parts for abnormal noise or excessive
rattle in axial direction.
+ Replace if necessary.
Coil Spring NLSU0011S03
+ Check for cracks, deformation or other damage. Replace if
necessary.

SU-11
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
ASSEMBLY NLSU0012
+ When installing coil spring on strut, it must be positioned as
shown in the figure at left.

SFA508A

+ When installing spring seat, make sure that it is positioned as

shown.

SFA957A

Stabilizer Bar
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NLSU0017
+ Remove stabilizer bar.

SSU035

+ When installing stabilizer, make sure clamp faces in correct

direction.

NFA053

+ Check stabilizer for deformation or cracks. Replace if neces-

sary.
+ Check rubber bushings for deterioration or cracks. Replace if
necessary.
+ Check ball joint can rotate in all directions. If movement is not
smooth and free, replace stabilizer bar connecting rod.

ARA027

SU-12
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint

Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NLSU0018
1. Remove wheel bearing lock nut.
2. Remove tie-rod ball joint.
3. Remove strut lower bracket fixing bolts and nuts.
4. Separate drive shaft from knuckle by slightly tapping drive
shaft end.
Cover boots with shop towel so as not to damage them when
removing drive shaft.
SFA181A

5. Separate lower ball joint stud from knuckle with suitable tool.
Refer to AX-5, “FRONT AXLE — Wheel Hub and Knuckle”.

SFA113AD

6. Remove fixing bolts.

7. Remove transverse link and lower ball joint.
8. During installation, final tightening must be carried out at curb
weight with tires on the ground.
Tightening torque:
Refer to “FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-10.
9. After installation, check wheel alignment. Refer to “ON-VE-
HICLE SERVICE — Front Wheel Alignment”, SU-8.

SSU033

INSPECTION NLSU0019
Transverse Link NLSU0019S01
+ Check transverse link for damage, cracks or deformation.
Replace it if necessary.
+ Check rubber bushing for damage, cracks and deformation.
Replace transverse link if necessary.

Lower Ball Joint NLSU0019S02

+ Check ball joint for play. Replace transverse link assembly if
any of the following cases occur. Ball stud is worn, play in axial
direction is excessive or joint is hard to swing.
Before checking, turn ball joint at least 10 revolutions so that
ball joint is properly broken in.
Swinging force “A”:
(measuring point: cotter pin hole of ball stud):
7.8 - 82.4 N (0.8 - 8.4 kg, 1.8 - 18.5 lb)
Turning torque “B”:
SFA858A 0.50 - 4.90 N·m (5.1 - 50 kg-cm, 4.4 - 43.4 in-lb)

SU-13
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Transverse Link and Lower Ball Joint (Cont’d)
Vertical end play “C”:
0 mm (0 in)
+ Check dust cover for damage. Replace it and cover clamp if
necessary.

SU-14
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (FRONT) =NLSU0020

Suspension type Independent MacPherson strut

Shock absorber type Double-acting hydraulic

Stabilizer bar Standard equipment

FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*1) NLSU0021

QG/SR engine YD engine

Minimum −1°05′ (−1.08°)

Camber Nominal −0°20′ (−0.33°)

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 0°25′ (0.42°)

Left and right difference 45′ (0.75°)

Minimum 2°04′ (2.07°) 2°01′ (2.02°)

Caster Nominal 2°49′ (2.82°) 2°46′ (2.77°)

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 3°34′ (3.57°) 3°31′ (3.52°)

Left and right difference 45′ (0.75°)

Minimum 13°40′ (13.67°)

Kingpin inclination
Nominal 14°25′ (14.42°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 15°10′ (°15.17)

Minimum 1 (0.04)
Distance (A − B)
Nominal 2 (0.08)
mm (in)
Maximum 3 (0.12)
Total toe-in
Minimum 0°01′ (0.02°)
Angle (left plus right)
Nominal 0°04′ (0.07°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Maximum 0°07′ (0.12°)

Minimum 34°30′ (34.50°)

Inside
Nominal 38°00′ (38.00°)
Wheel turning angle Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Full turn*2 Maximum 39°00′ (39.00°)

Outside
Nominal 31°00′ (31.00°)
Degree minute (Decimal degree)

*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
*2: On power steering models, wheel turning force (at circumference of steering wheel) of 98 to 147 N (10 to 15 kg, 22 to 33 lb) with
engine idle.
*3: “Ground clearance up” model

LOWER BALL JOINT NLSU0022

Swinging force “A”

7.8 - 82.4 (0.8 - 8.4, 1.8 - 18.5)
(Measuring point: cotter pin hole of ball stud) N (kg, lb)

Turning torque “B” N·m (kg-cm, in-lb) 0.50 - 4.90 (5.1 - 50.0, 4.4 - 43.4)

Vertical end play “C” mm (in) 0 (0)

SU-15
 FRONT SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)

WHEELARCH HEIGHT (UNLADEN*1) NLSU0041

SFA818A

195/65R15 205/55R16

QG18 SR20 YD22 QG18 SR20 YD22

FR RR FR RR FR RR FR RR FR RR FR RR

702 672 700 672 699 672 702 671 701 672 699 671
(27.64) (26.46) (27.56) (26.46) (27.52) (26.46) (27.64) (26.42) (27.60) (26.46) (27.52) (26.42)

*1: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.
*2: “Ground clearance up” model

WHEEL RUNOUT NLSU0023

Wheel type Aluminum Steel wheel

Radial runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.5 (0.020)

Lateral runout limit mm (in) 0.3 (0.012) 0.8 (0.031)

WHEEL BALANCE NLSU0044

Dynamic (At rim flange) g (oz) 10 (0.35) (one side)

Maximum allowable unbalance
Static g (oz) 20 (0.71)

SU-16
 REAR SUSPENSION
Precautions

Precautions
PRECAUTIONS NLSU0024
+ When installing each rubber part, final tightening must be
carried out under unladen condition* with tires on ground.
Oil will shorten the life of rubber bushes. Be sure to wipe
off any spilled oil.
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack,
hand tools and mats in designated positions.
+ Use flare nut wrench when removing or installing brake
tubes.
SBR686C + After installing removed suspension parts, check wheel
alignment.
+ Do not jack up at the trailing arm and lateral link.
+ Always torque brake lines when installing.
+ Lock nuts are unreusable parts; always use new ones.
When replacing, do not wipe the oil off of the new lock nut
before tightening.

Preparation
COMMERCIAL SERVICE TOOLS NLSU0026

Tool name Description

Equivalent to Removing and installing brake piping

1 Flare nut crowfoot a: 10 mm (0.39 in)
2 Torque wrench

NT360

Spring compressor Removing and installing coil spring

NT717

Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH)

Troubleshooting NLSU0027
Refer to “Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) Troubleshooting”,
“FRONT SUSPENSION”, SU-4.

SU-17
 REAR SUSPENSION
Components

Components NLSU0028

NRA027

1. Shock absorber 3. Control rod 5. Coil spring

2. Torsion beam 4. Lateral link

SU-18
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service

On-vehicle Service
REAR SUSPENSION PARTS NLSU0029
Check axle and suspension parts for excessive play, wear or dam-
age.
+ Shake each rear wheel to check for excessive play.

SMA525A

+ Retighten all nuts and bolts to the specified torque.

Tightening torque:
Refer to “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-18.

SSU036

+ Check shock absorber for oil leakage or other damage.

+ Check wheelarch height. Refer to “On-vehicle Service”,
“FRONT SUSPENSION PARTS”, SU-6.

SMA113

REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT NLSU0030

Before checking rear wheel alignment, be sure to make a prelimi-
nary inspection (Unladen*).
*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand
tools and mats in designated positions.

Preliminary Inspection NLSU0030S01

Aluminum wheel NLSU0030S0101
1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage. If
deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from aluminum wheel and mount on a tire balance
machine.
b. Set dial indicator as shown in the illustration.
Wheel runout (Dial indicator value):
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA975B
3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
SU-19
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

Steel wheel NLSU0030S0102

1. Check tires for wear and improper inflation.
2. Check wheels for deformation, cracks and other damage.
If deformed, remove wheel and check wheel runout.
a. Remove tire from steel wheel and mount wheel on a tire bal-
ance machine.
b. Set two dial indicators as shown in the illustration.
c. Set each dial indicator to 0.
d. Rotate wheel and check dial indicators at several points
around the circumference of the wheel.
e. Calculate runout at each point as shown below.
Radial runout = (A + B)/2
Lateral runout = (C + D)/2
f. Select maximum positive runout value and the maximum
negative value.
Add the two values to determine total runout.
In case a positive or negative value is not available, use the
maximum value (negative or positive) for total runout.
If the total runout value exceeds the limit, replace steel wheel.
Wheel runout:
Refer to SDS, SU-16.
SFA981B 3. Check front wheel bearings for looseness.
4. Check front suspension for looseness.
5. Check steering linkage for looseness.
6. Check that front shock absorbers work properly.
7. Check vehicle posture (Unladen).

Camber NLSU0030S02
Camber is preset at factory and cannot be adjusted.
Camber:
Refer to SDS, SU-27.
+ If the camber is not within specification, inspect and replace
any damaged or worn rear suspension parts.

SFA948A

SU-20
 REAR SUSPENSION
On-vehicle Service (Cont’d)
Toe-in NLSU0030S03
Toe-in is preset at factory and cannot be adjusted.
Measure toe-in using following procedure. If out of
specification, inspect and replace any damaged or worn rear
suspension parts.
WARNING:
+ Perform following procedure always on a flat surface.
+ Make sure that no person is in front of the vehicle before
pushing it.
1. Bounce rear of vehicle up and down to stabilize the posture.
SFA614B 2. Push the vehicle straight ahead about 5 m (16 ft).
3. Put a mark on base line of the tread (rear side) of both tires at
the same height of hub center. This mark is a measuring point.
4. Measure distance “A” (rear side).
5. Push the vehicle slowly ahead to rotate the wheels 180
degrees (1/2 turn).
If the wheels have rotated more than 180 degrees (1/2 turn), try
the above procedure again from the beginning. Never push
vehicle backward.
6. Measure distance “B” (front side).
Total toe-in: A − B
SFA234AC Refer to SDS, SU-27.

SU-21
 REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation

Removal and Installation NLSU0031

NRA028

1. Washer 6. Bound bumper cover 10. Torsion beam

2. Bushing 7. Bound bumper 11. Lateral link
3. Shock absorber mounting bracket 8. Coil spring 12. Control rod
4. Collar 9. Shock absorber 13. ABS sensor
5. Bushing

SU-22
 REAR SUSPENSION
Removal and Installation (Cont’d)
REMOVAL NLSU0031S01
CAUTION:
+ Before removing the rear suspension assembly, discon-
nect the ABS wheel sensor from the assembly. Failure to
do so may result in damage to the sensor wires and the
sensor becoming inoperative.
+ Remove suspension assembly.
1. Disconnect brake hydraulic lines and parking brake cable at
toggle lever. (Models with drum brakes.)
+ Drain brake fluid before disconnecting brake lines.
SRA695A 2. Disconnect parking brake cable from caliper and remove brake
caliper and rotor. (Models with disc brakes.)
Suspend caliper assembly with wire so as not to stretch
brake hose.
Be careful not to depress brake pedal, or piston will pop
out.
Make sure brake hose is not twisted.
3. Using a transmission jack, raise torsion beam a little, and
remove nuts and bolts from the trailing arm, shock absorber
assembly (lower side) and lateral link (Body side).
4. Lower transmission jack, and remove suspension.
5. Remove strut securing nuts (upper side). Then pull out strut
SSU038
assembly.
INSTALLATION NLSU0031S02
+ Install suspension assembly.
CAUTION:
Refill with new brake fluid “DOT 4”.
Never reuse drained brake fluid.
1. Attach torsion beam, at trailing arm and lateral link, to vehicle.
Do not tighten bolts at this time.

SRA697A

2. Using a transmission jack, place lateral link and control rod

horizontally against torsion beam. Tighten lateral link on
vehicle.
3. Attach shock absorber assembly to vehicle. Then tighten the
lower side of shock absorber assembly.
4. Lower torsion beam to fully extended position. Remove trans-
mission jack and tighten torsion beam, at trailing arm, to speci-
fied torque. Refer to SU-22.
5. Install brake hydraulic lines and tighten flare nuts.
: 15 - 18 N·m (1.5 - 1.8 kg-m, 11 - 13 ft-lb)
SRA698A 6. Install ABS wheel sensor.
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION NLSU0032
Remove shock absorber upper and lower fixing nuts.
Do not remove piston rod lock nut on vehicle.

SU-23
 REAR SUSPENSION
Coil Spring and Shock Absorber (Cont’d)
DISASSEMBLY NLSU0033
1. Set shock absorber in vise, then loosen piston rod lock nut.
Do not remove piston rod lock nut at this time.
2. Compress spring with Tool so that the shock absorber upper
spring seat can be turned by hand.
WARNING:
Make sure that the pawls of the two spring compressors are
firmly hooked on the spring. The spring compressors must be
tightened alternately so as not to tilt the spring.
3. Remove piston rod lock nut.
SRA806A

INSPECTION NLSU0034
Shock Absorber Assembly NLSU0034S01
+ Check for smooth operation through a full stroke, both com-
pression and extension.
+ Check for oil leakage on welded or gland packing portions.
+ Check piston rod for cracks, deformation or other damage.
Replace if necessary.
Upper Rubber Seat and Bushing NLSU0034S02
Check rubber parts for deterioration or cracks.
Replace if necessary.
Coil Spring NLSU0034S03
Check for cracks, deformation or other damage. Replace if
necessary.

ASSEMBLY NLSU0035
+ Locate upper spring seat as shown.

NRA029

+ When installing coil spring, be careful not to reverse top and

bottom direction. (Top end is flat.)
+ When installing coil spring on shock absorber, it must be posi-
tioned as shown in figure at left.
CAUTION:
Do not reuse piston rod lock nut.

SFA436B

SU-24
 REAR SUSPENSION
Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod

Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod

DISASSEMBLY NLSU0036
+ Remove torsion beam assembly. Refer to “Removal and
Installation”, “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-23.
+ Remove lateral link and control rod from torsion beam.

INSPECTION NLSU0037
+ Check for cracks, distortion or other damage. Replace if nec-
essary.
Standard length:
A 207 - 208 mm (8.15 - 8.19 in)
B 394 - 395 mm (15.51 - 15.55 in)
C 601 - 603 mm (23.66 - 23.74 in)
D 106 - 108 mm (4.17 - 4.25 in)
+ Check all rubber parts for wear, cracks or deformation.
Replace if necessary.
ARA072

ASSEMBLY NLSU0038
1. Temporarily assemble lateral link and control rod.
+ When installing the control rod, connect the bush with the
smaller inner diameter to the lateral link.

SRA793A

2. Temporarily install lateral link and control rod on torsion beam.

+ When installing, place lateral link with the arrow topside.

SRA701A

SU-25
 REAR SUSPENSION
Torsion Beam, Lateral Link and Control Rod (Cont’d)
3. Place lateral link and control rod horizontally against torsion
beam, and tighten to the specified torque.
4. Install torsion beam assembly. Refer to “Removal and
Installation”, “REAR SUSPENSION”, SU-23.

SRA702A

SU-26
 REAR SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

Service Data and Specifications (SDS)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS (REAR) =NLSU0039

Suspension type Multi-link beam suspension

Shock absorber type Double-acting hydraulic

REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT (UNLADEN*) NLSU0040

Body

Camber Minimum −1°45′ (−1.75°)

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal −1°00′ (−1.00°)

Maximum −0°15′ (−0.25°)

Total toe-in Distance (A − B) Minimum −3 (−0.12)

mm (in)
Nominal 1 (0.04)

Maximum 5 (0.20)

Angle (left plus right) Minimum −16′ (−0.27°)

Degree minute (Decimal degree)
Nominal 5′30″ (0.09°)

Maximum 26′ (0.43°)

*: Fuel, radiator coolant and engine oil full. Spare tire, jack, hand tools and mats in designated positions.

SU-27
 REAR SUSPENSION
Service Data and Specifications (SDS) (Cont’d)

SU-28