Sixnet Ring Switch Manual

USER MANUAL
Industrial Ethernet
Real-Time Ring™
Switch
Contents at a Glance:
Section 1 General Information Page 4

Section 2 LED Indicators Page 6
Section 3 Installation Page 7
Section 4 Power Wiring Page 11
Section 5 Ethernet Wiring Page 12
Section 6 Ring Switch Features Page 13
Section 7 Ring Configurations Page 14
Section 8 Local and Remote Status Monitoring Page 18
Section 9 Default Settings Page 22
Section 10 Features and Capabilities Page 23
Section 11 Technical Specifications Page 25
Section 12 Service Information Page 27
This manual applies to the following products:

 ET-5RS Series – 5 port models with 10/100 ports
 ET-9RS Series – 9 port models with 10/100 ports
 ET-9RG Series – 9 port models with Gigabit ports
Ring Switch User Manual Page 1 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Sixnet Technology Park  331 Ushers Road  Ballston Lake, NY 12019  USA  (518) 877-5173  support@sixnet.com
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Technology Policy. We will continue to support the specified capabilities of standard Sixnet products for at least five
years. We plan each product improvement and new feature to be upward compatible with existing designs and
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existing feature, applications program and data file continue to work. We protect your investment even further with a
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Sixnet LLC, manufacturer of Sixnet products, warrants to Buyer that products, except software, manufactured by
Sixnet will be free from defects in material and workmanship. Sixnet's obligation under this warranty will be limited to
repairing or replacing, at Sixnet's option, the defective parts within one year of the date of installation, or within 18
months of the date of shipment from the point of manufacture, whichever is sooner. Products may be returned by
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products to the repair facility designated by Sixnet. This limited warranty does not cover losses or damages which
occur in shipment to or from Buyer or due to improper installation, maintenance, misuse, neglect or any cause other
than ordinary commercial or industrial applications. In particular, Sixnet makes no warranties whatsoever with respect
to implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. All such warranties are hereby expressly
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indirect, incidental or consequential damages.
INSTALLATION AND HAZARDOUS AREA WARNINGS:

These products should not be used to replace proper safety interlocking. No software-based device (or any other solid-
state device) should ever be designed to be responsible for the maintenance of consequential equipment or personnel
safety. In particular, Sixnet disclaims any responsibility for damages, either direct or consequential, that result from the
use of this equipment in any application.
All power, input and output (I/O) wiring must be in accordance with Class I, Division 2 wiring methods and in
accordance with the authority having jurisdiction.
WARNING SUBSTITUTION OF COMPONENTS MAY IMPAIR SUITABILITY FOR

(EXPLOSION HAZARD) - CLASS 1, DIVISION 2.
WARNING WHEN IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS, DISCONNECT POWER BEFORE

(EXPLOSION HAZARD) - REPLACING OR WIRING UNITS.
WARNING DO NOT DISCONNECT EQUIPMENT UNLESS POWER HAS BEEN

(EXPLOSION HAZARD) - SWITCHED OFF OR THE AREA IS KNOWN TO BE NONHAZARDOUS.

FCC Statement:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of
the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference
to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna;
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver; Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different
from that to which the receiver is connected; Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Copyright & Trademarks:

Copyright  Sixnet, All Rights Reserved. EtherTRAK is a registered trademark of Sixnet.
Note: All information in this document is subject to change without notice.

Section 1 General Information
Overview This manual will help you install and maintain the Real-Time RingTM Switch. The Ring
Switch allows you to implement the traditional star topology, or ring topology to take
advantage of network path redundancy. The switch can be used right out of the box
without configuration; or through some simple configuration steps, some powerful
managed switch features can be enabled such as traffic prioritization and port mirroring.
Operation In the Ring Switch, messages are intelligently routed for the sake of increasing the
efficiency and reliability of your network. Unlike an Ethernet hub, a switch will forward
packets to specific ports to reduce unnecessary
traffic on network paths, thus optimizing
network efficiency. Most importantly, by using a
Ring Switch, you can implement redundant paths
in a network by allowing ring topology (for a
more resilient network). Ring topology is
important in path redundancy because no matter
where in the ring that a path gets “cut”, all
devices connected to a node in the ring will still
be able to communicate with each other.
Conventional switches and hubs cannot be used

in ring topologies because of broadcast storms.
Broadcast storms can bring a network to a stop if
conventional switches or hubs are being used in a
ring topology because of broadcast message
reproduction. Using Ring Switches in the loop
will prevent broadcast storms because they have
the intelligence to detect loops and to assign the
necessary ports to be in the backup (disabled)
state. These backup ports will be instantly enabled should the primary path in their
respective ring fail. See picture to the right:
The Ring Switch supports 10BaseT (10 Mbps), 100BaseT (100 Mbps) and 1000BaseT on
its RJ45 ports, depending on model. Each of these ports will independently auto-sense the
speed, allowing you to interface to regular or fast Ethernet devices. Some models also have
100BaseF (100 Mbps) or 1000BaseF fiber optic port(s).
Refer to Section 6 for more information on Ring Switch configuration, operation and
features.

Performance These general specifications apply to the Real-Time RingTM Switch. Refer to Section
Specifications 7 for complete technical specifications.
Ports 5 or 9
10/100BaseT (Shielded RJ45),
10/100/1000BaseT (shielded RJ45),
Port types (varies by model)
100BaseF (SC or ST connectors),
1000BaseF (SFP ports with LC connectors)
Intelligent Store and Forward with Real-time
Ethernet switch type
Ring™ plus some management capabilities
Ethernet protocols supported All IEEE 802.3
Auto negotiation, Auto-Crossover and Auto-

RJ45 operation
Polarity
Multimode or singlemode with distances up to

Fiber operation
70 km or more
Standards
The Ring Switch meets the following standards:
and Safety
Electrical safety - UL 508, CSA C22/14; EN61010-1 (IEC1010)

EMI emissions - FCC part 15, ICES 003, EN55022; Class B
EMC immunity – IEC61326-1
Hazardous locations – UL 1604, CSA C22.2/213 (Class 1, Div. 2), Groups A, B, C,

D; Cenelec EN50021 (Zone 2) EEx nA II T4 X (-40°C ≤ Ta ≤ +85°C)
Install the Real-time Ring Switch in accordance with local and national
electrical codes.
Lightning Danger: Do not work on equipment during periods of

lightning activity.
Do not connect a telephone line into one of the Ethernet RJ45

connectors.

Section 2 LED Indicators
Overview The Ring Switch has communication LEDs for each port and power LEDs for each input
terminal. In addition, two LEDS (OK and Ring) provide switch and network status. Refer to
the pictures below for the location of these LEDs.
5-port with Dual Fiber Shown 9-port with All RJ45 Shown
Power LEDs There are two power LEDs on the switch that are above the P1 and P2 terminals. Both
indicate if there is power applied to the respective terminal.
OK LED The OK LED is a multifunctional indicator, which has several states defined below.
Note: The OK LED and OK Output do not always coincide. In general the OK LED
will always indicate any type of error condition. However the OK Output can be
configured using the Ethernet Switch Tools to only indicate the errors you define.
ON solid:
The OK LED will be in a steady ON state when both P1 and P2 power inputs are powered
and that all configured rings have continuous ring integrity.
OFF completely:
The OK LED will be OFF if either P1 and/or P2 is not powered, or if any one of the active
rings for which this switch is a member of encounters a segment failure.
Blinking:
The OK LED can blink at different rates.
 Continuous rapid blinking: To verify communication and target switch selection,
you can request the switch to “wink” its OK LED to visually identify the unit.
 Rapid blinking, with a single short pause: Should the OK LED blink rapidly for
about 5 sec and then pause for about 1 second, this indicates that the switch is in the
boot-up process such as on power-up, when loading firmware or when resetting the
switch.
 Long OFF, short ON: If the OK LED is OFF for about 1.9 seconds and ON for .1
seconds, an internal error has occurred in the unit. Try cycling power or resetting
the switch from the configuration utility.

Ring LED The Ring LED is a multifunctional indicator that shows four states.
ON solid:
The Ring LED will be ON when all rings enabled in the switch have continuous ring
integrity.
OFF completely:
The switch has not been configured for any rings.
Blinking: (50% OFF – 50% ON)

One or more rings have been configured for the switch, but a break has been discovered for
one or more of the configured rings. Neighboring Ring Switches are responding, so the
break is at another location.
Blip: (Long OFF – Short ON)

One or more configured rings have been broken. The break has been detected to be local to
one of the ports. Diagnostically speaking; in simple rings, the segment with the problem
will be between the two switches with their ring LEDs in the blip state. Also, you can
ascertain the general location of where the segment error has occurred with a HMI, a master
controller, or some other MODBUS Master through MODBUS/UDP polling. Find out more
details about MODBUS diagnostics in section 7 of this manual.
ACT / LNK/ Activity, link, and port speed indication is combined into one LED per port. The port states
are described below:
10/100 Mbps
LEDs ON solid:
This would indicate that there is a proper Ethernet connection (Link) between the port and
another Ethernet device, but no communications activity is detected.
OFF completely:
This would indicate that there is not a proper Ethernet connection (Link) between the port
and another Ethernet device. Make sure the proper cable type is in use and that it has been
plugged securely into the ports at both ends. See section 5 for proper Ethernet cabling.
Blinking:
This would indicate that there is a proper Ethernet connection (Link) between the port and
another Ethernet device, and that there is communications activity.
Red:
1000 Mbps (1000BaseT) connection is detected.
Green:
Yellow:

Section 3 Installation
Overview The Ring Switch can be fastened onto a standard DIN rail (EN50022) or screwed directly
to a flat panel. Refer to the mechanical drawings below. Make sure to allow enough room
to route your Ethernet cables.
ST Fiber SC Fiber
0.275"
0.40" [0.70 cm]
[1.02 cm]
(max. for 5, 4 or 3 0, 1 or 2
ST Fiber) Copper Ports Fiber Ports 3.17"
(RJ45) (SC or ST) [8.05 cm]
DIN EN 2.935"
50022 [7.45 cm]
(not Front View
included)
1.60"
0.235" Power & Alarm [4.07 cm]
[0.60 cm]
ET-5RS
0.17"
[0.43]
(clear for 4.475" [11.37 cm]
#8 screw) 4.75" [12.07 cm]
0.35" [0.90 cm]

1.38" [3.5 cm]
Side View
DIN EN50022
All copper & single fiber models: (not included with units;
A = 1.45" [3.68 cm] not shown to scale;
for reference only)
A Dual fiber model:
A = 1.95" [4.95 cm]
0.30"
1.06" [2.7 cm] [0.76 cm]
Figure 3a – 5-port Model Mechanical Dimensions

6.250"
[15.88 cm] ST fiber SC fiber
0.275"
0.400" [0.70 cm]
[1.02 cm] 0, 1 or 2 Fiber
(max. for (SC or ST)
ST fiber)
DIN EN
50022
(not 3.770"
included) Front View [9.58 cm]
3.535"
[8.98 cm]
0.835"
[2.12 cm]
5.975"
[15.18 cm]
1.38" [3.5 cm]

2.30" Side View DIN EN50022
1.95" (not included with units)
[5.84 cm]
[4.95 cm] (not shown to scale)
(for reference only)
0.30"
2.187" 1.583" 1.06" [2.7 cm] [0.76 cm]
[5.55 cm] [4.02 cm]
Figure 3b – 9-port Model Mechanical Dimensions

Figure 3c – 9-port Gigabit Model Mechanical Dimensions

Section 4 Power Wiring
Overview The Ring Switch can be powered from the same DC source that is used to power your
other industrial devices. For extended power Ring Switches (indicated by a ‘-E’ in the part
number), 10-50 VDC can be applied to the power terminals. A Ring Switch that has a part
number ending with a ‘-D’ will accept power within the 10-30 VDC range. Verify the
power rating of your Ring Switch by checking the part number on the side label.
Power is applied to P1 and the minus terminal. The first screw terminal on the left should
be tied to panel or chassis ground. To prevent possible down time resulting from power
loss, a second power terminal (P2) is provided for redundant power (see Figure 4a).
Note: If you wish to use the alarm output (terminal marked ‘OK’), but only have a single
power source, just jumper the power to both incoming power terminals (P1, P2). See
Figure 4a. The alarm output in the ON state has the same voltage as the applied input.
Figure 4a – Power & Alarm Wiring

RM-PS-024-01N The RM-PS-024-01 can be used to power the Ring Switch, instrumentation loops, and
(optional) other devices. It operates on 85-264 VAC (47-63 Hz) or 120-370 VDC and outputs 24
VDC at up to 1 Amp. Refer to its data sheet for details. See figure below for power
connections.
Optional Auxiliary
DC Power Input AC Line Optional DC + DC
GND DC+ Line Auxiliary DC +
Power Power
Chassis DC GND Neutral DC Input DC --
Input Neutral
Output
DC --
DC GND DC + IN
Chassis GND Chassis GND
DC GND DC GND Extra terminals
DC+ OUT DC GND for 4-20 loops,
DC+ OUT DC GND fields devices
DC GND and more
Opt. Auxiliary DC GND
Power Input DC GND
DC GND DC GND
DC+ IN DC GND 4-20
DC+ OUT Input
DC+ OUT Field
DC+ OUT Device
Line DC+ OUT
Line DC+ OUT Discrete
Neutral DC+ OUT Output
Neutral DC+ OUT Discrete
Chassis DC+ OUT Input
DC Power for controllers,
Wiring Base RTUs, I/O, and user loops
Screw Torque The screw terminals should be tightened as follows:

Maximum 3.48 in-lbs (0.4 Nm)
Section 5 Ethernet Wiring
Overview The Ring Switch provides Ethernet and fiber connections to devices on the factory floor
through star or ring topology. When wiring the Ring Switch in a ring topology, it is
important that only Ring Switches are used for each node in the ring. With proper ring
wiring, all nodes in the ring can maintain the same data connectivity should a path in the
ring be “cut”. Be sure to visit Section 8 for detailed examples about valid and invalid ring
topologies.
RJ45 Wiring Use data-quality (not voice-quality) twisted pair cable rated category 5 or better with
standard RJ45 connectors. For best performance use shielded cable. Straight through or
Guidelines
crossover category 5 cable can be used regardless of the type of device connected to the
Ring Switch. This is because the Ring Switch supports auto-mdi/mdix-crossover.
Ethernet Cable Straight-thru Cable Wiring Cross-over Cable Wiring

Pin-outs Pin 1 Pin 1 Pin 1 Pin 3
(for reference Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 2 Pin 6
Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 3 Pin 1
only)
Pin 6 Pin 6 Pin 6 Pin 2
Ethernet Cable Distance

Connector The maximum cable
Pin Positions length for 10/100/1000
BaseT is typically 100
meters (328 ft.).
Ethernet The Ring Switch optionally has one or two pair of multimode or singlemode fiber ports.
The maximum segment length is up to 120+ km depending on the type of fiber optic
Fiber Wiring
transceiver installed in the switch. Refer to the technical specifications for details.
Guidelines
Each fiber optic port on the switch is comprised of a pair of SC, ST or LC style connectors.
For each fiber port there is a transmit (TX) and receive (RX) signal. When making your
fiber optic connections, make sure that the transmit (TX) port of the switch connects to the
receive (RX) port of the other device, and the receive (RX) port of the switch connects to
the transmit (TX) port of the other device. See images below.
The ACT/LNK LED will be ON solid when you have made a proper connection.
100BaseT Fiber Ports (SC Style)
Duplex The RJ45 ports will auto-sense for Full or Half duplex operation, while the fiber ports are
configured for full duplex operation. Note: Fiber devices with half duplex settings should
Operation
still communicate with the switch. If otherwise then contact your switch vendor.
Network The Ring Switch is capable of supporting 10/100/1000BaseT and 100 or 1000BaseF. Make
sure you connect the appropriate devices to each port.
Device Check

Section 6 Ring Switch Features
Overview The Ring Switch has all the networking capability of a typical unmanaged switch plus some
advanced capability that you would only find in a managed switch. Like an unmanaged
switch, the Ring Switch is “plug and play” meaning that it can be used right out of the box -
without any user configuration. This includes the ring functionality, which is already pre-
configured in the switch. For most applications this is all that is needed. For advanced
applications you can use the Ethernet Switch Tools (Windows software utility) to enable
some advanced capabilities such as priority queuing for prioritizing your traffic, message
rate filtering for broadcast storm protection and port mirroring for diagnostics.
Important Note: Only use Real-time Ring™ Switches when connecting switches in a ring.
The Real-time Ring™ Switches use a specialized high-speed ring algorithm that only they
will understand. Otherwise, these Ring Switches are fully IEEE 802.3 compatible.
Ring Setup & For ring operation in most applications, no user configuration is necessary. The Ring
Switches can be ordered pre-configured with 1 or more pairs of ports setup for ring
Operation
operation. Just connect the ring-configured ports of your Ring Switches in a ring by
connecting the last switch back to the first. Make sure you use only the ring configured
ports for your ring connections. The non-ring ports should be used to connect to your
Ethernet devices such as PLCs, computers, etc. Be sure to visit Section 8 for great examples
about valid and invalid ring topologies.

Ring Algorithm The Real-time Ring™ feature utilizes a special algorithm that assures very fast recovery
and times. Each Real-time Ring switch utilizes the special high-speed algorithm to keep track of
Performance the health of the ring. In a healthy ring (a complete ring), one ring switch will be
automatically picked to act as a master (switch with lowest MAC address) for the ring
network. Alternatively, you can designate one of your ring switches to be the master using
the Ethernet Switch Tools. It is the master switch’s job to determine which one of its local
ring ports are to be in the forwarding or backup state. The ring port chosen to be in the
backup state is where the backup segment of the ring will be. By default, the ring port with
the higher port number will get become the backup port.
All ring switches in the ring must have a way to keep track of each other in case a failure in
communication occurs along the ring. To keep track of the health of the ring, the Ring
switches periodically send test messages to each other. Therefore, when a ring gets “cut” at
a certain location, the Ring switches will know and they will take the appropriate action to
bring the network back online. The time that it takes for the last Ring switch to “know” and
take appropriate action to rectify the communication problem will be when the link loss
“recovers”.
Recovery time can be estimated by multiplying 5 mS times the number of switches, and
then adding 30 mS (for loss of link errors) or 60 mS (for message loss errors). For example,
a ring of 10 switches would have a recovery time of 80 mS for the typical loss of link type
errors.
Master Switch As mentioned above, the ring switch with the lowest MAC address will automatically
Selection become the master and block one of its ports (highest number port). Alternatively, you can
designate one of your ring switches to be the master using the Ethernet Switch Tools. There
is a simple check box where you can select “Automatic” or “This Switch” for the master
ring switch selection. This advanced capability allows you to control where the backup port
will be in your network. The ring switch to be designated the master must be running
firmware v0103 or newer. Only the ring switch that is designated the master needs to be
running the newer firmware. All other ring switches can be running older firmware. It is
recommended that only one ring switch be designated as the master. If more than one is
designated as the master then the one with the lowest MAC address will prevail.
Ethernet In some applications it may be desirable or required to adjust the Ring Switches parameters
for proper or best operation. A Microsoft Windows software utility called the Ethernet
Switch Tools
Switch Tools is provided to make these adjustments. Using the “auto-find” feature in the
utility, you will be able to pick from a list of detected Ring Switches and load custom
Hot Tip: configurations via Ethernet. The auto-find feature eliminates the hassle of loading via a
Refer to the serial connection and the overhead time spent assigning IP addresses. Refer to the online
Ethernet Switch help for details on using the Ethernet Switch Tools.
Tool’s
comprehensive IMPORTANT NOTE: Your computer must be on the same local network as the Ring
on-line help for Switch for the Ethernet Switch Tools to operate properly. Also, your computer must have
more details. updated Raw Ethernet Socket (WinPcap) support installed. When installing the Ethernet
Switch Tools, the installation program will call the WinPcap installation program if
necessary. If you have an older version of WinPcap installed, the installation program
will prompt you to remove the older version before continuing with the installation.
Port Ring Switches auto-negotiate port settings. In most applications port settings are best left in
Configuration the default "Auto" connection mode. For special situations, the ports can be "Fixed" to
restrict communications to only 10, 100 or 1000 Megabits per second, with either half or
full duplex. Flow control can be enabled or disabled as well. Port configuration settings are
adjustable using the Ethernet Switch Tools.

Fault Tolerant A network backbone wired in a ring type topology is one of the best choices for a fault-
Rings tolerant network. By default, Ring Switches may be factory preset to have zero, one, or two
rings enabled. Factory presetting a ring configuration skips the step of using the Ethernet
Switch Tools to enable your rings so you can have the convenience of “plug and play”
operation. Factory presets are indicated in the switch’s part number:
-E0 or -D0 Rings disabled
-E1 or -D1 One ring enabled on last two ports (default)
-E2 or -D2 Two rings enabled on ports 1 and 2 and last two ports
-EC or -DC A user specified custom configuration has been pre-installed
To change the ring configuration in the switch, simply launch the Ethernet Switch Tools
and choose the desired pair of ports for your new enabled ring. The Ring LED will be lit if
all rings (one or two) that are enabled in this switch have continuous ring integrity.
For a ring to function, all switches in the path of the ring must have Real-time Ring™
support. Do not connect rings within rings. Only simple non-overlapped rings are allowed.
Two active rings cannot share a network segment. It is possible to join two rings together
by configuring two rings in a single switch. The ports used for each ring must be distinct,
so that no network segment is shared by both rings. See Section 7 for ring wiring examples
and guidelines.
Message Rate Poorly configured applications and devices or malicious users can flood your network with
Filtering broadcast packets that are forwarded to all ports and can quickly consume most of a
(Broadcast storm network’s bandwidth. The Ring Switch provides protection against broadcast storms by
protection) limiting the quantity of broadcast and multicast messages. This protection is enabled by
default. See Ethernet Switch Tool’s on-line help for details.
Priority Queuing With priority queuing configured in the Ring Switch, low priority data will not interfere
(Traffic Prioritization with your time critical data again. Network traffic can be prioritized to achieve the
using QoS, CoS, performance that time-sensitive data demands. Refer to the Ethernet Switch Tool’s on-line
ToS/DiffServ) help for more information and details on configuring priority queuing.
Port Mirroring This advanced diagnostic capability allows messages from one or more ports to be copied
to another port. Then a port analyzer or “sniffer” program can be used to monitor the traffic
without affecting the operation of the switch. Configuring the Ring Switch for port
mirroring is done through the Ethernet Switch Tools. See the on-line help for details.
Note: With firmware 0103 or newer, only one monitor (destination) port is allowed.
However, multiple source ports can be chosen.

Section 7 Ring Configurations
Configuring First and foremost, make sure that ring operation is enabled for the appropriate ports. In
other words it is required to tell the Ring Switch what ports it is going to use as ring ports
Rings in your
(unless the Ring Switch was purchased with rings pre-configured). Never wire a Ring
Ring Switch Switch in a ring topology without having the ports that are used in the ring configured as
ring ports (See diagram below).
Valid Ring Below are examples of how you should wire your Ring Switches together. In general, you
should keep your topology simple.
Topologies

Invalid Ring The examples below are invalid ring topologies. Do NOT connect Ring Switches in the
ways shown below, as they will lead to unpredictable network performance. Paths indicated
Topologies
by the color red create unintended rings (see unintended rings example below).
Unintended Refer to the diagram below. In this example, Ring Switches A and B have been software
Rings Example configured for two rings each. Ring Switches C and D have been software configured for
one ring each. The physical connections for the two rings are shown in blue and red.
Since the rule for configuring Ring Switches is to make sure that each Ring Switch knows
about all rings that are attached to it, it would appear that the example below is legal.
However, this is not the case. There are actually more than two ring paths that were created.
There are multiple paths that traffic can use to move from Switch A and back to Switch A.
The same applies to Switch B. These unintended Ring paths that Switch A and Switch B
don’t know about are labeled as Unintended Rings A, B, C, and D.
Since Ring Switch A and Ring Switch B don’t know about these extra ring paths, they
aren’t included in A or B’s ring algorithm. Paths that are not included in the ring algorithm
will result in harmful broadcast storms, as will happen when conventional switches are
connected in a ring topology.
A
C D

Section 8 Local and Remote Status Monitoring
Switch You can keep track of the status of your Ring Switches at all times. To check the status of a
Ring Switch visually, you can monitor the Ring Switch’s indicator LEDs. To monitor the
Status
status remotely, you can use Modbus over Ethernet (UDP). There is also an alarm output
that can be tied to a PLC or other supervisory device.
Visual Status The status of your Ring Switches can be easily ascertained by simply looking at their LED
indicators. The LEDs can be used to quickly see the status or to locate a network problem.
Monitoring
See Section 2 for details on the LED indicators.
Port Status After all Ethernet and/or fiber connections are made, check the LED’s corresponding to the
(ACT/LNK LED) ports that each of the devices are connected to. Ensure that for each port that is in use, the
LED is on or blinking. If a port LED is off, go back and check for connectivity problems
between that port and the network device connected to that particular port. In addition, the
color of the LED should indicate the speed for which your device is connected at (yellow –
10Mbps, green – 100Mpbs).
Power & Switch The Ring Switch has an OK LED that indicates the power and operational status. It is ON
Status (OK LED) solid when there are no errors. It will go OFF if either power supply fails or a ring break is
detected. The OK LED will also flash if the switch is being “winked”, is in the boot-up
mode, or an internal error was detected.
Ring Status The Ring Switch has a Ring LED that indicates the status of your ring connections. It is ON
(Ring LED) solid when all rings handled by the switch have continuous integrity. It will be blinking if
there is broken ring segment but all adjacent switches are responding. It will be OFF if the
switch is not configured for any rings. The ring LED will Blip (mostly OFF, with a quick
ON) when a configured ring has been broken and the break is local to one of the ports of the
switch. Typically the network with the fault will be between the two switches with Ring
LEDs in the Blip state. This makes tracking down faults quick and simple.

Sixnet  Box 767  Clifton Park, NY 12065 USA  +1 (518) 877-5173  FAX +1 (518) 877-8346  support@sixnetio.com
OK Output The Ring Switch has an OK Output that can be used to signal an error to a PLC, PC or other
supervisory devices. By default, this output is normally ON when both power inputs are
present and there are no ring errors. The output will go OFF if either power input fails, both
power inputs fail or there is a ring break detected. Alternatively, using the Ethernet Switch
Tools you can define which error conditions will cause the OK Output to go OFF.
Remote There are two ways to remotely monitor the status of your Ring Switch network.
The first method is to use the Ethernet Switch Tool’s status display. This display will show
Status
the status of the selected Ring Switch by providing details such as port, power, and ring
Monitoring states. Find more details about how to use this display by referring to the Ethernet Switch
Tool’s on-line help.
The second method that can be used for determining the state of your Ring Switch network
is via Modbus UDP. See the Modbus UDP topic below for detailed information about how
to take advantage of this feature.
Modbus/ UDP Through Modbus UDP (Note: TCP is not supported), you can remotely monitor the status
of the Ring Switch. Using the Ethernet Switch Tools, the Ring Switch can be configured as
a Modbus slave station with its own Modbus station number and IP address.
The Ring Switch has a set of predefined Modbus registers for status reporting. Refer to the
table below for the register assignments.
Modbus Modbus
Address Status Address Status
Ring 1: Second port is
10001 Link on port 1 10019
passing data (not blocked)
10002 Link on port 2 10020 Ring 2 complete
10003 Link on port 3 Ring 2: First port is passing
10021
10004 Link on port 4 data (not blocked)
10005 Link on port 5 Ring 2 second port is passing
10022
10006 Link on port 6 data (not blocked)
10007 Link on port 7 OK output ON (no alarms)

Output will be ON if both
10008 Link on port 8 10030
power and all enabled rings
10009 Link on port 9 are complete.
10017 Ring 1 complete 10031 First power input valid
Ring 1: First port is passing
10018 10032 Second power input valid
data (not blocked)
NOTE: It is recommended that you keep the poll time of your Modbus master driver or
hardware device to a reasonable rate. If you poll a Ring Switch at a rapid rate, the
performance of the switch may be reduced. The fastest poll time you should run will
depend on the application. As a guideline, a poll time of 500 mS or greater should not
adversely affect the performance of your Ring Switch.

Modbus As an example of how to debug a network using the Modbus registers, we will examine a
Diagnostics simple ring topology, which is shown in the figures that follow.
Example
Scenario 1: Taking a look at the diagram below, we see three Ring Switches. Ring Switches A, B, and C
No Breaks have been configured for one ring. The ring network is currently in good health (no breaks
in the ring) with the solid blue line indicating the active part of the ring, and the dashed blue
line indicating the standby part of the ring.
Switch A Switch B Switch C
Figure 6a
Since the ring network is in good health, we would expect these values from the Modbus
registers of each switch:

Ring 1 Complete: 1 Ring 1 Complete: 1 Ring 1 Complete: 1
First Port of Ring 1: 1 First Port of Ring 1: 1 First Port of Ring 1: 0
Second Port of Ring 1: 1 Second Port of Ring 1: 1 Second Port of Ring 1: 1
A ring network in good health would have the Ring Complete bit set to one in all Ring
Switches. Also, all ports in the ring should be forwarding except for one port that should be
in backup mode. The backup port will indicate the standby/backup path of the existing ring.

Scenario 2: Should the ring experience a break like the diagram indicated below (Figure 6b), we
A Network Break immediately see that the Ring Complete bits for each switch have gone to zero. The port
that was in the backup state will rapidly change to the forwarding state to activate the
standby Ethernet path.
Figure 6b
With the break indicated above, we would expect these values from the Modbus registers of
each switch:

Ring 1 Complete : 0 Ring 1 Complete : 0 Ring 1 Complete : 0
First Port of Ring 1 : 1 First Port of Ring 1 : 0 First Port of Ring 1 : 1
Second Port of Ring 1 : 0 Second Port of Ring 1 : 1 Second Port of Ring 1 : 1
With the ring broken, each ring port reports whether its ring partner is available. In the
example above, we see that for switch A, the ‘First Port of Ring 1’ has a value of one. This
means that switch A can talk to its ring partner (Ring Switch C). For the same switch, we
see that the ‘Second Port of Ring 1’ has a value of zero. This means that switch A is not
able to talk to its ring partner for that port (Ring Switch B).
Based on this information, you can localize where a break in a ring has occurred by
checking which ports report back with zero when a ring is broken. Ports that report back
with zero mean that the break is local to that particular port.

Section 9 Default Settings
About Default The settings below are the factory defaults when the switch comes out of the box. Use this
Settings page to find out what changes may be necessary for tailoring the switch to your exact needs.
Ring Ports -E0 or -D0: No ring(s) configured

-E1 or -D1: Ring 1 configured on last two ports
-E2 or -D2: Ring 1 configured on last two ports and Ring 2 configured on Ports 1,2
-EC or -EC: Custom configuration as you specified.
Master switch selection: Automatic
Port
Port Name Admin Negotiation Speed & Duplex Flow Control
Configuration
# Port_1 Enabled Auto 10h 10f 100h 100f 1000h 1000f Disabled
(all ports):
Broadcast Limit Enabled on all ports
Port Mirroring Mirroring: Disabled
Priority Queuing Use 802.1p Tag Priority: Enabled

Use IP ToS/DiffServ: Enabled
Priority Precedence: Tag
Default Priority: Normal
Output Tag: Unchanged
IEEE Tagging
Priority Traffic Type Queue
0 Best Effort 0
1 Background 0
2 Spare 0
3 Excellent Effort 1
4 Controlled Load 1
5 Video 1
6 Voice 1
7 Network control 3
OK Output The OK Output will be normally ON and go OFF when either power input is not present,
both power inputs are not present or a ring failure is detected.

Section 10 General Features and Capabilities
Features &
This section explains the primary Ethernet and fiber capabilities of the Ring Switch.
Capabilities
10BaseT, 100BaseT and 1000BaseT Auto-detection
Standard Ethernet (10BaseT) has a maximum speed of 10 Mbps (half duplex mode) or 20
Mbps (full duplex mode). Fast Ethernet (100BaseT) has a maximum speed of 100 Mbps
(half duplex mode) or 200 Mbps (full duplex mode). Gigabit Ethernet (1000BaseT) has a
maximum speed of 1000 Mbps (half duplex mode) or 2000 Mbps (full duplex mode).The
10/100 RJ45 ports automatically support two speeds and the 10/100/1000 three speeds.
100BaseF and 1000BaseF (multimode and singlemode) fiber optic port

The fiber optic port found on some models is classified as 100BaseF or 1000BaseF and
supports 100 Mbps or 1000 Mbps operation respectively. Both multimode and singlemode
models are available. Multimode allows for multiple wavelengths over a cable with a core
diameter of typically 50 or 62.5 microns. The maximum distance for multimode is up to 2
km. Singlemode uses a single wavelength and cable core diameter of around 9 microns,
which allows for a maximum distance of 70 km (long haul models) or more (contact your
switch vendor for longer distances).
2K or 8K MAC addresses with automatic learning, aging and migration

Each Ethernet device inserts its unique “MAC” address into each message it sends out. The
port on the switch used for a given MAC address is automatically learned when a frame is
received from that address. Once an address is learned, the switch will route messages to
only the appropriate port, instead of broadcasting messages out all ports like a hub. A time
stamp is also placed in memory when a new address is learned. This time stamp is used
with the aging feature, which will remove unused MAC addresses from the table after 300
seconds. If a device moves, the associated port on the switch will be changed (migrated) as
needed. Up to 8,192 MAC addresses can be stored and monitored at any time.
3.2 or 32 Gbps combined bandwidth

The fast Ethernet switches have 3.2 Gbps and the gigabit have 32 Gbps. This means that
they can support full duplex communications on all ports at the same time.
Auto-crossover (auto-mdi/mdix)
The RJ45 ports of the Ring Switch will automatically detect the cable type (straight-thru vs.
cross-wired) and re-configure themselves accordingly.
Auto-polarity
The auto-polarity feature corrects reversed polarity on the transmit and receive twisted pair.
Automatic power saving

If there is no cable on a port, most of the circuitry for that port is disabled to save power.
Auto-sensing speed and flow control

The RJ45 ports of the Ring Switch will auto-negotiate with the connected device to
determine the optimal speed and flow control for each port.
Back pressure for half-duplex

The EtherTRAK Industrial Ethernet Switch will apply “back pressure” when necessary with
half-duplex operation. This “back pressure” will reduce congestion on busy networks.
Broadcast storm protection

Each port can be configured to filter out undesirable broadcast and multicast messages.

Buffering
SRAM is used for buffering the messages. The Ring Switches have 1 Mbits (128 Kbytes).
The buffer size is automatically allocated for each port as necessary.
Flow control
These switches automatically support flow control frames on both the transmit and receive
sides. Back-pressure flow control for half-duplex ports and pause-frame flow control for
full-duplex ports.
Forwarding
These switches support store and forward mode. They will forward messages with known
addresses out only the appropriate port. Messages with unknown addresses, broadcast
messages, and multicast messages will get forwarded out all ports except the source port.
Full / Half duplex operation

The RJ45 ports of these switches support both full and half duplex operation. The fiber
optic port(s) are full duplex but can be interfaced to device with half or full duplex.
Illegal frames
Illegal frames as defined by IEEE 802.3 will be dropped. This includes short frames, long
frames, CRC error frames and alignment error frames.
IEEE 802.3 compliant

Real-time Ring™ Switches strictly abide to the IEEE 802.3 standard for 10BaseT,
100BaseT, 1000BaseT, 100BaseF and 1000BaseF Ethernet communications.
Latency
The typical latency of a message is 5 microseconds (@ 100 Mbps) plus the frame time. The
latency is the time it takes a message to be routed internal to a switch from one port to
another. This time is highly dependent on the amount of network activity, the speed and the
features enabled in the switch.
Non-blocking
This means that the switches offer the best in performance and are capable of full-wire
speed transmissions.
Port Mirroring
Powerful diagnostic mode that lets you map messages between ports.
Plug and play

This means that most functions or features of these switches are automatic and that there are
minimal or no optional parameters that need to be set. Just plug in your Ethernet cables,
apply power, and the unit will immediately begin to operate. The Ring Switches can even
be factory pre-configured to your exact needs.
Priority queuing or Traffic Prioritization

The Ring Switches support QoS (Quality of Service), CoS (Class of Service), ToS (Type of
Service), and DS (Differentiated Services) mechanism for ensuring the priority traffic is
handled properly. These advanced parameters can be set via the configuration utility.
Protocol independent
These switches will work with all popular Ethernet protocols and networks such as TCP/IP,
the Internet (IP), UDP, NetBEUI, and many more. It is compatible with all protocols that
run over standard Ethernet (IEEE 802.3). In fact, it will support packets of different
protocols simultaneously.

Section 11 Technical Specifications
Technical Here are the technical specifications for the Real-Time Ring™ Switch.
Specifications
Copper RJ45 Ports: (10/100BaseT or 10/100/1000BaseT)

Connectors Shielded RJ45
Protocols supported All standard IEEE 802.3
Ethernet compliancy IEEE 802.3, 802.3u, 802.3x, 802.3z, 802.1p and more
Auto-crossover RJ45 MDI/MDIX (allows you to use straight or cross wired cables)
Auto-negotiating 10BaseT, 100BaseT or 1000BaseT as applicable
Auto-sensing Full or half duplex
Auto-polarity Yes, on the TD and RD pairs
Flow control Yes, for Half or full duplex
Half or full duplex Yes, automatic or configurable
Ethernet isolation 1500 VRMS 1 minute
Plug and play Yes with factory pre-configuration available for special parameters
Cable requirements Twisted pair (Cat. 5 or better) (shielded recommended)
Max. cable distance 100 meters
SC or ST Fiber Ports: (100BaseF multimode or singlemode)

100BaseFX ports Up to 2
Fiber port mode Multimode (mm) or Singlemode (sm)
Fiber port connector Duplex SC or ST
Optimal fiber cable 62.5/125 µm for mm; 9/125 µm for sm
Center wavelength 1300 nm
TX output power Contact your switch vendor
RX input sensitivity Contact your switch vendor
Max. distance (full duplex) 4 km with mm; 20 km with sm, 70+ km with long haul sm
(see web or details)
Half and full duplex Software Configurable
Ethernet compliance 100BaseFX
Eye safety IEC 60825-1, Class 1; FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11
SFP Mini-Gbic SFP (pluggable) Ports: (many types available)

Note: Ports 8 and 9 on the Gigabit models are pluggable and accept many different types of
pluggable SFP (Mini-Gbic) modules for Gigabit copper or fiber connections.
Gigabit ports Up to 2
Port types Copper RJ45, fiber multimode, fiber singlemode, fiber long haul
singlemode, fiber single strand, 1000BaseF (SX/LX/LH) modules
Fiber port connector RJ45 for copper; LC typically for fiber (depends on module)
Optimal fiber cable 62.5/125 µm for multimode (mm); 9/125 µm for singlemode (sm)
Fiber wavelength 850 nm for mm; 1310 nm for sm; 1550 for long haul sm
TX output power Contact your switch vendor
RX input sensitivity Contact your switch vendor
Max. distance (full duplex) Up to 120+ km with long haul singlemode modules
Half and full duplex Software Configurable
Ethernet compliance 1000BaseT and 1000BaseF
Eye safety IEC 60825-1, Class 1; FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11
Note: Additional fiber optic transceiver specifications are available. Also, other fiber transceivers
may be available for special requirements such as longer distances, single strand or other special
applications. Contact your switch vendor for details.
General:
Operation Intelligent store & forward, non-blocking
Ethernet protocols supported All IEEE 802.3
Typical latency for 10 Mbps 16 us + frame time Varies on load
Typ. latency for 100/1000 Mbps 5 us + frame time & settings
MAC addresses supported 2K (10/100 models) or 8K (gigabit models)
Buffer memory 1 Mbits (128 Kbytes)
Buffer allocation per port Automatic and dynamic
Memory bandwidth 3.2 Gbps (10/100 models) or 32 Gbps (gigabit models) for
full-wire speed on all ports
Address learning Automatic
Address aging Remove old address after 300s
Address migration Automatic
Back pressure Automatic for half-duplex
Illegal frames Dropped per 802.3
Flow control Yes, for half and full duplex
Traffic prioritization 802.1p, QoS, CoS, ToS/DS
Status Reporting Power & operational status
Modbus over Ethernet (UDP) Modbus status registers
“OK” output voltage Same as switch input voltage
“OK” output max. current 0.5 Amp
Real-Time Ring™ Features Fault-tolerant loop support
Maximum switches in ring 50+
Dual ring support Yes
Link loss recovery time Less than 30 mS plus 5 mS per hop
Environmental DIN rail or direct panel mounting
Power input Redundant input terminals
Input power (typical with all ports 4.0 / 6.0 W (5RS / 9RS without fiber)
active) (Max. 10 W) 5.0 / 7.0 W (5RS / 9RS with 1 fiber)
6.0 / 8.0 W (5RS / 9RS with 2 fiber)
8.0 / 9.0 W (9RG-1 / 9RG with 2 fiber)
Input voltage 10-50 VDC (-E models) (derate 1.8°C / V above 30V);
10-30 VDC (-D models)
Transient protection 15,000 watts peak
Spike protection 5,000 watts (10x for 1000 uS) or 250 volts (50x for 100uS)
Extended power protection (-E) Indicated by a ‘-E’ in the part number
Military surge protection (-E) Exceeds MIL-STD-1275; 100V for 1 second
Ethernet isolation 1500 VRMS 1 minute
Operating temperature range -40 to +85 °C
Storage temperature range -40 to +85 °C
Humidity (non-condensing) 5 to 95% RH
Vibration IEC68-2-6
Electrical safety UL508/CSA C22, EN61010-1
EMI emissions FCC part 15, ICES-003, EN55022
EMC immunity IEC61326-1
Hazardous locations (Zone 2) UL1604, CSA C22.2/213 (Class1, Div. 2), Cenelec EN50021
Marine and off-shore DNV (Det Norske Veritas) tested
Eye safety (fiber models) IEC60825-1, Class 1; FDA 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11
Packaging (Lexan & alum. case) IP30 protection; UL 94V-0
Dimensions (L x W x H) See mechanical diagram

Section 12 Service Information
Service We sincerely hope that you never experience a problem with any Sixnet product. If you do
Information need service, call Sixnet at (518) 877-5173 and ask for Applications Engineering. A trained
specialist will help you to quickly determine the source of the problem. Many problems are
easily resolved with a single phone call. If it is necessary to return a unit to us, an RMA
(Return Material Authorization) number will be given to you.
Sixnet tracks the flow of returned material with our RMA system to ensure speedy service.
You must include this RMA number on the outside of the box so that your return can be
processed immediately.
The applications engineer you are speaking with will fill out an RMA request for you. If the
unit has a serial number, we will not need detailed financial information. Otherwise, be sure
to have your original purchase order number and date purchased available.
We suggest that you give us a repair purchase order number in case the repair is not covered
under our warranty. You will not be billed if the repair is covered under warranty.
Please supply us with as many details about the problem as you can. The information you
supply will be written on the RMA form and supplied to the repair department before your
unit arrives. This helps us to provide you with the best service, in the fastest manner.
Normally, repairs are completed in two days. Sometimes difficult problems take a little
longer to solve.
If you need a quicker turnaround, ship the unit to us by air freight. We give priority service
to equipment that arrives by overnight delivery. Many repairs received by mid-morning
(typical overnight delivery) can be finished the same day and returned immediately.
We apologize for any inconvenience that the need for repair may cause you. We hope that
our rapid service meets your needs. If you have any suggestions to help us improve our
service, please give us a call. We appreciate your ideas and will respond to them.
For Your Convenience:

Please fill in the following and keep this manual with your Sixnet system for future
reference:
P.O. #:__________________ Date Purchased: ___________________
Purchased From:______________________________________________
Product To obtain support for Sixnet products:

Support Latest product info: http://www.sixnet.com
Phone: +1 (518) 877-5173
Fax: +1 (518) 877-8346
E-mail: mailto:support@sixnet.com
Mailing address: Sixnet Technology Park, 331 Ushers Road, Ballston Lake, NY 12019


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USER MANUAL

Section 1 General Information Page 4

This manual applies to the following products:

Ring Switch User Manual Page 1 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Sixnet Statement of Limited Warranty:

INSTALLATION AND HAZARDOUS AREA WARNINGS:

WARNING SUBSTITUTION OF COMPONENTS MAY IMPAIR SUITABILITY FOR

WARNING WHEN IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS, DISCONNECT POWER BEFORE

WARNING DO NOT DISCONNECT EQUIPMENT UNLESS POWER HAS BEEN

Ring Switch User Manual Page 2 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Copyright & Trademarks:

Note: All information in this document is subject to change without notice.

Ring Switch User Manual Page 3 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Conventional switches and hubs cannot be used

Ring Switch User Manual Page 4 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ethernet protocols supported All IEEE 802.3

Auto negotiation, Auto-Crossover and Auto-

Multimode or singlemode with distances up to

Electrical safety - UL 508, CSA C22/14; EN61010-1 (IEC1010)

Hazardous locations – UL 1604, CSA C22.2/213 (Class 1, Div. 2), Groups A, B, C,

Lightning Danger: Do not work on equipment during periods of

Do not connect a telephone line into one of the Ethernet RJ45

Ring Switch User Manual Page 5 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 6 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Blinking: (50% OFF – 50% ON)

Blip: (Long OFF – Short ON)

Ring Switch User Manual Page 7 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

0.35" [0.90 cm]

Figure 3a – 5-port Model Mechanical Dimensions

Ring Switch User Manual Page 8 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

1.38" [3.5 cm]

Figure 3b – 9-port Model Mechanical Dimensions

Ring Switch User Manual Page 9 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 10 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Figure 4a – Power & Alarm Wiring

Screw Torque The screw terminals should be tightened as follows:

Ethernet Cable Straight-thru Cable Wiring Cross-over Cable Wiring

Ethernet Cable Distance

100BaseT Fiber Ports (SC Style)

Ring Switch User Manual Page 12 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 13 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 14 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 15 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 16 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 17 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Switch User Manual Page 18 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

10007 Link on port 7 OK output ON (no alarms)

Ring Switch User Manual Page 19 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Switch A Switch B Switch C

Switch A Switch B Switch C

Ring Switch User Manual Page 20 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Switch A Switch B Switch C

Switch A Switch B Switch C

Ring Switch User Manual Page 21 of 27 Last Revised: 17-Aug-09

Ring Ports -E0 or -D0: No ring(s) configured

Master switch selection: Automatic

Broadcast Limit Enabled on all ports

Port Mirroring Mirroring: Disabled

Priority Queuing Use 802.1p Tag Priority: Enabled

P.O. #: Date Purchased: _