Chapter 1

Chapter - 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1. Introduction
Literature review is a major stride in any research project as it focuses on the background
development performed till date and clearly establishes the need for the proposed work. It
inferences the queries regarding the improvement of work already done and clearly highlights
the development of the research project. A lot of literature has been reviewed by the author
relevant to the doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine system for generation of
the electrical power and the closed-related ones have been discussed here.
2.2. Literature Review
Renewable energy systems are getting widest attention around the globe for power
generation. Due to environmental concerns, depleting fossil fuels and its abundance in nature,
the integration of the renewable energy systems into the existing power system has been
increased very much in recent years and expected to be increased more in near future. Wind
energy penetration has increased significantly in the existing power system and it holds a
major share in the power industry [1]. Thus, power and control engineers used to evaluate the
impact of the wind energy conversion systems (WECS) dynamics on the existing grid. The
wind energy scenarios in India and across the world are presented in [4]-[20]. Most of the
generation of the power through the wind is based on the DFIG besides the squirrel-cage
induction generator and permanent synchronous generator. The choice of selection of the
DFIG is because of its maximum power extraction capabilities at variable wind speed and
flexible control available in its rotor network. The detailed dynamics of the DFIG based wind
generation system with its various controls is one of the most recent areas of research
nowadays.
A grid-connected DFIG based WECS uses various components which convert the kinetic
energy of the wind into electrical energy in an efficient, reliable and controlled way.
Basically, these components of WECS are categorized as mechanical, electrical and control
system. Rotor blades, nacelle, rotor hub, gear box, drive-train, pitch drive, yaw drive and
tower are included in mechanical components. Electric generator, power electronic converter,
1
three-phase grid point, etc. are assembled as electrical components [21]. The choice of
converter deployed depends upon the type of generator used. Synchronous generators are
used at conventional power plants where fixed-speed operation is achieved through the
control of the governor to the obtain constant frequency whereas the generators employed
into the WECS may rotate at fixed as well as variable speeds as the wind speed is not
constant. In fixed speed wind turbines, the stator of the generator is directly connected to the
grid and the rotor is coupled with the wind turbine through gear-box. Squirrel-cage induction
generator with terminal capacitors is one of the generators, used with the fixed-speed wind
turbines whereas doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), synchronous generator with
full-rated converter and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) are used with
variable speed wind turbines. The fixed speed induction generators are useful, as these are
robust in construction but they may not be efficient as the DFIG at variable wind speeds
while the synchronous generator has its limitation of the rating of the converter. The
mechanical and electrical conversion system is used in control related components [28]. As
the name of the DFIG suggests, it feds the power to grid form stator as well rotor depending
upon the speed of the generator. At super-synchronous speed, DFIG delivers the power from
the stator and rotor both whereas at sub-synchronous speed, the stator delivers and rotor takes
the power [29]. The dynamics of the grid-connected DFIG, its various controls and impacts
of it on the grid have been discussed by many of the authors [22]-[27] and a rich literature is
available on it. The complete modeling of DFIG connected to an infinite grid has been
derived in [30]. Further, the analysis of the different modes with no control from the rotor
side has been investigated in [31].
Mei et al in [28] have presented the modal analysis of a grid-connected doubly fed induction
generator (DFIG). The change in modal properties for different system parameters, operating
points, and grid strengths are computed and observed. The results offer a better understanding
of the DFIG intrinsic dynamics, which can also be useful for control design and model
justification. A seventh-order model has been used with four state variables for the DFIG
(stator and rotor dynamics) and three for the drive train (two-mass model). The results give
the machine local modes, i.e., oscillations of the DFIG against the external system.
It has also been concluded in [28] that the small-signal behavior is characterized by four
modes, three of which are oscillating. The slowest mode (which is the dominant mode) is the

Chapter 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter - 2

2.2. Literature Review

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.