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The Beginning
of the Gospel
Sabbath Afternoon
Read for This Week’s Study: Acts 13:1–5, 13; Acts 15:36–
39; Mark 1:1–15; Isa. 40:3; Dan. 9:24–27.
Memory Text: “Now after John was put in prison, Jesus came
to Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God, and say-
ing, ‘The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand.
Repent and believe in the gospel’ ” (Mark 1:14, 15, NKJV).
W
ho wrote the Gospel of Mark, and why was it written? No
Gospel lists the name of the author. The one that comes the
closest is John, with reference to the beloved disciple (see
John 21:20, 24).
However, from early times, each of the canonical Gospels has been
associated with either an apostle (Matthew, John) or with a companion
of an apostle. For example, the Gospel of Luke is linked with Paul (see
Col. 4:14, 2 Tim. 4:11, Philem. 1:24). The Gospel of Mark is linked
with Peter (see 1 Pet. 5:13).
Though the author of Mark never gives his name in the text, early
church tradition indicates that the author of the Gospel of Mark was
John Mark, a sometime traveling companion of Paul and Barnabas
(Acts 13:2, 5) and later an associate of Peter (1 Pet. 5:13).
The first step this week will be to learn about Mark as reported
in Scripture, to see his early failure and eventual recovery. Then the
study will turn to the opening section of Mark with a look forward to
where the story is headed and a look backward at why a failed and then
restored missionary would write such a text.
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S unday June 30
(page 7 of Standard Edition)
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It seems probable that John Mark, the most likely author of the
Gospel of Mark, was a young man when the events in Acts 12 occurred,
probably in the a.d. mid-40s. He is introduced in verse 12 as the son
of a woman named Mary. She was evidently a wealthy supporter of the
church and held the prayer meeting at her home, made famous in Acts
12. The story of Peter’s escape from prison and the subsequent actions
and then the death of Herod are replete with striking, even humorous,
contrasts between Peter and the king. John Mark does not really play
any role in the story, but the introduction of him at this point prepares
for his later connection with Barnabas and Saul.
Read Acts 13:1–5, 13. How did John Mark get attached to Saul and
Barnabas, and what was the outcome?
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Acts 13 describes the first missionary journey of Saul and Barnabas,
starting about a.d. 46. John Mark is not mentioned until verse 5, and
his role is simply as a helper or servant. No other reference is made
to the young man until verse 13, where the brief account notes that he
returned to Jerusalem.
No reason is given for this departure, and the absence of any descrip-
tion of his feelings or emotions leaves to the imagination what moti-
vated his withdrawal from the missionary effort, which no doubt was
filled with peril and challenges. Ellen G. White indicates that “Mark,
overwhelmed with fear and discouragement, wavered for a time in his
purpose to give himself wholeheartedly to the Lord’s work. Unused
to hardships, he was disheartened by the perils and privations of the
way.”—The Acts of the Apostles, p. 169. In short, things simply got too
hard for him, and so he wanted out.
Recall a time when you backed off from something—or even flat
out failed at it—in your Christian walk. What did you learn from
the experience?
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M onday July 1
(page 8 of Standard Edition)
A Second Chance
Read Acts 15:36–39. Why did Paul reject John Mark, and why did
Barnabas give him a second chance?
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The reason for Paul’s rejection of the young man is given in Acts
15:38. Mark had withdrawn from them and had not continued in the
work of ministry. Paul’s attitude is understandable, if blunt. Missionary
life, particularly in the ancient world, was rough and demanding (com-
pare with 2 Cor. 11:23–28). Paul depended on his fellow missionaries
to help carry the burden of such challenging work and conditions. In
his perspective, one who deserted so quickly did not deserve a place in
a missionary team fighting hand to hand against evil forces.
Barnabas disagreed. He saw potential in Mark and did not want to
leave the young man behind. Such a deep dispute arose between Paul
and Barnabas over John Mark that they parted ways. Paul chose Silas
to go with him, and Barnabas took Mark.
Acts does not explain why Barnabas chose to take Mark with him. In
fact, this passage is the last place that the two men appear in Acts. But
interestingly, it is not the last place Mark is mentioned in the New Testament.
Read Colossians 4:10, 2 Timothy 4:11, Philemon 24, and 1 Peter 5:13.
What details about Mark’s recovery do these verses suggest?
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An amazing transformation seems to have occurred in Mark. In these
passages, Paul indicates the value of Mark to him and to ministry. Paul
counts him as one of his fellow workers and wants Timothy to bring
Mark with him. The book of 1 Peter indicates that Peter as well had a
close relationship with Mark. These books by Paul and Peter were writ-
ten likely in the early a.d. 60s, some 15–20 years after the experience
in Acts 15. Mark clearly recovered from his failure, almost certainly
through the trust that his cousin, Barnabas, placed in him.
Consider a time when you or a friend failed and were given a sec-
ond chance. How did that experience change you and those who
helped you? How did it modify your ministry to others?
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T uesday July 2
(page 9 of Standard Edition)
The Messenger
Read Mark 1:1–8. Who are the characters in these verses, and what
do they say and do?
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These verses have three main characters: Jesus Christ, referred to in
Mark 1:1; God the Father, implied in the words of Mark 1:2; and John
the Baptist, the messenger and preacher who is the main subject of the
last section of this passage.
Mark 1:2, 3 contains a quotation from the Old Testament that Mark
presents to describe what will happen in the story. What Mark quotes is
a blending of phrases from three passages: Exodus 23:20, Isaiah 40:3,
and Malachi 3:1.
Read Exodus 23:20, Isaiah 40:3, and Malachi 3:1. What do these three
passages have in common?
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Exodus 23:20 refers to an angel that God will send before Israel to
bring them to Canaan. Isaiah 40:3 speaks of God appearing in the wil-
derness with a highway prepared before Him. Malachi 3:1 speaks of a
messenger going before the Lord to prepare His way. All three of these
passages speak of a journey.
The text in Isaiah has many ties with the ministry of John the Baptist
and also focuses on the Way of the Lord. In the Gospel of Mark, the
Lord Jesus is on a journey. The fast-moving narrative enhances the
sense of this journey, a journey that will lead to the cross and to His
sacrificial death for us.
But much must happen before He reaches the cross. The journey is
just beginning, and Mark will tell us all about it.
In keeping with the quotation from the Old Testament in Mark 1:2, 3,
John the Baptist calls for repentance, a turning away from sin, and a turning
back to God (Mark 1:4). Clothed like the ancient prophet Elijah (compare
with 2 Kings 1:8), he speaks in Mark 1:7, 8 about the One coming after
him who is mightier than he. His statement that he is not worthy to loosen a
strap of the Coming One’s sandals shows the exalted view he has of Jesus.
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W ednesday July 3
(page 10 of Standard Edition)
Jesus’ Baptism
Read Mark 1:9–13. Who is present at the baptism of Jesus, and what
happens?
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John baptizes Jesus in the Jordan River. As Jesus comes up out of the
water, He sees the heavens being torn open and the Holy Spirit descend-
ing on Him like a dove. He hears the voice of God from heaven, “ ‘You
are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased’ ” (Mark 1:11, ESV).
These events point to the importance of Jesus’ baptism. The Father,
Son, and Holy Spirit are present, together affirming the beginning of
Jesus’ ministry. The importance of this event will find its echo at the
scene of the cross in Mark 15. Many of the same elements of the story
will recur in that scene.
The Spirit drove Jesus out into the wilderness. The word “drove” is from
the Greek word ekballō, the common word used in the Gospel of Mark for
driving out demons. The Spirit’s presence here illustrates the power of the
Holy Spirit in Jesus’ life. The Lord is already starting the journey of His
ministry, and He immediately confronts Satan. The sense of the struggle in
the scene is displayed by the reference to 40 days of temptation, the pres-
ence of wild animals, and the angels ministering to Jesus.
An unusual characteristic of the opening scene of the Gospel of Mark is
that Jesus is presented as a character with both divinity and humanity. On
the side of divinity: He is the Christ, the Messiah (Mark 1:1), the Lord
announced by a messenger (Mark 1:2, 3), mightier than John (Mark
1:7), the beloved Son on whom the Spirit descends (Mark 1:10, 11).
But on the side of humanity, we see the following: He is baptized by
John (not the other way around, Mark 1:9), He is driven by the Spirit
(Mark 1:12), tempted by Satan (Mark 1:13), with wild animals (Mark
1:13), and ministered to by angels (Mark 1:13).
Why these contrasts? This points to the amazing reality of Christ, our
Lord and Savior, our God, and yet also a human being, our brother and
our example. How do we fully wrap our minds around this idea? We
can’t. But we accept it on faith and marvel at what this truth reveals to
us about God’s love for humanity.
What does it tell us about the amazing love of God that, though
Jesus was God, He would take upon Himself our humanity in
order to save us?
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T hursday July 4
(page 11 of Standard Edition)
69 Weeks
483 Literal Years
In this prophecy, one day stands for one year (Num. 14:34, Ezek. 4:6).
The prophecy began in 457 b.c. with the decree issued by Artaxerxes,
king of Persia, completing the work of restoring Jerusalem (see Ezra 7).
Sixty-nine prophetic weeks would extend to a.d. 27, the time when
Jesus was baptized and anointed with the Holy Spirit at the commence-
ment of His ministry.
His crucifixion would take place three and a half years later.
Finally, the completion of the seventieth week would occur in a.d. 34
when Stephen was stoned and the gospel message started going to the
Gentiles as well as to the Jews.
When was the last time you studied the 70-week prophecy? How
can knowing this prophecy help increase your faith not only in
Jesus but in the trustworthiness of the prophetic Word?
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F riday July 5
(page 12 of Standard Edition)
Discussion Questions:
Ê Compare and contrast John the Baptist and Jesus in Mark
1:1–13. What special lessons do you learn from the way they are pre-
sented?
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i n s i d e
Story
Bewildered Shaman: Part 1
By Andrew McChesney
Father was the most prominent person in his small town in Nepal.
Everyone sought his help. Townspeople believed that his animal sacrifices
could cure any disease. Father came from a long line of shamans, and he
became the shaman after the death of his father, who also was a shaman.
Father believed that his rituals wielded great power in the spirit world, so
he was puzzled when he couldn’t help the person whom he loved most—
his wife. He couldn’t cure her or even diagnose her illness. He sacrificed a
chicken, but her pain remained. He gave money to another shaman, but she
lost weight. He took her to a physician, but she grew weaker.
Father’s bewilderment grew when his adult daughter, Divya, returned
home to help her mother. He came home one day and couldn’t find Mother
or Divya. Searching the house, he finally found them in an upstairs room,
kneeling on the floor and talking to someone he couldn’t see.
Father was astonished. He suspected something was terribly wrong. But
he quietly slipped out of the room so as to not disturb them. He wondered
whether his daughter had secretly become a shaman like him.
When he saw Divya later, he asked what she and Mother had been doing.
“We were praying to my God to heal Mother,” Divya said.
“Which God?” Father asked. He worshiped many gods.
“To my God, Jesus,” she said. “I have left our family religion. I have found
a new God in Jesus.” She explained that her God created the heavens and the
earth. “If I pray, He will hear and heal Mother,” she said.
Father didn’t believe it. He didn’t see how this God could be any more
powerful than any of the family gods.
When Divya needed to return to her home in another town, she asked to
take Mother with her. “She is sick, and you don’t have time to take care of
her because you are working,” she said. “I’ll take her with me.”
Father, who worked both as a shaman and a construction worker, agreed.
He was unable to help Mother, and he doubted that she would last long.
“She is your mother,” he said. “If she dies, let me know.”
Six months passed before Father saw Mother again. He traveled to Divya’s
house and was surprised to find Mother healthy. He was full of questions.
“Why is Mother well?” he asked. “What medicine did you give her?”
Divya replied that she had only prayed to God. “God heard my request,”
she said. “Now Mother is well and happy and goes to church with me.”
Father didn’t believe it. He laughed. He had never heard of such a God
who healed without an animal sacrifice or another ritual.
This mission story illustrates Mission Objective No. 2 of the Seventh-day Adventist Church’s “I
Will Go” strategic plan, “To strengthen and diversify Adventist outreach . . . among unreached
and under-reached people groups.” For more information, go to the website: IWillGo2020.org.
Provided by the General Conference Office of Adventist Mission, which uses Sabbath School
12 mission offerings to spread the gospel worldwide. Read new stories daily at AdventistMission.org.
teachers comments
Part I: Overview
Key Text: Mark 1:1
Study Focus: Mark 1
Introduction: In the first verse of his Gospel, Mark encapsulates the
theme not only of the opening chapter but of his entire account: “the gos-
pel of Jesus Christ.” In a century in which people often were enticed by the
allure of “a gospel contrary to that which [they] received” (Gal. 1:9, RSV),
Mark introduces his account with its transcendent opening statement in
order to highlight the essence of the Christian religion: the good news
about Jesus Christ. Jesus revealed the gospel not only to those who were
restored by His healing touch but also to a disparate faith community that
needed to believe it. According to Mark’s perspective, Jesus, ultimately,
is the gospel.
Lesson Themes: This week’s study reviews two components of the first
verse of the Gospel according to Mark: the phrase “the gospel of Jesus
Christ,” and then, more specifically, the name “Jesus Christ” itself.
1. “The gospel of Jesus Christ.” For Mark, the gospel, or euangeliou, is
God’s good news, rooted in the Holy Scriptures, proclaimed by Christ
in the synagogues and revealed in His earthly ministry. As such, the
good news of God also is, in verity, the good news of Jesus.
2. “Jesus Christ.” Mark presents Jesus in the many facets of His ministry.
Jesus is the Son of God and the Holy One. He also is referred to as a
great teacher and preacher, as well as a compassionate healer, in the
region of Galilee and beyond.
“The Beginning of . . .”
Each of the four New Testament Gospels commence with references to “the
beginning” of Jesus Christ. The Gospel of Matthew starts with the ancestral
origin of Jesus, specifically His human lineage, as “the son of David, the
son of Abraham” (Matt. 1:1, NASB). Luke prefaces his Gospel account with
the disclosure that it starts from “the beginning” of Jesus’ public ministry,
as narrated by eyewitnesses (Luke 1:2, NASB). “The beginning” of John is
special because it refers to a time before the dawn of human history, a time
beyond “the beginning” of Genesis itself. “The beginning” of John goes
back to the eternity of Jesus Christ: “In the beginning was the Word” (John
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teachers comments
1:1, NASB). In contrast, Mark begins his account with the words “[t]he
beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ” (Mark 1:1, NASB). That is, Mark
purposes to narrate the gospel of Jesus Christ right from its start.
Mark introduces his Gospel with a statement that summarizes the topic
of his book: “the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God”
(Mark 1:1, NASB). In this sentence, the two main words or phrases we
shall consider closely are “gospel” and “Jesus Christ.”
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teachers comments
“Jesus Christ”
Another key set of words at the beginning of the Gospel according to Mark
is “Jesus Christ.” How does Mark portray Jesus?
Throughout his account, Mark depicts Jesus as the “Son of God” (Mark
1:1), “the Son of Man” (Mark 9:31, NKJV), and the “Son of David” (Mark
10:47). Of these three identities, Jesus’ divine credentials are presented at
the beginning of Mark’s Gospel.
Him. Moreover, they recognize that they will be destroyed before His
presence (Mark 1:24).
Jesus as a Healer
As we just noted, the ministry of Jesus, as portrayed in the first chapter of
Mark, is not linked to a specific city. Nor is it linked to a specific place, such
as the synagogue. Thus, Mark presents Jesus as “going along by the Sea of
Galilee” (Mark 1:16, NASB1995). Mark also tells us that Jesus goes to the
house of Simon and Andrew (Mark 1:29). Jesus ventures to a secluded place
(Mark 1:35). His ministry reaches all regions of Galilee and the surrounding
areas (Mark 1:28), including the unpopulated areas (Mark 1:45). He actively
seeks to reach people where they are.
In addition to an active ministry in teaching and preaching, Jesus was
very active in bringing healing to suffering souls. Jesus’ mission involved the
wholistic restoration of the human being. He healed a man who was afflicted
with convulsions (Mark 1:23–26). He restored Simon’s mother-in-law, who was
prostrate with fever (Mark 1:30, 31). Jesus liberated and healed the demon-
possessed (Mark 1:32–34, 39). He was not indifferent to the woeful plight of a
leper who came to Him in desperation. Undeterred by the contagion, Jesus laid
His hand upon him and healed him (Mark 1:40–42). Jesus is the incarnation of
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teachers comments
the good news, the gospel, for many people, as narrated by Mark. “And the
whole city had gathered at the door” (Mark 1:33, NASB), “they were coming
to Him from everywhere” (Mark 1:45, NASB). His ministry brought restora-
tion to the entire being. Restoration is the substance of the gospel of Jesus
Christ in its most practical terms.
From Paul, we learn of the prevalence of many “other” gospels during the
first century, apart from the one that he taught. Sad to say, many Christians
were duped by “a different gospel” (Gal. 1:6, NASB) or a distorted one.
Invite your students to contemplate the following questions:
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