Modifiers

Kabir
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‡h Word ev Phrase- Noun-c~‡e© A_ev c‡i e‡m D³ Noun -‡K modify K‡i A_©vr D³ Noun m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i Zv‡K Modifier
e‡j| Modifier g~jZ t Sentence- Gi g‡a¨ Adjective-Gi KvR K‡i|
He is a wise man.
The boy playing in the field is strong.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii cÖ_g Sentence -G "Wise"- adjective-wU man Noun-wUi c~‡e© e‡m †m m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| ZvB Wise Sentence-
G Modifier.
Avevi 2q Sentence-G playing in the field-G phrase- wU "boy" Noun- wUi c‡i e‡m D³ Noun m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| "playing
in the field" phrase-wU 2q Sentence-G Modifier.

Note : (i) Determiners, Adjectives Gi Noun-Adjective Modifier Gi KvR K‡i|

(ii) Modifier me mgq Noun Phrase Gi head word - Gi c~‡e© ev c‡i e‡m|
A‡bK mgq Adverbial Phrase Gi Modifier _v‡K|

Modifier `y cÖKvi t 1. Pre-modifier,

2. Post-modifier
Pre modifier

Pre k‡ãi A_© c~‡e©| ZvB †h Modifier-Noun ev Noun phrase- Gi c~‡e© e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i Zv‡K pre-modifier e‡j| D‡jøL¨ pre-
modifier Noun phrase- Gi head word- Gi c~‡e Ges Determiner-Gi c‡i e‡m|

Different Types of pre modifier

1. Adjectives as Pre modifier: G‡¶‡Î Adjective Noun ev Noun phrase- Gi c~‡e© e‡m Pre modifier- Gi KvR K‡i|
Adjective- Gi G ai‡bi use ‡K Attributive use ejv nq|
He is an intelligent boy.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-G "intelligent" adjective-wU "boy" Noun-Gi c~‡e e‡m Pre modifier Gi KvR K‡i‡Q|
A wise man cannot commit a great blunder.
Our country needs many honest workers.
The most young beautiful lady drew the attention of the audience.

2. Participles as pre modifier: Avgiv Rvwb participles memgq Adjective-Gi KvR K‡i| Avevi Adjective me©`v Noun-‡K
modify K‡i| ZvB Participle hLb Noun-Gi c~‡e© e‡m D³ Noun ‡K modify K‡i ZLb Zv pre modifier Ges participle hLb Noun Gi c~‡e©
e‡m D³ Noun ‡K modify K‡i ZLb Zv pre modifier Ges Pre-modifier Ges participle hLb Noun- Gi c~‡e© e‡m Noun- ‡K modify K‡i
ZLb Zv Post-modifier.

(i) Present participle as pre modifier (Verb-Gi present form Gi mv‡_ ing without any AV if acts like an adjective):
A sleeping dog seldom bites.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii sentence-wU‡Z sleep-G verb- wUi mv‡_ ing ‡hvM n‡q Zv Adjective- Gi KvR K‡i| KviY sleeping Øviv KzKziwU †Kgb Zv cÖKvk
Ki‡Q| Dc‡iv³ sleeping-G present participle-wU Noun-Gi c~‡e© e‡m‡Q| ZvB Sleeping D³ Sentence-G pre-modifier.
A drowning man catches at a straw.
All the hopes of the promising boy were nipped in the bud.
Don't get down from a running train.
Casablanca stood on the burning deck.
(ii) Past Participles as Premodifier (g~j Verb-Gi Past Participle form if acts like an adjective)
He bought a rotten fish.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z rot-Verb-Gi Past Participle "rotten" Ges Zv Adjective-Gi KvR Ki‡Q| KviY rotten Øviv gvQwU
†Kgb Zv cÖKvk cv‡”Q| AwaKš‘ rotten-G Participle-wU fish Noun-Gi c~‡e e‡m‡Q| ZvB "rotten" Pre-modifier.
Everybody respects a learned man.
They live in abandoned water.
We should not drink polluted water.
He showed me the written order of the principal.
(iii) Perfect Participle as Pre-modifier: ‡h †Kvb Verb Gi Past Participle Gi c~‡e© having hy³ Ki‡j Perfect Participle MwVZ nq|
Perfect Participle me mgq Phrase AvKv‡i _v‡K Ges GwU Verb Gi Pre-modifier wnmv‡e Mb¨ nq| Having + PP
Having finished the homework, the students started for school.
 Kabir
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3. Noun-adjective as Pre modifier: A‡bK mgq Noun-I Noun-‡K modify K‡i| hLb `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m, ZLb cÖ_g Noun-
wU wØZxq Noun wU‡K modify K‡i e‡j Zv Adjective.
We bought a train ticket.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z train ticket `ywUB Noun Ges Zv cvkvcvwk e‡m‡Q| cÖ_g Noun "train" wØZxq Noun "ticket" Gi c~‡e© e‡m Zv‡K
modify K‡i| ZvB train D³ sentence-G Pre modifier.
We enjoyed a football match yesterday.
Let us go out by the sea beach.
A train journey is pleasant.

4. Demonstratives as Pre-modifier: Demonstrative pronoun (this, these, that, those, such) Pre-modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ
nq|
I bought this book yesterday.
Those boys are playing in the field.

5. Determiners as pre-modifiers: Determiners A_©vr Articles (a, an, the) Pre-modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|
He bought a pen. The boy took an egg.
The Padma is a big river.

6. Quantifiers are pre-modifiers: Quantifiers A_©vr No, any, some, few, a few, several, every, either, neither, each, a
good many, a great many, enough, much, lots of, a lot of, little, very little, a little, more, most, less, least, a number of, the
number of, a great number of, a good deal of, a great deal of, plenty of, many BZ¨vw` pre-modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|
The man has much money.
Give me a little rice.
He bought five books from the book fair.

7. Compounds as Pre modifier: A‡bK mgq Compounds Pre modifier-Gi KvR K‡i| Compounds n‡jv GKvw`K k‡ãi mgš^q hv
GKwU Single Noun Gi KvR K‡i|
A hard-working student can shine in life.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z hard-working Compound-wU hard Ges working-G kã `yÕwUi mgš^‡q MwVZ n‡q‡Q Ges Zv student GB Noun-
wUi c~‡e© e‡m, Zv‡K modify K‡i‡Q| ZvB hard-working-G Compound-wU "Student" Noun-wUi Premodifier.
He bought a brand-new car.
We got into a first-class compartment.
The man came here wearing an old-fashioned shirt.
It is a back-dated idea.
He sold his out-of-order machine.

8. Possessive as Pre modifier: G †¶‡Î Possessive (my, our, your, their, her, his, its, noun’s) Noun-Gi c~‡e© e‡m
Premodifier wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
His brother has gone to Japan.
Our country is very fertile.
Mr. Rahim's shirt is new.

9. Adverb as Pre modifier: wKQy Adverb ‡hgb - then, above, down, up etc. Noun Gi c~‡e© e‡m Modifier wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|
The then Headmaster was a learned man. (The word which modifies adjective, verb and another adverb)
e¨vL¨v: Dc‡ii Sentence-G "then"-G Adverb-wU "Headmaster"-G Noun-wUi c~‡e© e‡m Pre modifier wn‡m‡e KvR Kv‡i|
1. Adverb of Manner: Adjective + ly: Nicely, usually, naturally, usefully
2. Adverb of Time: Now, then, once, often, sometimes, never, yesterday, today, tomorrow, regularly,
always, ever, suddenly
3. Adverb of Place: Here, there, up, over, above, bottom, under, down, below, beside, behind, forward,
top
The down train will leave now.
The above passage is difficult.
10. General Ordinals as Pre-modifier: General Ordinals A_©vr Other, the other, next, last, another, further etc. Noun
Gi c~‡e© e‡m Modifier wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|
The injured opener will be replaced by another player.
I will buy the other mangoes.
Further warning is not necessary.

Post Modifier
Kabir Sir
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Post k‡ãi A_© c‡i| ZvB †h modifier Noun ev Noun Phrase-Gi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i Zv‡Kv Post Modifier e‡j|
Different Types of Post Modifiers

(i) Infinitive Phrase as Post Modifier: To+Verb-Gi c‡i AwZwi³ kã ewm‡q Infinitive phrase MwVZ nq|
Infinitive = To + Verb
Infinitive Phrase = To + Verb + Something
He made an attempt to escape punishment.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z "to escape punishment"-G infinitive phrase-wU "attempt" Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify
K‡i‡Q| ZvB D³ Sentence-G "to escape punishment" "attempt" Noun-wUi post Modifier.
His plan to start the business ended in smoke.
His scheme to found a hospital did not come true.
Her decision to study medicine was appreciated.
I took a determination to pass the examination.

(ii) Present Participle Phrase as Post Modifier: Verb + ing + something

The boy standing at the door is known to me.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z standing at the door G Present Participle Phrase-wU "boy" Noun-wU Posdt Modifier.
I saw the porter lying on the floor.
He found the girl reading a book.
They watched the train leaving the station.

(iii) Past Participle Phrase as Post Modifier: Verb3 + something

The machines made in a local factory are working well.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z "made in a local factory" G past participle phrase-wU "machines" Noun-wUi post Modifier.
The book published in 1993 has been revised.
The building constructed fifty years ago collapsed last week.
The letter signed by the principle was posted.

(iv) Perfect Participle as Post Modifier: (Having + PP)

Prize money was given to the swimmer having reached the touchline first.
Jobs were offered only to the youths having done well in the previous competitions.

(v) Prepositional phrase as post modifier: Prepositional phrase hLb Post Modifier wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i ZLb AwaKvsk †¶‡Î Zv‡K
Relative Clause/Subordinate Adjective Clause-G iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv hvq|
Preposition + something (Avoid: to + verb, for + verb + ing)
The road to Khulna is spacious.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z "to Khulna" G preposition phrase-wU"road" Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K Modify K‡i‡Q| D‡jøL¨ The road to
Khulna Øviv g~jZ t The road that leads to Khulna eySvq ev Relative Clause ev Subordinate Adjective Clause.
The boy in torn cloth is very poor.
The fish on the pan is very fresh.
The man on board the ship was clever.

(vi) Appositive as post modifier: hLb `yÕwU Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m GKB e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K eySvq ZLb wØZxq Noun-wU cÖ_g Noun-wUi m¤ú‡K©
AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i|
Mr. Ahmed, principal of our college, is a good administrator.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-G "principal of our college" G Appositive-wU "Mr. Ahmed"-G Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m D³ Noun-‡K modify
K‡i Zvi m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i|
We invited Mr. Islam, a great physician of Bangladesh.
Babor, emperor of Delhi, was a pious man.
(vii) Adjective as post modifier: Adjective ‡K modify K‡i mvaviYZt Zvi c~‡e© e‡m| wKš‘ A‡bK mgq Zv wKQz Noun Ges pronoun
(something, everyone, anyone) Gi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i|
All the members present in the meeting were against the proposal.
e¨vL¨v t Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z " Present" G Adjective-wU members Noun-Gi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i‡Q| ZvB Present-G
Adjective-wU members Noun-wUi Post Modifier.
I don't find anything wrong in the papers.
There is something abnormal in his behaviour.
Is there anyone interested in art?

(viii) Relative clause as Post Modifier: Relative Clause me©`v Noun- Gi c‡i e‡m D³ Noun-‡K modify K‡i|
Relative Pronoun: That, who, which, what, where, when, why, whose, whom, how
The boy who lost his pen is poor.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z "who lost his pen" G Relative Clause-wU "boy" Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i‡Q| ZvB "who lost
his pen" G Relative Clause-wU "boy" Noun-wUi Post Modifier.
The lady who ate many items was greedy.
I bought a pen which was black.
She took a cabin that was small.
Do you know the boy who came here yesterday?

(ix) Adverb as post Modifier:

The questions below are to be answered.
e¨vL¨vt Dc‡ii Sentence-wU‡Z "Below" G Adverb-wU "questions"-G Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i‡Q| ZvB Below Adverb-wU
"questions" Noun-wUi c‡i e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i‡Q| ZvB "below"Adverb-wU "questions" Noun -wUi most modifier.
The man behind is his brother.
The beggar there is waiting for alms.

Intensifier

Intensifier kãwU mvaviYZ Adjective I Adverb Gi Dci AwaK †Rvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î e¨envi Kiv nq| ZvB Adjective I Adverb ‡K Post
modify Kiv gv‡b Zv‡`i c~‡e© Intensifier e¨envi Kiv|
List of Intensifiers: Very, extremely, much, so, more, most, least, too etc.
The people living by the Padma are very poor.
This sum is too difficult for the students to solve.
Their economic condition is extremely bad.

Nominal Adjective

What is a nominal adjective?

We know that adjectives are words that modify (or describe) nouns, such as the word red in “the red jacket,” or the word
beautiful in “that girl is beautiful.”
Nominal adjectives, on the other hand, are adjectives that perform the function of a noun in a sentence. They are headed by
the word ‘the’. They can be found as the subject or the object of a sentence or clause. For example:
“The elderly are a great source of wisdom.”
“The French have amazing restaurants.”
“The opposite of up is down.”
“The best is yet to come.”
In the examples above, the nominal adjectives do not modify any other noun — they’re acting as nouns themselves.
Specifically, they are performing the function of the subject of the sentences, but, as we mentioned, they can also function
as objects. For example:
“We should treat the elderly with respect.”
“This law protects the innocent.”
“We all want the best for her.”

Important Note:
Pre-modify the noun = Adjective
Pre-modify the adjective = Adverb
Post-modify the verb = Adverb
Post-modify the adverb = Adverb
 Modifiers
Practice Sheet 01
Kabir Sir
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Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
1. NCTB
I experienced a very interesting incident (a) - (Post-modify the verb) on my way to Dinajpur. My friend Tamalika, (b) - (post-
modify the noun with an appositive) was driving. A cow was crossing the road but suddenly in the middle of the road it stopped
and remained standing. In a minute Tamalika had to change her course but she didn't have (c) -- (pre-modify the noun) time
and space to do that. Tamalika tried to turn in the left when the cow too walked (d) -- (post-modify the verb) back a few steps.
To save (e) - (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) cow Tamalika had to move in the right. She lost her control and
bumped (AvNvZ Kiv) the car with a (f) - (Use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) tree. (g) - (Use a participle to pre-modify
the verb) Tamalika was shocked but she was (h) -- (Use an intensifier to premodify the adjective.) happy (i) - (Use an infinitive
phrase to post-modify the verb). She patted (Pvcovb) the (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) cow and burst into laughter.
(a) last week (b) a famous athlete (c) enough (d) slowly (e) that (f) jackfruit (g) Seeing the damage in her new car (h) very (i) to
save the cow (j) naughty

2. DB 23
Cricket is an (a) --- (pre-modify the noun) game. It is not a game of (b) --- (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. A
(use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) match is played between two teams. (d) --- (use a distributive pronoun to per-
modify the noun) team consists of eleven players. A cricket field must be (e) -- (post modify the noun). It requires two wooden
bats, a ball & two sets of stamps. (f) --- use a numeral adjective to pre-modify the noun) umpires conduct the game. Sometimes,
a third umpire is required (g) ---- (use infinitive to post-modify the verb) an acute confusion. (h) ---- use a participle to pre-
modify the noun) the opportunity, the batter hits the ball away at a good distance and runs to the opposite wicket. If (i) --- (use
an indefinite pronoun to pre-modify the noun) batter is out, next batter comes in his place. Both teams try (j) ---- (use an
adverbial phrase to post modify) to out all batters of the opposite.
(a) international/elite/exciting; (b) our; (c) cricket; (d) Each; (e) well-maintained/well managed/ tidy/neat and clean; (f) Two; (g)
to resolve/to clear/to remove; (h) Having/Taking; (i) any; (j) their best/heart and soul/hard enough

3. SB 23
Drug addiction among the young generation has become a (a) ---- (pre-modify the noun) concern. Drug is mainly used as
medicine (b) ---- (use an infinitive to post modify the verb) diseases and an excess of taking drug for no disease is called drug
addiction. It has grasped the young generation (c) ---- (post modify the verb). They take drugs to forget (d) ---- (use possessive to
pre-modify the noun) sadness. (e) ---- (pre modify the noun) people take drugs (f) ---- (use adverb to post modify). Drug
addiction causes (g) ---- (pre modify the noun) harm to human body. (h) ---- (use a participle) them aware, we can remove this
curse from our society. All concerned should take initiatives (i) --- (use an infinitive to post modify the verb) it. The criminals
should be punished with an (j) ---- (use a noun adjective) hand.
(a) great/major; (b) to treat/cure/remove; (c) severely/seriously/extremely/ worldwide/across the world; (d) their; (e)
Young/Addicted; (f) regularly/recklessly/ thoughtlessly/widely; (g) serious/ severe; (h) Making; (i) to eradicate/to remove/to
prevent; (j) iron

4. RB 23
People around were just watching as the (a) --- (pre-modify the noun) boy started (b) ---- (post-modify the verb) into the (c) ----
(pre-modify the noun) canal. Then the traffic constable came. (d) ---- (pre-modify the noun with a present participle) no time, he
jumped into the canal. The (e) ----- (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) constable did not think of his (f) ---- (pre-modify the
noun) life. He was (g) --- (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) kind that he risked his life. life. People (h) --- (post-
modify the noun) by the canal praised him (i) --- (post-modify the verb with an adverb). This type of person is a model (j) -----
(post-modify the noun).
(a) young/small/little; (b) to fall/to drown/drowning/falling; (c) deep/nearby; (d) Wasting/ Taking/Spending; (e)
brave/courageous/responsible; (f) own/valuable; (g) so; (h) standing;
(i) highly; (j) to be followed
5. JB 23
Language plays a (a) --- (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) important role in our life. We use language from the time
we wake up (b) --- (post-modify the verb) till we go to bed at night. We use language not only in our (c) --- (pre-modify the
noun) hours, but also in our dreams. We use language (d) --- (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what we feel and to say
what we like or dislike. We also use language (e) ---- (post modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) ---
(pre-modify the adjective) present in our life. It is an (g) ---- (pre-modify the noun) part of our life. As an (h) ---- (pre-modify the
noun) nation we also have a language. But we had to struggle (i) ---- (use adverb to post-modify the verb) to establish the right
to our language. Many (j) ----(pre-modify the noun with an adjective) sons of our country sacrificed their lives for our mother-
tongue.
(a) very; (b) in the morning; (c) conscious/active/waking; (d) to express; (e) to share/to gather;
(f) always; (g) integral/inevitable; (h) independent; (i) a lot/hard/enormously; (j) brave/ courageous/bold

6. CB 23
Amerigo, (a) --- (use noun in apposition) lives alone. His parents now live separate and none of them wants (b) --- (use infinitive
to post-modify the verb) his responsibility. (c) --- (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) mother told him to go away because
she is married to another man. (d) --- (use determiner to premodify the noun) streets are now his home. He wanted (e) --- (use
adjective to premodify (use noun the noun) money from his father to buy a (f) ---- use noun adjective to premodify the noun)
ticket. But his father did not answer. He earns his living by working hard. (g) --- (use adverbial to premodify the verb) he finds
work. Some of (h) --- (use demonstrative to premodify the noun) works are very risky for him. Once he sold ice-cream (i) -- (use
prepositional phrase to post modify the verb). But he got (j) --- (use quantifier to premodify the noun) money in return from the
owner of the ice-cream shop.
(a) a helpless street boy; (b) to take; (c) His; (d) The; (e) some; (f) bus; (g) At times; (h) these; (i) on the beach; (j) no

7. MB 23
The purpose of education is to bring about (a) --- (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) changes in (b) - (use a possessive to
pre-modify the noun) behaviour. It also brings changes in our lives and society (c) --- (use a relative clause to post-modify the
noun). If it fails to do so, it can't be called education. Education is not only receiving certificates and getting grades. It is (d) ---
(use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) more than that, we can apply our (e) --- (use a part participle to pre-modify the
noun) knowledge in our engagement with the world that lies (f) --- (use an adverb to post-modify the verb). We can do that in
(g) --- (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) ways. One way is civic engagement which is (h) --- (use an adverb to pre-modify
the verb 'appreciated') appreciated all over the world. Civic engagement means working to make difference in civic life (i) ---
(use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun 'life'). A person (j) --- (use a past participle to post modify the noun)
civically is concerned about civic issues like injustice, discrimination and other forms of social ills.
(a) positive/effective; (b) our; (c) in which we live/where we live; (d) much/far; (e) acquired;
(f) around/ahead; (g) different/many; (h) highly/greatly; (i) of the community/of a person/of every citizen; (j).engaged/
behaving
8. DjB 23
An (a) ---- (pre-modify the noun) student is he, who has (b) --- (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) good qualities. He
studies (c) --- (post modify the verb). He knows that the (d) --- (pre-modify the noun) duty of a student is to study. So, he never
neglects (e) --- (use a possessive) duty. He even makes the proper use of (f) --- (use a determiner to pre-modify the noun)
moment. Sabuj, (g) --- (post modify the noun with an appositive) of our class is an example of a good student. Sabuj is (h) ---
(pre-modify the adjective) helpful to us. I try (i) --- (modify the verb with an infinitive) a boy like Sabuj. I want to be one of the (j)
---- (pre-modify the noun) stars in the class.
(a) ideal; (b) many; (c) regularly/attentively; (d) main; (e) his; (f) every; (g) the first boy; (h) very;
(i) to follow; (j) brightest
9. BB 23
Kazi Nazrul Islam is called the Shelley of Bangla literature. He was a (a) -- (premodify the noun) poet. He wrote (b) --- (post
modify the verb) in almost all branches of Bangla literature. Nazrul, (c) --- (post modify the noun with appositive), won the
attention of everybody in his early childhood. He wrote ceaselessly until the death of (d) - (use possessive to premodify the
noun) poetic flair. He composed (e) ---- (premodify the noun) songs (f) --- (post modify the noun with an adjective clause). His
literary works have enriched (g) --- (pre-modify the noun with noun adjective) literature. His poems and songs played a great
role (h) --- (post modify the verb with an infinitive phrase) in our war of liberation. He (i) --- (pre-modify the verb) sang the songs
of equality in his poetry. He is (j) --- (pre-modify the noun with determiner) pride, no doubt.
(a) great / famous/rebel/revolutionary; (b) profusely/effectively/hugely/relentlessly/ successfully/ tirelessly; (c) a
literary/prodigy/a great literary talent; (d) his; (e) many; (f) which are loved/ appreciated by all; (g) Bangla; (h) to encourage
people; (i) always; (j) our
10. CtgB 23
We know that (a) — (use quantifier to premodify the noun) species are important for maintaining (b) — (pre modify the noun)
balance. If one is lost, the whole natural environment changes (c) — (post modify the verb). In order to protect the environment
from being spoilt, we should protect (d) — (use possessive to pre modify the noun) wildlife. (e) — (use determiner to pre
modify the noun phrase) good news is that many countries are taking action (f) — (use infinitive phrase to post-modify the
verb). George Laycock, (g) --- (use appositive to post modify the noun) writes, "Mankind must develop a concern for wild
creatures and determine that (h) —(use demonstrative to pre modify the noun) wild species will not perish (i) — (use
prepositional phrase as post modifier). We have to save wild animals (j) --- (use relative clause as post modifier).
(a) all; (b) ecological; (c) greatly/certainly; (d) our; (e) The; (f) to protect their endangered species;
(g) author of several books on wildlife; (h) these; (i) owing to our callousness; (j) that save ourselves

11. DB 19
Arsenic is a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) substance. It is (b) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dangerous for
human health. (c) -- (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) substance is found in the water of the tubewell. There are (d)
-- (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) villages in (e) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. Most of our (f) —
(use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) people drink tubewell water. As a result, many of them are suffering from arsenic
problem. This problem is (g) — (pre-modify the verb) found in North Bengal. We should take proper measures (h) - (post-modify
the verb with an infinitive phrase). Government is trying to mark the tubewells having arsenic (i) — (use a participle to post
modify the verb) red colour. People should be refrained from drinking water of (j) -- (use demonstrative to pre-modify the
noun) tubewells. Otherwise, they will suffer from arsenicosis.
(a) dangerous/poisonous; (b) very; (c) This; (d) many; (e) our; (f) village; (g) mostly/hugely/largely; (h) to remain safe/to stop
this problem; (i) painting; (j) these

12. RB 19
Taking food is essential. We take food (a) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). We cannot survive on earth if we
do not take food. In fact (b) — (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun phrase) living beings need to take food. But it is a
matter of great regret that (c) — (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) food is being adulterated. (d)— (use a noun-adjective
to pre-modify the noun) adulteration is increasing (e) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adverb) alarmingly that we cannot
stop it. (f) — (use a determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) dishonest businessmen use (g) — (pre-modify the noun)
chemicals in food and fruits to make illegal and quick money. But they do not think about (h) — (use a possessive to pre-modify
.the noun) health. (i) — (use present participle) adulterated food, people get sick. They are often attacked with different fatal
diseases. So (j) - (use a gerund) food safety is a must today.
(a) to preserve our health/to satisfy our hunger; (b) all; (c) our; (d) Food; (e) so; (f) The; (g) poisonous/toxic; (h) our;
(i) Taking/Consuming/Eating/Having; (j) Ensuring/Maintaining.

13. DjB 19
Bangladesh is a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) country. Though it is a small country, it has a (b) — (pre-modify the noun)
population. People (c) -- (pre-modify the verb with an adverb) depend on agriculture. They grow different kinds of crops (d) —
(post modify the verb with an adverbial phrase). We earn (e) - (pre-modify the noun with a noun adjective) currencies by
exporting some of these crops. We are also rich in (f) -- (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) resources. Now, we are able (g)
— (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) natural gas from underground. Our industries are also rising (h) -- (post-modify
the verb with an adverb). We export (i) — (pre-modify the noun with a noun-adjective) products to the developed countries. In
this regard, we have already earned a (j) -- (pre-modify the noun) reputation.
(a) small; (b) huge; (c) mainly/ largely/mostly; (d) around/throughout the year; (e) foreign; (f) natural; (g) to extract; (h)
rapidly/fast; (i) garment; (j) huge.

14. JB 19
Air and water are the most (a) -- (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) elements of the environment. But we are polluting
them (b) — (post modify the verb with an adverb). Mills and factories use fuel (c) - (post modify the verb with an infinitive) their
products. The burning of this fuel creates smoke (d) — (post modify the verb with an adverbial). Motor vehicles also pollute the
air, (e) — (use an appositive). Water is polluted by (f) — (pre-modify the noun with a quantifier) kinds of waste and filth. We
also contaminate water (g) -- (post-modify the verb with a present participle phrase) into it. Farmers use (h) — (pre-modify the
noun with an adjective) fertilizers and insecticides and pollute water. (i) — (pre-modify the noun with a past participle) water is
(j) — (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) harmful for health.
(a) important; (b) carelessly/ indiscriminately; (c) to produce; (d) profusely; (e) the most vital element of the environment; (f)
many; (g) throwing oil, food waste and human waste; (h) chemical; (i) Polluted; (j) very.
15. CB 19
Newspaper plays a very (a) — (pre-modify the noun) role in modern civilization. It publishes news and views of home and
abroad. Only (b) - (pre-modify the noun) knowledge is not enough in this competitive world. A newspaper helps a man (c) -
(post-modify the verb with infinitive) his general knowledge. Besides academic books, one should read newspapers (d) -
(post-modify the verb). Newspaper helps one (e) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) the facts of the world. (f) - (pre-
modify the verb with a present participle phrase) regularly, one can be aware of everything. There are (g) - (pre-modify the
noun) kinds of newspapers. One should select the newspaper (h) -- (post-modify the verb). One should choose the (i) — (pre-
modify the noun) paper because many newspapers present news partially. Whatever the paper is, it (j) - (pre-modify the verb)
helps a man.
(a) important; (b) bookish; (c) to enrich; (d) regularly; (e) to know; (f) Reading newspaper; (g) various/different/many; (h)
wisely/properly; (i) impartial; (j) certainly/always
16. CtgB 19
We can't think of our existence without language. It plays a (a) — (use an intensifier) important role in our life. We use language
from the time we wake up (b) -- (post-modify the verb) till we go to bed at night. We use language not only in our (c) - (pre-
modify the noun) hours but also in our dreams. We use language (d) — (use an infinitive) what we feel and to say what we like
or dislike. We also use language (e) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) information. Language is (f) — (pre-modify the
adjective) present in our life. It is an (g) — (pre-modify the noun) part of our life. As an (h) --- (pre-modify the noun) nation, we
also have a language. But we had to struggle (i) — (post-modify the verb) to establish the right of our language. Many (j) -- (pre-
modify the noun) sons sacrificed their lives for the language.
(a) very; (b) in the morning; (c) waking; (d) to express; (e) to obtain/to get; (f) ever/always; (g) inseparable/integral; (h)
independent; (i) hard; (j) valiant.
17. SB 19
A library is a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) of knowledge. The students (b) — (use a participle) to all classes visit it in their library
periods. Our college library is housed in two rooms. (c) — (pre-modify the noun) almirahs are placed in one room. The other
room is the (d) — (use a participle to modify the noun) room where magazines, journals and newspapers are placed. There are
about five thousand books in our library which are arranged (e) — (post modify the verb). Any type of book can be traced in no
time. The books cater (satisfy) to the needs and interests (f) — (use a prepositional phrase). There are two separate sections in
the library. One of them contains reference books like (g) -- (use nouns) etc. The other section contains books (h) -- (use
prepositional phrase). Every student has a library (i)— (use a noun). The reading room is always crowded (j) -- (post modify the
verb) in the afternoon.
(a) store house/store; (b) attending/belonged; (c) All/Many/The; (d) reading; (e) alphabetically/systematically; (f) of the
students/of the readers; (g) Macbeth, king Lear etc.; (h) of different subjects/tastes; (i) card; (j) usually/particularly.
18. BB 19
The roads (a) -- (use an adjective phrase to post modify the noun) are beset with problems. (b) — (pre-modify the noun) driving
is one of them. Most of the drivers are not (c) -- (pre-modify the participle) trained. They are not well educated. They can (d) --
(use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) put their signature and read Bengali. They are indifferent (উদাসীন) to (e) -- (use a noun
adjective) life. They do not realize that life is (f) --- (use a determiner) valuable than time. They drive (g) -- (post modify the
verb). They do (h) — (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) drive consciously. Even they themselves are not conscious of (i) —
(use a possessive) own lives. They drive (j) — (use an adverb phrase to post modify the verb) and try to overtake others.
(a) constructed in our country; (b) Reckless; (c) well/properly; (d) only/hardly/merely; (e) public/human; (f) more;
recklessly/carelessly; (h) not; (i) their; (j) at a high speed/at their sweet will
19. All Boards 2018 OBB
Television has become the most common and (a) - (pre-modify the noun) source of entertainment of the (b) - (pre-modify the
noun) world. A wide range of programs of (c) - (pre-modify the adjective) interest is telecast on (d) - (use quantifier to pre-
modify the noun) channels. Almost every middle class and even working-class families have a television set today. (e) - (use a
noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) programs are (f) - (pre-modify the adjective) entertaining. They can be (g) - (pre-modify
the adjective) educative too. Courses (h) - (post modify the noun) by the Open University are shown on BTV. (i) - (pre-modify
the noun) channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative programs.
However, watching TV has become (j) - (use an article) addiction for many.
(a) widespread (বহুববস্তৃত) (b) entire/present (c) varied (d) numerous (e) Television (f) highly/very (g) highly (h) run (i) Several (j) an
20. RB, CB, CtgB, BB 18, SB 17
Kazi Nazrul Islam is called the Shelley of Bengali literature. He was a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) poet. He wrote (b) — (post-
modify the verb) in every branch of Bengali literature. Nazrul, (c) — (use an appositive), won the attention of everyone in his
early childhood. He wrote ceaselessly (ivZw`b) until the death of (d) — (use possessive pronoun) poetic flair (ˆbcyY¨). He
composed his songs (e) — (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). His songs are (f) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify
the adjective) melodious. He enriched the Bengali literature (g) — (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb). His literary works
have enriched (h) - (use a noun adjective) literature. He was (i) — (use an article) secular (ag© wbi‡cÿ) poet. He sang the songs of
equality (j) - (use an adverbial phrase).
(a) great; (b) almost/successfully; (c) our national poet/a rebel poet; (d) his; (e) to inspire/encourage people; (f) very; (g)
greatly/immensely; (h) Bangla; (i) a; (j) throughout his life.
21. DB 17
Deforestation means cutting down of trees (a) — (post-modify the verb). To meet up the basic needs of food and housing, trees
are being cut in large scale and thus it causes (b) — (pre-modify the noun) imbalance. Besides, there are some dishonest people
who cut trees in our forest (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). The (d) — (use a noun adjective to pre-
modify the noun) level is rising and many parts of the world are going to be engulfed by the sea in near future. New areas of the
world are (e) — (use a participle to pre-modify the verb) turned into desert as a result of deforestation. So, we must stop (f) —
(use a participle to post-modify the verb) down trees unnecessarily. (g) — (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) trees
indiscriminately will be hazardous for our future existence. If we destroy tress (h) — (use an adverbial phrase to post-modify the
verb) one day the country will turn into a great desert. The (i) - (use a participle to pre- modify the noun) temperature will cause
greenhouse effect. Necessary measures should be taken (j) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).
(a) indiscriminately/recklessly; (b) ecological; (c) to earn money illegally; (d) sea; (e) being; (f) cutting; (g) Destroying/Cutting; (h)
in a merciless way/ at random; (i) rising/increasing/growing; (j) to stop deforestation.
22. CB 17
A balanced diet is a good mixture of (a) — (pre modify the noun) foods. It is essential for us (b) - (post modify the adjective with
an infinitive) a healthy life. There are many benefits of eating a (c) — (pre modify the noun) diet because it prevents (d) — (use
determiner to pre-modify the noun) diseases. As a result, we do not get sick (e) — (post modify the verb with an adverb). We
should select (f) — (pre modify the noun with possessive) diet according to our needs. We should not eat the (g) — (use
adjective to pre modify the noun) foods for the whole week. We can keep fit (h) - (use a participle) a balanced diet. But it is not
easy (i) — (post modify the adjective with an infinitive) a balanced diet. Here (j) — (use a determiner) nutritionist can help us.
(a) nutritious/various/healthy; (b) to lead; (c) balanced; (d) many; (e) easily; (f) our; (g) same/similar; (h) eating/taking; (i) to
select; (j) a.
23. RB 17
Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) farmer who used (b) —
(post-modify the verb by using infinitive) on other people's land. With great effort, they married (c) - (use a pronoun)
daughters off by the time they reached teenage. The sons also started (d) - (use present participle to modify the verb) with
their father as (e) — (pre-modify the noun) labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time they were
seventeen, they left for towns (f) — (use infinitive to post modify the verb) money. At first, they used to send money to
their parents (g) — (use an adverb to post modify the verb) but after getting married they barely had enough to support
their (h) — (pre-modify the noun) families. Out of desperation, Ayesha Begum started (i) — (post-modify the verb) in the
village to feed her old, (j) — (pre-modify the noun) husband and herself.
(a) landless; (b) to work; (c) their; (d) working; (e) day; (f) to earn; (g) occasionally; (h) own; (i) begging; (j) invalid.
24. DJB 17
Sabbir is (a) — (use determiner to pre modify the noun phrase) ideal student. He prepares (b) — (use possessive to pre modify
the noun) lessons in collaboration (mn‡hvwMZv) with his teachers. He does (c) — (post modify the verb) in every examination as
he does not waste time. He knows time once lost is lost forever. So, he utilizes every moment. During his free time, he
goes to his native village. He teaches (d) — (pre modify the noun) people. He wants (e) — (use an infinitive phrase to post
modify the verb) illiteracy from his village. (f) — (use present participle to pre modify the verb) illiteracy from his village,
he wants to bring about massive development there. He is (g) — (use an intensifier to pre modify the adjective) devoted
to God. He says prayer (h) — (use quantifier to pre modify the noun) times a day. He never tells a lie. He respects his,
parents very much. Other superiors are also respected by him. His father, (i) -- (post modify the noun phrase with an
appositive) supports him cordially. His mother, an ideal housewife, (j) - (pre modify the verb) supports him very much.
Such a student like Sabbir is rarely found nowadays.
(a) an; (b) his; (c) well; (d) rural/illiterate; (e) to eliminate/to remove the darkness of; (f) Removing/Eradicating; (g) highly/very; (h)
five; (i) a farmer/ a teacher; (j) also/always
25. JB 17, BB 16
A village doctor is a very (a) — (pre-modify the noun) person in the rural areas of Bangladesh. He is (b) - (pre-modify the verb)
known as quack. A village doctor is not a (c) — (pre-modify the noun) doctor. He usually sits in a small dispensary (d) — (post
modify the verb). He treats the patients (e) — (use a participle phrase to post-modify the verb). A village doctor is not a (f) —
(pre-modify the noun) man. His chamber is (g) — (pre-modify the verb) furnished. He cannot supply costly medicine to (h) —
(pre-modify the noun) patients. In our country, the number of qualified doctors is (i) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) few. So, a village doctor is a great friend to the (j) — (pre-modify the noun) villagers.
(a) familiar/common; (b) widely/usually/also; (c) qualified/registered; (d) in the village/everyday; (e) taking a small amount of
money; (f) rich/solvent/wealthy; (g) poorly; (h) poor/serious; (i) very; (j) poor.
26. CHB 17 (Difficult)
The people of Bangladesh have expressed their shock (a) — (post modify the verb) at the reaction of the Pakistan Parliament.
Pakistan strongly protested the execution (ফাাঁবস) of two (b) — (pre- modify the noun) collaborators (সহয াগী) who committed
crimes against humanity on their own people in 1971. There is a demand (দাবব) for apology (ক্ষমাপ্রার্থনা) from (c) — (use a noun
adjective to pre-modify the noun) government for the crimes of its army during the liberation war of Bangladesh. Recently
Pakistan's National Assembly (জাতীয় পবিষদ) may be within its rights (d) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) for the
execution of two collaborators. But it is quite clear to us that Pakistan always tries to erase (মু যে ফফলা) its past history. To erase
(e) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) history is not easy because history continues to follow all of us. Pakistan, (f)
— (post modify the noun with an appositive), cannot come out of its military influence. As a result, the country has become (g) -
(use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) barbarous (ববথি). So Pakistan is going down (h) — (use an adverb to post-modify
the verb). The founder of Pakistan Mr. Jinnah was physically (i) — (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) weak and so,
the state always tried to show its physical strength since (j) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) birth.
(a) profoundly/instantly; (b) notorious; (c) Pakistan; (d) to react strongly; (e) this; (f) a country still unmoved by its
misdeeds/mostly military ruled country; (g) very; (h) gradually/day by day; (i) very; (j) (i) its.
27. BB 17
Raja, (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is known to his classmates as a good student. He has (b) - (use a
quantifier to pre-modify the noun) good qualities. He knows that the (c) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) duty of a
student is to study and he never neglects (d) -- (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) duty. He prepares (e) — (use
possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons regularly. He maintains discipline. He knows the value of time. He gets up (f) —
(post-modify the verb with an adverb) so that he can get enough time to study. He goes to school (g) — (post-modify the verb
with an adverb). He never wastes a (h) - (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) moment in vain. Raja is (i) - (pre-modify the
adjective with an intensifier) gentle. He always obeys his parents and teachers. He never mixes with (j) — (pre-Modify the noun)
boys. A student like Raja is a great asset of a nation.
(a) a school boy; (b) many; (c) main/first; (d) this; (e) his; (f) early; (g) regularly; (h) single; (i) very; (j) bad/naughty.
28. DB 16
Rabindranath Tagore was a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) poet of Bangali literature. He was born in a (b) - (premodify the noun)
family at Jarasanko, Kolkata. He went to school (c) - (post modify the verb). He wrote his (d) - (pre-modify the noun) verse at the
age of eight. At the age of seventeen, he went to London (e) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) school there. He was put
up in a lodging house under the care of a (f) - (pre-modify the noun) coach, Mr. Scott. He was lucky (g) - (post-modify the
adjective with an infinitive) an English family of Mr. Scott. He also visited the House of Parliament (h) - (post-modify the verb
with an infinitive) Gladstone and John Bright's debates on Irish rule. He wrote letters to Kolkata (i) - (post-modify the verb with
a present participle) English society. At this, his family thought that they might lose their son (j) - (post-modify the verb). So, he
was called back to Kolkata.
(a) famous/great/renowned; (b) rich/sophisticated/noble; (c) early; (d) first; (e) to attend; (f) professional; (g) to find; (h) to
listen to; (i) admiring; (j) forever/soon
29. RB16
It was a hot (a) - (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) day. A (b) - (pre-modify the noun) crow flew all over the fields
looking for water. For a long time, she could not find any water. She felt (c) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective)
weak, almost giving up hope. Suddenly, she saw a water jug below her. She flew (d) - (post-modify the verb) to see if there was
any water inside. Yes, she could see some water inside the jug. The crow tried (e) - (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the
verb). Sadly, she found that the neck of the jug was too narrow. Then she tried to push the jug down for the water to flow out.
But she found (f) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) jug too heavy. The crow thought (g)- (use a phrase to post-
modify the verb) what to do. (h) - (use a participle to pre modify the verb), she saw some pebbles nearby. She (i) - (pre-modify
the verb) had a good idea. She started picking up the pebbles one by one, dropping each into the jug. As more and more
pebbles filled the jug, the water level kept rising. Soon it was high (j) - (post-modify the adjective) for the crow to drink. The
crow quenched its thirst and flew away.
(a) summer; (b) thirsty; (c) very; (d) quickly/down/there; (e) to put its head into the jug/ to drink water; (f) that; (g) for a while;
(h) Looking around/Searching here and there; (i) then/suddenly; (j) enough.
30. DJB 16
Water is a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) substance. It has no colour of (b) - (possessive to pre-modify) own. The - (c) (determiner
to pre-modify the noun) name of water is life. By drinking water, we can quench (d) - (possessive to pre-modify the noun) thirst.
Thus we can survive on earth. But (e) - (pre-modify the noun) water is life killing. By drinking contaminated water, we suffer
from diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid etc. We may (f) - (pre-modify the verb) face (g) - (pre-modify the noun) death by drinking
such type of water. We are responsible for (h) - (noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) pollution. Waste materials from mills
and factories are thrown here and there. Farmers use fertilizers and insecticides in their land. During the rainy season, they are
mixed with ponds and rivers. Besides, latrines (i) - (participle to post modify the noun) on ponds and rivers cause water
pollution. (j) - (pre-modify the noun) awareness should be raised to stop water pollution.
(a) liquid; (b) its; (c) another; (d) our; (e) polluted/contaminated; (f) also/easily/sometimes; (g) unexpected/pre-mature; (h)
water; (i) standing; (j) Public
31. JB 16
Most of the people in (a) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country do not know the importance of English. In fact, it is
an - (b) (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) language and we are living in a (c) - (pre-modify the noun) village. So, if you
know English (d) - (post modify the verb with an adverb), you can communicate with (e) - (use an article to pre-modify the noun
phrase) rest of the world. It is surely an important element of your (f) - (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) skill.
Without the knowledge of English with proper understanding, you cannot complete (g) - (use possessive to pre-modify the
noun) higher studies because most of the books are written in English in the process of higher education. Poor knowledge of
English will also hamper your (h) - (use a noun-adjective) development. In short, if you do not have a good command of English,
you will suffer (i) - (pre-modify the verb with prepositional phrase/Adverbial) of your life. So, don't waste your time and try to
learn English (j) - (post-modify the verb with an adverb) from today.
(a) our; (b) international; (c) global; (d) properly; (e) the; (f) language/communication; (g) your; (h) career; (i) in every sphere/in
every stage; (j) properly.
32. CB 16
I had a peculiar experience (a) - (post-modify the verb) while travelling to St. Martin's Island. I visited the island along with my
family. Zahid, (b) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was our guide. On our way to the island, we watched (c) -
(demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) sea gulls (kO&LwPj). The (d) - (pre-modify the noun) birds were flying (e) - (post-modify
the verb) with the ship. They became (f) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dear and friendly to us. We
entertained them with chips and biscuits. (g) - them (use a present participle to pre-modify the verb), we became (h) - (use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) excited. We decided (i) – (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) in the idyllic
island for a couple of days. We can never forget (j) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the adjective phrase) lovely sea birds.
(a) last year; (b) a local boy; (c) those; (d) beautiful; (e) elegantly (gvwR©Z); (f) very; (g) Feeding; (h) very; (i) to stay together; (j)
those.
33. CHB 16 (Kabir Sir)
Once there lived a (a) - (pre-modify noun) fox in a jungle. One day, while he was walking (b) - (post-modify the verb) through
the jungle he fell into a trap and lost his tail. He felt (c) - (pre-modify the adjective) unhappy and sad. But the fox was very
cunning. He hit upon a plan. He invited all the foxes (d) - (post modify the verb with an infinitive) to a meeting. When all the
foxes arrived, the fox without a tail said "My dear friends, listen to me, please, I have discovered a (e) - (pre-modify the noun)
thing. It is that our tails are (f) - (pre-modify the adjective) useless. They look ugly and dirty. So, we all should cut off our tails,
shouldn't we?" All foxes listened to the cunning fox (g) - (post-modify the verb). Most of them agreed (h) - (post-modify the
verb with an infinitive) their tails. But an old and (i) - (pre-modify the noun) fox said to him, "My friend, your plan is nice but
evil. Actually, you want to cut off our tails because you have (j) - (pre-modify the noun with a determiner) tail of your own."
(a) cunning/clever; (b) slowly/alone/aimlessly; (c) very; (d) to come; (e) new/great; (f) really/quite; (g) attentively/eagerly; (h) to
cut; (i) wise; (j) no.
34. SB 16
Othello, (a) - (use an appositive to post-modify the noun) had risen to become a general. He had shown his bravery in many (b) -
(use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) battles against the Turks. Everyone praised him (c) - (use an adverb to post modify
the verb) and the senate trusted and honoured him. Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice had a daughter named Desdemona (d) -
(use a relative clause to post-modify the noun). Brabantio (e) - (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) invited Othello to his
house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. He told them of deserts, of
caves and of mountains high (f) - (use an intensifier to pre- modify the adjective) to touch the sky. Desdemona had to weep (g) -
(use a present participle to post-modify the verb phrase) and she never became tired of listening to it. She pitied Othello (h) -
(use an adverb to post-modify the verb) for the misfortunes and hardships of his life. Her pity (i) - (use an adverb to post-modify
the verb) turned to love. She refused all the young men (j) - (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) because she loved
Othello, a noble Muslim Moor (AvwdªKvq emevmKvix gi‡°v Awaevmx) from North Africa.
(a) an ordinary soldier/a black Moor; (b) dangerous/bloody; (c) highly; (d) who was beautiful; (e) sometimes; (f) enough; (g)
listening to those stories; (h) highly/much; (i) soon/finally/eventually; (j) to marry.
 Modifiers (Sheet 2)
Kabir
01726868408
Read the following text and use modifiers as directed in the blank spaces.
1.
It was twenty years (a) — (use adverb to post modify the verb) when I was living in an apartment (b) — (use present participle to post
modify the noun) a cemetery (কবরস্থান). At that time a lady wrote a letter to me (c) — (use present participle to post modify the noun)
one of my books just (d) — (use past participle to post modify the noun) in the newspaper. It made me so excited (উত্তেজিত) that I sent
her a letter of thanks. Immediately after that, she wrote me second letter (e) — (use present participle to post modify the noun) that
she was passing through Paris and would like to have a chat with me. The lady also requested me (f) -- (use infinitive to post modify the
noun) her a little luncheon at Foyot's. (g) — (use perfect participle to post modify the noun) the letter I became pleased and excited. I
was eager (আগ্রহী) to enjoy the company of the (h) — (per modify the noun) lady. However, at Foyot's I met the lady. I was disappointed
(হতাশ) to see the guest. She was not so charming and young as I expected her to be: She was a woman of forty (i) -- (use present

participle to post modify the noun) more teeth. She was also (j) - (use intensifier to pre modify the adjective) talkative (বাচাল).
(a) ago; (b) overlooking; (c) praising; (d) published; (e) saying; (f) to give; (g) Having read/Having received; (h) beautiful/
young/admirable; (i) having; (j) very
2.
Hercules, (a) — (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), was noted (ববখ্যাত) for super-human energy. He had to undergo some
difficult tasks (b) - (use a relative clause to post- modify the noun). The valley of Namea was being disturbed by a (c) - (pre-modify the
noun) lion and so Eurystheus ordered Hercules (d) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the noun) and bring him (e) - (use a
possessive) skin. At first, Hercules tried to fight the lion with his club (লাঠি) and arrows but (f) - (use a demonstrative) took him nowhere.
Then Hercules attempted a (g) - (pre-modify the noun) tactic (ককৌশল): he decided he would use his hands. He thus managed to slay (হতযা)
the animal on his own, (h) - (use a participle phrase to post-modify the noun). Victorious, he returned to Mycenae carrying the (i) -
(pre-modify the noun) lion on his shoulders, (j) - (use a determiner) sight that terrified the king. (Kabir Sir)
(a) the son of Jupiter and Alcmena; (b) which are known as the twelve labours of Hercules: (c) terrible; (d) to kill the lion; (e) his; (f) this;
(g) different; (h) relying on his immense strength; (i) dead; (j) a
3.
Beauty is (a) — (use determiner) criterion (মানদণ্ড) of art. But it is very difficult (b) - (infinitive phrase) beauty. We may (c) - (pre-modify
the verb) appreciate it. Beauty may not be identified (d) - (post-modify the verb) or objectively. It may depend on (e) - (Use possessive)
sense of perception (উপলবি). Another problem is that ugliness has (f) — (use possessive) beauty too. Now the question arises whether
beauty and ugliness are the (g) - (pre-modify the noun) parts of art. Poets and artists have infused (অনুপ্রববষ্ট করা) both in (h) — (use
possessive) works. They say that (i) - (use quantifier) truths are always object of beauty. There are two poems on beauty written by
two poets of (j) - (pre-modify the noun) ages.
(a) the; (b) to define; (c) easily; (d) subjectively; (e) our; (f) its; (g) integral; (h) their; (i) some; (j) different.
4.
Nelson Mandela, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), is one of the greatest leaders of the world, no doubt. During (b) - (Use
article to pre-modify the noun) time of Mandela, the Europeans were separated from the non- Europeans. It was (c) - (Use a noun-
adjective to pre-modify the noun) policy of racial segregation (পৃথকীকরণ). The blacks were subjected to (d) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify
the noun) sorts of indignities. They were denied all basic (e) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) rights. They were in fact aliens
in (f) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun phrase) own country. The blacks were also treated (g) - (Use an adverb to post-modify
the verb). Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. The (h) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) leader
vowed (প্রবতজ্ঞা) to put an end to the inhuman practice. Unfortunately, (i) - (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) great man was
thrown behind the prison bars. But the oppressive rulers could not break his spirit. All his life he struggled against apartheid (বণবাদ) ণ .
Eventually (অবত্তশত্তে), the great leader fulfilled the goal of liberating (j) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) people.
(a) first black president of South Africa (b) the (c) government (d) all (e) human (f) their (g) cruelly (h) great (i) this (j) his
5.
Socrates believed (a) - (post modify the verb) that an (b) - (pre-modify the noun) man was more of a beast than a human being. Furious
was his wife who used to lose her temper on the (c) — (pre-modify the noun) excuse. One day the wife got (d) — (use an intensifier to
pre-modify the adjective) furious and began (e) — (use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb) fiercely. He went out and sat on
the doorstep of (f) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) house. He looked out to the public (g) — (use a phrase to post modify
the verb). The wife found that he was not paying the least heed to her. So she began to pour water (h) — (use a phrase to post modify
the verb) of Socrates. The passers-by were (i) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) much amused at the incident. They had
not seen such (j) — (pre modify the noun) incident before.
(a) strongly; (b) angry; (c) slightest; (d) very; (e) to insult him; (f) his; (g) sitting on the doorstep; (h) on the head; (i) very; (j) an
unusual/a strange.
6.
Sheikh Saadi, (a) — (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was simple in his way of life. (b) — (use quantifier to pre-modify the
noun) day, at the invitation of the emperor, he set out for the emperor's palace wearing a dress (c) - (post-modify the noun with an
adjective phrase). He took shelter in a courtier’s house (d) - (post-modify the verb with prepositional phrase). The courtier and his men
did not show (e) - (use determiner to- pre-modify the. noun) honour and hospitality to him. On his way back home, Saadi again took
shelter in the (f) — (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) courtier's house. (g) — (use a demonstrative to premodify the noun) time he
put on a gorgeous dress. The courtier received him (h) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb) and entertained him with rich foods.
Now Saadi began to put his foods in the pockets on his clothes. The courtier's men were surprised (i) — (use an infinitive phrase to
post-modify the verb). They asked him why he was putting the foods (j) — (post-modify the verb with a prepositional phrase).
(a) a Persian poet / a famous Persian poet; (b) One; (c) simple to look at; (d) on his way to the palace/ in the evening / for passing the
night; (e) due/much; (f) same; (g) This; (h) cordially/warmly; (i) to see this; (j) in his pocket.
7.
A K Fazlul Haque, (a) — (Post modify the noun using an appositive) was born on 26 October 1873 in Saturia village, located in Bakerganj
district. He was astonishingly talented from (b) — (Pre-modify the noun using a possessive) boyhood. His father Kazi Wazed Ali was a
(c) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) lawyer. (d) — (Use an adverbial phrase to pre-modify the verb) Fazlul Haque was
reading (e) — (Use an intensifier to pre-modify the adverb) attentively in his reading room while his father was passing by. His father saw
him reading his lessons and tearing off the pages of the book one after another. (f) — (Pre-modify the verb with an adverb) his father
entered the room and asked the boy why he was playing (g) — (Use a Prepositional phrase to post modify the verb). Fazlul Haque
replied, “I'm not playing with my book; I've already gone through (h) — (Pre-modify the noun using a demonstrative) pages, so I don't
need them anymore.” His father wanted (i) — (Post modify the verb using an infinitive phrase). He took the book and asked him (j) —
(Pre-modify the noun using a quantifier) questions from those pages. Fazlul Haque answered them correctly. (Kabir Sir)
(a) great leader of Bengal; (b) his; (c) renowned; (d) One day; (e) very; (f) Then; (g) with his book/with the pages of the book; (h) these;
(i) to test him; (j) some.
8.
Macbeth was the General of Scotland. He fought (a) - (post-modify the verb with adverb) and won the battle. While he was returning
to his castle, he saw three witches (b) - (post-modify the noun with a present participle) about him. He came (c) - (post-modify the verb
with an infinitive) from the witches that he would be the king of Scotland. He became (d) — (pre-modify the adjective with intensifier)
ambitious. His wife also wanted Macbeth (e) — (pre-modify the verb with an infinitive) the king. She was a very (f) - (pre-modify the
noun with adjective) woman. So, she began (g) - (pre-modify the verb with an infinitive) Macbeth. Then they both plotted to kill
Duncan, (h) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive). They planned (i) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) Duncan when he
would come to stay with them in their castle. (j) — (pre-modify the noun with a present participle) a knife, Macbeth entered the room
of Duncan and killed him.
(a) bravely/valiantly (b) talking (c) to learn (d) very (e) to be (f) cunning/ambitious/greedy (g) to convince/to persuade (h) king of
Scotland (i) to kill (j) Taking/Carrying
9.
Long ago there was an (a) — (pre-modify the noun) king in England. He was tired of ruling and needed-rest. He had (b) - (pre-modify
the noun) daughters Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. He made up his mind (c) — (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase) among
his daughters. But he first wanted (d) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase) how much they loved him. At first the king
asked his (e) - (pre-modify the noun) daughter how much she loved him. Goneril declared that she loved him (f) - (use an intensifier to
post-modify the verb) than she could say. Lear, the king, was (g) - (pre- modify the adjective) satisfied. He gave her one-third of the
kingdom. Then he asked his (h) - (pre-modify the noun) daughter Regan. She replied that her love for him would never change. She was
able (i) - (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) him. So the king gave her another-third of his kingdom. Then it was the turn of
Cordelia, the (j) — (pre-modify the noun) daughter of the king.
(a) old (b) three (c) to divide his kingdom (d) to know exactly (e) eldest (f) more (g) very (h) second (i) to please (j) youngest
10.
Robert Bruce, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), fought (b) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) battles against king
Edward I of England. But (c) - (Use an adverb to pre-modify the whole sentence) he was defeated in (d) - (Use determiner to pre-
modify the noun) battle. While the pensive king was thinking about (e) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun phrase) unfortunate
condition lying in a cave, he saw a spider. The spider was working with (f) - (Use article-to pre-modify the noun) goal. The goal was to
reach the ceiling and (g) - (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) task was not easy for the little creature. It fell down (h) - (Use
an adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb), but did not give up and, eventually, it succeeded at its seventh attempt. The
perseverance of the spider encouraged Robert Bruce; he fought again (i) - (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) and this
time he defeated (j) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) English army and secured the independence of Scotland.
Ans. (a) King of Scotland; (b) several/some; (c) unfortunately/unluckily; (d) every/each; (e) his; (f) a; (g) that; (h) again and again; (i) to
regain his kingdom; (j) the.
11.
It was a cold (a) — (use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) morning. A farmer was going to his field (b) — (post-modify the verb
with an infinitive) seed. On the way he saw a snake (c) — (post-modify the noun with a present participle) on the ground. The farmer
went near it (d) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) what happened to it. It was almost dead in cold. He took pity on the snake.
He put it (e) — (post-modify the verb) and brought it home. (f) — (pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase) by the fire, he
took care of it. Then he gave it (g) - (pre-modify the noun) milk. Soon the snake got well. It began (h) - (post-modify the verb with an
infinitive) with the children of the farmer. But the snake showed its (i) - (pre-modify the noun) nature and bit one of the children. (j) —
(pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase), the farmer killed the snake.
(a) winter; (b) to sow; (c) lying; (d) to see; (e) in his basket; (f) Warming it up /Placing it/ Putting it; (g) some/ Warm; (h) to play; (i) real/
original; (j) Knowing its nature /Being very angry.
12.
Once upon a time there lived (a) -- (Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) generous and kind-hearted king. But the people were
not happy with (b) — (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) king, because the king was too lazy and would not do (c) — (Use
determiner to pre-modify the noun) work other than eating and sleeping. He spent days and weeks and months in (d) — (Use
possessive to pre-modify the noun phrase) bed either eating, something on sleeping. He became (e) — (Use an adverb to pre-modify
the noun) inactive. The king became (f) - (Use article to pre-modify the noun) potato couch and the people started worrying about the
king. (g) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) day the king realized that he could not even move his body. He became fat and his
enemies made fun of him calling "fatty king" of "bulky king" etc. He invited (h) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) doctors
from (i) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) parts of his country and offered them generous rewards (j) — (Use an infinitive
phrase to post modify the verb) fit. Unfortunately, none could help the king regain his health and fitness. (Kabir Sir)
(a) a; (b) their; (c) any; (d) his; (e) very /quite / completely; (f) a; (g) One; (h) famous/renowned; (i) many; (j) to make him
13.
There lived a (a) — (pre-modify the noun) fox in a jungle. Once the fox was feeling (b) — (use an intensifier to pre modify the adjective)
hungry. He roamed here and there (c) — (use prepositional phrase to post modify the verb), but he could not find anything to eat. He
became (d) — (use an intensifier to pre modify the adjective) tired. (e) - (use infinitive phrase to pre modify the verb), he sat under a (f)
— (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) tree. When he looked up, he saw a crow (g) — (use participle to post modify the
noun) on one of the branches of the tree. The crow was holding a piece of meat (h) — (use prepositional phrase to post modify the
verb). (i) — (use a participle phrase to pre modify the verb), the mouth of the fox began to water and he wished to have (j) — (use a
demonstrative to pre modify the noun) piece of meat.
(a) cunning/clever; (b) very; (c) in search of food; (d) extremely/very; (e) To take rest; (f) banyan; (g) sitting;
(h) in its beak /in its mouth / between her beaks; (i) Seeing the piece of meat; (j) that.
14.
Once a cook roasted a duck for his master. The roast looked (a) — (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) delicious. So, he ate
one of the drumsticks. When the master sat down (b) — (post modify the verb with an infinitive), he quickly noticed the missing leg.
The master asked what happened to the (c) - (pre-modify the noun) leg. The cook replied that the duck had (d) — (pre-modify the
verb) leg only. The master was not a fool. He said that there was no such thing as a one-(e) — (pre-modify the noun) duck. But the cook
insisted that this duck had only one leg. The master was (f) — (pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) annoyed. He threatened (g)
— (post modify the verb with an infinitive) him from his job. At that moment he looked out of the window and saw some ducks (h) —
(post- modify the noun with a present participle) outside in the yard. He saw one duck leaning on one leg (i) — (post-modify the noun
with a present participle) the other. And he showed this to the master. The master clapped his hands (j) — (post modify the verb)
which startled the duck. It put down its other leg and ran off.
(a) very; (b) to eat; (c) other; (d) one; (e) legged; (f) extremely/very; (g) to fire; (h) standing /resting; (i) folding; (j) loudly.
15.
Once Bayazid, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), was studying by the side of the bed of his (b) — (Pre modify the noun)
mother. All on a sudden his mother woke up and asked her son (c) — (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). Bayazid (d) —
(Pre-modify the verb) went to the kitchen to bring water. But there was a (e) — (Pre-modify the noun) water in the pitcher. So, he
went to a (f) — (Pre-modify the noun) fountain with the pitcher to bring water. Bayazid returned (g) — (Use a prepositional phrase to
post-modify the verb). By that time, his mother fell asleep again. (h) — (Use a participle to pre-modify the verb), Bayazid stood beside
his mother's bed with a glass of water. His mother woke up (i) — (Use an intensifier to pre-modify the adverb) early in the morning and
found her son standing with a glass of water. Her heart was filled with (j) — (Pre-modify the noun) love for Bayazid to see this.
(a) a young boy/ a devoted son; (b) ailing; (c) to bring a glass of water; (d) hurriedly/soon/quickly; (e) little; (f) distant; (g) after filling
the pitcher; (h) Finding no other way; (i) very; (j) great/divine
16.
Michael was a poor shepherd (a) - (Post-modify the noun with present participle) in the Lake District of England. He was (b) - (Use an
intensifier to modify the adjective) frugal and industrious. He was an (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) man. Both Michael and his wife
Isabella worked (d) - (Post-modify the verb). Their son Luke was an apple of their eyes. He was a (e) - (Pre-modify the noun) comfort to
them. Suddenly they fell into a (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) crisis. They planned (g) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive) their son to
London. They became unhappy when their (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) left them. Luke went to London (i) - (Post-modify the verb using
infinitive) there. At the beginning, he used to write to his parents (j) - (Post-modify the verb).
(a) living; (b) very; (c) honest; (d) hard; (e) great; (f) financial; (g) to send; (h) dear/beloved; (i) to earn /to work; (j) regularly
17.
Rana, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), passes his time playing (b) - (Use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun)
games after returning from school. It is (c) - (Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) very bad habit and may be one of the causes
why he is getting bulky day by day. He can (d) - (Post-modify the verb with an adverb) utilize the time by playing (e) - (Use an adjective
to pre-modify the noun) games. Perhaps, he does not know (f) - (Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) importance of physical
exercise. He should know that one cannot concentrate on (g) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) work without a sound mind
and a sound mind lives in a sound body. Besides, without physical exercise one cannot expect (h) - (Use an infinitive to post-modify the
verb) a sound body. Physical exercise also increases one's appetite and sound sleep. So, it is high time Rana played outdoor games (i) -
(Post-modify the verb with prepositional phrase/adverbial). In the morning, he can walk or run or do (j) - (Use determiner to pre-
modify the noun phrase) freehand exercise. It will keep him physically and mentally fit.
(a) a student of class X (b) computer (c) a (d) easily (e) outdoor (f) the (g) any (h) to have (i) in the afternoon (j) any
18.
Atif Ahmed is an (a) - (adjective as pre-modifier) student. He prepares (b) - (possessive as pre-modifier) lesson everyday. He knows
time once lost is lost forever. So he utilizes every moment. During his (c) - (Adjective as pre-modifier) time, he goes to his native village.
He wants (d) - (infinitive phrase as post-modifier) from his village. (e) - (present participle as pre-modifier) illiteracy from the village he
wants to bring about massive improvement. He is (f) - (intensifier as pre-modifier) devoted to God. He says his prayers (g) - (quantifier
as pre-modifier) times a day. He never tells a lie. He respects his parents dearly. He also respects other superiors. His father, (h) -
(apposition as post modifier), supports him cordially. (i) - (possessive as pre-modifier) mother also supports him. Such (j) - (article as
pre-modifier) student like Atif Ahmed is rarely found nowadays. (Kabir Sir)
(a) ideal (b) his (c) free (d) to remove illiteracy (e) Removing (f) very (g) five (h) a teacher (i) His (j) a
19.
Sultana is a Bangladeshi girl (a) -- (post-modify the noun with relative clause) but has no hopes (b) - (use prepositional phrase to post-
modify the noun). Like millions of (c) - (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) parents, Sultana’s parents think that (d) - (use present
participle phrase) is a waste of time and money. They have decided that they will (e) - (use adverb of time to pre-modify the verb)
marry her off and use their (f) — (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) resources for their son's education. Sultana used to worry
about lessons and tests, but now she worries more (g) - (use prepositional phrase) and having children. She used to dream about being
a doctor, but now faces a life of household chores and a life of (h) - (Use gerund). She used to be happy being a girl but now wishes (i) -
(use intensifier to post-modify the verb) if she were a boy. If she had been a boy, she could have gone to college and university (j) -
(use infinitive phrase to post-modify the noun).
(a) who goes to school; (b) of going to college; (c) rural/illiterate/poor; (d) educating a girl; (e) soon/then; (f) rest/least/all; (g) about
her marriage; (h) struggling/suffering; (i) more/deeply; (j) to receive higher education.
20.
There once lived a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) farmer. He worked hard (b) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) his family. He had
a goose. It was not an (c) - (pre-modify the noun) goose. It was a wonderful goose because it laid a (d) - (pre-modify the noun) egg
everyday. He was happy (e) - (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) a gold egg. But his wife was a (f) - (pre modify the noun)
woman. She wanted (g) - (pre-modify the verb with an infinitive) all the eggs together. So, she advised her husband (h) - (use an
infinitive to post-modify the noun) the belly of the goose. Her husband was a (i) - (pre-modify the noun) man. So, he cut the belly. (j) -
(pre-modify the verb with a present participle) the belly, he found no egg. (Kabir Sir)
(a) poor; (b) to support/to maintain; (c) ordinary; (d) golden; (e) to have/to get; (f) greedy; (g) to have/to get; (h) to cut; (i) foolish; (j)
Cutting.
21.
Once upon a time a (a) - (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) fox was roaming (b) - (use an adverb phrase to post-modify the
verb). He looked but could not find anything (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). He was feeling very weak and
tired due to hunger. (d) - (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) he saw a garden at a distance. He went there without (e) — (use
determiner tore-modify the noun) delay. In the garden the fox saw (f) - (use article to pre-modify the noun) number of grape vines. (g)
— (use demonstrative to pre-modify the noun phrase) grapes looked very delicious. The fox licked (h) - (use possessive to pre-modify
the noun) tongue. However, the grapes were out of his reach. The fox tried (i) - (use an adverbial to pre-modify the verb). But he failed
(j) - (use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).
(a) hungry; (b) in a jungle/here and there; (c) to satisfy his hunger; (d) Suddenly; (e) any; (f) a; (g) Those; (h) his; (i) again and again; (j)
to reach them.
22. (Kabir Sir)
One day about noon I was walking (a) - (Post-modify the verb) on the seashore. I made a (b) - (Use an intensifier to pre-modify the
adjective) strange discovery. I was alarmed (c) - (Use infinitive phrase to post-modify the adjective) of a man's barefoot on the sand. As
it was a (d) - (Pre-modify the noun) and clean beach, it was very clear. I stood there (e) - (Post-modify the verb) and observed it neatly.
I could not understand anything. I was (f) - (Pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) frightened. I climbed up a hill (g) - (Post-
modify the verb with an infinitive) farther. (h) - (Pre-modify the verb with present participle) the hill, I started for home. On my way
home, I stopped every two or three steps (i) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive) behind me. That night I could not sleep (j) -
(Post-modify the verb).
Ans. (a) aimlessly/hither and thither; (b) very; (c) to see the print; (d) sandy; (e) silently; (f) very; (g) to see; (h) Climbing down/Leaving;
(i) to look; (j) peacefully
23.
Yesterday while going to college I witnessed a (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) accident. A bus was running very (b) - (Post-modify the verb).
All on a sudden, a rickshaw was coming (c) - (Post-modify the verb with a present participle) two people from the opposite side: The
bus failed (d) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive) in time. And it hit the rickshaw (e) - (Post-modify the verb). The people (f) -
(Post-modify the noun with a Present participle) on the rickshaw were knocked down. Other people went to the spot (g) - (Post-modify
the verb with an infinitive) what happened to them. They took them to the (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) hospital. The doctor declared
them dead. Then the people were waiting (i) - (Post-modify the verb) with the dead bodies. The relatives of the victims came (j) - (Post-
modify the verb with an infinitive) from the police about the accident and went to the hospital.
Ans. (a) terrible; (b) fast/quickly; (c) carrying; (d) to brake/to stop; (e) violently; (f) sitting; (g) to see; (h) nearest/nearby; (i) in the
hospital; (j) to know.
24.
Mr. Rahman introduced Tareq, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), to the students of class XI. The students did not receive
Tareq (b) - (Use an adverb to post-modify the verb). (c) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) students began to laugh at him from
the very beginning. Some others were (d) - (Use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) rude towards him. Tareq was shocked at the
rude behaviour of (e) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) classmates. He took it to heart but he did not get (f) - (Use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) upset. He was a very (g) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) student. He found some
weaker students in the class and took initiative (h) - (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). With his help the weaker
students improved (i) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) condition. Some other brighter students of the class began to follow
him by helping the weaker students. As a result, (j) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) whole class started doing better.
Ans. (a) a new student of Rangpur College; (b) warmly/cordially; (c) Some; (d) very; (e) his; (f) very; (g) bright/brilliant/meritorious; (h)
to help them; (i) their; (j) the.
25.
Bangladesh is an (a) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) country. It is situated in (b) - (Use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the
noun) Asia. It became independent in 1971 (c) - (Post-modify the noun with a present participle phrase) against Pakistan. Though it is a
small country, it has a (d) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) population. Our country has a (e) - (Use an adjective to pre-
modify the noun) past, we fought against Pakistan (f) - (Post-modify the verb with an adverb). We fought for our (g) - (Use a noun-
adjective to pre-modify the noun) tongue. Our heroic sons sacrificed their lives (h) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive) our right
to our own language. It has many attractive (i) - (Pre-modify the noun with a noun-adjective) spots. The sea beach of Cox's Bazar is one
of them. People from home and abroad go there (j) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). (Kabir Sir)
Ans. (a) independent; (b) South; (c) fighting for nine months; (d) large/huge; (e) glorious; (f) bravely; (g) mother; (h) to protect; (i)
tourist; (j) to see its beauty.
26.
Drug addiction is a curse of modern civilization. Frustration is the cause of (a) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun)
addiction. When there is no hope left for the young people, they want (b) - (use infinitive to post-modify the noun) relief in drug. Drugs
have a (c) - (pre-modify the noun) effect on human body. People feel drowsy and lose appetite. The poisonous effect of drug is (d) -
(use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) dangerous. It may damage the brain and all internal functions of the body (e) - (post-
modify the verb with an adverb). The persons (f) - (use past participle to post-modify the noun) to drug feel intensive pain in the body.
The treatment of the drug addicts is expensive and difficult. They are also a great burden to (g) - (use possessive to pre-modify the
noun) family. A family (h) -- (use prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun) face problems in the society. The remedy for drug
addiction is not (i) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) easy. Drug business is punishable and the highest punishment is
death sentence in Bangladesh. This law must be enforced (j) - (post-modify the verb with adverb).
Ans. (a) this (b) to get (c) terrible (d) very (e) completely (f) addicted (g) their (h) in such condition/with such addicts (i) very/so (j)
immediately
27.
Food is the first among all (a) – (Pre-modify the noun) needs of human beings. People eat food (b) – (Post-modify the verb with an
infinitive phrase). They should not eat (c) – (Post-modify the verb with an adverb) than they need. But some people hold the (d) – (Pre-
modify the noun with an adjective) view. They eat as much as they can. Due to overeating they suffer from various (e) – (Pre-modify
the noun with a noun-adjective) problems. It makes a man (f) – (Pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) bulky. It also raises
obesity which may cause (g) – (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) diseases. So, we should avoid overeating (h) – (Post-modify the
verb with infinitive) fit. To keep fit is an (i) – (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) factor. Our religion forbids overeating. (j) – (Use a
present participle phrase to pre-modify the noun), we can avoid overeating.
Ans : (a) basic; (b) to satisfy hunger; (c) more; (d) opposite; (e) stomach/health; (f) very; (g) different; (h) to keep; (i) important; (j)
Following this.
28.
A book fair, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), is the fair where there are (b) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun)
books for display and sale. Nowadays it has become a (c) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) practice to hold book fairs in our
country. 'Ekusher Boimela', (d) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), is held in the premises of Bangla Academy throughout the
(e) - (Use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) month. Although book fairs in (f) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country
are of (g) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) origin, they are gradually gaining popularity. Book fairs are now held in the (h) -
(Use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) towns too. Book fairs serve two purposes at a time. They create a taste and eagerness
for reading while the authors and book sellers get a chance for publicity. The readers can also collect in (i) - (Use possessive to pre-
modify the noun) chosen copy from book fair. A book fair creates a good relationship among the authors, sellers and readers. So our
government should take steps to make (j) - (Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) fairs more popular.
Ans. (a) a very important event for people in towns and cities; (b) many; (c) common; (d) most important book fair in Bangladesh; (e)
February; (f) our; (g) recent; (h) district; (i) their; (j) these.
29.
Morning walk is a (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) exercise. So, we should walk (b) - (Post-modify the verb) in the morning. It is beneficial to
both young and (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) people. In the morning we breathe in (d) - (Pre-modify the noun) air. It helps us to keep (e)
- (Pre-modify the adjective) fit. This fitness helps us (f) - (Post-modify the verb with infinitive) the whole day. We need to get up (g) -
(Post-modify the verb) to walk in the morning. So it serves us double purposes. It benefits us (h) - (Post-modify the verb). And we also
get (i) - (Pre-modify the noun) time to do our work. There is no alternative to walking (j) - (Post-modify the verb).
Ans. (a) good; (b) regularly; (c) old; (d) fresh; (e) mentally; (f) work; (g) early; (h) physically; (i) enough; (j) in the morning.
30.
Mother is an (a) - (use an adjective phrase to pre-modify the noun) blessing in the world. Mother's day is a (b) - (use an intensifier to
pre-modify the adjective) significant day observed as a (c) - (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) occasion in honour of mothers.
The day was for the first time, announced as a formal holiday in the United States of America. Mothers' day is now observed (d) - (use
an adverbial phrase to post-modify the verb) as elsewhere around the world. The sons and daughters (e) - (use an adverb to pre-
modify the verb) wait for this day. They buy some special presents for their (f) - (use a superlative degree to pre-modify the noun)
mother. When they offer the presents, the mother becomes very happy. It brings a (g) - (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun)
happiness between -a mother and (h) - (use a possessive to pre-modify the noun) children. The bond of relationship between mother
and children becomes everlasting. The mother (i) - (use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) draws her children with her motherly
affection. In this way, we pay a (j) - (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) tribute to our dear mothers.
(a) incomparably great and divine; (b) very; (c) great /special; (d) in Bangladesh/in our country; (e) eagerly;
(f) dearest; (g) divine/heavenly; (h) her; (i) always /naturally; (j) glowing.
31.
The impact of climate change will pose a (a) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) threat to human existence and civilization.
Temperature of the world will increase (b) — (post-modify the verb with an adverb). This could catastrophically reduce (c) — (use
possessive to pre-modify the noun) ability to grow food, destroy wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood will occur
(d) — (pre-modify the noun with an adjective) areas and farmland. Melting of icecaps of Polar Regions will cause an alarming rise (e) —
(use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the noun). As a result, natural disasters like flood, cyclone etc. will (f) — (pre-modify the
verb with an adverb) occur in the world. It is predicted that Bangladesh will lose 40% of (g) — (use a possessive to pre-modify the
noun) land to the Bay of Bengal by 2050. According to the report, the (h) — (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) temperature of
Bangladesh has already increased much. (i) —, (use adverb to pre-modify the whole sentence) the lower southern part of Bangladesh
will go under water. It will bring untold sufferings to the people (j) — (use participle phrase to post-modify the noun) in the coastal
areas. (Kabir Sir)
(a) serious; (b) alarmingly/rapidly; (c) mankind's; (d) coastal; (e) of the sea-levels; (f) frequently; (g) her/its; (h) average; (i)
Consequently; (j) living inhumanly
32.
Load shedding, (a) — (Post modify the noun with an appositive), means intentional stopping of the supply of electricity in a (b) — (Use an
adjective to pre-modify the noun) area for a certain period of time. It occurs when (c) — (Use article to pre-modify the noun) generation of
power is less than the demand. Load shedding hampers our (d) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) household activities. Students
cannot prepare (e) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lessons and idle away their time. Parents suffer (f) — (Post-modify the verb
with an adverb) because of load shedding. In fact, load shedding hampers the smooth (g) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun)
development of a country. In order to solve the problem, we should try (h) — (Use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) more electricity
through government and (i) — (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) initiatives. An all-out effort can solve (j) — (Use a demonstrative to
pre-modify the noun) problem.
(a) a burning question of the day /a regular phenomenon; (b) specific/particular/certain; (c) the; (d) daily/regular; (e) their; (f)
severely/greatly/much; (g) industrial/economic; (h) to produce; (i) private/non-government; (j) this.
33.
The unit (a) — (post-modify the noun by adjective phrase) is called a decibel. (b) --- (pre-modify the verb) the normal tolerance limit of
sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at tolerable, pleasant level, it is (c) — (pre-modify the verb) called sound. But
when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are (d) — (pre-modify the verb)
exposed to sound exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of (e) — (modify the noun) population and the increasing use of
machines in our everyday life, there has been a general increase (f) -- (post-modify the verb by adverb phase) around us. (g) - (Pre-
modify the verb), people in the cities are exposed to sounds (h) — (modify the noun) from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in
Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a (i) — (pre-modify the
noun by noun adjective) worker was exposed to his/her work place. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were
factory work, truck driving and (j) — (pre-modify the noun) school teaching.
(a) used for measuring sound; (b) Generally; (c) simply; (d) regularly; (e) urban; (f) in the level of sound; (g) On an average; (h) ranging;
(i) factory; (j) primary.
34.
Child labour has become a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) phenomenon, more or less to every country in the world. Life of the children in
Bangladesh is not so happy and enjoyable. When the children of the rich country go to school in order to acquire knowledge, they are
struggling for (b) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) existence doing different works. Sometimes they work as a (c) - (pre-modify
the noun) servant. They are also found to work in the fields, shops, hotels, vehicles, as a hawker, puller etc. Their sufferings know no
bounds. These (d) - (pre-modify the noun) children have to work (e) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) hard for a long
time, but they are not paid well. For the lack of proper nutrition, they can't grow up (f) - (post-modify the verb) and suffer from various
diseases. As a result, in the long run they die before blooming. For the greater interests of our nation, our government has taken steps
to preserve (g) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) future wealth. The government has also taken necessary measures (h) -
(infinitive to pre-modify the noun) child labour by enforcing law and by declaration of (i) - (pre-modify the noun) education. Besides
this, people have also been encouraged to come forward to remove (j) - (use demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) problem from the
society.
(a) common; (b) their; (c) domestic; (d) unfortunate/helpless; (e) very; (f) normally; (g) our; (h) to stop ; (i) compulsory; (j) this.
35.
Sincerity is the root of success. A person (a) - (use relative pronoun to post-modify the noun) does anything with sincerity can go a long
way. The rich people are sincere to (b) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun)) work and so they are capable of making anything a
success. The (c) - (pre-modify the noun) men are also sincere, because they know that sincerity is the key to success. (d) - (use infinitive
to pre-modify the noun) the rules of sincerity is a must to go a long way in the world. The poor people are not sometimes sincere and
so they (e) - (pre-modify the verbal phrase) lag behind development. If they do not know the benefit of sincerity, they cannot make a
good use of it. Sincerity is the tonic to any work, because it helps the work to be done (f) - (use adverbial phrase to post-modify the
verb). If any work is not done (g) - (post-modify the verb), one will never get good output from it. So, we should be (h) - (use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) sincere in every walk of life. Sincerity does not mean only to do any work properly; it also
means dutifulness, honesty and modesty. The people of (i) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country are not till aware or the
importance of sincerity. They are becoming spiritless (j) - (use present participle to pre-modify the noun) their poor output.
(a) who; (b) their; (c) great; (d) To follow; (e) generally/always; (f) in time; (g) properly; (h) very; (i) our; (j) getting
36.
A moonlit night, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), is very charming and enjoyable. It presents a (b) - (Use an adjective to
pre-modify the noun) sight. It gives us delight. In (c) - (Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) moonlit night, the moon looks like a
disk of silver. The whole world shines with (d) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) silvery light. The water of the canals, rivers
and seas seems to glitter in a moonlit night. The whole nature looks bright. People of (e) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun)
ages enjoy a moonlit night. Young boys and girls play and amuse themselves. Men and women of middle-ages cannot come out of their
houses. (f) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) of them pass (g) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) time talking to each
other. (h) - (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) people arrange picnic on the roof (i) - (Use an infinitive to post-modify- the verb)
the time. A moonlit night has (j) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) special significance for the poor. However, a moonlit night
is pleasant and classic indeed. (Kabir Sir)
(a) a wonderful gift of nature (b) beautiful (c) a (d) her (e) all (f) some (g) their (h) some (i) to enjoy/to pass (j) no
37.
We should not eat just (a) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase). We should eat to preserve (b) - (Pre-modify the noun with
a possessive) health. We need to eat (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) food. Sometimes, it so happens that people (d) - (Post- modify the
noun with present participle) in the midst of plenty do not eat (e) - (Pre-modify the noun with a determiner) food they need for good
health. That is why they suffer from (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) diseases. If they know how (g) - (Post-modify the verb with infinitive)
balanced diet, they can remain fit. For this, they should have (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) knowledge about health and nutrition. If they
were educated, they could live a (i) - (Pre-modify the noun) life. Only a healthy man is a (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) man.
Ans. (a) to satisfy hunger/to fill the belly; (b) our; (c) healthy/nutritious; (d) living; (e) the; (f) different/various; (g) to select; (h) proper;
(i) healthy; (j) happy.
38.
Water is one of the most (a) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) elements of the environment. No (b) -- (Use an adjective to
pre-modify the noun) beings can exist without it. It is also (c) - (Pre-modify the adjective with an intensifier) essential for agriculture.
But we pollute water (d) - (Post-modify the verb). (e) - (Pre-modify the verb with a present participle) waste into it, we pollute it.
Farmers use (f) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) fertilizers and insecticides which cause pollution to water. Mills and
factories also pollute water by throwing poisonous chemicals and (g) - (Use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) products into it.
Water vehicles also pollute water by dumping oil, food waste and (h) - (Use a noun- adjective to pre-modify the noun) waste into it.
Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains (i) - (Use a present participle) on the river and canal banks are also responsible for water pollution.
We must stop such actions (j) - (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).
Ans. (a) important; (b) living: (c) very; (d) unwisely/unconsciously; (e) Throwing; (f) chemical (g) waste; (h) human; (i) standing; (j) to
prevent water pollution.
39.
Education is the (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) need of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. (b) - (Use a quantifier
to pre-modify the noun) illiterate people do not have knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they are educated,
they can (c) - (Pre-modify the verb) live a healthy and planned life. It is education that teaches us how (d) - (Use an infinitive phrase to
post-modify the verb). It also enables us (e) - (Use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) the right choices in our life and to perform our
duties (f) - (Post-modify the verb). Besides, it enhances our ability (g) - (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the noun), store foods,
protect the environment and carry out our (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) responsibilities. It is only education that can help us (i) - (Use an
infinitive to post-modify the verb) a rational attitude. Moreover, it provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and (j) -
(Use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) awareness is the prerequisite for social development.
(a) basic (b) Many (c) certainly (d) to earn well and spend well (e) to make (f) properly (g) to grow crops (h) social (i) adopt (j) this
40.
Reading English newspapers (a) - (Use an adverb as post-modifier) enables one to be well informed. This makes one (b) - (Use an
adjective as post-modifier) in reading skill. Reading means (c) - (Use a gerund to post-modify the verb). If you (d) - (Use an adverb to
pre-modify the verb) read and do not understand anything, it is not reading. Reading skill needs (e) - (Use an adjective as a post-
modifier) practice. It helps you (f) - (Use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) how sentences are framed for clear understanding. You
can also (g) - (Use an adverb as pre-modifier) observe the writing style of the writer. Sentences printed (h) - (Use a prepositional phrase
to post-modify the noun) show you the way to write. Above all you will have (i) - (Use an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb).
Only (j) - (Use a possessive) will force is enough to learn a language.
Ans. (a) regularly; (b) efficient/expert; (c) understanding; (d) simply/only; (e) continuous/proper/regular; (f) observe/know; (g) closely;
(h) on the newspaper; (i) to have devotion/patience; (j) your.
41.
Adoption of (a) - (pre-modify the noun) means in the examination hall has become a great problem in (b) - (use possessive to pre-
modify the noun) education system. Nowadays it is a (c) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) common thing. In the past
when the students and the teachers both were reliable, responsible and careful, they counted it as a matter of great shame and
sorrow. But at present, many of the students can avail unfair means in the examination hall (d) - (post-modify the verb `avail'). Even
some immoral teachers help the guilty students (e) - (use an infinitive to pre-modify the noun) copies. Sometimes the teachers offer
bribery to the visitors under such a condition that the visitors can't visit the hall properly. Very often the criminal students create an (f)
- (use past participle to pre-modify the noun) situation to make noises near the (g) - (use present participle to pre-modify the noun)
areas of the examination hall when some (h) - (pre-modify the noun) teachers expel them. Some students any how collect the question
papers before the examination. Sometimes, the answer sheets are also supplied from outside. The students who pass the examination
(i) - (use present participle to post-modify the noun `student') unfair means can't learn properly. For this, they are not able to get any
jobs. As a result, the number of (j) - (use past participle to pre-modify the adjective) unemployed people is increasing day by day. At
this moment, the government has taken a strict decision to remove unfair means in the examinations. (Kabir Sir)
(a) unfair; (b) our; (c) very; (d) easily; (e) to supply/to do; (f) unexpected; (g) surrounding; (h) honest; (i) adopting; (j) educated.
42.
The (a) - (pre-modify the noun) driving of motor vehicles in the roads and streets of Dhaka has (b) - (pre-modify the verb) become (c) -
(use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) rampant. Of course, automobiles are an indispensable part of (d) - (use possessive to
pre-modify the noun) modern life, but their drivers seem to think that the public roads are (e) - (pre-modify another adverb) only for
their use. They are not in a mood to think public roads and streets are made and maintained at public expense and the others have as
much right to use them as the motor drivers themselves. (f) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) mentality has led to
frequent street accidents. Sometimes, the (g) - (use past participle to pre-modify noun) people take the law in their own hands and try
to handle the drivers. In fact, the danger to life has grown so serious that if a person out on the street is late to return (h) - (use
possessive to pre-modify the noun) family gets upset and starts making enquires in the hospitals and police stations. Our (i) - (use past
participle to pre-modify noun) authorities have taken (j) - (pre-modify the noun) measures to control it and they are very much vigilant
to enforce the present laws.
(a) reckless; (b) recently/presently; (c) very; (d) our; (e) undoubtedly/actually; (f) This/Such; (g) ill-tempered/irritated; (h) his; (i)
concerned; (j) various/proper/manifold.
43.
A college library (a) - (post-modify the noun with a present participle) an essential part of a college plays a vital role. Both teachers and
students go there (b) — (post-modify the verb with an intensifier) in order to read books. A college library has mainly (c) - (post-modify
the noun with a noun adjective) books. There are also books of (d) - (post-modify the noun) branches of knowledge. A college library
issues ID cards to the (e) - (post-modify the noun) students. Students need to show the cards (f) — (post-modify the noun with an
infinitive) books from the library. The library is always a (g) – (post-modify the noun) place. The books are kept in the library (h) -
(post-modify the verb). If anybody does not find out the (i) — (post-modify the noun) book, the librarian helps him (j) -
(post-modify the verb with an intensifier) to get the expected book. (Kabir Sir)
(a) being; (b) very often; (c) reference; (d) other/different/all; (e) respective; (f) to borrow; (g) quiet/calm; (h) alphabetically; (i)
desired; (j) much.
44.
(a) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) childhood memories have a healing power. They can have tremendous effect on our
minds. For myself, I look back to my (b) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) memories of childhood and get relief from (c) -
(Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) agony of the present. Thus, with the help of my (d) - (Use a noun adjective to pre-modify
the noun) memories I get myself refreshed off and on. I passed my early childhood (e) - (Post-modify the verb with prepositional
phrase/ adverbial). I grew up in a (f) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) family in the lap of nature. So, memories circled
around the change of seasons. The summer used to take me under the (g) - (Use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) tree or in
the river. The 'Kalbaishakhi' could not keep me inside. In the rainy season I used to play (h) - (Post-modify the verb with prepositional
phrase/ adverbial), catch fish in flooded fields and cross the river by boat. In winter, I would play (i) - (Use determiner to pre-modify
the noun) types of village games in paddy fields. Besides I would roam about in the mustard field. The spring took me to the small
bushes where I used to find delight amidst (j) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) flowers. In short, my childhood was in a tune
with nature.
(a) Our (b) past/golden (c) the (d) childhood (e) in a village (f) joint (g) mango (h) in the rain (i) many (j) wild/colourful
45.
In recent years, there have been many (a) - (use present participle) reports that world's climate is undergoing a (b) - (use an adjective
to modify the noun) change. All these reports provide (c) — (use an adjective) evidence that world temperatures are increasing (d) —
(modify the verb with an adverb of time). It is an alarming news that the earth is (e) - (use an adverb of manner) warming day by day.
This is called the 'greenhouse effect'. The (f) — (use an adjective) culprit for this global warming is the increase of carbon dioxide
around the earth. There are various causes of it. Use of CFCs, use of fuels, use of detergent and use of vehicles are responsible for it.
Apart from them there are so many causes. The negative consequences of it are (g) - (use intensifier) many to describe. Much increase
of temperature will lead many countries to a (h) — (use an adjective) natural catastrophe. Maldives, Bangladesh, India, Nepal and so
many countries are under the threat of (i) — (use an adjective) disasters. We, therefore, should be conscious about (j) – (use
determiner) consequence of the disaster. (Kabir Sir)
(a) alarming; (b) significant; (c) strong; (d) day by day; (e) gradually; (f) main; (g) too; (h) great/serious; (i) natural; (j) the .
46.
A day on which it rains (a) — (Post-modify the verb with an adverb) is called a rainy day. We see (b) — (Use a demonstrative to pre-
modify the noun) kind of day in the wet season, (c) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive). (d) - (Pre-modify the verb with
prepositional phrase) it rains cats and dogs without any break. It stops (e) - (Use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) wheels of life. A
rainy day is dull and gloomy. The sky remains cloudy. People remain at room and spend the whole day in idleness. A rainy day is not
enjoyable to the poor. They cannot earn (f) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) livelihood and as a result, they spend the day
without eating anything. (g) — (Use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) roads go under water. People walk along the (h) - (Use an
adjective to pre-modify the noun) roads with shoes in hand. They fold up their clothes almost up .to their knees. Students fail (i) - (Use
an infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb) and if some of them go at all, they get wet on the way. So, schools are on (j) - (Use a noun
adjective to pre-modify the noun) mood. Thus a rainy day is a workless and idle day.
(a) continuously/heavily; (b) this; (c) the rainy season; (d) On a rainy day; (e) the; (f) their; (g) Many; (h) muddy; (i) to go to school; (j)
holiday.
47.
Population explosion is a (a) - (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) threat to our environment and existence. Especially in
Bangladesh, the population is growing at such a high rate that the environment may soon fail to supply the people with their (b) - (Pre-
modify the noun) necessities. Unless we take (c) - (Pre-modify the noun with an adjective) steps to stop this rapid growth (d) — (Post-
modify the noun with a prepositional phrase), our environment will one day encounter an (e) - (Pre-modify with an adjective) difficulty
and danger. As a result, the inhabitants may experience destruction. With the growth of population, people need more things. They
need more food, clothes, accommodation, furniture, educational and (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) facilities and so forth. But a (g) - (Pre-
modify the noun with a participle) country like Bangladesh cannot supply the, people with these necessities. Many people are deprived
of (h) - (Pre-modify the noun phrase) educational and medical facilities. Many people are not getting jobs to earn (i) - (Use a
determiner to pre-modify the noun) living. A lot of people are making their homes in the (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) land.
(a) constant/major/great; (b) minimum/basic; (c) immediate/proper/effective; (d) of population; (e)
alarming/ecological/extreme/untold; (f) medical; (g) developing; (h) basic/proper; (i) a; (j) cultivable/agricultural.
48.
Afforestation is (a) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) beneficial to us. We all know about (b) - (use a determiner) harmful
effects of deforestation. Deforestation (c) - (use a relative clause to post-modify the noun) is one of the causes of global warming. Not
only that, it has (d) - (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun) negative impacts on our daily life. Deforestation has caused the
extinction of various (e) - (pre-modify the noun) animals. On the other hand, afforestation has a (f) - (use a compound adjective to pre-
modify the noun) positive impact on life, animals and environment. In Bangladesh, tree plantation programme is conducted by both
the government and private firms. (g) - (use a possessive) Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world. (h) - (use an infinitive
phrase), public awareness is also important. We all know that trees, (i) - (use an appositive), provide us food, shelter, oxygen, timber
etc. They also protect us from different (j) - (pre-modify the noun) calamities.
(a) very; (b) the; (c) which means cutting down trees indiscriminately; (d) many; (e) wild; (f) lot of/great number of/long-term; (g) Our;
(h) To save the Sundarbans/To plant trees more and more; (i) our friends; (j) natural.
49.
Independence is one's (a) - (pre-modify the noun) right. Everybody on the earth wants to live (b) - (post-modify the verb). Our nation
had been under the (c) - (pre-modify the noun) rule of the British (d) — (use adverb of duration to post-modify the noun). The British
rulers (e) - (pre-modify the verb) ruled the (f) — (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) people and they did not give (g) — (use
determiner to pre-modify the noun) access to the people living in this subcontinent. In almost every sphere of life, the people had to
face (h) — (use past participle to pre-modify the noun) suffering. When their injustice raised to the zenith, (i) — (use past participle to
pre-modify the noun) people stood against the (j) — (use present participle to pre-modify the noun) class. (Kabir Sir)
(a) birth; (b) freely; (c) colonial; (d) for about two hundred years; (e) cruelly; (f) native; (g) any; (h) untold; (i) oppressed; (j) ruling.
50.
Road accident is a common phenomenon in (a) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country. It occurs almost everyday.
Consequently, people have to face (b) - (pre-modify the noun) death. I saw a terrible road- accident (c) - (post-modify the verb). A
Dhaka bound bus (d) - (pre-modify the verb) collided with a Chittagong bound bus in Cumilla. (e) - (use quantifier to pre-modify the
noun) people died on the spot. (f) -- (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun) passengers (g) - (use past participle to post-modify the
noun) in the accident were immediately hospitalized. (h) - (modify the noun) scream was heard from every corner. (i) — (use
determiner to pre-modify the noun) road was covered with blood. I could not sleep (j) - (post-modify the verb) last night.
(a) our; (b) premature/unexpected; (c) yesterday; (d) suddenly; (e) Many; (f) The; (g) injured /wounded; (h) Loud/Continuous; (i) The;
(j) properly/well.
51.
Students are the (a) - (pre-modify the noun) leader-of a country. The development of a country depends (b) - (post-modify the verb) on
how the students prepare themselves to face (c) - (use a noun adjective to pre-modify a noun) challenges. But unfortunately, many
students are not serious enough (d) - (use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the adjective). They spoil their (e) - (pre-modify the
noun) time. Some of them do not go to school (f) - (use noun phrase functioning as adverb). Again, some remain inattentive (g) - (use a
prepositional phrase functioning as adverb of place). But they have to be attentive and struggle hard (h) - (use an infinitive) in-life. They
should remember that success is equal to (i) - (use an adjective) work plus determination. So, all students should work hard (j) - (use an
infinitive) in life.
(a) future (b) largely/entirely (c) future (d) about the challenges (e) valuable (f) because of poverty (g) to their study (h) to succeed (i)
hard (j) to succeed
52.
Students are not isolated from (a) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) society. They can render many social and (b) - (pre-modify
the noun) activities of the country. There are many people (c) - (use relative pronoun to post-modify the noun) are still illiterate. During
leisure time and vacation they can set up night school both in cities and rural areas (d) - (use infinitive to pre-modify the noun) the
illiterate people. Our illiterate people have no knowledge about health, sanitation and environment. Students can teach the people the
(e) - (pre-modify the noun) knowledge about health, sanitation and the importance of balanced environment. Population problem is a
(f) - (use present participle to pre-modify the noun) issue in our country. They can make the common people aware of the dangers of
overpopulation and can convince them to adopt (g) - (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) planning. Students are (h) - (use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) much indebted to (i) – (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) parents and teachers. So, they
should follow their advice, show due respect to them. At last they should have (j) - (pre-modify the noun) faith in Almighty Creator.
(a) their (b) voluntary/benevolent/humanitarian (c) who (d) to educate/to teach (e) proper/general/basic (f) burning (g) family (h) very
(i) their (j) firm
53. Difficult
21 February, (a) - (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), is a (b) - (pre-modify the noun) day in our national history. We observe
the day every year as International Mother Language Day. The day is a (c) – (pre-modify the noun) holiday. On this day we pay tribute
to the martyrs who laid down their lives to establish Bangla as a state language in (d) - (pre-modify the noun) Pakistan in 1952. It is
known as the Language Movement. The seed of the Language Movement was sown on 21 March, 1948 when Mohammad Ali Zinnah,
(e) - (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), at a public meeting in Dhaka declared that Urdu would be the only state language of
Pakistan. The declaration raised protest in the (f) - (pre-modify the noun) part of the country. The protest continued (g) — (post-modify
the verb). The government forbade all sorts of (h) - (pre-modify the noun) meetings and rallies to stop it. But students brought out a
procession on 21 February 1952 and police opened fire on the students (i) — (post-modify the verb). At this, protests spread all over
the country and the government had to declare Bengali as a (j) - (pre- modify the noun) language. (Kabir Sir)
(a) the Language Martyrs Day (b) red letter/memorable/significant (c) public/national (d) East/undivided (e) the then Governor General
of Pakistan (f) eastern (g) acutely/strongly (h) public (i) mercilessly/cruelly/brutally (j) state
54.
A postman is (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) figure. Formerly he used to put on (b) - (Pre-modify the noun by a noun adjective) dress with a
turban on his head. A (c) - (Pre-modify the noun by a noun adjective) bag hung across his shoulder. But (d) - (Pre-modify the sentence)
the outfit does not seem to matter much. The postman goes (e) - (Post-modify the verb by prepositional phrase) and delivers letters,
parcels and money-orders. In (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) areas he is (g) - (Post-modify the verb) with all. But in towns and cities he
maintains an (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) hour and does not mix freely with the people. The postman is a (i) - (Pre-modify the noun)
employee of the postal department. But the job he performs is (j) - (Pre-modify the adjective by an intensifier) important.
Ans. (a) familiar/known; (b) khaki; (c) leather; (d) nowadays; (e) from house to house/from door to door; (f) rural; (g) free; (h) official;
(i) poor/general/low-paid; (j) very.
55.
The Internet is the (a) - (pre-modify the noun) wonder of modern science. Now people all over the world can communicate (b) - (Post-
modify the verb) with one another through the Internet. It enables us (c) - (Use an infinitive phrase to Post-modify the verb)
information, databases etc. with one another (d) - - (Post-modify the verb). We can easily download and upload lots of our necessary
things. Now a days many people are using Internet (e) - (Use infinitive phrase to post-modify the verb). (f) - (Use an quantifier to pre-
modify the adjective) educational institutions are using internet for their circulars and notices. However, it had (g) - (Pre-modify the
noun) abuses also. Nowadays it is used (h) - (Post-modify the verb). Students kill their valuable time and study (i) - (Use a participle to
post-modify the verb) for a long period. Sometimes some criminals and terrorists take the advantage of internet to materialize their (j)
- (Use an adjective to modify the noun) target.
Ans. (a) latest/greatest; (b) easily/instantly; (c) to share necessary; (d) instantly; (e) to buy their necessary things; (f) Many; (g) some;
(h) widely; (i) browsing; (j) evil
56.
Man hankers after wealth. (a) - (Pre-modify the noun by an infinitive phrase) he often fails to take (b) - (Pre-modify the noun) care of
his health. We never perceive that our health is our (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) wealth. A healthy man can enjoy life (d) - (Post-modify
the verb). He never goes (e) - (Post-modify the verb by adverb phrase). But an (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) man often goes under many
obligations. We know that health is the root of all happiness. If we want to live (g) - (Post-modify the verb) we have to be healthy.
Without being healthy, we cannot be (h) - (Post-modify the verb with an adjective). An unhealthy man may be (i) - (Post-modify the
verb with an adjective) but cannot enjoy his life. He cannot eat (j) - (Post-modify the verb) what he likes.
Ans. (a) To acquire wealth; (b) proper; (c) precious/valuable; (d) peacefully/properly/happily; (e) under any obligation; (f) unhealthy; (g)
happily (h) happy (i) rich (j) properly
57.
Education, (a) - (use appositive to post-modify the noun), is essential for development. We can improve (b) - (use possessive to
pre-modify the noun) mind. An (c) - (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) person has the ability (d) - (use infinitive phrase).
One can refine one's sensibility (e) - (use present participle phrase). Actually, the educated are able to bring about (f) — (pre-
modify the noun) development. On the other hand, an (g) - (pre-modify the noun) person (h) - (use adverb to pre-modify the
verb) lags behind. So, the educated should come forward (i) - (use prepositional phrase) educating all in the society to unload (j)
-- (use determiner) owes to the country. (Kabir Sir)
(a) one of the basic needs of human beings/the backbone of a nation (b) our (c) educated (d) to distinguish between right and
wrong (e) receiving education (f) all-round/massive (g) uneducated/illiterate (h) always (i) with a view to (j) the
58. Difficult
Renewable energy sources or RES capture their energy from existing flows of energy, from ongoing natural processes, such as
sunshine, wind, flowing water, biological processes, and geothermal heat flows. The most (a) - (pre-modify the noun) definition
is that renewable energy is from an (b) - (pre-modify the noun with a noun adjective) resource that is replaced (c) – (post-
modify the verb with an adverb) by a natural process such as power generated from the sun or from the wind. Most renewable
forms of energy, other than geothermal and tidal power, ultimately come (d) – (post-modify the verb with a prepositional
phrase). (e) - (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) forms are stored solar energy such as rainfall and wind power which are
considered short-term (f) - (use noun phrase as post-modifier), whereas the energy in biomass is accumulated (g) — (post-
modify the verb with an adverbial phrase of time), as in straw, or through many years as in wood. (h) – (pre-modify the noun
phrase with a participle) renewable energy by plants, animals and humans does not permanently deplete the resource. Fossil
fuels, while theoretically renewable on a very long time-scale, are exploited at rates that may deplete these resources in the (i) -
(pre-modify the noun) future. Renewable energy resources may be used directly, or used (j) - (use infinitive phrase to post-
modify the verb).
(a) common (b) energy (c) mainly/constantly (d) from the sun (e) Some (f) solar energy storage (g) over a period of months (h)
Capturing (i) near (j) to create other forms of energy
59.
It is difficult (a) - (post-modify the adjective with an infinitive) in Bangladesh if you do not have any experience of driving here.
Drivers change lanes (b) -- (post-modify the verb). As a foreigner, you may find (c) - (pre-modify the noun with a noun adjective)
changing without signals quite distressing. Many drivers are not at all aware of (d) - (pre-modify the noun with noun-adjective)
signals. Auto rickshaws and rickshaws move in and out in a (e) - (pre-modify the noun) way. They try (f) - (post-modify the verb
with an infinitive) whenever they find some space. Sometimes, drivers drive (g) - (post-modify the verb) to reach their
destinations. This often causes serious (h) - (pre-modify the noun with a noun-adjective) accidents. (i) - (pre-modify the verb
with a present participle phrase), it is not easy to move with your car here. If you want to move (j) - (post-modify the verb), you
have to practice driving for some days.
(a) to drive (b) frequently (c) lane (d) traffic (e) zigzag (f) to push through (g) recklessly (h) road (i) Being a foreigner/Getting
stuck in a traffic congestion (j) safely
60.
St. Martin's Island, (a) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is about 9 km south of the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf
peninsula. It is the (b) - (use adjective to pre-modify the noun phrase) coral island of Bangladesh. It is about 8 km west in (c) -
(use determiner to pre-modify the noun) north-west coast of Myanmar at the mouth of Naf River. The (d) - (use adjective to
pre-modify the noun phrase) name of the island is Narikel Jinjira, meaning 'coconut island' in Bengali. St. Martin Island has
become a popular (e) - (use noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) spot. Three shipping liners run (f) — (use adjective to pre-
modify the noun) trips to the island. (g) - (use demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) liners are Kutubdia, Sea-Truck and Keary
Sindbad. Tourists can book (h) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) trips either from Chattogram or from Cox's Bazar. The
island is home to (i) - (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) endangered species of turtles as well as corals, some of which are
found only on (j) - (use demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) island.
(a) a wonderful place of scenic beauty (b) only (c) the (d) local (e) tourist (f) regular (g) These (h) their (i) several (j) this
61.
The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste (a) – (post-modify the verb) and it is
becoming (b) – (pre-modify the adjective) difficult to find suitable locations to get rid of all the refuse, the disposal of (c) - (pre-
modify the noun) kinds of waste is (d) - (pre-modify the verb) polluting the environment. We know that air is an (e) - (pre-
modify the noun) element of our environment. Man makes fire (f) - (post-modify the verb by an infinitive) food, make bricks,
melt tar for road construction and to do (g) - (pre-modify the noun) other things which pollute the air. Railway engines and (h) -
(pre-modify the noun by a noun adjective) vehicles create smoke (i) - (post-modify the verb by adverbial phrase). Mills and
factories also belch (j) - (pre-modify the noun by adjective phrase) smoke.
(a) everyday (b) increasingly (c) various (d) seriously (e) important (f) to cook (g) many (h) motor (i) to a large extent (j) a large
amount of
62.
Sports are a (a) - (pre-modify the noun) form of entertainment. Many international (b) - (pre-modify the noun) events are
organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by (c) - (pre-modify the noun phrase) manufacturing
companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during (d) -
(use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) events. These events are telecast (e) - (post-modify the verb) by satellite and
people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsors' products receive (f) - (pre-modify the noun phrase) media
coverage, thus giving companies (g) - (pre-modify the noun) recognition. This is only the (h) - (pre-modify the noun) aspect of
international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a (i) - (pre-modify the noun) place of people
from different countries. When people of (j) - (pre-modify the noun) nations get together on the occasion of an international
sporting event, they come close to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship.
(a) popular (b) sporting (c) multinational (d) those (e) widely (f) maximum (g) international (h) commercial (i) meeting (j)
different
63.
Shilpi, (a) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was married to Rashid in 2008. Marrying off daughters at an early age is a
(b) - (pre-modify the noun) practice for many families (c) - (participle to modify the noun) in rural Bangladesh. After her
wedding, Shilpi joined a local (d) - (noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) group that provides adolescent girls with the tools
(e) - (participle to post-modify the noun) to gradually change cultural practices, (f) - (pre-modify the verb) those pertaining to
early marriage and pregnancy. The group (g) - (participle to modify the noun) by some NGOs works all over Bangladesh. The
group aims (h) - (infinitive to modify the verb) access to quality health services for adolescents. During (i) - (use quantifier) of
the group sessions, Shilpi came (j) - (infinitive to post-modify the verb) the potentially harmful effects of early marriage and
pregnancy.
(a) a 15 years old girl (b) standard (c) living (d) empowerment (e) needed (f) particularly (g) run/supported (h) to increase (i) one
(j) to understand
64.
English gives us (a) - (pre-modify the noun) access to the ever expanding knowledge of science and technology, arts and
education, innovations and discoveries. Moreover, all the books, journals, reports, research findings are available in English. As
many important books, papers, etc. are either (b) - (post-modify the noun) in English or translated into English (c) - (post-modify
the verb) after they are published in other languages. You can (d) - (post-modify the verb) learn about them if you have
acquired the (e) - (use a participle to pre-modify the noun) skills in English. (f) - (use an infinitive phrase to pre-modify the verb),
you have to get a deep and (g) - (pre-modify the noun) time experience of reading different texts, books or articles, etc.
Moreover, correct listening from others will also promote your (h) - (pre-modify the noun) mastery on reading English. At first,
when you desire to speak English, you might get (i) - (post-modify the noun) to release any word from (j) - (use a determiner)
mouth as it won't come out smoothly.
(a) easy (b) written (c) immediately (d) also (e) required (f) To learn English (g) long (h) acquired (i) nervous (j) the
65.
A village market is a public place where (a) - (use article to pre-modify the noun) villagers buy and sell goods necessary for (b) --
(use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) life. The village people cannot always go to the town (c) - (use an infinitive to post-
modify the verb) useful things. So, they have to go to the village market to meet (d) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun)
needs. Thus, a village market is part and parcel of rural life. A village market is generally held at an (e) - (use an adjective to pre-
Modify the noun) place. (f) -- (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) village markets are situated on the riverbanks or
roadside. A village market possesses different kinds of shops. (g) - (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) shops are permanent
and some are temporary. But in the real sense, it has three sections-- an open space, temporary sheds and permanent sheds. A
village market is the centre of (h) -- (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) commercial activities of the villagers. So, it plays a
vital role in the (i) - (use a noun-adjective to pre-modify the noun) life. The government should take (j) - (use an adjective to
pre-modify the noun) plan to make a village market more beneficial to the villagers.
(a) the (b) daily (c) to buy (d) their (e) open (f) Many/The (g) Some (h) the/all (i) village (j) proper/effective
66.
There lived a hare and a tortoise (a) — (post-modify the verb). The hare teased the tortoise for his (b) - (pre-modify the noun)
manner. One day the hare challenged the tortoise to a race. The tortoise agreed (c) - (post-modify the verb). They started (d) -
(post-modify the verb with a present participle) in a field. Soon the hare ran along (e) - (post-modify the verb with a present
participle phrase) behind. He could not see the tortoise. So, he planned (f) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase).
Then he found a (g) - (pre-modify the noun) spot. He went there (h) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive). But the tortoise
stepped in slow paces and saw the hare (i) - (post-modify the noun with a present participle) under a tree. So, he overtook the
(j) - (pre-modify the noun) hare.
(a) in a forest (b) slow (c) happily/cordially (d) racing/running (e) leaving the tortoise (f) to have a nap (g) suitable/shady (h) to
sleep (i) sleeping (j) sleeping
67.
The disposal of various kinds of waste is (a) - (use an adverb to modify the verb) polluting the environment. We know that air is
an (b) - (use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) element of our environment and (c) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun)
air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fire (d) - (use infinitive) food, make bricks, melt tar and to do (e) - (use quantifier) other
things. Water, (f) - (use an appositive to post-modify the noun), is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by
throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides (g) - (use a prepositional phrase to post-modify the
verb). When rain and floods wash away some of (h) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) chemicals and waste
products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and (i) -
(use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) waste into them. Unsanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and
canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus, water is contaminated by (j) - (use a quantifier to pre-modify the
noun) kinds of waste and filth.
(a) seriously (b) important (c) our (d) to cook (e) many (f) another vital element of the environment (g) in their fields (h) these
(i) human (j) various/different
68.
Napoleon, (a) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive), was a great hero. He won many battles and conquered (b) — (use
quantifier to pre-modify the noun) countries of Europe. One day he was walking along the seashore. Suddenly he noticed a (c) -
(use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) thing. (d) - (use article to pre-modify the noun phrase) English boy was making a small
boat. The king asked him why he was making (e) - (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) a small boat. The boy said, "I
shall cross the sea. (f) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) country is on the other side of the sea. I shall go to my country
by (g) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) boat. I didn't see my mother for a good long time. Let me go to my
country (h) — (Use an infinitive phrase to post modify the verb). The king was (i) - (use an adverb to pre-modify the adjective)
charmed by the words of the small boy. He made (j) - (use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) arrangements to send
him to his country.
(a) a France military leader/an emperor (b) many (c) strange (d) An (e) such (f) My (g) this (h) to meet my mother (i) very/greatly
(j) all/the
69.
Jatiyo Smrity Shoudho, (a) - (post-modify the noun with an appositive), is the symbol in the memory of the sacrifice of (b) - (use
determiner to pre-modify the noun) martyrs who gave (c) - (use possessive to pre-modify the noun) lives in the Bangladesh
Liberation War of 1971, which brought independence and separated Bangladesh from Pakistan. (d) - (use determiner to pre-
modify the noun) monument is located in Savar, (e) - (use an adverb to pre-modify the adjective) 35 km north-west of the
capital. (f) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) monument was designed by Sayed Mainul Hossain. The monument is
composed of (g) - (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) towers that are triangular pyramid shaped structures. There is an (h) -
(use adjective to pre-modify the noun) lake and (i) - (use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) mass graves in front of the main
monument. When we stand before the graves, we become overwhelmed with grief and pray for the (j) - (use adjective to
pre-modify the noun) souls of the martyrs.
(a) National Martyrs Memorial (b) the (c) their (d) The (e) approximately/almost (f) This (g) seven (h) artificial (i) several/some (j)
departed
70.
The term 'Diaspora' is used (a) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) to people (b) - (use a relative pronoun to modify the
noun) have left their homelands. The word is (c) - (pre-modify the verb with an adverb) used for such people as a (d) - (pre-
modify the noun with an adjective) group or a community. The world has seen (e) - (use a quantifier to pre-modify the noun)
diasporas but scholars have been studying (f) - (use a determiner to modify the noun) phenomenon with great interest (g) - (use
an adverbial phrase). The Aryans (h) — (use a relative clause to modify the noun) from Central Europe afterwards settled in
India, (i) - (use an appositive to modify the noun). In the twentieth century history, the Palestinian diaspora has attracted (j) -
(use a quantifier to modify the noun) attention to the world people.
(a) to refer (b) who (c) increasingly (d) collective (e) many (f) the (g) only in recent decades (h) who moved (i) a mini world in
Asia (j) a lot of/much
71.
Modern life depends (a) - (post-modify the verb) on transport. We can understand well how important transport is when it is
hampered by (b) - (pre-modify the noun) disasters and political crisis. Transport helps us (c) - (post-modify the verb with an
infinitive) our destinations. It has quickened trade and commerce (d) - (post-modify the verb). It also helps us (e) - (post-modify
the verb with an infinitive) with our relatives and friends. The development of transport has made the world small. We can
travel to any country (f) - (post-modify the verb). We use transport (g) - (use an infinitive to post-modify the verb) our goods
and products to different places. The use of transport saves our time (h) - (post-modify the verb). It also helps us (i) - (post-
modify the verb with an infinitive) knowledge and ideas. (j) - (pre-modify the verb with a present participle phrase), we promote
understanding among the nations.
(a) largely/mostly (b) natural (c) to reach (d) extensively/widely (e) to connect/to communicate (f) easily/quickly (g) to carry (h)
hugely/effectively/extensively (i) to gain/to acquire (j) Gaining knowledge/Acquiring knowledge
72.
A craftwork, (a) - (use an appositive), is a social and cultural product. It reflects the (b) - (pre-modify the noun) nature of folk
imagination. A craftwork, (c) — (use a relative clause to post-modify the noun), retains a personal touch. When we look at a
thirty-year old Nakshikantha, we become (d) - (use intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) surprised at (e) - (use a possessive)
motifs and designs that point to the (f) — (pre-modify the noun) ingenuity and the presence of the maker in it. The fact that we
don't know (g) - (use a possessive) name or any other details about her doesn't take anything away from our appreciation of the
artist. Indeed, the (h) -- (pre-modify the noun) nature of the kantha and the tactile feeling it generates, animate the work and
make (i) - (use intensifier) inviting. A craftwork is distinguished by its maker's desire (j) -- (use infinitive phrase) in the wider and
ever-changing cultural aspirations of the community.
(a) an applied form of art (b) inclusive (c) which usually doesn’t bear the signature of its maker (d) very (e) its (f) artistic (g) her
(h) intimate (i) very (j) to locate himself or herself
73.
Bangladesh is a small country with (a) - (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) population. Most of the people depend on
agriculture and most of them are below the (b) - (use a noun adjective to pre-modify the noun) level, but they are peace-loving.
They live in harmony with others. Though they live from (c) - (post-modify the verb with a phrase), they (d) - (use an adverb to
pre-modify the verb) bear a smile in their face. They fought a bloody war for nine months (e) - (post modify the noun with an
infinitive) their freedom. They are now getting themselves free from want, hunger and diseases. (f) - (use a demonstrative to
pre-modify the noun) achievements are acknowledged worldwide. They are blessed with so (g) - (use an intensifier) natural
resources. (h) - (use a participle to post-modify the verb) these resources effectively, they can change their status. They have a
rich historical and cultural heritage. The Sundarbans (i) - (use an appositive to post-modify the noun) and Cox's Bazar are the
two great attractions (j) - (use an adverbial phrase/clause).
(a) huge (b) poverty (c) hand to mouth (d) usually/often/always/still (e) to gain (f) These/Those (g) many (h) Utilizing (i) the
largest mangrove forest in the world (j) of the present world.
74.
One day Robert Bruce, (a) — (postmodify the noun with appositive), was lying in the cave. He was thinking of (b) — (use
possessive to premodify the noun) misfortune. He thought that he would not be able (c) — (use an infinitive phrase to
postmodify, the verb). Suddenly, he saw a spider (d) — (postmodify the verb with a prepositional/an adverbial of place). The
spider was trying to reach (e) — (use determiner to pre-modify the noun) ceiling of the cave. It almost got to the point (f) —
(use quantifier to pre-modify the noun) times, but fell down at the last moment. It did not lose hope. It was trying (g) —
(postmodify the verb with an adverbial). On the seventh attempt it reached the ceiling. Bruce became very much amazed (h) —
(use an infinitive phrase to postmodify the verb) the success of the spider. He felt encouraged and came out of the cave and
began to gather soldiers again. He remembered the small spider and prepared (i) — (postmodify ale verb with an adverbf for
the battle. He fought hard with the English and (j) — (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) time, he came out
successful. Strong will and perseverance made Robert Bruce the king of Scotland again.
75.
People do not eat the (a) - (pre-modify the noun) food all over the world. The food habits of a country depend on its (b) - (pre-
modify the noun) position, climate and soil. That is why, the kinds of food that people eat depend on what they grow or afford
(c) - (post-modify the verb with an infinitive) from other countries. For example, people (d) - (post-modify the noun with
present participle) in the tropical regions eat corns, rice, fruits and vegetables. Bangladesh is a (e) - (pre-modify the noun)
country, so it grows these foods. Japan, (f) — (use an appositive), depends on seas for food. They eat a lot of (g) - (pre-modify
the noun with a noun adjective) food. The Eskimos eat (h) — (pre-modify the noun) meat and fish as they cannot grow
anything. The Australians raise livestock (i) -- (post-modify the verb with an infinitive). They also have (j) - (pre-modify the noun)
pastures for grazing livestock.
(a) same (b) geographical (c) to buy (d) living (e) tropical (f) an island in the Pacific Ocean (g) sea (h) only (i) to eat meat (j) large
76.
On February 21, people get up (a) -- (post-modify the verb) in the morning remembering the memory of the martyrs. They walk
(b) - (post-modify the verb) to the Shaheed Minar. Most of them put on (c) - (pre-modify the noun) badges on their shoulder.
They go to the Shaheed Minar (d) - (use a participle) the most cherished song, "Amar vaiyer rokte rangano ---." They pay
homage and tribute to the memory of the martyrs. Offering the flowers, they pray for (e) - (use a possessive to pre-modify the
noun) souls. They also gather in the mosque, temple and other (f) — (pre-modify the noun) institutions and pray for the
salvation of the martyrs (g) - (pre-modify the noun) souls. Different social and (h) - (pre-modify the noun) organizations arrange
(i) - (pre-modify the noun) programmes on (j) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) day.
(a) early (b) barefooted (c) black (d) singing (e) their (f) religious (g) departed (h) cultural (i) various/cultural/traditional (j) this
77.
Bangladesh is a (a) (Pre-modify the adjective) populated country. It is a small country (b) - Postmodify the noun with a present
participle) 1,47,570 square kilometres land area. It is burdened with 160 (c) - (Pre-modify the noun with a noun adjective) people.
About 1080 people live in per (d) - (Premodify the noun) kilometre. Still the population is increasing (e) - (Post-modify the verb). Most
of the people of our country live (f) - (Post-modify the verb). They are involved in (g) - (Pre-modify the noun) work. They work hard (h) -
(Post-modify the verb with an infinitive) crops for people. As they are illiterate, they do not know how to cultivate (i) - (Post-modify the
verb). Their illiteracy is also responsible for the (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) growth of population.
Ans. (a) densely; (b) having; (c) million; (d) square; (e) rapidly/quickly; (f) in the villages; (g) agricultural; (h) to grow/to produce; (i)
scientifically; (j) rapid.
78.
Proper utilisation of time is a matter of habit. It needs (a) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) practice. This practice needs (b) -
(Pre-modify the noun) patience. If practised (c) - (Post-modify by an adverb), it may be earned. You cannot acquire the habit (d) - (Use
an adverb to post-modify the verb). You must train up yourself for the purpose. You will earn that (e) - (Post-modify the verb by an
adverb). Once acquired, your mind will dictate you to punctuality. Great people followed this process. (f) --, (Use a participle phrase to
pre-modify noun) this habit can hardly be earned. This habit makes a man (g) - (Use comparative to pre-modify the noun) successful.
Prolonged practice prepares a man (h) - (Premodify the adjective) perfect. If it is acquired, you will not be able (i) - (Use an infinitive
phrase to postmodify the verb). Thus you will (j)-(Pre-modify the adjective by an adverb) be perfect.
Ans. (a) continuous/regular; (b) serious/enough; (c) regularly; (d) shortly/easily; (e) gradually; (f) Sitting idle/Being lazy; (g) more; (h)
quite; (i) to idle away your time; (j) surely/certainly.
79.
Giasuddin Azam, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive) was very kind-hearted and just ruler. (b) - (Use quantifier to pre-
modify the noun) day, he (c) - (Use an adverb to pre-modify the verb) shot a widow's son with an arrow while hunting a deer (d) --
(Post-modify the verb with adverbial phrase). The Widow was shocked at the incident and went to the judge (e) - (Use an infinitive
phrase to post-modify the verb.) There she presented (f) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) complaints against the sultan and
prayed for justice. (g) --- (Use article to pre-modify the noun) judge could not avoid the urge of (h) - (Use a demonstrative to pre-
modify the noun) widow. He summoned the sultan (i) - (Post-modify the verb with adverbial phrase) and charged him with killing the
widow's son. The Sultan confessed his guilt and compensated the loss of the widow and the compensation not only gave (j) - (Use
adjective to pre-modify the noun) satisfaction to her but also pleased the judge.
Ans. (a) Sultan of Bengal; (b) One; (c) accidentally; (d) in the forest; (e) to complain against the Sultan; (f) her; (g) The; (h) that; (i)
before the court; (j) full/whole/complete
80.
The newspaper, (a) - (Post-modify the noun with an appositive), is a printed record of current event. It gives us (b) - (Use quantifier to
pre-modify the noun phrase) the important news of home and abroad. In a word, the newspaper is like (c) - (Use determiner to pre-
modify the noun) "mirror" of the world. The newspaper was first introduced in China. The 'Indian Gazette' was the (d) - (Use
determiner to premodify the noun phrase) newspaper of the subcontinent. "The Samachar Darpon" was the first (e) - (Use a noun-
adjective to pre-modify the noun) newspaper. A newspaper is (f) - (Use an intensifier to premodify the adjective) useful to us. We
cannot think of (g) - (Use possessive to pre-modify the noun) morning without it. (h) - (Use an adjective to pre-modify the noun) people
have different tastes. So, a newspaper supplies us with (i) - (Use determiner to pre-modify the noun phrase) sorts of news, for
example, business, games and sports, entertainment, literature etc. It keeps us well-informed and makes us intelligent. So, we all
should read newspapers (j) - (Post-modify the verb with adverb).
Ans. (a) a store-house of knowledge; (b) all; (c) a; (d) first; (e) Bangla; (f) very; (g) our; (h) Different; (i) all; (j) daily/everyday.
81.
Joy and sorrow come (a) - (Post-modify the verb) in our life. When happiness comes to our life, time passes (b) - (Post-modify the
verb). So people say happiness is (c) - (Post-modify the verb). But when sorrow engulfs our life, time passes (d) - (Pre-modify the verb).
Sometimes (e) - (Pre-modify the noun) sorrow, makes our life motionless. (f) - we become much depressed and it seems to us that (g) -
(Premodify the noun) life is valueless. But in course of time we forget everything and start (h) - (Post-modify the verb). In (i) - (Pre-
modify the noun) life, we often lose our close relations and become (j) - (Postmodify the verb) with grief. Ans. (a) by turns; (b) very
fast; (c) shortlived/transitory; (d) slowly; (e) great; (f) At that time; (g) our; (h) a new life; (i) everyday; (j) mad.
82.
Any device that helps people perform (a) — (pre-modify the noun) calculations may be called a 'computer'. In (b) — (use a
demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) sense, the abacus is also a (c) — (pre-modify the noun) computer. Today, however, the term
'computer' refers to a special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process large masses of
information (d) — (use prepositional phrase to post- modify the noun). In a few minutes, a computer can perform calculations that (e)
— (Use past participle to pre-modify the noun) mathematicians would need years to complete. The fastest computers can handle
millions of problems in a (f) — (pre-modify the noun) seconds. It cannot only solve complex mathematical problems (g) — (post-modify
the verb) and accurately, but also perform (h) — (pre-modify the noun) operations at once and the same time without any confusion.
The computer promises to free men from many monotonous and routine tasks. Nowadays, the computer has become (i) — (use an
intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) sophisticated and can perform many (j) — (use past participle to pre-modify the noun) tasks.
(a) Mathematical (b) this (c) simple (d) in a second (e) experienced (f) few (g) quickly (h) difficult (i) very (j) complex
83.
Everybody wants (a) - (Post-modify the verb with infinitive phrase) in life, but everybody cannot attain (b) - (Post-modify the verb). The
way to success is (c) - (Post-modify the verb) and obstacles. It is beset (d) - (Post-modify the verb). (e) - (Pre-modify the noun) persons
who can overcome them by undertaking risks can enjoy (f) - (Use noun phrasee as object of the verb). The people (g) - (Use relative
pronoun to postmodify the noun) do not dare to take risk and give up their attempts at the first sight of danger and difficulty can never
attain (h) - (Pre-modify the noun) success in life. Therefore, if we want to obtain success, we must take risk and encounter the danger
(i) - (Post-modify the verb). Sometimes we may fall or undergo sufferings at first, but we should not loose heart and give up (j) - (Pre-
modify the noun) pursuit in despair. Ans. (a) to achieve success; (b) it; (c) full of difficulties; (d) with danger; (e) Only those; (f) the glory
of success; (g) who; (h) proper; (i) courageously; (j) our.
84.
Man is a (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) being. As a social being, he has to do (b) - (Pre-modify the noun) work. But no one should hurry
while doing (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) work. One should be (d) - (Post-modify the verb) in brain while doing any job. If anyone hurries
to do a work the (e) - (Pre-modify the noun) work may be spoiled (f) - (Post-modify the verb). So we should not hurry. (g) - (Use
demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) age seems to rush to and fro. Life becomes (h) - (Use an intensifier) complicated now. There is
a competition (i) - (Post-modify the verb). Everyone seems (j) - (Post-modify the verb with an infinitive phrase)
Ans. (a) social; (b) much; (c) any; (d) cool; (e) entire; (f) totally; (g) This; (h) very; (i) everywhere; (j) to run towards the golden deer of
success.
85.
Bangladesh lies in the (a) - (Pre-modify the noun) region and its land is low. (b) - (Pre-modify the noun) every year cyclone or storm hits
our land in summer or.in the late autumn. People here work and live fighting against frequent (c) - (Pre-modify the noun) calamities.
Intense heat causes depression in the Bay of Bengal and causes cyclonic storm (d) - (Post-modify the noun by a relative pronoun) hits
the off shore islands. Flood is another natural calamity which visits our country (e) - (Pre-modify the noun) every year. It is the most (f)
- (Pre-modify the noun) natural calamity in our country. It damages our crops (g) - (Post-modify the verb). It causes a (h) - (Pre-modify
the noun) damage to cur life and properties. The people (i) - (Post-modify the noun with a relative pronoun) are poor lose their home.
The floods in 1970, 1988 and 1998 caused a (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) loss of life and property.
Ans. (a) tropical; (b) Almost; (c) natural; (d) which; (e) almost; (f) familiar; (g) greatly/to a great oxtent; (h) huge; (i) who; (j) huge/great.
86.
The Computer is a fairly recent invention. It has now become an (a) - (pre-modify the noun) part of modern life. It has (b) - (pre-modify
the verb) benefited us and brought about (c) - (pre-modify the noun) changes in our life. Any device (d) - (use relative pronoun to post-
modify the noun) helps people perform mathematical calculations may be called a 'computer'. In this sense, the abacus is also a simple
computer. Today however, the term 'computer' refers to a (e) - (use adjective to pre-modify the noun) kind of electronic machine that
can perform mathematical calculations and process large masses of information (f) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective)
rapidly. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculations, that trained mathematicians would need years (g) - (infinitive to post-
modify the noun). The fastest computers can handle millions of problems in a few seconds. It can not only solve complex mathematical
problems quickly and (h) - (post-modify the verb), but also perform many operations at one and the same time without any confusion.
The computer promises to free men from many (i) - (pre-modify the noun) and routine tasks. It can run a business, play chess, or even
compose music. For (j) - (use a demonstrative to pre-modify the noun) reason many people call the computer 'an electronic brain'.
(a) essential; (b) greatly; (c) revolutionary; (d) that; (e) special; (f) very; (g) to complete; (h) accurately; (i) monotonous; (j) this.
87.
The profession of teaching is (a) - (Pre-modify the adjective) old in the world. It is (b) - (Post-modify the verb) one of the noblest ones.
The teacher was (c) - (Pre-modify the verb) called guru, always enjoyed not only the patronage but also the reverence of the state. (d) -
(Pre-modify the verb) teaching was a private affair. "Teachers are (e) - (Pre-modify the noun with a determiner) guardians of
civilization", says Bertrand Russel. The art of teaching in (f) - (Pre-modify the noun) times has undergone a revolutionary change. It has
become highly specialized. (g) - (Pre-modify the sentence) the success of a teacher depends on his personal skill. But (h) - (Pre-modify
the verb) every teacher has to take training in teaching. There are (i) - (Pre-modify the noun) of teaching methods. A teacher must
know them and apply them in the (j) - (Pre-modify the noun) situation.
Ans. (a) very; (b) certainly; (c) once; (d) In those days; (e).the; (f) modern; (g) Formerly; (h) today; (i) a good number; (j) classroom.
88.
The number of beggars in (a) - (use possessive to premodify the noun) country is increasing day by day. They are found (b) - (use
present participle to postmodify the verb) in larger numbers along the streets at all hours of the day. They annoy the citizens on (c) -
(use possessive to premodify the noun) way to offices and firms. They are also a threat to public health. Almost all the beggars spread
germs of serious (d) - (use adjective to premodify the noun) diseases. They (e) - (premodify the verb) move to our corridors and bus
stands for alms or food. There are some beggars (f) - (use relative pronoun to postmodify the noun) are old and infirm. With a view to
putting an end to begging, the Government has taken steps to build workhouses in the outskirts of (g) - (premodify the noun) town to
give shelter to the beggars and give them food and clothing. But the beggars, who ablebodied should be encouraged by (h) -
(premodify the noun) people (i) - (infinitive to postmodify the noun) such work as gardening, weaving, tailoring, spinning etc. The
expenses of all these should be met (j) - (postmodify the verb) by the Government.
(a) our; (b) begging/loitering; (c) their; (d) infectious; (e) often/frequently; (f) who; (g) every; (h) conscious; (i) to do; (j) completely.
89.
(a) - (use adverb to premodify the sentence) a computer fair was held for six days in Agargoan at BCS computer city building. It turned
(b) - (use an intensifier to premodify the adjective) important fair for the people of the country. Many inhabitants of city, visited the
fair (c) - (postmodify the verb) and bought computers according to (d) - (use possessive to premodify the noun) necessity. Many
visitors came to the fair only to know prices of computers. Computer fair (e) - (past participle to postmodify the noun) in Agargoan,
Dhaka, played a very important role in spreading the utility, versatility of computer. The salesman of the stall in the computer fair tried
to (f) - (use present participle to premodify the noun) the visitors about different kinds of benefits of buying a computer.
Comparatively the young generation was (g) - (premodify the verb) attracted by the latest computers. It is true that a computer fair
helps the nation (h) - (use infinitive to postmodify the noun) different kinds of computer and their utilities. In fact, the computer fair (i)
- (use past participle to postmodify noun) in Agargaon, Dhaka was a matter of great value and importance. The inhabitants of Dhaka
city made the fair a successful one with their (j) - (premodify the noun) participation and cooperation.
(a) Recently; (b) very; (c) eagerly; (d) their; (e) held; (f) convincing; (g) greatly; (h) to know; (i) held; (j) friendly.
90.
Cricket, (a) - (postmodify the noun with an appositive), is my favourite sport among all the sports of the world. It is thought as the most
(b) - (pre-modify the noun) game. There are lots of people (c) - (use relative pronoun to postmodify the noun) love the game of cricket.
It is very interesting, exciting and calculative. Cricket was not played in all countries (d) - (postmodify the verb). Nowadays it is
becoming (e) - (use an intensifier to pre-modify the adjective) popular and is played with interest in many countries. There are three
topes of cricket match which are One day, T20 and Test match. One Day match is played for 50 over, T20 is for 20 over and Test match
is played (f) - (postmodify the verb) for five days. World Cup Cricket is the most thrilling tournament of the game (g) - (use relative
pronoun to postmodify the noun) is played in the form of One Day match. The (h) - (use present participle to pre-modify the noun)
team is determined by calculating the runs of both the teams to see which team has got more runs. So, scoring runs is more important
than (i) - (use present participle to premodify the noun) wickets in hand. I love the game very much and I watch it (j) - (use infinitive to
premodify the noun) amusement and pleasure which keeps me fresh.
(a) an international outdoor game; (b) popular; (c) who; (d) in the past times; (e) very; (f) normally; (g) which; (h) winning; (i) keeping;
(j) to get.
91.
Recently (a) - (premodify the noun) use of mikes and loudspeakers by the inconsiderate shop keepers of the way side shops has turned
into a (b) - (premodify the noun) problem. The city dwellers are (c) - (use an intensifier to premodify the verb) much disturbed by the
constant use of (d) - (use a demonstrative to premodify the noun) instrument. But it has now become a fashion with some (e) -
(premodify the noun) people to use them in season and out of season. The shopkeepers (f) - (use adverb to premodify the verb) forget
that the hospitals, offices, schools and colleges are situated near or on the streets and (g) - (use a demonstrative to premodify the
noun) silence is the very life of them. The students cannot engage themselves with full attention to their studies. This also creates
disturbance to the persons (h) - (use relative pronoun to postmodify the noun) are offering prayers. Noise is also responsible for some
ailments such as nerve disease, blood pressure and heart attacks. The authorities (i) - (past participle to postmodify the noun) to take
immediate steps earlier to ban the use of loudspeakers in all cases. Control of noise is the (j) - (use present participle to premodify the
noun) need of the day.
(a) indiscriminate (b) serious (c) very (d) this (e) inconsiderate/irresponsible (f) entirely (g) thatthis (h) who (i) concerned (j) crying
101.
104.
Bangladesh is an (a) — (pre-modify the noun) country. About four decades have passed since we achieved (b) — (use possessive)
independence. (c) — (use prepositional phrase to pre-modify the noun) building a golden Bangladesh, we fought against Pakistan and
got our freedom. But our dream has not been (d) — (post-modify the verb). Still, we are not free from poverty, hunger, corruption,
nepotism, overpopulation, unemployment, power crisis, political unrest, food shortage, price hike etc. (e) — (use present participle to
pre-modify the noun) all these problems, the present government has taken some pragmatic and time proven steps (f) — (use
infinitive to pre-modify the noun) most of these problems. The aim of the government is to set up technology (g) — (use past participle
to post-modify the noun) digital governance, e-commerce, e-education, e-banking, e-agriculture, e-planning (h) — (use an infinitive to
pre-modify the noun) the total development of-the country and the nation. So, we should focus on the power crisis (i) — (use an
infinitive to pre-modify the noun) Bangladesh a digital one. To develop the nation, more power (j) — (use present participle to pre-
modify the noun) plants should be introduced.

2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28
1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27