OSY

Chapter No 1:- Overview Of operating System

Q1. Define real time operating system along with any two applications of it
Ans:- Real Time Operating System Is A Type Of Operating System
A real time system has well defined fixed time constraints. Processing should be
done within the defined constraints -Hard and Soft real time system.
Applications:
1.Filght Control System
2.Simulations
3.Industrial Control

Q2. Describe multi processor operating system with its advantages

And
Q3. State and explain any two advantages of multiprocessing operating
system.
Ans:-
. Multiprocessor Operating System Is A Type Of Operating System
. That Make The Use Of More than one CPU to improve the performance
. Multiprocessor work parallel in multiprocessing operating system to perform
the given task.
. The use of the multiprocessing operating system improve the overall
performance of the system .
. The main aim of the multi processing operating system is to increase the speed
of execution of the system.
. All the available processors are connected to the peripheral devices. Computer
buses, physical memory or clocks
CPU 1 Main Memory CPU 2

I/O I/O
Processor Processor

I/O Units I/O Units

. Above Diagram Represent As Working Of Multiprocessor operating system
. Working
. Multiprocessor operating system consists of multiple CPU. Each CPU connected
to the main memory
. The Task To be performed divided among all the processors
. For faster execution and improve performance each processor is assigned a
specific task.
. Once all the tasks of each processor are completed, they are compiled
together in order to produce a single output
. The allocation of resources for each processor is handled by the operating
system
Types of multiprocessor operating system
1 Symmetrical multiprocessing operating system
-> Symmetrical multiprocessing operating system is computer processing done
by multiple processors that share a common operating system (OS) and
memory.
In symmetric multiprocessing, the processors share the same input/output (I/O)
bus or data path.
2. Asymmetrical multiprocessing operating system
-> Asymmetric Multiprocessing system is a multiprocessor computer system where
not all of the multiple interconnected central processing units (CPUs) are treated
equally.
In asymmetric multiprocessing, only a master processor runs the tasks of the
operating system
Advantages of multi processing operating systems
1. Increase throughout
2. Faster execution of tasks
Explanation
1. Increase Throughout
- Multiple processor can perform multiple tasks simultaneously
- Increase processing power leads to faster execution of tasks
- More tasks can be performed in parallel
- It improved processing power for computer intensive task
- It helps faster processing of large data sets
- Its support simultaneous processing of multiple threads
- It improves responsiveness and reduce wait times
2. Improve throughout
- Multiprocessor systems can handle more task simultaneously
- It increased throughout leads to improve system efficiency
- More tasks can be completed in a shorter timeframe
- It improved throughout for i/o bond task
- It support high volume transaction processing
- It improved performance for server application
Disadvantages of multi processing operating system
1. More complex
2. High power consumption

Q4 State the features of Linux

1. Free and open source 5. Easy to install
2. Highly secure and stable 6. Easy to update
3. Fast and efficient 7. Support many programming language
4. Flexible 8. Support multiple users and tasks

Q5 Explain real time operating system with its types

- Real Time Operating System Is A Type Of Operating System
- A real time system has well defined fixed time constraints. Processing
should be done within the defined constraints -Hard and Soft real time
system
- Real time operating system are used in environment where a large number
of events
- In real time operating system for switching method is not available
- In real time operating system modification may not be possible

- Above diagram represented as a real time operating system.

- Real time operating system is a specialised operating system designed to
handle time critical tasks with precious and efficiency.
- Real time operating system tasks have strict deadline to meet
- It use minimal resources to run tasks
- Task run for fixed period of time
- Real time operating system that ensures tasks are completed one time
- Applications
. Maximum consumption
. Focus on application
. Memory allocation
- Types of real time operating system
1. Hard real time operating system
2. Soft real time operating system
3. Firm Real time operating system
1. Hard real time operating system
- Hard real time operating 16 is a type of real time operating system
- That guarantees task completion within a strict deadline.
- In hard real time operating system, the size of data file is small or medium
- In this system response time is in millisecond.
- In this system safety is critical
- A hard real time system is very restrictive
- It focus on processing critical tasks with high priority
- It is a reliable for critical operation
- It is a very restrictive
2. Soft real time operating system
- Soft real time operating system is a type of real time operating system
- That guarantees stars completion within a responsible timeframe
- In soft real time operating system, the size of data file is large.
- In this system, response time is higher
- In the system safety is not critical
- It is a less restrictive
- It focus on processing tasks with lower priority
- In this system, resources can be allocated dynamically
3.Firm Real Time Operating System
- A firm real time operating system is a type of real time operating system.
- Combination of hard and Real Time Operating System is called As Firm
Real Time Operating System
 - A firm real time operating system must meet deadline most of the time
- It managed cpu memory and other resources efficiently to prevent delays
- It helps quickly response to hardware interrupts to manage time sensitive
operation

Q6 Describe the working of time sharing Operating system with net

diagram.

- Above diagram represent as timesharing operating system.

- A time sharing operating system allows multiple users to share computer
simultaneously
- In the above diagram,
• the user 5 Is Active State
• User 1 user 2 user 3 and user 4 Are in a waiting state Where user 6 is
in a ready state
• Active state.
The user’s programme is under the control of the CPU
Only one programme is available in the state
• Rady State
The user programme is ready to execute, but it is waiting for its turn
to get the CPU
More than one user can be in a reading state at a time
• Waiting State
The users programme is waiting for some input output operation
More than one user can be in a waiting state at a time
- A time sharing operating system is an operating system that allows
multiple programmes to share the resources of a single computer
- Train timesharing operating system manages switching between
programmes
- In time sharing operating system programmer executed in a sequence.
- The time sharing operating system provide efficient use of system
resources
- To enable multiple users to share the system simultaneously.
- Example
Unix, linux, windows, mac OS

Q7. In List types of operating system expand multi programming system in

detail
1. Real time operating system
2. Time shared operating system
3. Multiprocessor operating system
4. Batch operating system
5. Multiprogram operating system
6. Distributed operating system
7. Mobile operating system

Multi programming operating system

- Above diagram represent as multi programming operating system.

- In multi programming operating system multiple programmes are stored in
memory
- Each programme has to give a specific portion of memory which is known
as process
- The operating system handles all these processes and their state
- Multiprogramming operating system helps handle multiple tasks at the
same time
- In multi programming operating system multiple programmes can run
simultaneously.
- These operating systems manage resources like cpu memory and input
output devices
- It allocated time slices for each programme to use the CPU
- It switches between programme quickly to ensure efficient use of
resources
- Features of multi programming operating system
- 1. need single cpu for implementation
- 2. High Resources Utilisation
- 3. High performance
- Advantages of multi programming operating systems
- 1. Improve if you utilisation
- 2. increase productivity
- 3. Better support performance.
- Disadvantages of multi programming operating systems
- 1. Increase complexity
- 2. reduce performance

Q8 Difference between command line based operating system and GUI

based operating system.
Command line based Gui Based Operating System
operating system
Output display As Text Output display graphically.
Usually require less system resources
Usually requires more System
resources
Easy to troubleshoot Easy to instal software
Supports advanced scripting Support multimedia and graphics
Easy to automate that task Easy to learn and use
Interacts with user through commands
Interacts with users through icon
Q9 The difference between time sharing system and real time system

Time Sharing Operating System Real Time Operating System

Switching method is available Switching method is not available

Any modification may be possible Any modification may not be
possible
It runs multiple applications It runs single applications
simultaneously simultaneously
The response is generated in less The response is generated within the
than a second fixed time Interval
It is used in multi user It is used in critical application
environments
It share resources among It share resources among
multiple users multiple tasks
Task run for short periods Task run for fixed. Period
Priority scheduling is used Priority scheduling is critical
Divide CPU time among users Divide cpu time among tasks
Example Unix Linux Windows Example:- Robotics