Random Pariable

& exp = CHU , uT

,
+H
, TP3
-

* >
Random Variable

↳
number of heads

X =
20, 1
, 23

Distribution (PDI

↳ Ri Se Ky
Xi O I 2
P2
Pla
Yu Pl
2 YP

N ote : P, +
Pe Pz
+ = 1

↳ Pi = ( sum of all
probabilities
201 Pic13

Types of Random Variable

↳ ① Discrete RV -
(no of experiments
· =

finite
↳ dice
sq : toss
of a coins
,
roll, bar taken out

from beg ate

 ②
Continuous RV >
-
(large data ->
infinite
also
Mo
of cases
-

↳ ed :
heights of people possibles
from 100cm
to

110 em

Egi cakh
a
&

DRV
15
kk
in DRV

↓ !
12-

....
11

CRV
10 -

I
CRV

Ed A headh
likely
coin i biased so that the times as
to occur as compared to tail .

If the coin is tossed

twice
, find the
probability distribution
for the mo ·

of
caus
-

↳ 3x
/
x + =
1 - x =

Y 3/4
PLT) P(H)

coin tossed-2

X >
- No fail

O 1 2
X

P(X) %0 %0 Yo >
-
probability distribution
 p(na) P(X 0)
3/x3y
= = =

PLUT) PITH)
3 Y 2
%
=
+ * / =

P(77) =

YeXY= Yo

go check
prob distribution-a +t o

=
1
=

↳ Questions can be asked on it like

↳
Pla(2) in PLOS PLIS , P(2) ,

or Plaxe) ie P(O) , P(1)

otc

variable P(K)
,
: If X denotes candom , then

S
0 1
.

if x 0 =

P(X x)
kn if x
= =

= 1 ore

<
k(5-2) if x 3 or
=

O otherwise

at find the wal

of b

b) Plux3) ? 2010 <22]

↳ a O 12 3 Y

P(u) 0 .
1 K 21 (15-3) k(5-u)
2k K

0 %
1
3/20 30 30 320
 => !
[p = 1 0 + k + 2k + 24 + k =

G + 0% = /
-k =
0 9 .

K 13
30
= z

5020

Am :
D - 14 =
3

,20
-

② p(x23) =
P1O) + P21) + 10(2)

3/0 3/0
=
0 1 .
+ +

9
0 1 +
/
.
=

20

%
=

20
-
-

③
Plouces =
PL)
=

3/0

>
-
Mean Variance and Standard Deviction

xi 21 R2 Xz ....
-.

R3

P P, P2 Pz ....
--

Per

Mean (M) = Zi = pini

zp
↳ as
[Pi =
1
Variana A B

229, 13 220, 103

↳ ava
: 5 arg : 15

T
bigtspread spread
las

ire distant
from both

29 and I

"
-
I -

Standard
↳
3

99 .

7 o/

deviation

time mir
E bog
test - so

standard doiration-10 min

↳% of students who covered their teste

before 40 min

&
 Random
& I voir tossed -X = var
I find Mean varysd)

↳ mean-Pini =

exported
value = E(x)

(M) i
= 1

<

Variano =
Pixi -

(EPinis
10 %
= Elu2)-TE(n]]2
Standard down =
0 =
Vanco

↳ HH H THM Y 012 3
HHT THT

HTH TTH P(m) is 30 78Ys

HTT TTT

x
2
O , a a

Dixi
Mean
- = 0 +
28 +
G +
38
=

12
21 . 5

Variance =

-
[piniz
LEDini)
2
=

(0 +
20
+ 1
%0 +
y) -

[22
2y 94
= -

34
=

standard deves=
fariance =

1
Discrete
>
-
and Continuous Random Variable

6 Distribution
>
-
>
-
Binomial

DRv- Poisson

>
- >
CRV- Uniform
↳
↓ Normal/Quotient/Bell-curve

exponential

DRV CRV

>
-
finite Mo ·

of Trials >
-
infinite of trials
nor

very large dataset)

I countable) i
I not-countable)

E(n) Mean E(n)

>
-
Mean >
-

↓ ↓
D

ZPixi
I I
i flus -
di

-
D

>
- small
sample space >
-
large sample space

Spread spread large

>
- :
: small >
-

-
Integers >
-
Decimal/fraction

Eq : Twins tossed I: height of people

150cm
X -
Mo .

of fails X-height blo 100 to

HH -T

HH THE
 DiM fixl

50L -

1
40t
-

-
↳

301
-

·
201 -

-
! !
&

10h
·
! II (X)
bo go so
iso 100

100-100 .
1-100 .
2 ...
Largo
spread

>
- In =1
(0241) fluss,
0

-
gpu
D
=
1

>
-
Binomial/Bernoulli distribution

conditions : ① There should be finite nor

of trials

② finite independent
keywords
: Trials should be

>
- small countable
>
-
p/g-appronvalue
same ③ There should be exact 2 outcomes

↓ ↳
P &
Isuccess I faill

④ finite no .
- small countable

⑤
Probability should be same in

each trial ( succes/faill

 trials
S
y
I >
- total no ,

of
Formula
My pr
n
: Pla r
-

v random variable
q
= =
-

p- success

q
-
failure
( combination)

>
-
Mean (M) =
up when
,

p q Yz
=
>
- =

>
- Variance (s) =
upq
(symmetrical
B D)
standard deviation Xpq
.

>
- =

pq
>
-

D)
I skewed
B .

: Unbiased coin ->

find prob by using BD >
- tossed 10 times

is 6 heads
Exactly >
-
p q =

i) 6 heads
Atleast >
- countable no ·

of
trials
ii) Atmost 6 heads

iv) Atleast I head

P / q Ya
n = 10 = =

① Plu =
) =

10 (d)"
=

x
 = -

& Play, b) = P(n =

b) + P(u 7) = + p(z b) = + p(m =
a)
+ P(x =
10)

=
10g(y)" +

102( +
10() +

102 (b) 10201X)10 +

(g(102 +

102 102
+ +
10
+ 10
co
-

3010 + 120 + 45 + 10
+1

38
=

⑪ P(uxs) = P(a =
0 + P(u = 1) +

P(u
p(u
=
=
2) +

4) + P(n 5) + P(n 6)
p(n
=
=
3) +

↳ shortcuts We have Play, 6)

so
P(u(5) = 1 -
play, 6)
,

-
= -

=
1024-386
102y

=8

1024
So
, for Pluxs) => P(uX5) + P(x 6) =

+
=>
=>
 & pluy, 1) =>> P(1) + P(2) +.... +
D40
of
1 -
P(O)

102
(*)
= I -

>
- Mean :
Ava

Median: Middle-most element in sorted data

Mode : element with man

frequency

>
- mean :
In)
obs
Sotal
: odd
Median M = M = even

(n)
is i
inset
&

mode :
Highest freed
(2)

Empirical formulas 3 Median =

Mode + 2
Mean
 Poisson
>
- Distribution (e 20718)
=

Pla r
=

= V

m
=

=
random

mean
variable

e =
simple exponential

Conditions for Poisson's Distribu

↳ ① is (n-0)
m very large
(nor of trials)
② is small
a very
↓
I prob of occurence)

Mean =
up zm

Variance =
up
= m

Mode =

mp

keywords Question types

① poisson word ① No
·
of phone calle record
-

② value
of in given ② mistakes
No of print
·

L like : e-Kete) at

3
large sample space
lalmost a)
>
- Mean Median ,
and
Mode of grouped data

Means
i
Direct >
-
Ismall
(2) datal

Assumed
>
- a + fidi = di xi-a
=

(large datal fi

Step deviation or >

-
a + uixh =
viedign
Ivery very large Ifi h= class width
fractional/decimal)
& C fi of xi fixi dizci-a fide vi =
disn fin
30
-
20
-

40 -
2 -
Y
10 -
20 2 2 15

-10
-
50 -
-

5
20-30 5 728 125

30 -
401835 35 O O O O

70

o I
40 2 10 45 2
-

-
50 -
-

To =
0
-

7
-

(direct
Mean (2) 200
28
= =

70)
35 35-7 28
1
+
-
= = =

1 Assume
mean)

1- )x10
=
35 + = 28

I step
deviation)
 f = model class
li e max freq)

fo
Mode : 1
+
.

a
for preceeding
freg
fe =

fred of
successive intervals

e = Lower limit
class
of mudal
he clas widte

↳
for the above data

13) 10
()
-
20 + 10 =
20 + =
24 28 .

: Mode is
Note the value
always
blu upper and lower limit of
model class

- total freq

(efy
Medians e-

If total free -
within subsequent range

&: 5-10 >

- 5 - 5

10 -
20 >
- 16 >
- (ie
15 5 to15)

20 -
30 - 5 >
- 20 (i e
. 5
tobos

↳
=> 20
+
(2) x10 20 +
3)
 CRV
>
-

& + v
-
u =
u

u
>

Jurdu
>
- =

ufvide-f funded
G Rule of preference
TLATE

invense log algebra Trigo Explo

 g(x) [F(u)]b [F(b) F(a)]
=
>
- -

da
=

>
- Normal Distribution

>
-
Yotal area
of SND bel enwe

G
I

ie
just as [Pi ,
so (x)

>
CRV v4 DRV

>
fins D(a)

S f)
>
-
= & D, = 1

E(n) = Zxipi
Mean fas
-
 1f de-[ufda)
Variance EMP-LE]
- Zn2p, - ([Piri)2

8td . deve-
> X variance Variance

cncelative
prob fun
>I do
-

1 -

>
-
Uniform Distribu

DDF =

via
Ba
sta deva = =

Mean 7
212 =
= =

& variance =

100/12
 >
-
Exponential Distribu

P(x v)
=
=

0x < -

apply exponential
note to :
>
-
keywords to

O
↳ something given -

② word-exponentially distributed

③ answer is in form of an

④
a X0 (always)

⑤ 2 > 0
(always